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Feraru Ionel, Son Vrai Nom Est Finkelstein Izi 201 [13 martie 1952] Dates biographiques concernant le communiste Ionel Feraru 1. Nom et prénom: Feraru Ionel, son vrai nom est Finkelstein Izi. 2. Dernière fonction: Chef du Service de Contrôle Economique près la Milice Rayonnale de Galaþi. 3. Grade: Lieutenant de Milice. Il n’a pas fait le service militaire. 4. Age: 30 ans environ. 5. Taille: 1,60 m environ. 6. Cheveux: Noirs avec raie sur on côté. 7. 7. Yeux: Noirs. 8. Signes particuliers: Gras, avec un visage pointu orné d’une moustache. 9. Etat civil: Marié. Originaire de Galaþi où il a habité 26, rue Domneascã. 10. Etudes: Il a suivi l’école primaire et puis 4 classes du lycée juif. 11. Domicile: Habite à Galaþi, au 9 rue Instrucþiei. 12. Appartenance politique: Membre de l’UTM d’abord puis il devient membre du parti vers 1950. 13. Détails supplémentaires: Son père a étè un commerçant aisé à Galaþi ayant un magasin au 26, rue Domneascã. Il a changé de nom vers 1948. Il a étè 4 ans ab- sent de Galaþi. Avant d’être nommé chef du service économique, il était agent auprés de ce service. Il est extrémement brutal avec tous ceux qui lui tombent dans les mains; il les injurie et les frappe même. Il poursuit et brutalise notamment la population juive qui ressente une véritable terreur devant lui. Il ménait une activi- té propagandistique et faisait tout son possible afin d’empêcher les juifs d’émigrer en Israel. Pendant qu’il était agent de contrôle, il faisait partie de l’équipe des deux autres communistes: Kessler et Mãglãdeanu à qui il manque une oreille. 14. Caractérisation générale: Communiste fanatique, totalement au service du régime communiste. Il ne veut même plus entendre parler de ses parents, qu’il les qualifie „d’exploiteurs”. Il a arrêté et battu perssonellement son propre frère Moritz, qui faisait du marché noir. Communiste sans scrupules, extrémement dan- gereux et qui a reuissi d’être connu et d’introduir la terreur dans toute la popula- tion de Galaþi. [TRADUCERE] Date biografice referitoare la comunistul Ionel Feraru 1. Nume ºi prenume: Feraru Ionel, numele sãu adevãrat este Finkelstein Izi. 2. Ultima funcþie: ªeful Serviciului de Control Economic de pe lângã Miliþia raionalã Galaþi. 3. Gradul: Locotenent de miliþie. Nu a satisfãcut serviciul militar. 4. Vârsta: În jur de 30 ani. 5. Talia: Aproximativ 1,60 m. 6. Pãrul: Negru, cu cãrare pe o parte. 7. Ochii: Negri. 497 8. Semne particulare: Gras, cu o faþã dezagreabilã, împodobitã cu o mustaþã. 9. Starea civilã: Cãsãtorit. Originar din Galaþi, unde a locuit pe strada Domneascã, nr. 26. 10. Studii: A urmat ºcoala primarã ºi apoi 4 clase la Liceul evreiesc. 11. Domiciliu: Locuieºte la Galaþi, str. Instrucþiei, nr. 9. 12. Apartenenþa politicã: Mai întâi membru UTM, apoi a devenit membru de partid spre 1950. 13. Detalii suplimentare: Tatãl sãu a fost comerciant liber la Galaþi, având un magazin pe str. Domneascã nr. 26. ªi-a schimbat numele spre 1948. Timp de patru ani a lipsit din Galaþi. Înainte de a fi numit ºeful serviciului economic, a lucrat ca agent în cadrul acestui serviciu. Este extrem de brutal cu toþi cei ce-i cad în mânã; îi înjurã ºi chiar îi loveºte. Urmãreºte ºi brutalizeazã în mod deosebit populaþia evreiascã, care se simte terorizatã în faþa lui. Duce o activitate propagandisticã ºi face tot posibilul pentru a împiedica pe evrei sã emigreze în Israel. Cât a fost agent de control, a fãcu parte dintr-o echipã cu alþi doi comuniºti: Kessler ºi Mãglãdeanu, cãruia îi lipseºte o ureche. 14. Caracterizare generalã: Comunist fanatic, cu totul în serviciul regimului co- munist. Nu înþelege sã mai vorbeascã nici chiar de pãrinþii sãi, pe care îi calificã ca „exploatatori”. L-a arestat ºi l-a bãtut personal pe fratele sãu Moritz, ce practica specula pe piaþa neagrã. Comunist fãrã scrupule, extrem de periculos, care a reuºit sã se facã cunoscut ºi sã introducã teroarea în toatã populaþia Galaþiului. (Open Society Archives, Budapest, Box 193, Item No. 2242/54) 202 Communist Regime in Rumania Scored for Liquidating Jewish Communal Life Source Rome: Report of the Jewish World Congress of 2 March 1952 Date of Observation: March 1952 The story of the Communization of Rumanian Jewry, one of the largest Jewish communities in postwar Europe, was told this week in a 30-page report issued by the Institute of Jewish Affairs of the World Jewish Congress. The study, entitled ”Rumanian Jewry in the postwar period”, reported that the entire Zionist movement in Rumania has been liquidated, that other major na- tional Jewish organizations have been forced to disband and that Jewish commu- nity life is now a small group of Communists and other extreme leftists. Dozens of Zionists and other Jewish leaders are under arrest. Jewish charities have been nationalized and the synagogues have been forced to reorganize according to the dictates of the government. Jewish school have been nationalized and must teach in accordance with ”the progressive spirit of the age”, and Jewish cultural bodies have been virtually compelled to abandon their normal activity and to concentrate on spreading Communist ideology. In tracing the recent development of Rumanian Jewry, the report pointed out that the Jewish community, which had declined by more than one half to a post- 498 war population of 376,000 was convinced in the first days after the war that a new era of freedom had begun. The Constitution recognized Jews as equal citizens, and laws for restitution of property and lost positions were both enacted and enforced. ”The Jews worked for their rehabilitation with admirable vigor and diligence”, the report said. Synagogues and religious and communal organizations were re- vived; hospitals and homes for the aged were opened; dozens of schools were es- tablished; sixteen Jewish periodicals sprang up; Jewish businessmen rebuilt their firms relatively quickly. Communist front moves against Jewish organizations As the Communists tightened their hold on the country and transformed the Kingdom of Rumania into the ”Rumanian People’s Republic” in January 1948, however, the Jewish situation underwent a fundamental change. The Jewish Democratic Committee, weapon of the Communists, set out to capture the Jewish organizational structure and to crush the opposition. Thus, a campaign was launched against Dr. Filderman William, well-known leader of Rumanian Jewry during the 30 previous years, who had been persecuted by the Nazis but continued to fight against them. Although he was president of the Federation of Jewish Communities (and was highly respected), he disappeared from the political scene in 1946 and the Federation lost its importance. The Zionists, who had the support of a large section of the Rumanian Jewry, two-thirds, according to reliable sources, were next. The Jewish Party, Zionism’s political arm which had elected two deputies to Parliament in the 1946 elections, decided under attack to disband ”because its aims had been achieved”. The World Jewish Congress report commented, ”the conclusion is inescapable, that it did so under duress”. The Jewish Democratic Committee then forced two major Zionists fund-raising organizations, The Jewish National Fund and the Jewish Foundation Fund, to share the pro- ceeds of collections with it. In December 1948, the Central Committee of the Rumanian Workers’ (Communist) Party adopted a resolution condemning Zionism as ”a reactionary political movement of the Jewish bourgeois, which seeks to isolate the working Jewish population from the people in whose midst they live. Within the framework of the Jewish Democratic Committee, the Zionists engaged in acts of sabotage”. The Jewish Democratic Committee, therefore, in a series of purges, eliminated all Zionists, including leftists, from its membership. Committee ”activists” invaded the offices of various Zionists groups in Bucharest, smashed furniture and de- stroyed equipment. The Zionists after asking in vain for police protection, at- tempted to protect their offices themselves, and an actual physical struggle occurred, which lasted one week. Realizing that the battle was in vain, the gov- erning board of the official Zionist Organization adopted a resolution to suspend activities. Soon afterwards, training farms for Zionist youths planning to live a pioneer- ing agricultural life in Israel were closed by the authorities on a variety of pretexts. Tools were confiscated for alleged use on nearby farms; buildings were closed be- cause they allegedly violated sanitary regulations. 499 Numerous Jewish leaders arrested Persecution of Zionists and other non-Communist Jewish leaders continued. In 1950, forty Zionist leaders were arrested on charges of espionage and sabotage. In the summer of 1951, about 100 Jewish leaders were reported arrested. That Rumanian policy has not softened was indicated by reports from Israel that more than 40 additional Zionist leaders were arrested during the past two weeks. Economically, the position of the Jews quickly deteriorated. About two thirds of Rumania’s Jews were members of the middle-class, and many suffered when in- dustries were nationalized without compensation to their former owners. The re- port estimated that about 100,000 Jews were affected by these measures. The Communists proposed to absorb these people into the national economy by ”vo- cational readjustment”, but even a key official of the Democratic Committee later admitted that efforts in this direction had failed. In a new development, the government decided in 1951 to nationalize 18 Jewish hospitals, 3 lying-in hospitals, 30 dispensaries, 27 homes for the aged and other institutions. Jewish schools were also nationalized, and Jewish religious con- gregations were deprived of control over them. The congregations themselves were the subject of a statute for the organization of the Mosaic faith, which provided that only one Jewish congregation could exist in each city. Thus, congregations worshipping in different ways, such as the or- thodox and reform congregation, were compelled to merge into a single unit.
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