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S L BALTIC 3 Church of St. John the Baptist ST Explore O OD Centre for Contemporary Art R O NER W S OR G E T C Bessie Surtees House Brandling IN AR MEN Village LL H N A O C I C N C The Sage TO H George Stephenson Monument N Quayside Newcastle E Old General O University Jesmond Vale D Medical L Trinity House School Library Post Office A Welcome to Old Newcastle, Where the Story Begins North of England Institute of Mining S S Discovery & Stephenson Great North Museum and Mechanical EngineersOne square T Black Gate T represents Northern NewcastleE S approximately Visit Old Newcastle to explore nearly There are many more subtle layers and Discovery Museum St. Mary’s Stage ILL 4 minutes walk Literary & Vermont Hotel NEV O 2000 years of history all packed into social histories to explore. The Side is Newcastle City Centre R Philosophical CathedralUniversity half a square mile. Whether you want one of Newcastle’s remaining medieval Grainger Memorial Fountain C Society H to explore, take in the fine streets. Charles Avison once graced the Newcastle Central Station A architecture or discover the rich area with his tuneful concertos, in London R Quayside D heritage of the historic heart of style, whilst the workshop of Ralph Beilby St. Mary’s Cathedral Haymarket John Dobson Street J Bus Station O S Bessie Surtees Newcastle, there's something here and Thomas Bewick was at Amen Corner H

N Northumbria University T D Eldon Garden Shopping O for everyone. just behind St. Nicholas Cathedral. Admiral Centre R N B Castle O S O Moot Hall R Stepney Ouseburn E T N Northern Cumberland Grainger Town H Bank Lord Collingwood, who took over U Farm Print Arms E M Keep B Stables T E Haymarket T R City The Cluny & 36 Lime Street Explore the site of the Roman Fort of command at the Battle of Trafalgar (21st E L E A Library Alderman Fenwick’s House 4 St James’ N STR D The Star & Shadow Castle Stairs Pons Aelius or visit one of the UK’s finest Oct 1805) after the death of Admiral Lord NEVILLE S The & Leazes T Ouseburn Art Works Assembly Rooms Galleries examples of a Norman stone keep or Nelson, was baptised and married in St. St Andrew’s Church Bridge Hotel donjon. Stop in at The Cathedral Church Nicholas Cathedral and Mosley Street Bank of England Building Newcastle Central Station Central Arcade of St. Nicholas, with its fine 15th century was the first street to be lit by the Theatre Royal Lime Street Entrance to Ballast Blackfriars Victoria Tunnel Hills Lantern Tower which for centuries guided incandescent light bulb. Battle Field St Anne’s Church Ballast Hills Park Guildhall Central Exchange & Arcade & Chinatown Grainger Town ships up the Tyne or take a leisurely stroll St Ann’s T Ouseburn EE Barrage St Lawrence TR Park Swing around The Black Gate, a Barbican built City War Memorial H S Grey Street SandgateRT Mariners to the north entrance of the Castle during FO Wharf Walker Road Bridge Clayton Street the reign of King Henry III. Old Spillers Quay The Tyne Statue of Queen Victoria Theatre Church of St. John the Baptist Trinity Cross House & JosephCentre Cowen Statue Newcastle Cathedral Church of St. Nicholas House

Old General North of England Institute of Mining Post Office Quayside Discovery and Mechanical Engineers for Life St. Mary’s Black Gate Literary & Vermont Hotel Mushroom Emerson Chambers Cathedral Philosophical Side Gallery Society Quayside BALTIC Works Town Wall

Castle Moot Hall Bessie Surtees Keep Baltic Square Newcastle Central Station Castle Stairs Grainger Market Bridge Hotel & Stephenson Guildhall Tyne Bridge Mill Road The Sage Swing Centre Bridge Grainger Street for Life Gateshead Quays Discovery Town Wall The Sage & Stephenson High Level Hillgate Gateshead Bridge Quay Gateshead Grey’s Monument Quayside Heritage Hawks River Tyne Centre High Level Bridge Gateshead Road Hillgate Quayside Coach Parking East Quay Gateshead Further information about OldGateshead Newcastle Surrounding quarters and the work being carried out to revitalise Visitor information Transport Map legend Heritage the area can be found at: Old Newcastle showcases Nocturne Visitor Information Centres can help you For all local travel information, call Traveline Viewpoint Centre on 0871 200 2233, or visit a Nexus some of Newcastle’s finest www.oldnewcastle.org.uk plan your visit before you arrive and offer Visitor Information Centre Blackfriars & Chinatown Workplace Travelshop located within Metro Stations history and architecture… Gallery excellent advice while you are here - as Walking tours of Old Newcastle can be well as selling tickets and souvenirs to at Newcastle Central Station, Haymarket, Travel Information Centre Vane found at: Monument or Gateshead Interchange. On St. Nicholas Street, between the Grainger Town take home with you. Toilets High Street Cathedral and the Black Gate, you Contemporarywww.oldnewcastle.org.uk/walking- Newcastle Visitor Information Centres are Footpath Gatesheadtours will find an excellent spot for viewing GatesheadArt Interchange located at Market Street next to Central Cycleway the Cathedral, Black Gate and Quayside Town Centre Arcade and at Guildhall, Quayside. Coach Castle Keep. Multi-storey car parks Newcastle Visitor Information Quaylink Parking Gateshead Quays 0191 277 8000 Metro station Newcastle City Walking Tours Railway station Discovery & Stephenson 0191 277 8000 www.newcastlegateshead.com Buses Taxis To the best of our knowledge the information provided here was accurate at the time of going to print © 2010. Old Newcastle Discover Where the story begins

Welcome to Old Newcastle, where the story begins. Whether you want to explore, take in the fine architecture or discover the rich heritage of the historic heart of Newcastle, this guide will help you start and make the most of your visit.

Cathedral Church of St. Nicholas The Black Gate Castle Keep Moot Hall Cultural Life Church of St. John the Baptist High Level Bridge Stairs and Streets Its 15th century lantern tower dominates the Built between 1247 and 1250 during the reign The Castle Keep is one of the finest Norman The Grade I Listed Moot Hall was built in 1811 Around the Church of St. Nicholas a variety This 12th century Grade I Listed parish church Completed in 1849 and designed by Robert The Close and Side are two of Newcastle’s skyline of the area. Formerly Newcastle’s major of King Henry III, The Black Gate was the stone keeps or donjons surviving in Britain to replace the medieval Moot Hall as the County of market activities developed and this area is one of the oldest in Newcastle, erected Stephenson the High Level Bridge was the surviving medieval streets. parish church, it was given Cathedral status gatehouse to the barbican, and the last major today. It sits upon a steep-sided promontory Court. Traditionally a moot hall is a meeting became the main market district of Newcastle. around 1130. The Church was extended solution to a complex problem, that of spanning Amen Corner is where clergy came to the end in 1882, the same year that Newcastle was addition to the Castle defences. It strengthened guarding a vital crossing point over the River place or assembly building, particularly for These activities are commemorated in the several times before about 1450. Some 400 metres of river valley, 156 metres of which of prayer taken in procession around the outside made a City. It is the mother church of the the defences for the north gate of the Castle. Tyne on the site previously occupied by the deciding local issues. surrounding street names, including Cloth evidence of the original building remains, but is across water. Officially opened by Queen of the Cathedral. The workshop of Ralph Beilby most northerly diocese in England. There has The Black Gate is a Scheduled Ancient Roman fort Pons Aelius, an Anglo-Saxon The Moot Hall, along with the Castle Keep Market, Groat Market, and Bigg Market (‘bigg’ most of what can be seen is 14th century. Victoria in September 1849 it was the world’s and his apprentice and eventual business been a Christian church on this site for about Monument and is Grade I Listed. cemetery (serving a nearby settlement probably and the Cathedral Church of St. Nicholas, was a variety of barley grown in the North East In the chancel north window is the earliest first dual-decked rail and road bridge. partner Thomas Bewick were at Amen Corner. 900 years. called Monkchester) and the Norman castle of England). known representation of Newcastle’s coat of Consisting of an arched passage flanked by played a key role in the keeping of justice in The High Level Bridge, along with the Royal Dog Leap Stairs lead from the Castle Garth Dating mainly from the 14th and 15th centuries two towers it was approached by a turning from which the City takes its name. The Roman Newcastle through the ages. The Cathedral Charles Avison (1709 – 1770) was one of arms, in glass, dating from 1375. Newcastle Border Bridge at Berwick upon Tweed, bridge was somewhere near the modern University’s Society of Bell Ringers continues to Side. In 1772 Baron Eldon, later Lord with additions such as the 18th century library, bridge at both the front and rear. The bridges was used as the County Assizes court for two the finest English concerto composers of the completed the London-Edinburgh railway that Chancellor of England, eloped with Bessie the Grade I Listed Cathedral retains many could be closed quickly using counterweights Swing Bridge. years when the Old Moot Hall was demolished 18th century and music director of the the 500 year tradition of bells being rung in is now known as the East Coast Main Line. the Church. Surtees, the daughter of a local merchant. important features. Key among these are the and the front of the Black Gate could be sealed Robert Curthose, eldest son of William the in 1810. The Castle Keep was used as the Newcastle Music Society. He wrote more than The Grade I Listed High Level Bridge soon Local folklore suggests they made their escape early 15th century font, 16th century lectern by a portcullis. Conqueror, built the motte and bailey castle county gaol for many years. 40 concertos and was organist at St. Nicholas Inside the Church is a monument to Richard became a favourite landmark in Newcastle on horseback up Dog Leap Stairs however and the organ that was built in 1676 and is in 1080. Maurice the engineer rebuilt the The entrance is up a broad flight of sandstone Church from 1736 until his death. Grainger, a prominent figure in the urban and even inspired James Hill, a local fiddler, there is no solid evidence to support this. Dog still played today. Castle in stone between 1168 and 1178 for steps and Grecian portico to the entry hall and redevelopment of Newcastle who also worked to write the High Level Hornpipe in 1849. Leap Stairs is also mentioned in the 1978 With strong links to the sea and the Tyne the the King, Henry II and went on to design and magnificent staircase beyond, leading to a with John Dobson and Thomas Oliver. song ‘Down to the Waterline’ by Dire Straits. Cathedral’s spire, built in 1448, served as a build Dover Castle. King John added to it in balcony on the first floor. The chandelier lit Grainger’s work can be seen throughout the the early 13th century. City centre. A group of businessmen known as ‘Hostmen’ navigation point for ships in the Tyne for over Grand Jury Room has splendid views over the held a monopoly over the export of coal from 500 years. There is a memorial in the Cathedral After the completion of the town wall in the River Tyne and its bridges. Two traditional oak the River Tyne. They welcomed visiting to Danish seamen who died in the Second mid 14th century the Castle was isolated courtrooms dating from 1875 have trapdoors merchants, brought them up from the Quayside World War. within these new defences, and became in the docks leading down to the cell area with through the streets and chares and provided militarily redundant, but was refortified during original studded doors and shackle rings. them with accommodation as well as the Civil War (1642-1648). During the siege Both courts have Judges benches with oak introducing them to local traders. ’Hostmen’ of the town in 1644 the Castle became the canopies and extensive public galleries. acted as middlemen between coal producers last stronghold of the Royalist defenders. and shipping merchants. 40,000 Scottish troops successfully besieged Newcastle for three months. Nearby Mosley Street was the first street in Charles Avison the world to be lit by the incandescent light (Courtesy St. Nicholas Cathedral) bulb, invented by Sir Joseph Swan and first The height of the medieval building is unknown; demonstrated at the Literary & Philosophical the present top two floors, roof and additional Ralph Beilby (1743-1817) was a founder Society on Westgate Road in 1880. The street arch over the passage were added in the early member of Newcastle’s Literary & Philosophical facilitated east-west communication between 17th century when the gatehouse was turned Society. Proficient in many skills, Beilby took the Flesh Market and Pilgrim Street. The street into a house by Alexander Stephenson who over the family business and in 1767 he took was named after Mr Alderman Mosley who leased the Black Gate from King James I. on Thomas Bewick (1753-1828) as an was instrumental in promoting the material Other houses were gradually built within the apprentice engraver. Richard Grainger improvement of Newcastle. area enclosed by the Castle walls and around (Courtesy Newcastle Libraries) Collingwood Street, named after Admiral Lord the Black Gate. Thomas Bewick was most famous for his The High Level Bridge closed to traffic in 2005 for repairs and reopened in 2008, once again Collingwood, was opened in 1810 in the year ‘History of British Birds’, but he also illustrated The choir stalls were made by Robert ‘Aesop’s Fables’. He gave his name to the carrying trains on the higher level, and limited of his death and provided better through access Thompson of Yorkshire, and his trademark traffic and pedestrians below. between Pilgrim Street and Westgate. species Bewick’s Swan, and Bewick’s Wren. mouse can be seen if you look closely. The Bewick Memorial and a commemorative Robert Stephenson was a civil engineer. He Neville Street takes its name from Neville Tower. plaque mark where his workshop was at Amen Five of the windows were designed by William was the only son of George Stephenson, the Corner from about 1790. Wailes (1808 – 1881), who had one of famed locomotive builder and railway engineer. Described on completion as the most perfect England’s largest stained glass workshops in Robert Stephenson & Co. started the world's specimen of Doric architecture in the North of the 19th century. He also designed windows first, purpose-built locomotive factory on South England, the Moot Hall has columned porticos in Gloucester Cathedral, Chichester Cathedral, Street, here in Newcastle. It was in this factory at the front and rear. and the Roman Catholic Cathedral Church of that they designed 'The Rocket' which St. Mary, in Newcastle. Still used as a court room from Monday to competed in and won the 'Rainhill Trials'. As Friday it is not normally open to the public. a result Robert Stephenson & Co. were given One of the most important English concerto Facing the Moot Hall is the12-storey, the contract to produce locomotives for the composers of the 18th century Charles Avison Manhattan style, Northumberland County Hall new Liverpool & Manchester Railway. was born, worked and died in Newcastle. (now the Vermont Hotel), built in 1910. A In 1736 he was appointed organist at Grade II Listed building it was, until 1974, a St. Nicholas Cathedral (then church), giving The Castle Keep has many important features, detached part of the County of him both a regular income and musical status. including the late Norman chapel, with its Northumberland. carved chevrons and chains of beads, and the Inside the Cathedral a monument celebrates The name by which the Black Gate is now well, which is nearly 100 feet deep, allowing Nearby is the three-storey Bridge Hotel. It is Admiral Lord Collingwood, who played a central known refers to Patrick Black, a London fresh water to be provided to the Castle during an attractive, Grade II Listed, Art Nouveau role in the Battle of Trafalgar in 1805 and merchant who occupied the building later in a siege. For security, access to the Keep was public house, built around 1899 with Thomas Bewick successfully concluded the battle after Nelson the 17th century. via an external stair to the great hall on the spectacular views of Robert Stephenson’s was mortally wounded. He was baptised and Both Beilby and Bewick went on to great second floor. The climb to the roof, where High Level Bridge. Admiral Lord Collingwood married in St. Nicholas and each year a wreath There were many families and a number of success and only ended their partnership in shops in the Castle and during the 19th century guns were mounted in the 19th century and is laid in his memory in front of the monument 1797 after 20 years at Amen Corner. The tower was named after the Neville family, there was even a public house in the Black fired on ceremonial occasions, is well worth on 21st October, the date of the Battle of Earls of Westmorland, who had a seat at Raby Gate. it for the views of the River Tyne and its famous Ralph Hedley (1848-1913) designed the Trafalgar. bridges. Seven of the ten bridges between chancel furnishings for St. Nicholas Cathedral. Castle, County Durham. The Nevilles had a The Cathedral plays a focal role in the lives of By the early 19th century the Black Gate had Newcastle and Gateshead can be seen. He was a painter, woodcarver and illustrator town house, Westmorland Place, on the site become a slum tenement at one time housing of the present Literary & Philosophical Society many of Newcastle’s residents and holds many Call 0191 232 7938 for current opening hours best known for his paintings of everyday life 60 people. Only during the 1840s with the and North of England Institute of Mining and special services, events and exhibitions. and admission charges. in the North of England. Many of his works construction of the railway did the clearance can be seen in the Laing Art Gallery. Mechanical Engineers. of the area begin. Robert Stephenson

Back towards the Cathedral in Amen Corner can Neville Hall houses the Nicholas Wood memorial Founded in 1793 as a ‘conversation club’ Created by sculptor Sir Albert Gilbert, the be seen the so-called ‘Vampire Rabbit’. Mystery library, formed by the North of England Institute The Literary & Philosophical Society houses over Grade II* Listed Queen Victoria Monument stands surrounds this sculpture but its long ears suggest of Mining and Mechanical Engineers in 1852 and 150,000 books. The Society held various in front of St. Nicholas Cathedral. Unveiled in it might in fact be a hare. Is it a reference to hares, reputed to be the largest mining related library in groundbreaking demonstrations of new 1903, two years after Queen Victoria’s death, it a Christian symbol for the advent of spring, or a the world. The present Grade II* Listed building technology, such as George Stephenson’s was a gift from W.H. Stephenson, a politician reference to engraver Thomas Bewick, whose dates from 1872. Many of the North East’s finest miners’ safety lamp in 1815. The current building and wealthy company director who was Mayor workshop was nearby, and whose work included have been associated with, worked or lectured was opened in 1825 and is Grade II* Listed. The seven times. He was a generous benefactor of lecture theatre was the first public room to be lit many representations of hares? What do you here including Nicholas Wood, Sir William the City and also paid for the construction of Armstrong and Robert Stephenson. by electric light, during a lecture by Sir Joseph think? Whatever the explanation, it is certainly Swan in 1880. Past members include Sir William three libraries and two Methodist chapels. an entertaining addition to Newcastle’s Armstrong, Thomas Bewick, John Dobson, The monument was built to commemorate architecture. Richard Grainger, Charles 2nd Earl Grey, Robert 500 years of the office of Sheriff in Newcastle, Stephenson, Joseph Swan and Neil Tennant. first granted in 1400 by Henry IV.