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The Heralds of Peace and Stability NTRODUCTION / I VOD Ú MISIE-1.qxd 6. 5. 2003 7:38 Stránka 3 MINISTERSTVO OBRANY SLOVENSKEJ REPUBLIKY MINISTRY OF DEFENCE OF THE SLOVAK REPUBLIC BRATISLAVA 2003 MISIE-1.qxd 6. 5. 2003 7:38 Stránka 5 Poslovia mieru a stability The Heralds of Peace and Stability NTRODUCTION / I VOD Ú Svet sa na prelome 20. a 21. sto- At the turn of the century the roþia dramaticky mení. Po páde world is dramatically changing. železnej opony sa možno nakrátko The iron curtain having fallen zdalo, že sa stane stabilnejším down, it seemed to be a good start a bezpeþnejším. Ukazuje sa však, for the world to become a better že to bola ilúzia. Zjavili sa nové place, safer and more stable. ohrozenia, na ktoré sa musia štáty Unfortunately, that proves to have pripravovaĢ, a ak treba, tak im aj been an illusion. The new threats þeliĢ. A to nielen diplomaticky, the individual states have to face ekonomicky þi politicky, ale neraz have appeared. Responding to these i silou. involves not only diplomatic, econo- mic or political means, but someti- Azda najväþšou zmenou dneška je mes even using force. stieranie vzdialeností. ďudia, ale i kapitál þi informácie sa pohybujú What can be taken the most consi- z krajiny do krajiny, z kontinentu derable change is, perhaps, overco- na kontinent rýchlosĢou, aká nikdy ming the obstacle of distance in v minulosti nemala obdobu. Je to a rapidly shrinking world. People, vo svojej podstate pozitívny proces, no prináša so investments or information are transferred from a coun- sebou i daĖ, ktorú musíme za globalizáciu platiĢ. Vo try to country in a speed never dreamed of. By and large, sfére bezpeþnosti národov sa takto stávajú nebezpeþen- it is a positive process. However, it results in some risks stvá, ktoré boli donedávna zvládnuteĐné vnútornými we have to bear taking most of the advantages globalisa- prostriedkami štátov, stále viac globálnymi ohrozenia- tion brings with. In the sphere of security, the risks which mi. Nastal þas regionálnych konfliktov ovplyvĖujúcich could easily be detected and handled within one state, celé kontinenty a asymetrických ohrození neviditeĐný- gradually constitute global threats. The time has come mi protivníkmi. Úþinný zásah na stabilizáciu týchto when regional conflicts impact on whole continents and ohrození sa preto musí þasto vykonaĢ nie na mieste kde nations are faced with unpredictable threats from the side hrozí útok, ale tam, kde sa naĖ pripravujú podmienky. of invisible attackers. That is why the effective measures A to býva þasto veĐmi ćaleko od chránených území to stabilise these risks are to be taken not in the area našich štátov. where the security threat may arise, but preferably where Preto s tradiþným chápaním obrany vlasti, predovšet- it is being planned. This can often be thousands of miles kým ako obrany teritória domovského štátu, už nevy- from the territory of a particular state, which brings us to staþíme. Stále viac sa stretávame s novou koncepciou new dimensions of how to understand the term of state obrannej politiky, oznaþovanej zásadou „Out of Area“, defence. teda mimo územia. Znamená to, že nasadzovanie Traditional perception, suggesting defence was limi- ozbrojených síl mimo územia vlastného štátu sa prestá- ted to the territory of a particular state, acquired va chápa už len ako pomoc, i nebodaj expanzia. Na Ģ þ a new meaning. To date, we often come across the po iatku 21. storo ia sa použitie ozbrojených síl þ þ term „Out of Area“, which characterises the new con- ivemi aleko od hraníc domoviny stáva nesmierne Đ ć cept best. That means, the deployment of troops in the vážnym nástrojom základného bezpe nostného záujmu þ territory of other countries cannot be considered štátu. Toto je nový moment v zahrani nopolitickom þ a mere act of friendly help, or even worse, an expansi- a vojenskopolitickom uvažovaní. Je to tiež osi, omu þ þ on. On the threshold of a new century, military mis- nie celkom zodpovedá sú asný medzinárodný právny þ sions beyond borders of a home country are becoming rámec. a highly appreciated instrument of implementation of Slovensko po vzniku samostatného štátu v roku 1993 a state's basic security interests. This is to be conside- vstúpilo do tohto meniaceho sa sveta veĐmi aktívne. red the new moment in military-political, as well as Muselo budovaĢ svoju armádu, zodpovedaĢ si základné diplomatic concept. On the other hand, however, the Poslovia mieru a stability5 The Heralds of Peace and Stability MISIE-1.qxd 6. 5. 2003 7:38 Stránka 6 ÚVOD / INTRODUCTION otázky o tom, aká by mala byĢ, aké by malo byĢ jej international legal framework still does not fully cor- miesto v slovenskej zahraniþnej politike a ako bude respond with it. reagovaĢ na premeny bezpeþnostného prostredia súdo- bého Đudstva. Nazdávam sa, že na to, þo sa za prvé The independent Slovak republic, which came into exis- desaĢroþie v tejto oblasti vykonalo, môžeme byĢ hrdí. tence in 1993, did keep abreast of the challenges of the changing world. We had to shape the structure and orga- Naša vlasĢ, ale i naše ozbrojené sily majú autoritu a sú nisation of our own armed forces, come to agreement on súþasĢou vytvárania našej pozície vo svetovom spolo- the topical issues of their role in relation to the Slovak þenstve. Pozície, ktorá je iste ovplyvnená i našou geo- foreign policy and on how our armed forces should ref- grafickou, demografickou, ekonomickou a historickou lect the changing security environment. I believe we only realitou, ale zároveĖ je i výslednicou našej aktívnej can be proud of what we have achieved in this area in the politiky. Práve naša aktivita utvorila predpoklady na last decade, which was, at the same time, the first one of to, aby sa Slovensko stalo rešpektovanou demokratic- our country's existence as an independent state. kou krajinou, akceptovanou ako kandidát na þlenstvo v NATO i v Európskej únii. Naša schopnosĢ zabezpeþo- Our country, as well as our Armed Forces, enjoy credi- vaĢ svoju zahraniþnú politiku i pôsobením svojej bran- bility in the world and contribute highly to enhance our nej moci je základom toho, že naša pozícia nie je iba position among the other countries. This is no doubt darom, þi blahovôĐou iných mocností, ale je výsledkom partly true due to our geographical, economic and his- našej vlastnej þinnosti a našej vlastnej sily. torical background, but, what is more, it is a result of our active defence policy. It is our own initiative which A práve tu zohrali zahrani né misie príslušníkov slo- þ enabled Slovakia to become a respected democratic venských ozbrojených síl k ú ovú úlohu. Ukázalo sa, že Đ þ state, accepted as a NATO and EU candidate country. naši vojaci sú spo ahliví, stato ní a stále lepšie Đ þ Our ability and readiness to implement our foreign poli- vycvi ení a vybavení. Že na Slovensko a jeho armádu þ cy strategies also through our Armed Forces resulted in sa dá spo ahnú . Đ Ģ the fact our position does not depend on generosity of Vojenské misie slovenských ozbrojených síl významne the world powers but merely on our own will and capa- prispievajú ku stabilizácii viacerých regionálnych kon- bilities. fliktov. I my sme prispeli k tomu, aby bolo vo svete viac And this is where the Slovak peacekeeping troops played pokoja a vä šia stabilita. Toto je nesmierne dôležité þ the key role. Our soldiers proved to be brave, reliable, a máme už aj pozoruhodné skúsenosti. well-trained and well-equipped. They proved one can Najlepším dôkazom toho, že naši vojaci prinášajú always rely and depend on Slovakia and the Slovak poriadok a pokoj, sú ich dobré a priateĐské vzĢahy Armed Forces. Poslovia mieru a stability6 The Heralds of Peace and Stability MISIE-1.qxd 6. 5. 2003 7:39 Stránka 7 ÚVOD / INTRODUCTION s domácim obyvateĐstvom. Je to tak prakticky všade, Military missions of the Slovak Armed Forces have con- kde sú. Pritom nebolo to vždy tak hneć v þase, keć zo tributed highly to stabilisation of several regional con- Slovenska odchádzali. Vo viacerých prípadoch boli flicts, supporting peace and stability in the world. This is naši vojaci nasadení už v poþiatoþnej fáze Ģažkých kon- of the greatest significance and we have already gained fliktov a bojov. Boli súþasĢou mnohonárodných síl, remarkable experience. ktoré museli do týchto konfliktov zasiahnu a neraz ich Ģ The best proof of our soldiers promoting peace and sta- zvládnu i za pomoci masívneho použitia zbraní. Až Ģ bility is their good and friendly relationship with the local neskôr, po nastolení poriadku, sa ukázalo, že to bolo inhabitants, wherever they are deployed. It had not al- nevyhnutné a pozitívne. A udia ažko skúšaných krajín Đ Ģ ways been like this, though. In many cases our troops to už dnes oce ujú. Ė took part in early stages of the severe conflicts and bat- ÚþasĢ našich vojakov v konfliktoch ćaleko od hraníc tles, being part of multinational units directly involved in našej vlasti má už v našich moderných dejinách tradí- these conflicts, where often force had to be applied on ciu. Práve malé národy, ktoré museli zviesĢ zápas a massive scale as a respond to hostilities. Only later, o svoju existenciu, dobre vedia, že o národné záujmy je after peace had been installed, the war afflicted people niekedy potrebné bojovaĢ i mimo územia svojho štátu. understood the use of force was inevitable and positive in Už pri zrode prvej spoloþnej republiky s ýechmi to boli the end. And with the lapse of time they do appreciate it. zahrani né légie. Po as druhej svetovej vojny sa þ þ The roots of participation of our soldiers in conflicts o zápas s nacistickým Nemeckom postarali z ve kej Đ beyond borders of our country reach back into our miery slovenskí a eskí vojaci v zahrani nom odboji.
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