Resourceful Cities Berlin, 29-31 August 2013 From Exclusion to Co-operation – The Subversive Action of the Urban Camp Irit Katz Feigis Paper presented at the International RC21 Conference 2013 Session 24.1 Encapsulating, including, excluding: urban camps from a global perspective Draft version. Please do not circulate and do not cite without the permission of the author. PhD Candidate The Department of Architecture University of Cambridge 1-5 Scroope Terrace, Cambridge, CB2 1PX, UK
[email protected] 1 Abstract1 Since the early decades of the 20th century camps have been used as an instrument in order to suspend, control and administer land and population in Israel/Palestine. In a state of emergency, when the normal law is suspended, the camp is a quick translation of a political agenda or a humanitarian crisis into an ad-hoc act of construction where civic life and military action interacts. Within a specific context, the paper will analyse two neighbouring settlements in the southern Negev desert; Yerucham - created in the 1950s by the Israeli government as a Jewish immigrant absorption camp and eventually turned into a minor development town, and the neighbouring Rachme, an ‘unrecognised village’ which was created in the 1960s as an informal camp by the indigenous Bedouin population and is now struggling for government recognition. The paper will examine the relations between Yerucham and Rachme, which in opposition to the Israeli policy of ethnic segregation manage to act together in order to improve their own difficult reality. The paper will argue that camps have become a site for the emergence of new subjectivities which use legal, spatial and political actions to resist the oppressive power of the state, and that the abandonment and suspension of these two populations has expedited their resourceful co- operation in challenging the modes of traditional governance.