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Natoreview Contents NATONATOreview contents Published under the authority of the Secretary General, this magazine is intended to contribute to a constructive discussion of Atlantic issues. Articles, therefore, do not necessarily represent FOCUS ON NATO official opinion or policy of member 4 governments or NATO. Alliance news in brief. EDITOR: Christopher Bennett ASSISTANT EDITOR: Vicki Nielsen PRODUCTION ASSISTANT: Felicity Breeze LAYOUT: NATO Graphics Studio © Nick Sidle — Allied Mouse and Heartstone Publisher:Director of Information and Press NATO, 1110 Brussels, Belgium THE PEACEKEEPING CHALLENGE Printed in Belgium by Editions Européennes 6 © NATO Peacekeeping past and present [email protected] [email protected] Espen Barth Eide examines the Articles may be reproduced, after permission has evolution of peacekeeping since the ON THE COVER been obtained from the editor, provided mention Cold War. is made of NATO Review and signed articles are NATO peacekeeper welcomes reproduced with the author’s name. returning Kosovo Albanian NATO Review is published periodically in English, refugee home. as well as in Czech, Danish (NATO Nyt), Dutch (NAVO Kroniek), French (Revue de l’OTAN), German (NATO Brief), Greek (Deltio NATO), Hungarian (NATO Tükor), Italian (Rivista della NATO), Norwegian (NATO Nytt), Polish (Przeglad NATO), Portuguese (Noticias da OTAN), Spanish (Revista de la OTAN) and Turkish (NATO Dergisi). One issue a year is published in Icelandic (NATO DEBATE Fréttir) and issues are also published in Russian and Ukrainian on an occasional basis. 16 NATO Review is also published on the NATO web Can soldiers be peacekeepers site at www.nato.int/docu/review.htm. 9 and warriors? Hard copy editions of the magazine may be Combining combat readiness BILL NASH VS JOHN HILLEN obtained free of charge by readers in the follow- and compassion Should combat troops be commit- ing countries from the addresses given below: Christopher Bellamy argues that ted to peacekeeping operations? CANADA: Foreign Policy Communications Division peacekeeping is anything but an Will this dull their war-fighting Department of Foreign Affairs and Int’l Trade activity for wimps. skills? 125 Sussex Drive Ottawa, Ontario K1A 0G2 UNITED KINGDOM: Communication Planning Unit Ministry of Defence Room 0370 Main Building REVIEW London SW1A 2HB 21 UNITED STATES: NATO Review - US Mission to NATO Instant history PSC 81 Box 200 - APO AE 09724 Jamie Shea reviews five books Requests from other countries or for other NATO which have already appeared on publications should be sent to: NATO’s Kosovo campaign. NATO Office of Information and Press 1110 Brussels, Belgium Fax: (32-2) 707 1252 E-MAIL: [email protected] 12 Every mention in this publication of the former Lessons learned Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia is marked by an David Lightburn compares how INTERVIEW asterisk (*) referring to the following footnote: NATO and the United Nations are 24 Turkey recognises the Republic of Macedonia with its constitutional name. applying lessons learned in the General Sir Rupert Smith: Balkans. DSACEUR 2 NATO review Summer 2001 Volume 49 Summer 2001 The latest issue of the new-look NATO Review has again generated a large mailbag, including requests for a letters’ page. In response, this feature will be added in a future edition. This time, the central theme is peacekeep- ing, an area in which the Alliance has become increasingly involved in recent years. Espen Barth Eide, state secretary in the Royal Norwegian Ministry of Foreign Affairs, SPECIAL examines the evolution of peacekeeping since the Cold 26 War. Christopher Bellamy, professor of military science Increasing Italy’s input and doctrine at Cranfield University, argues that peace- Carlo Scognamiglio-Pasini explains keeping is anything but an activity for wimps. And David Italy’s expanded role in Balkan Lightburn of the Pearson Peacekeeping Center compares peacekeeping operations. how NATO and the United Nations are applying lessons learned in the Balkans. In the debate, Bill Nash, director of the Council on Foreign Relations’ Center for Preventive editorial Action, and John Hillen, a security consultant to US President George W. Bush’s election campaign, discuss whether soldiers can be both peacekeepers and warriors. This subject is revisited in the interview, in which, among other subjects, General Sir Rupert Smith, Deputy Supreme Allied Commander Europe, gives his views on the appropriate tasks for soldiers in peacekeeping opera- tions. In the book review, Jamie Shea, director of NATO’s 28 Office of Information and Press, reviews five books which Reforming Poland’s military have already appeared on the Alliance’s Kosovo campaign. Bronislaw Komorowski explains Elsewhere, Bronislaw Komorowski, Poland’s defence min- Poland’s military reform pro- ister, explains his country’s military reform programme. gramme. And Carlo Scognamiglio-Pasini, a former Italian defence minister, explains Italy’s expanded role in Balkan peace- keeping operations. Finally, 25 years after the Committee on Women in the NATO Forces was formally recognised, MILITARY MATTERS Vicki Nielsen, NATO Review assistant editor, examines 30 the extent to which women have been integrated in Women in uniform NATO armies. Statistics illustrating the numbers of Vicki Nielsen examines the integra- women in NATO forces and peacekeeping operations tion of women in NATO armed round out the issue. forces. Christopher Bennett Vacancies at NATO Nationals of NATO countries may apply for all posts on NATO’s STATISTICS International Staff. Details of vacancies, procedures and 34 application forms are available on the NATO web site at: Women in NATO forces http://www.nato.int/structur/recruit/index.htm Peacekeeping operations Summer 2001 NATO review 3 FOCUS ON NATO On 20 June, NATO Ambassadors The Committee on Women in the SACLANT meets SACEUR agreed in principle to a request by NATO Forces celebrated its 25th The Supreme Allied Commander President Boris Trajkovski of the anniversary at a meeting from 10 to Atlantic, General William F. Kernan, former Yugoslav Republic of 15 June, which was exceptionally paid his first visit to SHAPE on 16 and Macedonia* for NATO assistance to held in Rome, Italy, to mark the 17 May 2001 to meet SACEUR demilitarise ethnic Albanian extrem- Italian Armed Forces’ first intake of General Joseph W. Ralston and his ists, on condition that the parties pur- female recruits last year. staff. sue political dialogue successfully and cease hostilities. Instructions Defence ministers from NATO mem- Lord Robertson met Albanian were given for an Operational Plan to ber and Partner countries gathered in President Rexhep Meidani, Prime be drawn up on this basis. Brussels, Belgium, for their six- Minister Ilir Meta, Foreign Minister monthly meetings on 7 and 8 June. Paskal Milo and Defence Minister NATO Secretary General Lord Key items of discussion were the Ishmail Lleshi in Tirana, Albania, Robertson visited Skopje, the former development of EU-NATO relations, where they discussed developments Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia* on implementation of the Defence in the region and defence reform. 14 June to meet President Boris Capabilities Initiative, missile defence Trajkovski and Prime Minister Ljubco and the crisis in the former Yugoslav Croatian Prime Minister Ivica Racan Georgievski and other key political Republic of Macedonia.* met Lord Robertson at NATO and figures for talks about how to end the addressed NATO Ambassadors on 16 insurgency of ethnic Albanian Armenian President Robert Alliance, as well as strengthening May. They discussed Croatia’s contri- extremists. Kocharian came to NATO on 6 June NATO’s partnerships and the bution to regional stability as well as to meet Lord Robertson. They dis- Alliance’s relations with Russia and the year-old government’s pro- Bush visit cussed Armenia’s continued partner- Ukraine. gramme of political reform. ship with NATO as well as the tension with Azerbaijan over Nagorno- Lord Robertson visited Dubrovnik, Between 15 and 26 May, seven NATO Karabakh. Croatia, on 31 May to address a con- nations provided forces for Damsel ference on Key steps for European Fair 2001, an exercise in Kusadasi Nearly 100 generals converged on integration: promoting peace and Bay, off the coast of Turkey, aimed at Supreme Headquarters Allied prosperity in South East Europe. exercising all aspects of mine-war- Powers Europe (SHAPE) for the fare planning, execution and analysis. annual conference organised by The question of NATO enlargement Supreme Allied Commander Europe dominated discussions at the five- (SACEUR) General Joseph W. day spring meeting of the NATO Ralston on 5 and 6 June. Two key Parliamentary Assembly, held in topics were NATO’s 1999 Strategic Vilnius, Lithuania, between 27 and Concept and its consequences for 31 May. forces and capabilities, and an assessment of NATO’s Balkans oper- In a statement on 24 May, Lord ations. Robertson strongly condemned recent actions by extremist groups in Fourteen NATO member and Partner the former Yugoslav Republic of countries took part in Exercise Baltops Macedonia,* particularly their con- NATO Chiefs of Staff held a series of 2001, a peace-support operation in the tinued presence in several occupied meetings at NATO among themselves NATO heads of state and govern- Baltic Sea from 1 to 18 June. villages and their attacks on govern- and with Partner country counter- ment met at NATO on 13 June for a ment security forces. parts on 15 and 16 May. Key topics special session of the North Atlantic On 1 and 2 June, Lord Robertson vis- included Balkan peacekeeping, the Council during the first official visit of ited Rome, Italy, to attend Italy’s Buffer zone opens situation in the former Yugoslav US President George W. Bush to annual military parade and to meet The phased return of Yugoslav and Republic of Macedonia,* developing Europe. Discussions covered all key President Carlo Azeglio Ciampi, out- Serbian security forces to Sector B EU-NATO relations, NATO’s force issues on NATO’s agenda, including going Defence Minister Sergio of the Ground Safety Zone, the structure review and discussions missile defence.
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