RESEARCH BIBLIOGRAPHY: AUDIO/VIDEO RECORDING IN THE TRIAL COURT 1

I. LITERATURE REVIEWS.

Burgalassi, Anthony J. “Videotaping in the Courtroom; Selective Bibliography with References to State Rules and Statutes.” 45 Record of the Association of the Bar of the City of New York 978 (December 1990).

Hewitt, William E. Video Court Reporting: A Bibliography of Recent Information Sources: Final Report. Williamsburg, VA: National Center for State Courts, 1991. NCSC-128

Lovko, Rae and Susan Myers. Memorandum: Literature Review of Electronic Court Reporting Methods. Williamsburg, VA: Information Service, National Center for State Courts,1994. Ref. No. S94.0083. http://www.ncsc.dni.us/is/MEMOS/Archives/S94-0083.htm

Lowe, Robert A. A Literature Search and Analysis of Evaluations of Alternative Court Reporting Technologies: Final Report. North Andover, MA: National Center for State Courts, Northeastern Regional Office, 1988. NERO-225

II. COURT STUDIES.

Advisory Committee on the Implementation of Electronic Reporting in Vermont's Trial Courts. Dissenting Report to the Vermont : Electronic Reporting of Trial Court Proceedings. [Vermont : s.n.], 1993.

Advisory Committee on the Implementation of Electronic Reporting in Vermont’s Trial Courts. Report to the : Electronic Reporting of Trial Court Proceedings. [Vermont?], 1993.

Alternate Court Reporting Techniques for Connecticut. North Andover, MA: National Center for State Courts, Northeastern Regional Office, 1979. NERO-031

Coleman, Genevieve V. The Impact of Video Use on Court Function - A Summary of Current Research and Practice. Washington, DC: Federal Judicial Center, 1977.

Coopers and Lybrand. A Review of the Federal Judicial Center’s Evaluation of Stenographic and Audiotape Methods for United States District Court Reporting. New York: Coopers and Lybrand, 1983.

Evaluation of the New Hampshire Combined Use of Reporting Technologies Pilot Project. Williamsburg, VA: National Center for State Courts, 1997.

Frye, Judith and Tom Targos. An Evaluation of Transcription Technology: Wisconsin Circuit Courts. Madison, WI: State of Wisconsin, Legislative Audit Bureau, 1994.

Geddes, Mark G., et al. Nebraska Court Reporting Project - Final Report. St. Paul, MN: National Center for State Courts, North Central Regional Office, 1975. MAB-074

Greenwood, J. Michael. Assessment of Audio Recording System for the North Dakota Supreme Court. Denver, CO: National Center for State Courts, 1975. MAB-018

Greenwood, J. Michael. Evaluation of Audio Recording in the Masters and Chancery Courts: Maryland's Seventh Judicial Circuit. Washington, DC: Criminal Courts Technical Assistance Project, Washington College of Law, 1974. MAB-047

Superior Court Law Library April 2002 RESEARCH BIBLIOGRAPHY: AUDIO/VIDEO RECORDING IN THE TRIAL COURT 2

Greenwood, J. Michael., et al. A Comparative Evaluation of Stenographic and Audio Tape Methods for United States District Court Reporting. Washington, DC: Federal Judicial Center, 1983.

Greenwood, J. Michael and Francis Taillefer. Hawaii Guidebook for Videotaping: Prepared for Office of the Administrative Director of the Courts. San Francisco: National Center for State Courts, Western Regional Office, c1975. WRO-004

Greenwood, J. Michael. and Jerry R. Tollar. An Evaluation of a Proposed Electronic Transcription System for the Nineteenth Judicial District in Baton Rouge, Louisiana. [Denver, CO]: National Center for State Courts, 1974. MAB-046

Illinois Administrative Office of the Courts. Illinois - Report of The Supreme Court Committee on Videotaping Court Proceedings. Rockville, MD: National Institute of Justice, 1974.

Karlen, Delmar. Court Reporting: Lessons from Alaska and Australia. Denver, CO: National Center for State Courts, 1974. R-010

Lippman, Hon. Jonathan. Report of the Chief Administrative Judge to the New York State Legislature, the Governor, and the Chief Judge on the Effect of Electronic Recording in the State Court System. [Albany?]: Office of Court Administration, 1997.

Lowe, Robert A. Evaluating the Use of Videotape for Making the Record of Proceedings in the Michigan Circuit Courts for the Sixth and Ninth Judicial Circuits: Technical Assistance Report. North Andover, MA: National Center for State Courts, Northeastern Regional Office, 1988. NERO,T/A-553

Maher, James R. Do Video Transcripts Affect the Scope of Appellate Review? An Evaluation in the Kentucky Court of Appeals: A Technical Assistance Report. Andover, MA: Northeastern Regional Office, National Center for State Courts, 1990. NERO, T/A-559

Milonas, E. Leo. Report of the Chief Administrative Judge to the NYS Legislature, the Governor and the Chief Judge on the Effect of Electronic Recording of Judicial Proceedings in the Court of Claims and Surrogate's Court. [Albany?]: Office of Court Administration, 1995. http://www.courts.state.ny.us/!er1995.pdf

Minnesota CIC Evaluation Committee. Video Recording and the Computer-Integrated Courtroom: An Evaluation of Two Court Reporting Technologies, Prepared for the Minnesota Court of Appeals. January 1992.

Monahan, Beatrice P. and David C. Steelman. Assessment of Current and Alternative Methods of Court Reporting in the Ninth Judicial Circuit Court, Orlando, Florida. Williamsburg, VA: National Center for State Courts, Southeastern Regional Office, 1987. SERO-037

Monahan, Beatrice P. and David C. Steelman. Supplemental Report on Electronic and Stenographic Court Reporting to the Orange County Commission, Orlando, Florida. Williamsburg, VA: National Center for State Courts, Southeastern Regional Office, 1988. SERO-036

Patterson, Lizbeth L. Transition from Audiotapes to Digital Recording Technology in the Federal Immigration Courts. Williamsburg, VA: Institute for Court Management, Court Executive Development Program, Phase III Project, 2000.

Polansky Larry, P. and Lee Barthlow. Audio Recording in the Superior Court of the District of Columbia. [Williamsburg, VA]: National Center for State Courts, 1982. PRS-026

Superior Court Law Library April 2002 RESEARCH BIBLIOGRAPHY: AUDIO/VIDEO RECORDING IN THE TRIAL COURT 3

Saari, David J. Computer-Aided Transcription Pilot Project: Final Evaluation Report, Prepared for the State of Florida. Tallahassee, FL: Office of the State Courts Administrator, 1988.

Shapard, John E. Recommendations Regarding Use of Court-Owned Videotape Equipment in Court Litigation. Washington, DC: Federal Judicial Center, 1984.

Short, Ernest H., et al. Selection of a Court Reporting Method for the District Courts of Oregon. [Denver, CO]: National Center for State Courts, 1973. R-0003

Steelman, David C. Evaluating the Use of Videotape for Making the Record of Proceedings in the Michigan Circuit Courts for the Sixth and Ninth Judicial Circuits, Technical Assistance Report. North Andover, MA: National Center for State Courts, Northeastern Regional Office, 1988. NERO,T/A-553

Steelman, David C. and Beatrice P. Monahan. Appraisal of Electronic Centralized Recording System in the Circuit Court of Montgomery County, Maryland. Williamsburg, VA: National Center for State Courts, Southeastern Regional Office, 1986. SERO-016

Steelman, David C. and Samuel D. Conti. An Evaluation of Kentucky’s Innovative Approach to Making a Videotape Record of Trial Court Proceedings. North Andover, MA: National Center for State Courts, Northeastern Regional Office, 1985. NERO-163

Steelman, David C., William K. Slate and William E. Hewitt. Proposed Criteria and Methodology for Evaluation of Court Reporting Alternatives in the Province of Ontario. Williamsburg, VA: National Center for State Courts, 1993. CS-005

Stienstra, Donna et al. Digital Audio Recording Technology: A Report on a Pilot Project in Twelve Federal Courts. Washington, DC: Federal Judicial Center, 1999.

Stuart, Kenneth K. Evaluation of the Computer-Integrated Courtroom: Report to Kim Morse, Acting State Court Administrator, State of Colorado (1992).

Superior Court of Delaware. Administrative Directive of The President Judge of The Superior Court of The State of Delaware, No. 2001-1. Strategic Plan For Making The Court's Record. http://courts.state.de.us/superior/docs/Administrative%20Directive%202001-1.pdf

III. EVALUATIONS.

Chapper, J. Application of Video Technology. Washington, DC: U.S. Department of Justice, 1987.

Greenwood, J. Michael et al. Audio/Video Technology and the Courts: Guide for Court Managers. Denver, CO: National Center for State Courts, 1977. R-034

Greenwood, J. Michael, Ernest H. Short and Nancy B. Elkind. Multi-track Voice Writing: An Evaluation of a New Court Reporting Technique. [Denver, CO]: National Center for State Courts, 1973. R-007

Haynes, H. Paul et al. An Assessment of the ‘Courtroom of the Future’ Pilot Installations: A Report to the National Shorthand Reporters Association. Washington, DC: EMT Associates, 1988.

Haynes, H. Paul. The New Millennium Court Reporting, the Computer-Integrated Courtroom and the Future.

Superior Court Law Library April 2002 RESEARCH BIBLIOGRAPHY: AUDIO/VIDEO RECORDING IN THE TRIAL COURT 4

Vienna, VA: National Court Reporters Foundation, c1997.

Hewitt. William E. Video Court Reporting: A Primer for Trial and Appellate Court Judges. Williamsburg, VA: National Center for State Courts, 1991.

Hewitt. William E. Video Court Reporting: A Review of Recording Systems and Vendors. Williamsburg, VA: National Center for State Courts, 1991.

Hewitt, William E. Videotaped Trial Records: Evaluation and Guide. Williamsburg, VA: National Center for State Courts, 1990.

Hewitt, William E. and Jill Berman Levy. Computer Aided Transcription: Current Technology and Court Applications. Williamsburg, VA: National Center for State Courts, c1994. R-154

Justice Research Institute. Court Reporting Technologies: A Cost Benefit Analysis and Qualitative Assessment. Philadelphia, PA: Justice Research Institute, 1992.

Kingsbury, D. Corrigan. Potential Uses of Court Related Video Recording. Washington, DC: U.S. Department of Justice, 1972.

Michels, M. Janice and William E. Hewitt. Video Court Reporting: Tips for Court Managers: Final Report. Williamsburg, VA: National Center for State Courts, 1991. NCSC-127

Nelson, Ric. The Cost Effective Electronic Recording System. [Williamsburg, VA]: National Center for State Courts, 1983. PRS-042

New York (State). Deptartment of Audit and Control. Division of Management AuditCourt Reporters: An Opportunity to Save Taxpayers Millions of Dollars Annually. [Albany, NY]: State of New York, Office of the State Comptroller, Division of Management Audit, 1992. Report 92-S-12.

New York (State). Legislature. Assembly. Standing Committee on the Judiciary. Public Hearing, the Use of Electronic Recording (Mechanical Recording) in the Trial Courts of New York. Brooklyn, NY: EN-DE Reporting Services, 1997. http://nysdocs.nysed.gov/scandocs1.asp?oclc=44439202

North Carolina. Office of the State Auditor. Performance Audit of the Court Reporting Function in the Judicial System of North Carolina. [Raleigh, NC]: Office of the State Auditor, 1996.

Reducing Court Recording Cost. [Williamsburg, VA]: National Center for State Courts, 1983. PRS-044

Resource Planning Corporation. Analysis of the Federal Judicial Center’s Evaluation of Stenographic and Audiotape Methods of United States District Court Reporting. Prepared for National Shorthand Reporters Association and United States Court Reporters Association. Washington, DC: Resource Planning Corporation, 1983.

Richmond, J. C. Courtroom of the Future - Court Related Use of Videotape Recordings. Washington, DC: U.S. Department of Commerce, National Bureau of Standards, 1976.

Robertson, Elizabeth M. Juror Response to Prerecorded Videotape Trials: Prepared for National Institute of Law Enforcement and Criminal Justice, Law Enforcement Assistance Administration, U.S. Department of Justice. Washington, DC: U.S. Department of Commerce, National Bureau of Standards, Law Enforcement Standards

Superior Court Law Library April 2002 RESEARCH BIBLIOGRAPHY: AUDIO/VIDEO RECORDING IN THE TRIAL COURT 5

Laboratory, 1979.

Rubin, Carl B., et al. Modernizing Trial Techniques and Management: Audio-Visual Testimony. Cincinnati, OH: United States Court of Appeals, 6th Circuit, 1972.

Short, Ernest H. and Miles N. Ruthberg. Technology and Management in Court Reporting Systems. Denver, CO: National Center for State Courts, 1973. MAB-121

Taillefer, Francis J., et al. Video Support in the Criminal Courts. Denver, CO: National Center for State Courts, Denver Project Office, 1974. MAB-128; R-0008

IV. NEWS ARTICLES.

Andersen, Kurt W. “Coming Attractions: Videotaping Arrives in Allegheny Cty. Courtrooms.” 17 Pennsylvania Law Weekly 10 (May 2, 1994).

Borchmann, Phil. “Courts Try Electronic Recording of Trials; System Being Tested to Replace Reporters.” Chicago Tribune 1 (June 25, 1999).

Blum, Andrew. “Videotaping Project Criticized in Ky.; a Problem with Appeals.” 11 National Law Journal 3 (July 24, 1989).

Bott, Rachelle. “Recorder in the Court: Kanawha Judges Test Audio-Video Equipment.” Charleston Gazette & Daily Mail P1C (November 23, 2001).

Chambers, Aaron. “Historic County Courthouse Gets Wired to Future.” 145 Chicago Daily Law Bulletin 1 (November 26, 1999).

Cox, Gail Diane. “Advocacy + Automation = Computerized Transcripts.” 11 National Law Journal (May 15, 1989).

“For the Record (Mechanical Recording vs. Court Reporters).” 129 New Jersey Law Journal 14 (November 28, 1991).

Gamble-Risley, Michelle. “A Smart Tool for Modern Courtrooms.” Government Technology (October 1996). http://www.govtech.net/magazine/gt/1996/oct/oct1996-jandt/oct1996-jandt.phtml

Goldberg, Josh. “Another Jurisdiction Trims Court Reporters in Civil Cases.” 145 Chicago Daily Law Bulletin 1 (January 28, 1999).

Goldberg, Josh. “DuPage County Trying Out Digital-Age Court Reporting.” 145 Chicago Daily Law Bulletin 1 (May 17, 1999).

Goldberg, Josh. “State-of-the-Art Court-Reporting System on Trial in DuPage County.” 145 Chicago Daily Law Bulletin 1 (April 24, 1999).

Goodrich, Robert. “Circuit Court Will Get New Recording System; Change Will Make Record Keeping Better, Judge Says; Specialists Will be Hired.” St. Louis Post-Dispatch 1 (January 21, 2002).

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Greene, Donna. “To Record, Not Just Report, in Court.” New York Times WC1 (June 20, 1999).

Hanley, Robert. “A Courtroom Experiment in High-Tech Video.” New York Times B8 (November 26, 1992).

Hanna, Janan. “DuPage Court Reporting Nears Electronic Era.” Chicago Tribune 2D2 (December 9, 1998).

Hussain, Rummana. “Courtroom Reporters See Audio as Threat: 19th Circuit Uses Digital Recording as Well as Stenos.” Chicago Tribune 4MC1 (May 6, 2001).

Jacobs, Margaret A. “Stenographers Fight for Their Day (Jobs) in Court.” Wall Street Journal B1 (April 30, 1999).

Jacobson, Susan. “New Courthouse Has ‘Bugs’ Some Fear; For the Record Will Record Private Talks Too.” Osceola Sentinel 1 (May 19, 2001).

Lasker, Adam W. “Lake County Caught Between Court Reporter Shortage, New System.” 147 Chicago Daily Law Bulletin (September 18, 2001).

Leeson, Eric. “Utah Tries Video.” Government Technology (April 1996). http://www.govtech.net/magazine/gt/1996/apr/jandtapr/jandtapr.phtml

Louwagie, Pam. “New ‘Toys’ in U.S. Court? Sustained.” Star-Tribune (Minneapolis-St. Paul) 1B (July 9, 2001).

Marcus, Ruth. “End Suggested to Court Reporter Use: Tape Recorders Seen as Less Costly.” 3 National Law Journal 3 (July 27, 1981).

Marshall, Thom. “Time for a Change in Court Reporting?” Houston Chronicle A31 (September 1, 2000).

McDonough, Molly. “Bar Leaders Get Firsthand Look at Digital Court Reporting.” 145 Chicago Daily Law Bulletin 1 (November 15, 1999).

Miller, Brian. “Court Reporting: From Stenography to Technology: Will Court Reporters Evolve from Stenographers to Information Mangers, or be Replaced by New Technologies?” Government Technology (March 1996). http://www.govtech.net/magazine/gt/1996/mar/courts/courts.phtml

“Monmouth Bar Resolution Re: Courtroom Tape Recordings.” 107 New Jersey Law Journal 2 (January 29, 1981).

Morse, Nancy. “The Reporter Never Rests; Videotaping Program Expands; Not Everyone Happy.” 106 The Los Angeles Daily Journal B1 (February 18, 1993).

Pfeiffer, Sacha. “Court Reporters are Precious Few; Prolonged Shortage Causing Court Delays, Even Canceled Trials.” Globe B1 (October 26, 2000).

Pfeiffer, Sacha. “Court Reporting Firms' Deals Draw Fire: Partnerships Raise Ethical Issue.” Boston Globe B2 (July 29, 1999).

Ranii, David. “‘Instant Replay’ for Mistrial Motion: Iowa Judge Uses Videotape to Reconsider Decision.” 5 National Law Journal 3 (April11, 1983).

Reuben, Richard C. “Video Replaces Court Reporters in Federal Court Pilot Program.” 11 Pennsylvania Law Journal-Reporter 3 (September 26, 1988).

Superior Court Law Library April 2002 RESEARCH BIBLIOGRAPHY: AUDIO/VIDEO RECORDING IN THE TRIAL COURT 7

Riss, Suzanne. “Court Orders More Study of Tapes v. Stenos; It’s Too Early for Video, but Rush to Remove Reporters Slows.” 130 New Jersey Law Journal 3 (January 20, 1992).

Riss, Suzanne. “Videotaping Trials Is Recommended: Move Would Gradually Phase out Court Reporters.” 128 New Jersey Law Journal 1 (June 27, 1991).

Roberts, Michelle. “Courtroom Stenography Loses Ground to Tape, CDs.” Portland Oregonian E02 (April 17, 2000).

Rooney, John Flynn. “Court Reporter ‘Emergency’ Here: O’Connell.” 146 Chicago Daily Law Bulletin (June 13, 2000).

Saari, David J. “Cutting Edge Technology Enters the Courtroom.” 11 National Law Journal (September 12, 1988).

Schabath, Gene. “Courts Can’t Replace People with Cameras.” Detroit News B3 (October 8, 1990).

“Short Hand Reporters Reply to National Center Study.” 107 New Jersey Law Journal 1 (March 19, 1981).

Smythe, Maryann. “High Technology Can’t Replace Court Reporters.” The Star-Ledger (Newark) 22 (March 14, 2000).

Sowa, Tom. “Judge Switches off Courtroom Video System: County Miffed that Donohue Will Use More Expensive Court Reporter but Judge Points to Difficulties with Transcription.” The Spokesman Review B2 (May 6, 1999).

Spencer, Gary. “Electronic Court Recording Upsets Judges, Reporters.” 207 New York Law Journal 1 (April 22, 1992).

Vock, Daniel C. “Chief Justice Gets Close-Up of Courtsmart.” 146 Chicago Daily Law Bulletin 1 (November 30, 2000).

Weber, William. “Real-Time Technology Saves Time, Eases Research; Final Court Transcripts Can be Delivered in Printed Text, on Disk, by E-Mail, or Put on a Web Site After Court Adjourns for the Day.” 23 National Law Journal B15 (August 13, 2001).

Weston, Harold. “Video Cameras and Editing Machines Could Drive the Appellate Bar out of Business (Will TV Change the Courts?).” 103 Los Angeles Daily Journal 6 (October 18, 1990).

V. LAW JOURNAL ARTICLES.

Braswell, Thelma. “Videorecording Court Proceedings Comes to Alabama.” 52 Alabama Lawyer 92 (March 1991).

Brothers, Thomas W. “The Video Record.” 39 Judges Journal 45 (Winter 2000).

Clark, Carroll A. “Preserving the Record.” 19 Arizona Bar Journal 14 (April/May 1984).

Cole, Randall L. “Video Court Reporting: What Judges and Lawyers Think.” 52 Alabama Lawyer 95 (March

Superior Court Law Library April 2002 RESEARCH BIBLIOGRAPHY: AUDIO/VIDEO RECORDING IN THE TRIAL COURT 8

1991).

Collins, Ronald K. L. and David M. Skover. “Paratexts.” 44 Stanford Law Review 509 (February 1992).

DeBenedictis, Don J. “Excuse Me, Did You Get All That? Electronic v. Shorthand Reporting in the Courtroom.” 79 ABA Journal 84 (May 1993).

Dunn, Jenny. “Court Reporting in the 1990s.” 52 Alabama Lawyer 98 (March 1991).

“Four States Start Tests with Cameras, Recorders in Courts; Total up to 45 States.” 11 News Media & the Law 42 (Fall 1987).

Georgy-Ann Oshagan. “Videotaped Trial Transcripts and Appellate Review: Are Some Courts Favoring Form Over Substance?” 38 Wayne Law Review 1639 (Spring 1992).

Gerstein, Robert S. “Appeal by Video; What If Videotapes Replace Transcripts as the Record on Appeal?” 13 Los Angeles Lawyer 21 (August-September 1990).

Gruen, Martin E. “Digital Audio Systems in the Court: A Status Report.” 10 Court Technology Bulletin 3 (September/October 1998).

Johns, Christopher. “The Costs of Victims’ Rights.” 29 Arizona Attorney 27 (October 1992).

Justice Research Institute. “The Modern Courtroom - Realtime, Imaging, Soundmasking.” 2 Court Management and Administration Report (July/August 1991).

Karlovits, Joseph R. “TAC and Its Effect on Our Profession.” 9 Journal of Court Reporting (July 1992).

Klages, Karen E. “Court Reporters on Way Out? Courts Experiment with Audio-video Machines.” 75 ABA Journal 28 (February 1989).

Koppel, Glenn S. “A Tale of Two Counties: Divergent Responses in Los Angeles and Orange County Superior Courts to the Ban on Electronic Recording in California Court Reporters Ass'n v. Judicial Council.” 37 San Diego Law Review 47 (Winter 2000).

Leach, Stuart. “Videotape as the Official Record of the Trial.” 52 Alabama Lawyer 94 (March 1991).

Lederer, Frederic L. “Revolution in Courtroom Technology Presents Opportunity and Risk.” 30 Trial 86-90 (November 1994).

Lindley, Marianne. “The Real World of Real Time.” Journal of Court Reporting (July 1992).

Martinez, Richard, “San Bernardino Courts Try Video Project.” California Courts Commentary (January 1984).

Mohr, William D. “1994: An Orwellian Look at CAT.” 37 National Shorthand Reporter (May 1976).

Oshagan, Georgi-Ann. “Videotaped Trial Transcripts and Appellate Review: Are Some Courts Favoring Form Over Substance?” 38 Wayne Law Review 1639 (1992).

Pearcy, Susan S. “Writing for CAT: The Agony and The Ecstasy.” 41 National Shorthand Reporter (June 1980).

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Perry, Grant E. “Computer Aided Transcription: Genie in a Bottle or Pig in a Poke?” 37 National Shorthand Reporter (January 1976).

“A Proposal for an Experiment with Pre-recorded Videotape Trials in New York.” 36 Record of the Association of the Bar of the City of New York 274 (May-June 1981).

Saari, David J. “Technology Can Improve Court System, Study Says.” 24 Trial (November 1988).

Salamone, Chris M. “Videotaped Trial Court Proceedings: The Effect on Appellate Review of Credibility Determinations.” 11 Nova Law Review 1585 (Summer 1987).

Shuart and Olson, “Audio and Video Technology in the Court: Will Their Time Ever Come?” 8 Justice System Journal 296 (1983).

Skove, Alan Endress. “Video Conferencing for Mental Health Hearings.” 1 Court Communique 7 (June 1999).

Southerst, John. “Digital Court Recording: Trial Without Error.” 10 Court Technology Bulletin 1 (March/April 1998). http://www.ncsc.dni.us/ncsc/bulletin/V10n02.htm

Strand, Roger G. “The Courtroom of the Future.” 28 Judges’ Journal 8 (Spring 1989).

Terry, W. Clinton, III and Ray Surette. “Video in the Misdemeanor Court: The South Florida Experience.” 69 Judicature 13 (June/July 1985).

Waddox, Hugh. “Videotaping of Court Proceedings.” 52 Alabama Lawyer 90 (March 1991).

Webster, Larry. “VCR/VHS Technology for Audio Recording.” 5 Court Technology Bulletin 2 (May/June 1993).

Zepkin, J. R. “Audio/Video Court Recording System.” 6 Court Technology Bulletin 3 (November/December 1994).

VI. CONFERENCE PAPERS.

Artegian, April C. The Technology-Augmented Court Record. Paper Presented at the Fifth National Court Technology Conference (CTC5), National Center for State Courts, Session No. 203: The Court Record of Today and Tomorrow (September 1997). http://www.ncsc.dni.us/NCSC/TIS/CTC5/203.HTM

Gruen, Martin E. and Tom Wetter. Courtroom Audio, Video, and Videoconferencing. Paper Presented at the Fifth National Court Technology Conference (CTC5), National Center for State Courts, Session No. 303: Courtroom Audio, Video, and Videoconferencing Essentials (September 1997). http://www.ncsc.dni.us/NCSC/TIS/CTC5/303.HTM

Kerans, Hon. Roger P. Use of Electronic Appeal Transcripts in the Alberta Court of Appeal. Paper Presented at the Fifth National Court Technology Conference (CTC5), National Center for State Courts, Session No. 102: Electronic Appeal Transcripts (September 1997). http://www.ncsc.dni.us/NCSC/TIS/CTC5/102.HTM

VII. VENDOR PAPERS.

Court Vision Communications, Inc. Court Vision Audio/Video Court Recording Systems: General Information.

Superior Court Law Library April 2002 RESEARCH BIBLIOGRAPHY: AUDIO/VIDEO RECORDING IN THE TRIAL COURT 10

Thousand Oaks, CA: Court Vision Communications, Inc, .

Court Vision Communications. Court Vision Communications: Criminal Justice Video Technology Group. Court Thousand Oaks, CA: Vision Communications, Inc., .

VIII. ARIZONA COURT RULES.

Rules of the Supreme Court, Rule 123. Public Access to the Judicial Records of the State of Arizona. (g). Access to Audiotape, Videotape, Microfilm, Computer or Electronic Based Records.

Rules of Criminal Procedure, Rule 5.2. Summoning of Witnesses and Court Reporter.

Rules of Criminal Procedure, Rule 5.6. Transmittal and Transcription of Record.

Superior Court Rules of Appellate Procedure-- Civil, Rule 1. Scope of Rules

Superior Court Rules of Appellate Procedure-- Civil, Rule 11. Record on Appeal. (e) Record of Limited Jurisdiction Court Proceedings

Superior Court Rules of Appellate Procedure-- Criminal, Rule 2. Record of Proceedings

Superior Court Rules of Appellate Procedure-- Criminal, Rule 8. Transmission of the Record

Local Rules of Practice Superior Court Cochise County, Rule 15. Audio, Video, and Other Sound Reproduction Exhibits.

Local Rules of Practice Superior Court Gila County, Rule 31. Appeals from Limited Jurisdiction Courts.

Local Rules of Practice Superior Court Mohave County, Rule AD-17. Audio, Video and Other Sound Reproduction Exhibits.

Local Rules of Practice Superior Court Mohave County, Rule CR-9. Criminal Appeals from Limited Jurisdiction Courts.

Local Rules of Practice Superior Court Pima County, Rule 26. Preliminary Hearings.

Rules of Procedure in Civil Traffic Violation Cases, Rule 22. Record.

Local Rules of Practice and Procedure City Court City of Phoenix Rule 2. Civil Cases under the Phoenix City Code. Rule 2.18. Record

IX. STATE COURT RULES.

West's Alaska Court Rules. Rules Governing the Administration of All Courts, Rule 35. Electronic Recording Equipment - Official Court Record - Responsibility for Record.

West's Annotated California Codes. California Rules of Court, Title Two. Pretrial and Trial Rules, Division VI. Miscellaneous Rules Relating to Trial Courts, Rule 892. Assessing Fee for Reporting Services.

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West's Annotated California Codes. California Rules of Court, Title Three. Miscellaneous Rules Division IV. General Rules Applicable to All Courts, Rule 980.6. Specifications for Electronic Recording Equipment.

West's California Rules of Court. Superior Court of California, County of Riverside, Local Rules, General Rule 1.0073. Audio/Video Recordation.

Baldwin's Kentucky Revised Statutes Annotated. Rules of Civil Procedure, CR 73.08. Certification of Record on Appeal.

Kentucky Rules Annotated, Rule 98. Procedures for Using Videotape Equipment to Record Court Proceedings.

Baldwin's Kentucky Revised Statutes Annotated. Rules of Practice of the Jefferson Circuit Court, Thirtieth Judicial Circuit, Rule 1507. Guilty Plea Transcripts.

Baldwin's Kentucky Revised Statutes Annotated. Uniform Local Rules of the Circuit and District Courts of Boone, Campbell, Gallatin and Kenton Counties, General Rules for Domestic Relations Practice, Rule 37. Official Record.

Massachusetts Rules of Civil Procedure. Special Rules of The District Courts of Massachusetts. Rules Applicable to Juvenile Proceedings, Rule 211. Recording of Court Proceedings

West's Michigan Rules of Court. Administrative Rules of Court, Rule 8.109. Mechanical Recording of Court Proceedings.

Minnesota Statutes Annotated. General Rules of Practice for the District Courts, Title IV, Rules of Family Court Procedure, Rule 359. Telephone and Interactive Video. Rule 359.02. Procedure.

West's Missouri Court Rules. Rules of the Circuit Court of the Twenty-ninth Judicial Circuit [Jasper County], Administration, Rule 11. Recording of Judicial Proceedings.

West's New Jersey Rules of Court. Rules of General Application, Rule 1:2-2. Trial Courts; Verbatim Record of Proceedings.

West's New Mexico Rules of Court. Rules Governing the Recording of Judicial Proceedings, Rule 22-101. Scope; Definitions; Title.

West's New Mexico Rules of Court. Rules Governing the Recording of Judicial Proceedings, Rule 22-301. Recording of Judicial Proceedings; Transcripts.

West's New Mexico Rules of Court. Rules Governing the Recording of Judicial Proceedings, Rule 22-303. Tapes of Judicial Proceedings.

West's New Mexico Rules of Court. Rules of the District Court of the Fifth Judicial District, LR5-1002. Audio Recording (Tapes) Free Process; Civil Cases.

West's North Dakota Court Rules. North Dakota Supreme Court Administrative Rules, AR 39. Recording District Court Trials and Proceedings, and Preparing Transcripts.

Baldwin's Ohio Revised Code Annotated. Rules of Appellate Procedure, Rule 9. The Record on Appeal.

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Baldwin's Ohio Revised Code Annotated. Rules of Juvenile Procedure, Rule 37. Recording of Proceedings.

Baldwin's Ohio Revised Code Annotated. Rules of Superintendence for the Courts of Ohio, Rule 11. Recording of Proceedings.

Baldwin's Ohio Revised Code Annotated. Rules of Superintendence for the Courts of Ohio, Rule 23. Juvenile Court Procedures - Complaint for Abortion Without Parental Notification.

Baldwin's Ohio Revised Code Annotated. Rules of Superintendence for the Courts of Ohio, Rule 23.1. Juvenile Court Procedures -Application for Authorization to Consent to an Abortion or for Judicial Consent to an Abortion.

Baldwin's Ohio Revised Code Annotated. Mayor's Court Education and Procedure Rules, Rule 11. Mayor's Court Facility Standards; Courtroom Conduct.

Baldwin's Ohio Revised Code Annotated . Franklin County Court of Common Pleas, Rules of the Probate Division, Rule 11. Recording of Proceedings.

Baldwin's Ohio Revised Code Annotated. Hamilton County Court of Common Pleas, Rules of the Probate Division, Rule 11.1. Record of Proceedings.

Baldwin's Ohio Revised Code Annotated. Summit County Court of Common Pleas, Rules of Practice and Procedure of the Court of Common Pleas, Domestic Relations Division, Rule 7. Court Reporters.

Baldwin's Ohio Revised Code Annotated. Summit County Court of Common Pleas, Rules of Juvenile Court, Rule 9. Court Reporters.

West's Oregon Rules of Court. Oregon Rules of Appellate Procedure, Rule 1.15. Terminology.

West's Oregon Rules of Court. Oregon Rules of Appellate Procedure, Rule 3.05. Trial Court Record on Appeal; Supplementing the Record.

West's Oregon Rules of Court. Oregon Rules of Appellate Procedure, Rule 3.15. Preparation and Filing of Trial Court Record.

West's Oregon Rules of Court. Oregon Rules of Appellate Procedure, Rule 3.33. Persons Responsible for Preparing Transcript.

West's Oregon Rules of Court. Oregon Rules of Appellate Procedure, Rule 3.63. Use of Audio or Video Record on Appeal.

West's Oregon Rules of Court. Oregon Rules of Appellate Procedure, Rule 5.20. Reference to Evidence and Exhibits; Citation of Authorities.

Purdon's Pennsylvania Consolidated Statutes Annotated. Pennsylvania Rules of Judicial Administration, Uniform Rules Governing Court Reporting and Transcripts, Rule 5000.3. Qualifications of Reporters.

Vernon's Texas Rules Annotated. Texas Rules of Appellate Procedure, Rule 34.6. Reporter's Record.

West's Texas Rules of Court. Texas Parental Notification Rules, Rule 1. General Provisions.

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West's Utah Rules of Court. Utah Code of Judicial Administration, Part I. Judicial Council Rules of Judicial Administration, Rule 3-305. Official Court Transcribers.

West's Utah Rules of Court. Utah Code of Judicial Administration, Part I. Judicial Council Rules of Judicial Administration, Rule 4-106. Electronic Conferencing.

West's Utah Rules of Court. Utah Code of Judicial Administration, Part I. Judicial Council Rules of Judicial Administration, Rule 4-201. Record of Proceedings.

West's Utah Rules of Court. Utah Code of Judicial Administration, Appendix F. Utah State Courts Records Retention Schedule, Retention Schedule Policy Statement. Utah State Court Records Retention Schedule.

West's Vermont Rules of Court. Administrative Orders of the Supreme Court Administrative Order No. 38. Experimental Rules for Utilization of Video- Teleconferencing Technology in the Bennington County Superior, District and Family Courts.

West's Revised Code of Washington Annotated. Appendix of Rules. Superior Court Criminal Rules, Rule 3.4. Presence of the Defendant.

West's Revised Code of Washington Annotated. Appendix of Rules. Criminal Rules for Courts of Limited Jurisdiction, Rule 3.4. Presence of the Defendant

West's Washington Court Rules. Superior Court Civil Rules, Rule 80. Court Reporters.

West's Washington Court Rules. Local Rules of the District Court of Island County and the Municipal Courts of the City of Oak Harbor and the Town of Coupeville. Criminal Rules. Rule 10. Video Conference Procedures.

West's Washington Court Rules. Local Rules of the Superior Court for King County. Local Rules Conforming to CR Rules as Required by CR 83. Local Criminal Rules, Rule 4.11. Video Conference Proceedings.

West's Washington Court Rules. Local Rules of the District Court for King County. Local Criminal Rules, Rule 4.11. Video Conference Proceedings.

West's Washington Court Rules. King County Municipal Courts. Auburn Municipal Court Local Rules, Rule 1. Video Conference Proceedings.

West's Washington Court Rules. Local Rules of Practice and Procedure in the Superior Court of the State of Washington in and for the County of Mason. Local Rules of Appellate Procedure, Rule 9.2(a). Verbatim Report of Proceedings/Designation of Court-Approved Transcribers.

West's Washington Court Rules. Local Rules for the Superior Court of Snohomish County. Criminal Rules, Rule 3.4. Presence of Defendant.

West's Washington Court Rules. Thurston County Municipal Courts. Olympia Municipal Court Local Court Rules, Rule 3. Video Conference Proceedings.

West's Wisconsin Statutes Annotated. Rules, Rule 72.01. Retention of Original Record.

West's Wyoming Rules of Court. Wyoming Rules of Appellate Procedure, Rule 3.02. Transcript of Proceedings.

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X. FEDERAL COURT RULES.

Federal Rules of Bankruptcy Procedure, Rule 2003. Meeting of Creditors or Equity Security Holders.

Federal Rules of Bankruptcy Procedure, Rule 5007. Record of Proceedings and Transcripts.

Bankruptcy Appellate Panel for the Eighth Circuit, Rule 8007a. Completion of the Transcript and Transmission of Record.

Bankruptcy Appellate Panel for the Eighth Circuit, IOP VIII. Oral Argument.

Federal Rules of Criminal Procedure, Rule 32.1. Revocation or Modification of Probation or Supervised Release.

Federal Rules of Criminal Procedure, Rule 58. Procedure for Misdemeanors and Other Petty Offenses.

Local Rules for the United States District Court for the Northern District of California. Criminal Local Rules, X. General Provisions, Rule 58-2. Appeal from Conviction by Magistrate Judge.

Local Rules of the United States Bankruptcy Court for the Southern District of Ohio, LBR 8007-1. Completion of Record - Appeal.

Rules of the United States Court of International Trade, Rule 77. Sessions of the Court.

Rules of the United States Court of International Trade, Rule 80. Papers, Exhibits and Other Material.

United States Court of Appeals for the District of Columbia Circuit, Appendix I. Fee Schedule.

United States Court of Appeals for the District of Columbia Circuit. Handbook of Practice and Internal Procedures.

United States Court of Appeals for the First Circuit. Internal Operating Procedures of the First Circuit, IOP VIII. Oral Argument.

United States Court of Appeals for the Second Circuit. Rules Relating to the Organization of the Court, § 0.17. Clerk's Fees.

United States Court of Appeals for the Fourth Circuit. Fourth Circuit Guidelines for Preparation of Appellate Transcripts, Appendix, IV. Preparation of Appellate Transcript Guidelines.

United States Court of Appeals for the Fifth Circuit. Other Internal Operating Procedures, Other IOP.

United States Court of Appeals for the Fifth Circuit. Appendix IV. Interim Joint Local Rule for Implementing the Video Recording Experiment in the Fifth Circuit.

United States Court of Appeals for the Sixth Circuit. Supplemental Procedural Rules, Rule 100. IOP 103. Fees.

United States Court of Appeals for the Seventh Circuit. Title VII, General Provisions. Rule 45, Fees.

United States Court of Appeals for the Seventh Circuit. Appendix III, Operating Procedures. IOP 1, Motions.

United States Court of Appeals for the Eleventh Circuit. Rules, Title II. Appeal from a Judgment or Order of a

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District Court, Rule 11-4. Form of Record.

United States Court of Appeals for the Federal Circuit. Title VII. General Provisions, Rule 30. Appendix to the Briefs.

United States Court of Appeals for the Federal Circuit. Title VII. General Provisions, Rule 52. Fees.

United States Court of Appeals for the Federal Circuit. Appendix V. Internal Operating Procedures, IOP 4. Briefs, Appendices, and Hearings in Cases Involving a Protective Order.

United States Court of Appeals for Veterans Claims. Rules of Practice and Procedure, Rule 45. Duties of Clerk.

United States Code Annotated. Title 8. Rules for the Alien Terrorist Removal Court of the United States, Rule 10. Verbatim Record of Proceedings

XI. ARIZONA STATUTES.

A.R.S. § 12-910. Scope of Review.

A.R.S. § 36-539. Conduct of Hearing; Record; Transcript.

A.R.S. § 38-424. Use of Tape Recorders or Other Recording Devices; Exception.

XIV. ARIZONA CASES.

In re Appeal in Maricopa County Juvenile Action No. JV-109482, 156 Ariz. 439, 752 P.2d 1025 (Ariz. 1988).

State v. Brown, 182 Ariz. 66, 893 P.2d 66 (Ariz. App. 1995).

XV. STATE COURT CASES.

Deemer v. Finger, 817 S.W.2d 435 (1990).

Shillington v. K-Mart Corp., 402 S.E.2d 155 (N.C.App.1991).

Simpson v. Commonwealth, 739 S.W.2d 224 (1988).

XVII. INTERNET RESOURCES.

Clover Technologies [Dolman Technologies Group] http://www.clover.com/defaultstatic.htm

CourtSmart Digital Recording Systems http://www.courtsmart.com/

FTR Gold Digital Court Recording

Superior Court Law Library April 2002 RESEARCH BIBLIOGRAPHY: AUDIO/VIDEO RECORDING IN THE TRIAL COURT 16 http://www.ftrgold.com/

JAVS - Jefferson Audio Video Systems, Inc. http://www.javs.com/

VoiceIQ Inc. http://www.voiceiq.com/

Superior Court Law Library April 2002