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VOL XXIX % »China's Democratic Parties • More Light Industry • The Jinuos—Newest Nationality CKiiia Articles of the Month DEMOCRATIC PARTIES IN CHINA t isl i. il Do the democrotic parties still have a function lit socialist China? Leaders of two talk about their parties, the Revolutionary Committee of the Chinese PUflLISHED MONTHLY IN ENGLISH, FRENCH. Kuomlntang ond the China Democratic League. SPANISH, ARABIC, GERMAN AND PORTUGUESE BY Page 2 THE CHINA WELFARE INSTITUTE (SOONG CHING LING, CHAIRMAN) VOL XXIX NO. 2 FEBRUARY 1960 CONTENTS Democratic Parties Find New Role Revolutionary Committee of the Kuomlntang — Inter view with Qu Wu Tan Manni 1 The Democratic League and Chinese Intellectuals — Interview with Prof. Wen Jiasi Wei Xiutang MORE LIGHT INDUSTRY The Democratic Parties 9 Light industry producb Light Industry Exhibition . Qiu Jian 10 are being made in places m Night View of the Yanzhou Coal Base (color photos) 13 they never were be Huge Yanzhou Goal Base in Shandong Jin Ruowen 17 fore, OS shown In a na New Start for Literature and Art 19 tional exhibition, part of Xia Yan — Difficulties and Prospects efforts to improve peo Yang Hansheng — Rebirth of the All-China Federation ple's life and get quick of Literary and Art Circles copltal for moderirrzation, Page 10 Winter Sports in Jiiin (color photos) 25 Olympic Plans 27 Clifna's Environmental Protection Law (Extracts) 28 PROTECTING THE Protecting the Environment Qu Geping 28 n ENVIRONMENT UN Environment Activities in China Li Jinchang 31 The Grape Harvest Peng Xianchu 33 What's China doing Treasures and Wonders of Wuyi Mountain Xia Wei' 34 and what are her prob Paving the Way for Deeper Understanding — Two weeks lems, plus a rundown on activities of the with the Old Vic Ylng Ruocheng 40 Berlin Orchestra and von Karajan Acclaimed Zhao'Jinglun United Nations Environ 42 ment Progrom in China. Performances from Abroad Brought Cultural Springtime Page 28 In Autumn 44 The Black-Necked Crane Wang Huaixin 46 'China Reconstructs' in My Classroom Shirley Deane (Canada) 48 Chinese Cookery: West Lake Vinegar Fish (XI Hu Cu Yu) ELECTING COUNTY 50 PEOPLE'S DEPUTIES Our Postbag 51 Electing County People's Deputies Zeng Shuzhi 52 For the first time dep The iinuos —China's Newest Nationality • Zhi Exiang 55 uties to county people's m congresses were chosen Excursionlng out of.Beijing Liu Hongia 62 by direct election: how The TV Tube — China's Biggest University Hong Mlnsheng 65 Chinese History— XVII it was done. Song Dynasty: 2 — Uprising and Reform in Northern Page 52 Song jiao Jian 66 Archeoiogicai Briets: Tomb of a Tangut Emperor: Puppet and Game from Ancient Graves 68 JINUO —CHINA'S Language Corrrer; NEWEST NATIONALITY Lesson 14: Visit to Yu Garden 70 The social history and Stamps of New China 72 customs which moke the COVER PICTURES: 10,000 Jinuo people In the remote mountains Jade-CM Peak, scenic spo. Front: Two schoolgirls of the Jinuo nationality (see story on p. 55) of Yunnan province a distinct nationality. Back: Skating rink in Beijing. Zhang Shuicheng Liu CJicn Page 55 Edileilal Offlcflt Wal Wen Butlding, Beijing (37). Chino, Cable: "CHIRECON" Beijing. Ocneral Distributer: CUOZI SHUD1AN. P.O. Box 399. Beijing, China. ••V VM11 - with the democratic parties while policies are tural revolution. Many of their members suf being formulated, and the parties' reflecting fered wrongs and false accusations- and de opinion in their circles. Tbe organizational mocracy in China was severely undermined. means set up for this are the People's Political After tbe downfall of the gang the Communist Consultative Conferences at all levels of dele Party's policy of long-term coexistence and gates from the democratic parties and other mutual supervision was restored. The democratic groups which are held from time to time. parties have gradually resumed their normal The democratic parties have continued to activities. They have been particularly helpful make a contribution in the period of socialist in the recent period in gathering information, transformation and socialist construction. How soliciting opinions, helping redress wrongs made ever, they were unable to function for ten in gang-of-four days and mobilizing their mem years because of the ultra-Left line pursued by bers to work for China's modernization and ef m'f' Lin Biao and the gang of four during tbe cul forts to bring Taiwan back to the motherland. Revolutionary Committoo of the Kuomlntang mk — Interview with Qu Wu TAN MANN! Delesales to the conventions of ibe democratic parlies and tbe All-China Federa Xinhua tion of Industry and Comnrerce being greeted by Te Jianying, Deng Xiaoping, Li to disgraceful demands made on Xiannian and some other Communist Parly and ^tate leaders during the conven The Revolutionary Committee of tions. the Chinese Kuomlntang is China at the Versailles peace con one of the biggest of China's ference, Qu Wu, a student in his Qu Wu democratic parties. Speaking of its native Shaanxi province, and an current tasks, its vice-chairman, other representative of the Shaanxi Qu Wu, said, "We have two: One students came to Beijing and with council. Qu Wu later married the is to bring forth the initiative of other students pleaded with tears latter's daughter. our members and those people who in their eyes before president Xu have historical roots in the Kuo- Shichang to stop the signing. When IN 1926 the Kuomintang and the Democratic Parties Find New Role mintang Party •— to serve China's the answer was no, Qu Wu banged Corrununist Party had agreed to modernization: the other is to pro his head against the wall so that cooperate to overthrow the im mote the return of Taiwan in order blood poured from it. perialist-backed warlords and Sun to realize the unification of our The incident brought his name Yat-sen led in reorganization of the CHINA'S eight democratic parties held na Representatives of these parties, along country." to the attention of the whole na Kuomintang for this purpose. Qu tional conventions in Beijing last October. with those from the Communist Party and peo Eighty-one-year-old Qu Wu has tion, including Sun Yat-sen, leader Wu, then 27 and a student at Bei Two thousand five hundred delegates attended ple from all walks of life, participated in the spent almost his entire adult life of China's 1911 Revolution which jing University, was elected a these and a meeting of the National Federa Chinese People's Political Consultative Con working for democracy as a overthrew the Qing dynasty member of the executive committee tion of Industry and Commerce which was held ference in September 1949. At it they proclaim member of the Left wing of the monarchy and set up the Republic of the reorganized Kuomintang concurrently. ed the establishment of a people's democratic Kuomlntang Party. He recalled the of China. In 1914 Dr. Sun had central committee. The next year The close cooperation between these parties government, the People's ^public of China, two periods of cooperation between founded the Kuomintang Party to he went to the Soviet Union to and the Chinese Communist Party has its and adopted the Common Program of the • the Kuomlntang and the Chinese continue the fight for democracy. study. There he and his wife be roots in China's particular historical circum CPFCC. The latter, expressing the will of Communist Party and pointed out Sun sent Qu .Wu as his personal came close friends with one of stances. With members in their early days people from all walks of life to build China their lessons for today, representative to Shaanxi to win their classmates, Chiang Ching-kuo mainly from among the national bourgeoisie, into a socialist country under the leadership of support for his proposal to con (son of Chiang Kai-shek, presently upper strata of urban petty bourgeoisie, in When the patriotic anti- the Chinese Communist Party, served as a pro vene a national people's congress. head of the Taiwan authorities). tellectuals of these groups and other patriotic visional constitution until 1954. imperialist May Fourth Movement Another person who thought high In 1927 when the National people, they played an important role in Thus the Communist Party defined Us rela rose in 1919 to stop the northern ly of Qu Wu was Yu Youren, a Revolutionary Army, made up of China's new democratic revolution which tion with them as one of long-term coexistence warlord government from agreeing both Kuomintang and Communist culminated in the establishment of the Peo and mutual supervision. The latter is exercised veteran Kuomintang member who ple's Republic of China in 1949. mainly in the Cdmmunist Party's consultation TAN MANNI is a staff reporter tor had been president of the Kuomin Party members, was advancing China Reconstructs. tang government's supervisory successfully against the northern CHINA BECONSTRX;^^ FEBRVART 1880 its central people's government warlords, Chiang Kai-shek turned tary-General of the Sino-Soviet lowed, they were active in the against the revolution and began Friendship Association. A book he people's democratic revolution led and all the members of the KMT massacring Commimists. In August wrote, On the War Between Soviet by the Chinese Communist Party negotiation delegation were that year 22 members of the Kuo- Union and Germany, was highly and, due to their efforts, other appointed to responsible positions. mintang central committee issued a regarded by world strategists. patriotic forces in the Kuomintang They were also among those declaration stating that they were Although there was an did too. elected to the central leadership of against this sabotage of Kuomin- agreement for cooperation in By the spring of 1949 the the Revolutionary Committee of' tang-Communist cooperation and the Chinese Kuomintang.