Online Activities of Public Service Media: Remit and fi Nancing Online Activities of Public Service Media

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Online Activities of Public Service Media: Remit and fi Nancing Online Activities of Public Service Media Special Special Published by the European Audiovisual Observatory Online activities of public service media: remit and fi nancing Online activities of public service media: remit and fi nancing nancing Online activities and fi of public service media: remit This IRIS Special has been prepared by the Institute of European Media Law (EMR) in Saarbrücken and brings together contributions from various authors. It discusses the public service broad- casters’ off erings in the digital environment and focuses on a selection of European countries: Austria, Belgium, Denmark, Finland, France, Hungary, Ireland, Italy, the Netherlands, Poland, Sweden and the UK. The countries have been chosen with the intention of providing a set of diff erent approaches, whereas a comparative table enclosed in the Annex allows for a complete picture of the 28 Member States. An introductory overview of requirements to be met at the level of the Council of Europe and the European Union is followed by a comparative legal analysis of the public service broadcasters’ remit for the provision of online media. Following on from this, a comparison of selected Euro- pean funding systems will provide the basis for three detailed country reports that will highlight the impact of the specifi c funding structure on the extent of public service broadcasters’ online activities. The publication will then go on to compare the implementation of the public-value test in selected EU member states and conclude with two observations on the success of the test from the diff erent points of view applying in each case. EUR 59 - ISBN 978-92-871-8142-8 IRIS Special_Covers_2015_CMJN.indd 1 04/08/2015 07:21 Director of publication – Susanne Nikoltchev Executive Director, European Audiovisual Observatory European Audiovisual Editorial supervision – Maja Cappello Observatory Head of Department for legal information, European Audiovisual Observatory Set up in December 1992, the European Audiovisual Observatory’s mission is Editorial team – Francisco Javier Cabrera Blázquez, Maja Cappello, Sophie Valais European Audiovisual Observatory to gather and distribute information on the audiovisual industry in Europe. The Observatory is a European public service body of 40 member states and Authors – Ross Biggam, Association of Commercial Television in Europe (ACT); Anker Brink Lund, the European Union, represented by the European Commission. It operates Copenhagen Business School; Richard Burnley, European Broadcasting Union (EBU/UER); Christian Edelvold Berg, within the legal framework of the Council of Europe and works alongside a Danish Agency for Culture; Gianna Iacino, Institute of European Media Law (EMR); Peter Matzneller, number of partners and professional organisations within the industry and Institute of European Media Law (EMR); Katrin Neukamm, Westdeutscher Rundfunk Köln (WDR); with a network of correspondents. Gábor Polyák, Mertek Media Monitor; Klaus Radke, Westdeutscher Rundfunk Köln (WDR); Sebastian Schweda, Institute of European Media Law (EMR); Ágnes Urbán, Mertek Media Monitor Major activities of the Observatory are Editorial assistant – Olivier Mabilat, European Audiovisual Observatory the publication of a yearbook, newsletters and reports: Marketing – Markus Booms, [email protected], European Audiovisual Observatory http://www.obs.coe.int/publications Press and Public Relations – Alison Hindhaugh, [email protected], European Audiovisual Observatory the provision of information through the Observatory’s Internet: http://www.obs.coe.int Translators / Proof-readers – Christina Angelopoulos, Aurélie Courtinat, Ronan Fahy, Johanna Fell, Michael Finn, Julie Mamou, Stefan Pooth, Erwin Rohwer, Roland Schmid, Marco Polo Traductions, Anne-Lise Weidmann and contributions to conferences: http://www.obs.coe.int/events Publisher European Audiovisual Observatory 76, allée de la Robertsau F-67000 Strasbourg, France Legal Information Services from the Observatory are Tél. : +33 (0)3 90 21 60 00 Fax : +33 (0)3 90 21 60 19 IRIS Newsletter (10 yearly issues) provides a monthly selection of legal E-mail : [email protected] developments across Europe and feeds the Merlin database which now www.obs.coe.int counts more than 8.000 articles from 1995 onwards. Contributing Partner Institution IRIS Special (2 yearly issues) off ers in-depth information and the most Institute of European Media Law (EMR) detailed analysis on major topics, with involvement of experts in a given Franz-Mai-Straße 6 fi eld through the Observatory’s partner institutions. D-66121 Saarbrücken, Germany Tel.: +49 (0) 681 99 275 11 IRIS plus (3 yearly issues) provides information produced in-house on Fax: +49 (0) 681 99 275 12 issues at stake in the future reforms of the relevant European legal frame- E-mail: [email protected] work organised around six standard sections so as to ensure a compre- www.emr-sb.de hensive and readable digest of the regulatory framework at European and Cover layout – P O I N T I L L É S, Hoenheim, France national level. IRIS Merlin the database enables access to over 6.500 articles on laws, Please quote this publication as: Cappello M. (ed.), Online activities of public service media: remit and fi nancing, IRIS Special 2015-1, decisions of courts and administrative authorities and policy documents European Audiovisual Observatory, Strasbourg, 2015 from over 50 countries of relevance to the audiovisual industry. © European Audiovisual Observatory (Council of Europe), Strasbourg, 2015 Opinions expressed in this publication are personal and do not necessarily represent the views of the Observatory, its members or the Council of Europe. European Audiovisual Observatory 76 Allée de la Robertsau – F-67000 Strasbourg – France Tel:+33 (0) 3 90 21 60 00 – Fax: +33 (0) 3 90 21 60 19 www.obs.coe.int – E-mail: [email protected] IRIS Special_Covers_2015_CMJN.indd 2 04/08/2015 07:21 A publication of the European Audiovisual Observatory Online activities of public service media: remit and financing Ross Biggam, Anker Brink Lund, Richard Burnley, Christian Edelvold Berg, Gianna Iacino, Peter Matzneller, Katrin Neukamm, Gábor Polyák, Klaus Radke, Sebastian Schweda, Ágnes Urbán ONLINE ACTIVITIES OF PUBLIC SERVICE MEDIA: REMIT AND FINANCING Foreword When going online, audiovisual media service providers adapt their activities to the expectations of their audiences and, consequently, elaborate new ways of presenting their content. This is true both for commercial and for public service media (PSM). For the latter there are also further aspects to consider, which are specifically related to their remit and to the fact that they are using public money. The financing of PSM is strictly connected to the definition of their remit according to EU state aid rules and to the interpretative indications given by the European Commission as to their application. Nothing new one could say. The topic has already been dealt with by the Observatory in previous publications: the IRIS Plus of 2009 on “The Public Service Remit and the New Media” examined the regulatory framework applicable to the Internet-related activities of public service broadcasters;1 the IRIS Plus of 2010 on “Public Service Media: Money for Content” explored in its Lead Article both European legislation and national developments concerning financial and content-related supervision.2 What is new is the practice that has developed since the adoption of the Communication of the Commission on the application of state aid rules to Public Service Broadcasting in 2009. The introduction of the so-called Public Value Test (PVT) and of the Market Impact Assessments (MIA) has changed the way of defining both the remit and the financing of PSM. It is exactly how these two issues have been accordingly dealt with during the past six years that is at the centre of this publication. This IRIS Special has been prepared by the Institute of European Media Law (EMR) in Saarbrücken and brings together contributions from various authors. It focuses on a selection of European countries: Austria, Belgium, Denmark, Finland, France, Germany, Hungary, Ireland, Italy, the Netherlands, Poland, Sweden and the UK. The countries have been chosen with the intention of providing a set of different approaches. After an introduction to the European regulatory framework (both of the EU and CoE) applicable to Public Service Media written by Peter Matzneller (EMR), Klaus Radke (WDR) and Sebastian Schweda (EMR) give an overview of the definition of the public service remit and the funding schemes respectively in the selected countries. A special focus is placed on Denmark by Christian Berg (Danish Ministry of Culture), on Germany by Katrin Neukamm (WDR) and on Hungary by Gábor Polyák (Mertek Media Monitor), in order to show concrete examples of public service performances in the online environment. 1 Ridinger M., “The Public Service Remit and the New Media”, IRIS plus, supplement to IRIS, Legal Observations of the European Audiovisual Observatory, Issue 2009-6, Strasbourg, 2009, http://www.obs.coe.int/documents/205595/264587/IRIS+plus+2009en4LA.pdf/3febdb44-89f8-452a-98fc-fa63067e5452. 2 Bron C.M., “Financing and Supervision of Public Service Broadcasting”, in Nikoltchev S. (ed.), “Public Service Media: Money for Content“, IRIS plus 2010-4, European Audiovisual Observatory, Strasbourg, 2010, http://www.obs.coe.int/documents/205595/264589/IRIS+plus+2010en4LA.pdf/4d531a6e-ad02-4958-aeb3-2c3aabfcd1e4. 1 © 2015, European Audiovisual Observatory, Strasbourg (France) ONLINE ACTIVITIES OF PUBLIC SERVICE
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