Science, Politics, and Soul-Making: the Romantic Encounter with Climate Change
SCIENCE, POLITICS, AND SOUL-MAKING: THE ROMANTIC ENCOUNTER WITH CLIMATE CHANGE BY MICHAEL VERDERAME DISSERTATION Submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy in English in the Graduate College of the University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, 2017 Urbana, Illinois Doctoral Committee: Professor Gillen Wood, Chair Professor Robert Markley Professor Ted Underwood Associate Professor Julia Saville ii Abstract The Romantic movement in British literature coincided with new breakthroughs in meteorology and climatology, allowing scientists for the first time to understand the earth’s weather as a global, interactive system, as well as to begin to trace the possible influence of human civilization upon it. The end of the Little Ice Age, the acceleration of anthropogenic global warming resulting from the Industrial Revolution, and a series of volcanic eruptions causing major shocks to the global climate system all provided reference points for Romantic writers to challenge and rethink the relationship between humans and their climate. Focusing on several major writers from 1780 to 1880 (William Cowper, Percy Shelley, Mary Shelley, John Keats and John Ruskin), I argue that an epistemic shift occurred in the way Britons understood their own climate’s history and its relationship to the earth’s climate. Using an ecohistorical method that combines close historical inquiry and insights from meteorology, climatology, geology, and volcanology with theoretical frameworks derived from environmental criticism, I argue this period, in no small part due to the influence of creative writers, saw a new sense of the earth’s climate as contingent, dynamic, globally interconnected, and shaped by human actors, rather than stable and fixed.
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