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2017 Friends of the University of Montana Herbarium Newsletter

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2017 Friends of the University of Montana Herbarium Newsletter University of Montana ScholarWorks at University of Montana Newsletters of the Friends of the University of Montana Herbarium Herbarium at the University of Montana Spring 2017 2017 Friends of The University of Montana Herbarium Newsletter Peter Lesica Follow this and additional works at: https://scholarworks.umt.edu/herbarium_newsletters Let us know how access to this document benefits ou.y Recommended Citation Lesica, Peter, "2017 Friends of The University of Montana Herbarium Newsletter" (2017). Newsletters of the Friends of the University of Montana Herbarium. 22. https://scholarworks.umt.edu/herbarium_newsletters/22 This Newsletter is brought to you for free and open access by the Herbarium at the University of Montana at ScholarWorks at University of Montana. It has been accepted for inclusion in Newsletters of the Friends of the University of Montana Herbarium by an authorized administrator of ScholarWorks at University of Montana. For more information, please contact [email protected]. FRIENDS Of The University Of Montana HERBARIUM Spring 2017 WHERE ARE ALL THE MONTANA MOSSES? Joe C. Elliott The Flora of North America (FNA) Volumes 27 and subsequent growth of the sporophyte. Boreal habitats tend to be 28 includes 1,415 species of North American mosses, of which cool and moist, which is compatible with the cool-season pho- more than 500 taxa (i.e., species, subspecies, and varieties) have tosynthetic physiology of mosses and their need for water in the been recorded in Montana. Encompassing two floristic prov- reproductive process. The circumboreal distribution on several inces, Cordilleran and Great Plains, and bordering the Boreal continents is probably a result of highly mobile spores that are Province, Montana has a rich moss flora created by habitat di- very small and easily carried in wind, much like pollen. Trans- versity that reflects the ecological integration of elevation, sub- port over large expanses of ocean, between continents, does not strate, climate, and glaciation. Species associated with the three appear to have posed a significant barrier to this large group of floristic provinces occur in Montana where ecological condi- mosses. tions are typical of the province over its geographic range. For Thirty percent of Montana moss species are most often found example, many species with affinities for the conifer forest of in the North American Cordilleran Province that extends from western Montana (Cordilleran and Boreal species) are also pre- Alaska south to California and Arizona, compared to 45 percent sent in the isolated mountain ranges of central Montana where of Montana’s vascular plants. Approximately 14 percent of the montane environment is cooler and wet- mosses are mostly restricted to the Pacific Northwest part of the ter than the surrounding prairie and steppe. Tetraplodon mnioides Cordilleran Province. Species of cosmopolitan The biogeography of mosses and vascular mosses and vascular plants comprise similar plants differ in that mosses tend to have proportions of the Montana flora. Cosmopoli- wider ranges of distribution, often including tan mosses include a group of mosses that are several continents in both hemispheres, with “weedy” and colonize disturbed soils and bare many species being cosmopolitan. More rock, concrete, and roofs. One of these is the than 75 percent of families of bryophytes are tiny, silvery Bryum argenteum , the “sidewalk moss,” that is ubiquitous in sidewalk cracks widespread in both hemispheres, with more D. Bartonby than half of the North American species also throughout Missoula. occurring outside of this continent. Like Mosses differ from vascular plants in having vascular plants, mosses exhibit one of three lower levels of endemism, which is probably patterns of distribution: widespread in sev- due to the long distance dispersal capacity of eral floristic provinces (cosmopolitan), dis- moss spores. Peaks of endemic richness of continuous among floristic provinces North American moss flora are in northern (disjunct), and restricted to a floristic prov- California, the Pacific Northwest, and in the ince or part of a floristic province (endemic). southern Appalachians. Montana has only two Information in the FNA and Manual of species of mosses that are narrow endemics Montana Vascular Plants (2012) indicates (restricted to small areas within a floristic prov- differences in biogeography between Mon- ince). Grimmia brittoniae was first collected in tana mosses and vascular plants (Table 1, Bad Rock Canyon near Columbia Falls by R.S. page 3). Differences between mosses and Williams in 1897, and was rediscovered at the vascular plants are most pronounced in floristic affinities that same site in 1997. This rare moss, growing on rock faces that they demonstrate for the Boreal and North American Cordil- are wet in spring, has been documented from 49 locations in leran provinces. Most Montana mosses (34 percent) are cir- western Montana and adjacent Idaho. Drepanocladus cardoti- cumboreal, with only about 1 percent being restricted to North tii , perhaps the rarest Montana moss, was collected from Ava- American boreal habitats. The relatively large proportion of lanche Basin in Glacier National Park in 1898, and has not been boreal mosses is probably associated with their mode of repro- found anywhere in the World since the collection of the type duction, which requires that antheridia and archegonia be con- specimen. nected through a film of moisture to allow fertilization and (Continued on page 3) Notes from the Board Friends One way or another it all boils down to politics. Given the re- of the University of Montana cent political machinations regarding Russian intrusion into our election process, I asked myself, why would the Russians stop at Herbarium a mere election? Could they not subvert our world of botanical systematics? And sure enough, there was the proof of Soviet meddling resting right in our precious MONTU herbarium. Her- Division of barium sheets of winterfat, a prime winter browse of proud Biological Sciences American sheep, had been annotated Krascheninnikovia lanata , University of ostensibly relegating Eurotia and Ceratoides to the dustbin of his- Montana tory and elevating a Soviet moniker. What is next—Takhtajania Missoula, MT 59812 tridentata or Putinia tridentata for sagebrush? One can see where this infamy might go. But since our president and President Putin The Mission of the are such good buddies, I worry that an infusion of capital into the Friends is to secure nation’s herbaria may not be high on President Trump’s to-do list support for and to of projects to “make America great again.” enrich the What MONTU lacks to effectively fulfill its mission is more collections and cabinet space, and for significant cost effectiveness at least 10-14 operations of cabinets are needed. I have spent many hours in three herbaria: The UM Herbarium University of New York at Albany, Washington State University, ————————————————————— and the herbarium at Missoula’s Forestry Sciences Lab. I was in the process of becoming a plant ecologist. To be credible, a plant Board of Directors ecologist must be certain of the identification of all specimens and the best test of an accurate identification is to compare one’s de- Steve Cooper terminations to herbarium specimens, particularly annotated Dave Hanna specimens. The herbaria at the afore-cited institutions were Pete Husby housed in windowless, florescent-lit basements resembling cata- Jessie Salix combs with their cheerless ambiance. In contrast, the University of Montana Herbarium (MONTU) is a breath of fresh air with a Scott Mincemoyer, president prime location, natural lighting, a splendid view of campus, win- Shannon Kimball, secretary, dows that open, and is generally well-equipped for its mission, ex officio board member but for this one problem of cabinet space. Herbarium maven Shannon Kimball is proposing some stop-gap The Friends Newsletter measures that call for considerable sacrifice on her part as well as Edited by that of office-mate Marilyn Marler. Making MONTU great again Peter Lesica will require sacrifice from all of its supporters. For my part, I will Layout & Copy Editing by be trying to annotate specimens I collected some time ago and Drake Barton and Kathy Lloyd which Peter Stickney pronounced “nice” (pretty high praise from Peter). Perhaps the accumulation of specimens lacking appropri- ate housing will be a spur to university administrators to conse- 2017 FOH Annual Meeting crate space to its greatest use, an expanded, really “huge, huge” herbarium. Until then we are hoping that the Friends of the UM The annual business meeting of the Friends of Herbarium will step up to the plate again. To this end, President the UM Herbarium will be held Saturday, No- Trump has promised to float one of his signature Tweets for every vember 18 from 10 AM to 2:00 PM. The meeting $100 we raise. Let the contributions flow. will be held in Rm. 202 of the Natural Sciences Steve Cooper Building on the UM Campus. This is the annual meeting of the Board of Directors and is open to the membership. Page 2 ...Moss (Continued from page 1) stygium ), dung of forest carnivores ( Tetraplodon angustatus Twenty-five species of moss are regional endemics with cen- and T. mnioides ), and soils enriched with metals ( Haplodontium ters of distribution in the Pacific Northwest and reach Montana macrocarpum ). Rich fen habitats are present where cold water, on the eastern edge of their range. These mosses include four
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