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Minorías En La España Medieval Y Moderna: Asimilación Y/O Exclusión (Siglos XV Al XVII)

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Minorías En La España Medieval Y Moderna: Asimilación Y/O Exclusión (Siglos XV Al XVII) Minorías en la España medieval y moderna: Asimilación y/o exclusión (siglos XV al XVII) Rica Amrán ed. Publications of eHumanista Santa Barbara, University of California, 2015 CRAEC Centre d´Éstudes Hispaniques d´Amiens PUBLICATIONS OF Rica Amrán & Antonio Cortijo Ocaña eds. Santa Barbara Publications of eHumanista, 2018 Minorías en la España medieval y moderna: asimilación o/y exclusión (siglos XV al XVII) Publications of eHumanista Directors Antonio Cortijo Ocaña (University of California) Ángel Gómez Moreno (Universidad Complutense, Madrid) EDITORIAL BOARD Carlos Alvar Ezquerra Gregory Andrachuck Ignacio Arellano Julia Butinyà Pedro M. Cátedra García Adelaida Cortijo Ocaña Ottavio Di Camillo Frank Domínguez Aurora Egido Paola Elia Charles B. Faulhaber Leonardo Funes Fernando Gómez Redondo Enrique García Santo-Tomás Teresa Jiménez Calvente Jeremy N. H. Lawrance José Manuel Lucía Mejías José María Maestre Maestre Georges Martin Vicent Martines Ignacio Navarrete José Manuel Pedrosa Sara Poot Herrera Erin Rebhan Elena del Río Parra Nicasio Salvador Miguel Hernán Sánchez Martínez de Pinillos Pedro Sánchez-Prieto Borja Julian Weiss Minorías en la España medieval y moderna: asimilación o/y exclusión (siglos XV al XVII) Publications of eHumanista University of California, Santa Barbara copyright © by Antonio Cortijo & Rica Amrán For information, please visit eHumanista (www.ehumanista.ucsb.edu) First Edition: 2018 ISSN: 1540-5877 Índice -Introducción (Rica Amrán & Antonio Cortijo Ocaña) …………….……………………………………………………………………………… ….7 I-Mudéjares y moriscos ante la problemática -Diana Pelaz (Universidad de Santiago de Compostela): “Ser musulmana entre cristianos. Una aproximación a la participación socioeconómica de las mujeres musulmanas en el Aragón bajomedieval” …………………………………………………………………………………………… …9 -Germán Gamero (Universidad de Valladolid): “Poderosas minorías: algunos mecanismos de integración de los reinos en la Corte de Fernando el Católico” ............................................................................................................................................. ......36 -Hamza Zekri (Université de Piecardie Juls Verne): “La figura de Yahya Al Nayar/Pedro de Granada: los entresijos de una exitosa asimilación” …………………………………………………………………………………………… …...34 -Luis Araus Ballesteros (Universidad de Valladolid): “Moriscos de ida y vuelta entre Valladolid y Granada” …………………………………………………………………………………………… …...49 -Juan Rebollo (Universidad de Valladolid): “En la frontera: El poblamiento islámico de Extremadura antes y después de la Raya con Portugal” …………………………………………………………………………………………… …..61 -Olatz Villanueva (Universidad de Valladolid): “Historias entrelazadas de alcalleres moriscos vallisoletanos. Relaciones de familia, vecindad y trabajo”. …………………………………………………………………………………………… ….76 -María Isabel del Val Valdivieso (Universidad de Valladolid): “La presencia sonora de los mudéjares castellanos en el siglo XV” ……………………………………………………………………………………………. .93 -David Álvarez (Universidad de Picardie Jules Verne): “El personaje morisco Álvaro Tarfe en el Quijote de 1615 o el retorno de lo reprimido” ……………………………………………………………………………………………. .106 II- Judíos y conversos en “su literatura”: ¿absorción o/y expulsión? -Rica Amrán (Universidad de Picardie Jules Verne): “Judíos y conversos en las crónicas de los reyes de Castilla: absorción o/y exclusión?” …………………………………………………………………………………………… ….118 -Igor Sosa (Universidad de Valladolid): “Tomismo en la historiografía dominica sobre el Nuevo Mundo. La Crónica de fray Diego Durán (1537-1588)” …………………………………………………………………………………………… ….133 -Gloria de Antonio Rubio (CSIC – Xunta de Galicia. Instituto de Estudios Gallegos Padre Sarmiento): “Conversión o permanencia en la fe judía: Una decisión personal en la Galicia del siglo XV” …………………………………………………………………………………………… ….153 -Ruth Fine (Universidad Hebrea de Jerusalén): “La memoria de la Inquisición en la literatura de conversos” …………………………………………………………………………………………… ….168 -Juan Hernández Franco y Pablo Ortega del Cerro (Universidad de Murcia): “Fracturas culturales en los estatutos de limpieza de sangre: entre la utopía de Fernando de Valdés y el rigorismo de Bartolomé Ximenez de Patón (siglo XVII)” …………………………………………………………………………………………… ….182 -Emilio González Ferrín (Universidad de Sevilla): “Libelos y heterodoxos hasta el s. XVI español”. …………………………………………………………………………………………… ….205 Minorías en la España medieval y moderna 7 Minorías en la España medieval y moderna: asimilación o/y exclusión (siglos XV al XVII) Rica Amrán (Université de Picardie Jules Verne, Amiens) Antonio Cortijo Ocaña (University of California) Tenemos el honor de presentarles a continuación el número 4 de Minorías ebooks, en donde se recogen las actividades del Grupo Europeo Las minorías en la España medieval y moderna (siglos XV al XVII), realizadas durante el año académico 2017-2018: las conferencias del Colegio de España de París así como el encuentro anual que realiza el dicho grupo, el cual tuvo lugar en la Université de Picardie Jules Verne de Amiens, (Francia). En esta ocasión, como en las anteriores, se destacan varias líneas de estudio, realizadas por los diferentes especialistas en este campo y que podemos calificar de trabajos de índole literario, histórico e incluso sociológico-antropológico sobre la dicha temática. A diferencia de lo que ocurría en épocas anteriores observamos cómo los especialistas establecen un “diálogo” entre las diferentes disciplinas y esto se pone de manifiesto, una vez más, en este volumen. Destaca también en este el interés suscitado por los estudios sobre la temática mudéjar y morisca; más específicamente notamos la curiosidad que promueve el papel de la mujer (Diana Pelaz), los mecanismos de integración y asimilación (Germán Gamero y Hamza Zekri), el desplazamiento y sentamiento de los dichos grupos (Luis Araus y Juan Rebollo), sus propias historias “entrelazadas” debidos a relaciones familiares, de vecindad o bien de trabajo (Olatz Villanueva), las representaciones musicales (María Isabel del Val Valdivieso) o literarias (David Alvarez), etc, forman parte, en este libro, de la preocupación sobre las dichas minorías. Nuestros colegas también han prestado una especial atención a las crónicas como fuentes de estudio (Rica Amrán e Igor Sosa), al igual que a la documentación que se encuentran en los archivos nacionales y locales que pueden informarnos con más detalles de la presencia de una minoría sobre un determinado territorio (Gloria de Antonio Rubio). Ruth Fine, por su parte, estudiará en estas páginas la “literatura de conversos”. Para finalizar, los libelos sobre nuestra temática han sido analizados por Emilio González Ferrín y, por otra parte, Juan Hernández Franco y Pablo Ortega-del-Cerro estudiaron los estatutos de limpieza de sangre a través de textos de Fernando de Valdés y de Bartolomé Ximénez de Patón. Como podemos apreciar, un volumen ecléctico, pero al mismo tiempo homogéneo, en el que aparecen una serie de temáticas que son el centro de interés de nuestros colaboradores, que ya han aparecido en otros números, al que se juntan otros, nuevos, hasta el momento no tratados. Minorías en la España medieval y moderna 8 I Mudéjares y moriscos ante la problemática Minorías en la España medieval y moderna 9 Ser musulmana entre cristianos. Una aproximación a la participación socioeconómica de las mujeres musulmanas en el Aragón bajomedieval Diana Pelaz Flores (Universidade de Santiago de Compostela1) El reino de Aragón, tal y como en su día lo presenció el viajero alemán Jerónimo Münzer, era en el que se contenía un “mayor número de moros” con respecto al resto de los reinos peninsulares (Münzer 1924, 275). Mantenían en aquel entonces su fama en los oficios del campo, pero también en el ámbito urbano, como artesanos destacados en el trabajo del hierro y la arcilla, en la realización de obras arquitectónicas e hidráulicas, así como en la producción de aceite. Como con frecuencia solía ocurrir en la documentación medieval, Münzer parecía presentar una sociedad musulmana experimentada en diferentes campos del ámbito económico, cuya capacidad como expertos los introducía de lleno en la vida cotidiana de las ciudades y villas cristianas. No obstante, la manera de referirse a la población musulmana, bajo un género masculino con sabor a neutro, impedía tener consciencia de si solo ellos eran distinguidos en el desarrollo de diversas actividades socioeconómicas, o también las mujeres musulmanas participaban de esa especialización artesanal y técnica. Anticipando lo que posteriormente tendremos ocasión de comentar, la presencia de las mujeres musulmanas interactuando en el tejido social cristiano será un elemento que ponga de manifiesto la imbricación económica de esta minoría religiosa, así como el establecimiento de muy diversas relaciones entre personas pertenecientes a ambos credos de manera habitual y cotidiana. Con el fin de dar sentido a esa disparidad de situaciones que pueden encontrarse en la documentación aragonesa, el propósito de este trabajo no es otro que el de tratar de dejar constancia de esa pluralidad de circunstancias que tienen lugar a muy diferentes escalas, como ya hizo en su momento la profesora Ledesma Rubio (1994). Todas ellas nos permitirán reflexionar acerca de los términos en los que se construye un marco de coexistencia que, si bien no puede entenderse en términos totales de asimilación, sí abre la posibilidad a hablar de una cierta normalización en la convivencia, al menos tal como recogen casos puntuales. Desde este punto de vista,
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