DOCSLIB.ORG

Westminster Leningrad Codex [4.18]

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
Westminster Leningrad Codex [4.18] Ecclesiastes 1 The Westminster Leningrad Codex 14 Ecclesiastes %ל$ע#נות בו׃ ר אי תי את־כל־ %ה%מ$ע שים ש%נ$עשו %ת%חת %ה +שמש וה#נה %ה8כל הבל 15 קהלת ור#עות רו%ח׃ מQעות לא־יו %כל לת+קן 16 וחסרון לא־יו %#כל להמנות׃ ד9%ברתי $א'ני עם־ל בי ל אמר $אBני ה 9נה הג%'דלתי וה %וספ תי 1 דברי ק הלת בן־דוד מלך 2 חכ מה 8%על כל$־אשר־ה#יה לפ%ני %על־ בירוש לם׃ $ה 'בל $הבלים א %מר קהלת $ה #בל ירוש +לם ול 8בי ר #אה %הר בה חכ #מה 17 3 $הב לים %ה#כל הבל׃ %מה־יתרון לא+דם בכל־ ודעת׃ ואת'נה ל בי ל %ד%עת חכ מה ו %#ד%עת 4 $עמלו ש%י$ע מל %#ת%חת %ה שמש׃ 'דור הלך הוללות ושכ+לות י %Tדעתי ש%גם־#זה הוא 18 5 ודור בא וה ארץ לעו #לם ע מדת׃ וז%#רח %רע#יון רו%ח׃ 8כי ב#רב חכ מה רב +־כ%עס %ה שמש ו בא %ה +שמש ו9אל־מקומו ש 8ואף וי #וסיף %ד%עת י #וסיף %מכאוב׃ 6 זו#ר%ח הוא שם׃ הולך אל־דרום וסו בב אל־צ+פון סו 'בב ׀ סבב הו לך הרו%ח ו%על־ 2 א %'מר תי $א ני בלבי לכה־8נא $א%נס 8כה 7 סביב תיו #שב הרו%ח׃ כל־%הנחלים הל כים בשמ חה ור אה ב+טוב וה#נה %גם־הוא 2 אל־%הים ו%הים איננו מ +לא אל־מBקום הבל׃ לשחוק א %מרתי מהו +לל ולשמ חה 'ש%הנחלים הל כים 8שם #הם ש בים 3 8 %מה־#זה ע שה׃ %תרתי בלבי למ#שוך %ב%יין ללכת׃ כל־%הדברים יג עים לא־יו %#כל איש את־בש+רי ולXבי נ 'הג %בחכמה ולNאחז ל%ד +בר לא־תש %#בע %עין לראות ולא־תמ #לא בסכלות %עד $אשר־ארBאה אי־ 9זה Lטוב לב'ני 9 אזן מש מ%ע׃ %מה־ שהיה הוא שיהיה ו%מה־ האדם $א 'שר %י$עשו %ת%חת %הש %מים מס %פר 4 ש%נ$ע שה הוא שיע +שה ו #אין כל־ח דש %#ת%חת י #מי %חיי הם׃ הג%דלתי %מ$ע +שי ב'ניתי לי 5 10 %ה שמש׃ #יש ד 8בר שי %#אמר ראה־זה ח דש ב תים נ %#טעתי לי כר מים׃ ע שיתי לי %גנות +הוא כבר היה לעל מים $א #שר היה ו%פרד +סים ונ %#טעתי ב הם #עץ כל־ 6 11 מַעַּ֖דףיִ֥סֹויְוסַעָּ֑כ־בָרהָ֖מְכָחבֹ֥רְּביִּ֛כ 18 ׃ַחּוֽרןֹו֥יְעַראּו֖ההֶ֥ז־םַּגֶׁשיִּתְעַ֕דָיתּו֑לְכִׂשְותֹו֖לֵלֹוהתַעַ֥דְותַעַ֣דָל֙יִּבִלהָ֤נְּתֶאָו 17 ׃תַעָֽדָוהָ֥מְכָחהֵּ֖בְרַההָ֥אָריִּ֛בִלְוםִָ֑לָׁשּורְי־לַעיַ֖נָפְלהָ֥יָה־רֶׁשֲא־לָּכהָ֔מְכָח֙יִּתְפַ֙סֹוהְויִּתְלַּ֤דְגִההֵּ֨נִהיִ֗נֲארֹ֔מאֵל֙יִּבִל־םִעיִ֤נֲאיִּתְרַּ֨בִּד 16 ׃תֹוֽנָּמִהְללַ֥כּוי־אֹלןֹו֖רְסֶחְוןֹ֑קְתִללַ֣כּוי־אֹלתָּ֖וֻעְמ 15 ׃ַחּוֽרתּו֥עְרּולֶבֶ֖הלֹּ֛כַההֵּ֥נִהְוׁשֶמָּׁ֑שַהּוׂ֖שֲעַּנֶֽׁשםיִׂ֔שֲעַּמַֽה־לָּכ־תֶא֙יִתיִ֙אָר 14 ׃ֹוּֽבתֹו֥נֲעַלםָ֖דָאָהיֵ֥נְבִלםיִ֛הֹלֱאןַ֧תָנעָ֗רןַ֣יְנִע׀אּו֣הםִיָ֑מָּׁשַהתַחַּ֣תהָׂ֖שֲעַנרֶׁ֥שֲא־לָּכלַ֛עהָ֔מְכָחַּֽב֙רּותָלְוׁשֹו֤רְדִליִּ֗בִל־תֶאיִּתַ֣תָנְו 13 ׃םִָֽלָׁשּוריִּבלֵ֖אָרְׂשִי־לַעְךֶלֶ֛מיִתיִ֥יָהתֶלֶ֗הֹקיִ֣נֲא 12 פ ׃הָֽנֹרֲחַאָלּו֖יְהִּיֶׁשםִ֥עןֹו֔רָּכִז֙םֶהָלהֶ֤יְהִי־אֹֽלּו֗יְהִּיֶׁשםיִ֜נֹרֲחַאָלםַ֨גְוםיִ֑נֹׁשאִרָלןֹו֖רְכִז ןיֵ֥א 11 ׃ּונֵֽנָפְּלפננו׃ #אין זכרון לראש+נים ו %9גם פרי׃ ע #שיתי לי ברכות +מים ל%השקות 7 ל%א$חרLנים שיהBיו לא־יהי'ה להם זכרון #עם מהם %י%ער צו #מ%ח ע צים׃ קני תי $עבדים שיהיו ל%א$חרנה׃ פ 12 ושפחות ובני־ %בית היה +לי %גם מקנZה ב 9קר $אני קBהלת ה#ייתי 8מלך %על־ישר אל ו'צאן %הרבה היה לי מ8כל שה#יו לפ%ני 8 13 בירוש לם׃ ונ %תתי את־לBבי לד'רוש ולתור בירוש לם׃ כ%'נסתי לי %גם ־כסף וזהב %בחכ מה 8%על כל$־א #שר %נ$ע שה %ת%חת %הש +מים וסQג%#ַעַּ֖דףיִ֥סֹויְוסַעָּ֑כ־בָרהָ֖מְכָחבֹ֥רְּביִּ֛כ 18 ׃ַחּוֽרןֹו֥יְעַראּו֖ההֶ֥ז־םַּגֶׁשיִּתְעַ֕דָיתּו֑לְכִׂשְותֹו֖לֵלֹוהתַעַ֥דְותַעַ֣דָל֙יִּבִלהָ֤נְּתֶאָו 17 ׃תַעָֽדָוהָ֥מְכָחהֵּ֖בְרַההָ֥אָריִּ֛בִלְוםִָ֑לָׁשּורְי־לַעיַ֖נָפְלהָ֥יָה־רֶׁשֲא־לָּכהָ֔מְכָח֙יִּתְפַ֙סֹוהְויִּתְלַּ֤דְגִההֵּ֨נִהיִ֗נֲארֹ֔מאֵל֙יִּבִל־םִעיִ֤נֲאיִּתְרַּ֨בִּד 16 ׃תֹוֽנָּמִהְללַ֥כּוי־אֹלןֹו֖רְסֶחְוןֹ֑קְתִללַ֣כּוי־אֹלתָּ֖וֻעְמ 15 ׃ַחּוֽרתּו֥עְרּולֶבֶ֖הלֹּ֛כַההֵּ֥נִהְוׁשֶמָּׁ֑שַהּוׂ֖שֲעַּנֶֽׁשםיִׂ֔שֲעַּמַֽה־לָּכ־תֶא֙יִתיִ֙אָר 14 ׃ֹוּֽבתֹו֥נֲעַלםָ֖דָאָהיֵ֥נְבִלםיִ֛הֹלֱאןַ֧תָנעָ֗רןַ֣יְנִע׀אּו֣הםִיָ֑מָּׁשַהתַחַּ֣תהָׂ֖שֲעַנרֶׁ֥שֲא־לָּכלַ֛עהָ֔מְכָחַּֽב֙רּותָלְוׁשֹו֤רְדִליִּ֗בִל־תֶאיִּתַ֣תָנְו 13 ׃םִָֽלָׁשּוריִּבלֵ֖אָרְׂשִי־לַעְךֶלֶ֛מיִתיִ֥יָהתֶלֶ֗הֹקיִ֣נֲא 12 פ ׃הָֽנֹרֲחַאָלּו֖יְהִּיֶׁשםִ֥עןֹו֔רָּכִז֙םֶהָלהֶ֤יְהִי־אֹֽלּו֗יְהִּיֶׁשםיִ֜נֹרֲחַאָלםַ֨גְוםיִ֑נֹׁשאִרָלןֹו֖רְכִז ןיֵ֥א 11 ׃ּונֵֽנָפְּלת מל כים ו%המדי+נות ע 9שיתי Lלי שרים הוא ׀ ע %ניPן Bרע נ %Oתן Nאל 8הים לב#ני האדם ושBרות ו%ת$ענו 8גת ב#ני האדם ש #דה 1 Ecclesiastes 2 The Westminster Leningrad Codex Ecclesiastes 2 21 9 ושדות׃ וג%דלתי וה%וספתי מ8כל שה#יה %#ת%חת %ה שמש׃ כי־יש אBדם ש$עמ8לו לפ%ני בירוש +לם %#אף חכמ תי #עמדה בחכ#מהוב%ד%עתובכש+רוןולאXדםש'ַעַּ֖דףיִ֥סֹויְוסַעָּ֑כ־בָרהָ֖מְכָחבֹ֥רְּביִּ֛כ 18 ׃ַחּוֽרןֹו֥יְעַראּו֖ההֶ֥ז־םַּגֶׁשיִּתְעַ֕דָיתּו֑לְכִׂשְותֹו֖לֵלֹוהתַעַ֥דְותַעַ֣דָל֙יִּבִלהָ֤נְּתֶאָו 17 ׃תַעָֽדָוהָ֥מְכָחהֵּ֖בְרַההָ֥אָריִּ֛בִלְוםִָ֑לָׁשּורְי־לַעיַ֖נָפְלהָ֥יָה־רֶׁשֲא־לָּכהָ֔מְכָח֙יִּתְפַ֙סֹוהְויִּתְלַּ֤דְגִההֵּ֨נִהיִ֗נֲארֹ֔מאֵל֙יִּבִל־םִעיִ֤נֲאיִּתְרַּ֨בִּד 16 ׃תֹוֽנָּמִהְללַ֥כּוי־אֹלןֹו֖רְסֶחְוןֹ֑קְתִללַ֣כּוי־אֹלתָּ֖וֻעְמ 15 ׃ַחּוֽרתּו֥עְרּולֶבֶ֖הלֹּ֛כַההֵּ֥נִהְוׁשֶמָּׁ֑שַהּוׂ֖שֲעַּנֶֽׁשםיִׂ֔שֲעַּמַֽה־לָּכ־תֶא֙יִתיִ֙אָר 14 ׃ֹוּֽבתֹו֥נֲעַלםָ֖דָאָהיֵ֥נְבִלםיִ֛הֹלֱאןַ֧תָנעָ֗רןַ֣יְנִע׀אּו֣הםִיָ֑מָּׁשַהתַחַּ֣תהָׂ֖שֲעַנרֶׁ֥שֲא־לָּכלַ֛עהָ֔מְכָחַּֽב֙רּותָלְוׁשֹו֤רְדִליִּ֗בִל־תֶאיִּתַ֣תָנְו 13 ׃םִָֽלָׁשּוריִּבלֵ֖אָרְׂשִי־לַעְךֶלֶ֛מיִתיִ֥יָהתֶלֶ֗הֹקיִ֣נֲא 12 פ ׃הָֽנֹרֲחַאָלּו֖יְהִּיֶׁשםִ֥עןֹו֔רָּכִז֙םֶהָלהֶ֤יְהִי־אֹֽלּו֗יְהִּיֶׁשםיִ֜נֹרֲחַאָל םַ֨גְו םיִ֑נֹׁשאִרָל ןֹו֖רְכִז ןיֵ֥א 11 ׃ּונֵֽנָפְּלא 10 ַעַּ֖דףיִ֥סֹויְוסַעָּ֑כ־בָרהָ֖מְכָחבֹ֥רְּביִּ֛כ 18 ׃ַחּוֽרןֹו֥יְעַראּו֖ההֶ֥ז־םַּגֶׁשיִּתְעַ֕דָיתּו֑לְכִׂשְותֹו֖לֵלֹוהתַעַ֥דְותַעַ֣דָל֙יִּבִלהָ֤נְּתֶאָו 17 ׃תַעָֽדָוהָ֥מְכָחהֵּ֖בְרַההָ֥אָריִּ֛בִלְוםִָ֑לָׁשּורְי־לַעיַ֖נָפְלהָ֥יָה־רֶׁשֲא־לָּכהָ֔מְכָח֙יִּתְפַ֙סֹוהְויִּתְלַּ֤דְגִההֵּ֨נִהיִ֗נֲארֹ֔מאֵל֙יִּבִל־םִעיִ֤נֲאיִּתְרַּ֨בִּד 16 ׃תֹוֽנָּמִהְללַ֥כּוי־אֹלןֹו֖רְסֶחְוןֹ֑קְתִללַ֣כּוי־אֹלתָּ֖וֻעְמ 15 ׃ַחּוֽרתּו֥עְרּולֶבֶ֖הלֹּ֛כַההֵּ֥נִהְוׁשֶמָּׁ֑שַהּוׂ֖שֲעַּנֶֽׁשםיִׂ֔שֲעַּמַֽה־לָּכ־תֶא֙יִתיִ֙אָר 14 ׃ֹוּֽבתֹו֥נֲעַלםָ֖דָאָהיֵ֥נְבִלםיִ֛הֹלֱאןַ֧תָנעָ֗רןַ֣יְנִע׀אּו֣הםִיָ֑מָּׁשַהתַחַּ֣תהָׂ֖שֲעַנרֶׁ֥שֲא־לָּכלַ֛עהָ֔מְכָחַּֽב֙רּותָלְוׁשֹו֤רְדִליִּ֗בִל־תֶאיִּתַ֣תָנְו 13 ׃םִָֽלָׁשּוריִּבלֵ֖אָרְׂשִי־לַעְךֶלֶ֛מיִתיִ֥יָהתֶלֶ֗הֹקיִ֣נֲא 12 פ ׃הָֽנֹרֲחַאָלּו֖יְהִּיֶׁשםִ֥עןֹו֔רָּכִז֙םֶהָלהֶ֤יְהִי־אֹֽלּו֗יְהִּיֶׁשםיִ֜נֹרֲחַאָלםַ֨גְוםיִ֑נֹׁשאִרָלןֹו֖רְכִז ןיֵ֥א 11 ׃ּונֵֽנָפְּלי׃ וכל $א שר ש$אלו עי%ני #לא א %צלתי ע%מל־בו יתננו חלקו %גם־#זה הבל ור #עה 22 מ +הם לא־מ%9נעתי את־לLבי מכל־שמ Bחה כי־ %ר בה׃ [כי מה־ה'וה לאדם בכל־$עמלו ל 'בי ש מ%ח מכל־$עמ לי וזה־ה#יה חל]קי מכל־ וב%רעיון ל+בו ש#הוא ע מל %#ת%חת 23 11 עמלי׃ ופני תי $אBני בכל%־מ$ע %שי שעשו י %די %ה שמש׃ Oכי כל־י מיו %מכאBבים ו %כ%עס vnQ ו בע מל שע %מלתי %ל$ע+שות וה 9נה %ה#כל הבל ענינו%גם־%ב%ַעַּ֖דףיִ֥סֹויְוסַעָּ֑כ־בָרהָ֖מְכָחבֹ֥רְּביִּ֛כ 18 ׃ַחּוֽרןֹו֥יְעַראּו֖ההֶ֥ז־םַּגֶׁשיִּתְעַ֕דָיתּו֑לְכִׂשְותֹו֖לֵלֹוהתַעַ֥דְותַעַ֣דָל֙יִּבִלהָ֤נְּתֶאָו 17 ׃תַעָֽדָוהָ֥מְכָחהֵּ֖בְרַההָ֥אָריִּ֛בִלְוםִָ֑לָׁשּורְי־לַעיַ֖נָפְלהָ֥יָה־רֶׁשֲא־לָּכהָ֔מְכָח֙יִּתְפַ֙סֹוהְויִּתְלַּ֤דְגִההֵּ֨נִהיִ֗נֲארֹ֔מאֵל֙יִּבִל־םִעיִ֤נֲאיִּתְרַּ֨בִּד 16 ׃תֹוֽנָּמִהְללַ֥כּוי־אֹלןֹו֖רְסֶחְוןֹ֑קְתִללַ֣כּוי־אֹלתָּ֖וֻעְמ 15 ׃ַחּוֽרתּו֥עְרּולֶבֶ֖הלֹּ֛כַההֵּ֥נִהְוׁשֶמָּׁ֑שַהּוׂ֖שֲעַּנֶֽׁשםיִׂ֔שֲעַּמַֽה־לָּכ־תֶא֙יִתיִ֙אָר 14 ׃ֹוּֽבתֹו֥נֲעַלםָ֖דָאָהיֵ֥נְבִלםיִ֛הֹלֱאןַ֧תָנעָ֗רןַ֣יְנִע׀אּו֣הםִיָ֑מָּׁשַהתַחַּ֣תהָׂ֖שֲעַנרֶׁ֥שֲא־לָּכלַ֛עהָ֔מְכָחַּֽב֙רּותָלְוׁשֹו֤רְדִליִּ֗בִל־תֶאיִּתַ֣תָנְו 13 ׃םִָֽלָׁשּוריִּבלֵ֖אָרְׂשִי־לַעְךֶלֶ֛מיִתיִ֥יָהתֶלֶ֗הֹקיִ֣נֲא 12 פ ׃הָֽנֹרֲחַאָלּו֖יְהִּיֶׁשםִ֥עןֹו֔רָּכִז֙םֶהָלהֶ֤יְהִי־אֹֽלּו֗יְהִּיֶׁשםיִ֜נֹרֲחַאָלםַ֨גְוםיִ֑נֹׁשאִרָלןֹו֖רְכִז ןיֵ֥א 11 ׃ּונֵֽנָפְּלילה לא־ש %כב ל+בו %גם־זה 24 ורעות רו%ח ו #אין יתרון %#ת%חת #הבל הוא׃ אין־'טוב באדם שי %אכל 12 %ה שמש׃ ופ'ני תי $א ני לראות חכ מה וש תה והר Oאה את־%נפ8שו טוב %ב$עמ+לו %גם־ 25 והוללות וסכ+לות כי ׀ מה האBדם שיבוא זה ר איתי אני 8כי מ%#יד הNאל הים היא׃ כי 26 %א$חרי %ה מלך #את $אשר־כ בר #מי י 8%אכל ו #מי יחוש #חוץ מ מני׃ 'כי לאדם 13 עשוהו׃ ור איתי אני ש#יש ית8רון %לחכ מה שטוב לפניו נ 8%תן חכ #מה ו %ד%עת ושמ +חה מן־%הסכ+לות כית#רון האור מן־ ו%לחוטZא נ %9תן ענLין לNאסוף ולכBנוס לתת 14 %החשך׃ החכם עיניו בראשו ו%הכ סיל לטוב לפני הNאלהים %גם־#זה הבל ור#עות %בחשך הו +לך וי %דעתי %גם־אני שמק#רה א חד רוח׃ 15 יק#רהאתQ־כַעַּ֖דףיִ֥סֹויְוסַעָּ֑כ־בָרהָ֖מְכָחבֹ֥רְּביִּ֛כ 18 ׃ַחּוֽרןֹו֥יְעַראּו֖ההֶ֥ז־םַּגֶׁשיִּתְעַ֕דָיתּו֑לְכִׂשְותֹו֖לֵלֹוהתַעַ֥דְותַעַ֣דָל֙יִּבִלהָ֤נְּתֶאָו 17 ׃תַעָֽדָוהָ֥מְכָחהֵּ֖בְרַההָ֥אָריִּ֛בִלְוםִָ֑לָׁשּורְי־לַעיַ֖נָפְלהָ֥יָה־רֶׁשֲא־לָּכהָ֔מְכָח֙יִּתְפַ֙סֹוהְויִּתְלַּ֤דְגִההֵּ֨נִהיִ֗נֲארֹ֔מאֵל֙יִּבִל־םִעיִ֤נֲאיִּתְרַּ֨בִּד 16 ׃תֹוֽנָּמִהְללַ֥כּוי־אֹלןֹו֖רְסֶחְוןֹ֑קְתִללַ֣כּוי־אֹלתָּ֖וֻעְמ 15 ׃ַחּוֽרתּו֥עְרּולֶבֶ֖הלֹּ֛כַההֵּ֥נִהְוׁשֶמָּׁ֑שַהּוׂ֖שֲעַּנֶֽׁשםיִׂ֔שֲעַּמַֽה־לָּכ־תֶא֙יִתיִ֙אָר 14 ׃ֹוּֽבתֹו֥נֲעַלםָ֖דָאָהיֵ֥נְבִלםיִ֛הֹלֱאןַ֧תָנעָ֗רןַ֣יְנִע׀אּו֣הםִיָ֑מָּׁשַהתַחַּ֣תהָׂ֖שֲעַנרֶׁ֥שֲא־לָּכלַ֛עהָ֔מְכָחַּֽב֙רּותָלְוׁשֹו֤רְדִליִּ֗בִל־תֶאיִּתַ֣תָנְו 13 ׃םִָֽלָׁשּוריִּבלֵ֖אָרְׂשִי־לַעְךֶלֶ֛מיִתיִ֥יָהתֶלֶ֗הֹקיִ֣נֲא 12 פ ׃הָֽנֹרֲחַאָלּו֖יְהִּיֶׁשםִ֥עןֹו֔רָּכִז֙םֶהָלהֶ֤יְהִי־אֹֽלּו֗יְהִּיֶׁשםיִ֜נֹרֲחַאָלםַ֨גְוםיִ֑נֹׁשאִרָלןֹו֖רְכִז ןיֵ֥א 11 ׃ּונֵֽנָפְּלם׃ וא %9מר תי $אLני בלBבי כמק'רה %הכסיל %גם$־אני יקרני וOלמה 3 %לכל ז +מן ו #עת לכל־ חפץ %#ת%חת 2 ח 8%כמתי $אני אז יו +תר וד %ברתי בלבי ש%גם־ השמים׃ ס #עת ל לדת ו עת ל+מות עת 3 16 זה הבל׃ כZי 9אין זכOרון לח 8כם עם־%הכ סיל ל%ט%עת ו עת %ל$ע#קור נטו%ע׃ 'עת %ל$הרוג ו עת לעו +לם בשכXבר %הי 'מים %הבאים %הכל נש כח 4 17 לרפוא #עת לפרוץ ו #עת לבנות׃ 'עת ו 8איך י#מות הח כם עם־%הכ סיל׃ ושנא תי לבכות ו עת לשחוק #עת ספוד ו #עת 5 את־ %ה%חיים כי %'רע ע %לי %ה%מ$ע שה ש%נ$ע שה רקוד׃ \עת ל%הש ליך $אבנים ו עת כנוס %ת%חת %ה +שמש כי־%ה#כל הבל ור#עות 18 $אב+נים עת %ל$חבוק ו עת לר#חק 6 רוח׃ וש'נא תי $א ני את־כל־$עמ לי ש$א#ני מ%ח בק׃ 'עת ל%בקש ו עת ל%אבד #עת ע מל %ת%חת %ה +שמש ש%אני חנו לאדם שיה#יה 7 19 לשמור ו #עת ל%הש ליך׃ 'עת לקרו %ע ו עת %א$חרי׃ ו מי יו Bד%ע הח 'כם יהיה או ס כל 8 לתפור #עת %ל$חשות ו #עת ל%ד בר׃ 'עת ויש%לט בכל־$עמ לי שע %#מלתי ושח %כמתי Q Marks a place where we agree with BHQ against BHS 20 %ת%חת %ה +שמש %גם־זה הבל׃ ו%ס#בו תי $אני .in reading L ל%י אש את־ל +בי %\על כל־ הע מל שע %מלתי .n Marks an anomalous form v We read one or more vowels in L differently from BHS. Ecclesiastes 3 2 Ecclesiastes 3 The Westminster Leningrad Codex לNאהב ו עת לשנא
Load more

Recommended publications
  • The Current State of Masoretic Studies*
    SEFARAD, vol. 73:2, julio-diciembre 2013, págs. 423-458 ISSN: 0037-0894, doi: 10.3989/sefarad.013.015 ESTADO DE LA CUESTIÓN The Current State of Masoretic Studies* Elvira Martín Contreras** ILC-CCHS, CSIC, Madrid The foundation of the International Organization of Masoretic Studies (IOMS) in 1972 was a turning point in the studies on Masorah. Since then, Masoretic studies have undergone a true renaissance. The publications on Masoretic issues have proliferated, and the importance of the Masorah for the study of the text of the Hebrew Bible has been stressed in numerous reviews. This brief survey presents the evolution of Masoretic stu- dies, the main research lines and achievements, and some of the most relevant works in the last forty years. KEYWORDS: Masorah; Ketib-Qere; Grammar; Hebrew Bible Text. ESTADO DE LA CUESTIÓN DE LOS ESTUDIOS MASORÉTICOS.— La creación de la International Organization of Masoretic Studies (IOMS) en 1972 supuso un punto de inflexión en los estudios sobre Masora. Desde entonces, los estudios masoréticos han experimentado un auténtico renacer. Las publicaciones sobre temas masoréticos han proliferado y la impor- tancia de la Masora para el estudio del texto de la Biblia Hebrea ha sido resaltada en nu- merosas reseñas. Esta breve panorámica ofrece la evolución de los estudios masoréticos, sus principales líneas de investigación y logros, así como los trabajos más significativos de los últimos cuarenta años. PALABRAS CLAVE: Masora; ketib-qere; gramática; texto de la Biblia hebrea. Last year marked the 40th anniversary of the creation of the International Organization of Masoretic Studies (IOMS) by Prof. Harry Orlinsky brin- ging together all the modern “Masoretes” and enabling work in this field.
    [Show full text]
  • Tanakh Versus Old Testament
    Tanakh versus Old Testament What is the Tanakh? The Tanakh (also known as the Hebrew Bible) was originally written in Hebrew with a few passages in Aramaic. The Tanakh is divided into three sections – Torah (Five Books of Moshe), Nevi’im (Prophets), and Ketuvim (Writings). The Torah is made up of five books that were given to Moshe directly from God after the Exodus from Mitzrayim. The Torah was handed down through the successive generations from the time of Moshe. The Torah includes the creation of the earth and the first humans, the Great Flood and the covenant with the gentiles, the Hebrew enslavement and Exodus of the Hebrews from Mitzrayim, giving of the Torah, renewal of Covenant given to Avraham, establishment of the festivals, wandering through the desert, the Mishkan, Ark, and Priestly duties, and the death of Moshe. The Nevi’im covers the time period from the death of Moshe through the Babylonian exile and contains 19 books. The Nevi’im includes the time of the Hebrews entering Eretz Yisrael, the conquest of Yericho, the conquest of Eretz Yisrael and its division among the tribes, the judicial system, Era of Shaul and David, Shlomo’s wisdom and the construction of the First Beit HaMikdash, kings of Yisrael and Yehuda, prophecy, messianic prophecies, and the Babylonian exile. The Ketuvim covers the period after the return from the Babylonian exile and contains 11 books. The Ketuvim is made up of various writings that do not have an overall theme. This section of the Tanakh includes poems and songs, the stories of Iyov, Rut, and Ester, the writings and prophecies of Dani’el, and the history of the kings of Yisrael and Yehuda.
    [Show full text]
  • Doublet Catchwords in the Leningrad Codex
    1 1 Doublet Catchwords in the Leningrad Codex David Marcus Jewish Theological Seminary ABSTRACT One of the most remarkable features of the Masoretic notes in the Leningrad Codex (L) which up till now have never been published, are the catchwords which are attached to many Masorah parva (Mp) doublet notes. Most Mp doublet notes are simply marked by the numeral bO “two,” which indicates that an identical word or phrase occurs somewhere else in the Hebrew Bible (HB). The reader is given no indication as to where that parallel doublet might occur. However, a special group of over 500 doublets have catchwords attached to the numeral indicating in what specific verse the parallel doublet occurs. In effect, the catchwords serve as memory aids explicitly reminding the reader where the second form of the parallel doublet is to be found. These catchwords are written in the margins of L but surprisingly were never included in previous editions of Biblia Hebraica (neither in BHK3 nor in BHS). They will be published in the new BHQ, the first fascicles of which are in print but, until the culmination of BHQ, the complete list of catchwords are offered here in print for the first time. The list contains 504 catchwords and their parallel references. It also includes all Masoretic notes at the parallel references, including those which have larger Masorah magna (Mm) notes. The Introduction analyzes these Mp catchwords, discusses their location in the various books, how they are used, their relationship with the Mm notes, and their possible practical usages for biblical studies.
    [Show full text]
  • Biblia Hebraica Stuttgartensia – the Standard Edition of the Hebrew Bible Used by Pastors and Scholars
    Chapter 36 Lecture Roadmap 36-1 BHS & BHQ & Reader’s Hebrew Bible Accents & Pausal Forms Masoretic Notes Text-Critical Notes How to Prepare a Passage HebrewSyntax.org ©JCBeckman 3/26/2012 Copy freely CC BY-NC-SA BHS & BHQ 36-2 BHS – Biblia Hebraica Stuttgartensia – The standard edition of the Hebrew Bible used by pastors and scholars. – Produced by the German Bible Society in Stuttgart BHQ – Biblia Hebraica Quinta (= ‘Fifth’) – Produced by the German Bible Society in Stuttgart – Set to supplant BHS when finished in 2020 HebrewSyntax.org ©JCBeckman 3/26/2012 Copy freely CC BY-NC-SA You and Your BHS 36-3 Small print and large print editions – Exact same contents and page numbers – Different size font and paper Cover your BHS with clear contact paper HebrewSyntax.org ©JCBeckman 3/26/2012 Copy freely CC BY-NC-SA What BHS Has 36-4 Consonants, vowels, and accents from the Leningrad Codex – The oldest complete Hebrew Bible – AD 1009 – An example of the Masoretic Text “MT” Masoretic notes and paragraph marks combined from many manuscripts Text-critical notes by modern scholars, written in abbreviated Latin HebrewSyntax.org ©JCBeckman 3/26/2012 Copy freely CC BY-NC-SA What BHQ Has 36-5 The same sorts of things as BHS: – Some corrections to the text to more closely follow the actual Leningrad Codex. – The Masora and paragraph marks are from the Leningrad Codex alone, not from a compilation. – Revised text-critical notes, in abbreviated English Includes commentaries in English on: – Textual witnesses – Text-critical problems – Masoretic notes HebrewSyntax.org ©JCBeckman 3/26/2012 Copy freely CC BY-NC-SA What A Reader’s Hebrew Bible (RHB) Has 36-6 Full text of BHS – Some corrections to the text to more closely follow the actual Leningrad Codex.
    [Show full text]
  • AE Living Hebrew Bible 2.16.20
    The Living, Material Bible: A Module on the History of the Hebrew Bible Jonathan Homrighausen1 This module aims to introduce students in an undergraduate Hebrew Bible survey course to the questions of scribal practices and material scripture.2 This assumes no knowledge of Hebrew. It was designed and taught for a two class sessions of a semester-long course that meets for 75 minutes each class. However, it can easily be adapted for other courses in biblical studies or Jewish studies, or expanded for upper-division or graduate courses. This module also draws inspiration from a forum in Teaching Theology & Religion on “teaching the materiality of scripture” and a module designed by Michael Freeman engaging similar questions regarding ancient Greek papyri.3 The goals of this module: • Relate biblical manuscripts to the complexities of the scribal transmission of the Hebrew Bible in different eras, its relation to textual criticism, and the concept that “the Bible” is not a static, unchanging, or perfectly transmitted entity, but constantly in flux; • Engage biblical manuscripts as windows into the materiality of scripture, or the entire life of a manuscript, often referred to as manuscript culture: their users’ religious and cultural lives, including the uses of manuscripts, the context of region and time period, the scribal practices used to create manuscripts, and the ritual uses of religious codices and scrolls; • Gain familiarity with the collections and archives of the David M. Rubenstein Rare Book & Manuscript library. Before beginning this module, students will already have read essays from The Jewish Study Bible (2nd ed.) which supply a broad background: • Emanuel Tov, “Textual Criticism” (pp.
    [Show full text]
  • A Rare Torah in the Library of Congress Gary A
    COURTESY OF THE HEBRAIC SECTION, AFRICAN AND MIDDLE EAST DIVISION, LIBRARY OF CONGRESS CONGRESS OF OF LIBRARY LIBRARY DIVISION, DIVISION, EAST EAST MIDDLE MIDDLE AND AND AFRICAN AFRICAN SECTION, SECTION, HEBRAIC HEBRAIC THE THE OF OF COURTESY COURTESY 46 NOVEMBER/DECEMBER 2019 A Rare Torah in the Library of Congress Gary A. Rendsburg In January 2018, the Library of Congress announced that it had obtained a c. 1,000-year-old Torah scroll sheet. What makes this Torah scroll sheet so important? Where is it from? And how did it reach the halls of the de facto national library of the United States? Here is the story, though fi rst some background. As readers of BAR know, in ancient Israel and during the Greco- Roman period, biblical books were written on scrolls, made either from papyrus (in the earlier period) or from parchment (in the later period). Our most important testimony, of course, stems from the more than 200 biblical manuscripts found amongst the Dead Sea Scrolls at Qumran, dated from the third through fi rst centuries B.C.E. In the scroll format, the text was written on only one side of the available writing surface, what we may call the inside surface. With the rise of Christianity, the written text took a new form, the codex, the forerunner of the modern book. In this format, the text was written on both sides of the parchment sheet, and then the sheets were piled one on top of the other and sewn together—again, consider the modern book. The most famous exemplar is probably Codex Sinaiticus,* a complete (or nearly so) manuscript of the Greek Bible (including both * See “Who Owns the Codex Sinaiticus?” BAR, November/December 2007.
    [Show full text]
  • The Composition of the Book of Psalms
    92988_Zenger_vrwrk 28-06-2010 11:55 Pagina V BIBLIOTHECA EPHEMERIDUM THEOLOGICARUM LOVANIENSIUM CCXXXVIII THE COMPOSITION OF THE BOOK OF PSALMS EDITED BY ERICH ZENGER UITGEVERIJ PEETERS LEUVEN – PARIS – WALPOLE, MA 2010 92988_Zenger_vrwrk 28-06-2010 11:55 Pagina IX INHALTSVERZEICHNIS VORWORT . VII EINFÜHRUNG . 1 HAUPTVORTRÄGE Erich ZENGER (Münster) Psalmenexegese und Psalterexegese: Eine Forschungsskizze . 17 Jean-Marie AUWERS (Louvain-la-Neuve) Le Psautier comme livre biblique: Édition, rédaction, fonction 67 Susan E. GILLINGHAM (Oxford) The Levitical Singers and the Editing of the Hebrew Psalter . 91 Klaus SEYBOLD (Basel) Dimensionen und Intentionen der Davidisierung der Psalmen: Die Rolle Davids nach den Psalmenüberschriften und nach dem Septuagintapsalm 151 . 125 Hans Ulrich STEYMANS (Fribourg) Le psautier messianique – une approche sémantique . 141 Frank-Lothar HOSSFELD (Bonn) Der elohistische Psalter Ps 42–83: Entstehung und Programm 199 Yair ZAKOVITCH (Jerusalem) The Interpretative Significance of the Sequence of Psalms 111–112.113–118.119 . 215 Friedhelm HARTENSTEIN (Hamburg) „Schaffe mir Recht, JHWH!“ (Psalm 7,9): Zum theologischen und anthropologischen Profil der Teilkomposition Psalm 3–14 229 William P. BROWN (Decatur, GA) “Here Comes the Sun!”: The Metaphorical Theology of Psalms 15–24 . 259 Bernd JANOWSKI (Tübingen) Ein Tempel aus Worten: Zur theologischen Architektur des Psalters . 279 92988_Zenger_vrwrk 28-06-2010 11:55 Pagina X X INHALTSVERZEICHNIS SEMINARE Harm VAN GROL (Utrecht) David and His Chasidim: Place and Function of Psalms 138–145 . 309 Jacques TRUBLET (Paris) Approche canonique des Psaumes du Hallel . 339 Brian DOYLE (Leuven) Where Is God When You Need Him Most? The Divine Metaphor of Absence and Presence as a Binding Element in the Composition of the Book of Psalms .
    [Show full text]
  • An Introduction to the Faraboveall Translation of the Bible
    An Introduction to the FarAboveAll Translation of the Bible An English Translation alongside the Original Languages Part 2: Introduction to the Old Testament / Tanakh Translation Graham G Thomason An Introduction to the FarAboveAll Translation of the Bible An English Translation alongside the Original Languages Part 2: Introduction to the Old Testament / Tanakh Translation Graham G Thomason First made available in December 2014 This edition: 31 May 2021 To go with Translation Version 0.31 and Westminster Leningrad Codex version 4.18 ii Acknowledgments Thanks are due to: • Staff at the Groves Center, and all predecessors in the work, for making the Hebrew and Aramaic text of the Westminster Leningrad Codex available in digital form. • Lyn Rhodes for her review and Fiona Allison and Lydia Aldridge for their corrections, and many friends who have offered encouragement at various times. Graham Thomason. iii Contents 1. Summary ............................................................................................................................................. 1 2. Copyright ............................................................................................................................................ 1 3. About the Source Texts and Translation ............................................................................................. 2 3.1 The Text ....................................................................................................................................... 2 3.2 The Translation ...........................................................................................................................
    [Show full text]
  • The Code of Esther: a Counter- Investigation
    129 The Code of Esther: A Counter- Investigation By: EMMANUEL BLOCH Does the Book of Esther contain a hidden prophetic allusion to the Nu- remberg trial? Might the execution of ten Nazi high dignitaries curiously echo the hanging of the ten sons of the villain Haman in Megillat Esther, despite the twenty-four centuries separating these two events? Such has been the claim repeated for many years in some religious circles. To provide a brief overview: at the end of the Book of Esther, the queen makes a surprising request that the sons of Haman be hanged “tomorrow” (9:12); but they had already been killed in previous fights (9:7-10), so why this strange hanging of enemies already dead? The mys- tery thickens with another curiosity of the biblical text: letters of unusual size in the Megillah, three smaller (shin, tav and zayin) and a larger one (vav); what could they mean? All would finally be enlightened by a numerical reading of the unu- sual letters. Small letters refer to the year 707 and the large vav refers to the sixth millennium, thus 5707 since the creation of the world, or 1946 according to the Christian calendar. In other words, the year of the Nu- remberg trial. The parallels between Purim’s account and Nuremberg’s trial seem disturbing: in both cases, the number of executions was the same—ten. In both cases, the mode of execution was the same— hanging. Moreover, the day of execution, October 16, 1946, fell on the day of Hoshanah Rabbah, identified by Jewish tradition as a day of judgment.
    [Show full text]
  • The Text of the Old Testament
    THE TEXT OF THE OLD TESTAMENT John D. Meade Phoenix Seminary WHAT ARE SOME SCHOLARS SAYING? • To be candid: before the Bible, there was no Bible. Before the beginning of the second century CE, there were Jewish Scriptures whose forms were still in flux and many scriptures were excluded in the finalization of the Hebrew Bible. Prior to the second century there was no way of knowing which scriptural books would be included within the collection and which would be left out; nor was there any way of knowing how the final version of the individual books would appear.” — Timothy Michael Law, When God Spoke Greek, p. 19 LAW CONTINUED “We have seen repeatedly that the Septuagint and especially the Dead Sea Scrolls offer proof that the Hebrew Bible was not fixed before the second century CE and, perhaps more surprisingly, that many readers and users of scriptural texts before then were not bothered about it.” – Michael Law, When God Spoke Greek, p. 78 CLASSIFICATION OF DSS AT QUMRAN (TOV 2012) Proto-MT Pre- Close to Non- Samaritan LXX aligned Torah MSS 48% 11% 2% 39% Rest of MSS 44% 7% 49% Tov categorizes 57 texts from Qumran (38.77 percent of the biblical-DSS) as non-aligned (Scribal Practices, 332–35). A non-aligned text is defined by Tov as a text that is inconsistent in its agreement with the MT, LXX, and SP while preserving unique readings; thus the OT text is fluid. HOW WELL PRESERVED IS THE HEBREW OLD TESTAMENT? • Tov’s analysis of the so-called “non-aligned texts” leads many to believe that the Old Testament Text was fluid before it was finally standardized in the early second century AD.
    [Show full text]
  • 17. Compositional Structure of Ecclesiastes1
    1 17. Compositional Structure of Ecclesiastes1 The key to the compositional structure of this book may be found in the positioning of its mathematic centre. Having determined the centre, one can explore the text from this point on backwards and forwards to ascertain the seams of the composition. In terms of the 2987 words of the entire text, the centre is to be found in 6:9b: ‘this too is futility and a chasing of wind’ 1:1-6:9a 1491 words v. 9b 5 words 2987 words altogether 6:10-12:14 1491 words This centre is positioned at the interface of the two equal halves of the book, more precisely at the end of the first half, because its 222 verses divide into 111 + 111 1:1 – 6:9 111 (3x37) verses 1496 (88x17) words 6:10 – 12:14 111 (3x37) verses 1491 words. This means that the last 5 words of the fist half constitute the mathematic centre, a construction which has an exact parallel in Psalm 119 and Third Isaiah! See my analysis of Psalm 119, especially footnote 1. Therefore, we may conclude that v. 9b constitutes the mathematical centre of the book as a whole. It is indeed a most appropriate middle, fully deserving the qualification ‘meaningful centre’. As a matter of fact, it expresses the gist of the book’s message in a nutshell. The number of verses (222) is a multiple of 37 (6x37), the numerical value of , ‘futility’(5+2+30=37). Duane Christensen regards 2,1-11,6 as the ‘inner frame’ of the book (in a private communication).
    [Show full text]
  • Studying the Bible: the Tanakh and Early Christian Writings
    Kansas State University Libraries New Prairie Press NPP eBooks Monographs 2019 Studying the Bible: The Tanakh and Early Christian Writings Gregory Eiselein Kansas State University Anna Goins Kansas State University Naomi J. Wood Kansas State University Follow this and additional works at: https://newprairiepress.org/ebooks Part of the Biblical Studies Commons This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-Noncommercial 4.0 License Recommended Citation Eiselein, Gregory; Goins, Anna; and Wood, Naomi J., "Studying the Bible: The Tanakh and Early Christian Writings" (2019). NPP eBooks. 29. https://newprairiepress.org/ebooks/29 This Book is brought to you for free and open access by the Monographs at New Prairie Press. It has been accepted for inclusion in NPP eBooks by an authorized administrator of New Prairie Press. For more information, please contact [email protected]. Studying the Bible: The Tanakh and Early Christian Writings Gregory Eiselein, Anna Goins, and Naomi J. Wood Kansas State University Copyright © 2019 Gregory Eiselein, Anna Goins, and Naomi J. Wood New Prairie Press, Kansas State University Libraries Manhattan, Kansas Cover design by Anna Goins Cover image by congerdesign, CC0 https://pixabay.com/photos/book-read-bible-study-notes-write-1156001/ Electronic edition available online at: http://newprairiepress.org/ebooks This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-Non-Commercial 4.0 International (CC-BY NC 4.0) License http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/ Publication of Studying the Bible: The Tanakh and Early Christian Writings was funded in part by the Kansas State University Open/Alternative Textbook Initiative, which is supported through Student Centered Tuition Enhancement Funds and K-State Libraries.
    [Show full text]