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Jamhuri Ya Muungano Wa Tanzania Bunge La Tanzania

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Jamhuri Ya Muungano Wa Tanzania Bunge La Tanzania JAMHURI YA MUUNGANO WA TANZANIA BUNGE LA TANZANIA KAMATI YA PAMOJA MAONI NA SHAURI WA KAMATI KUHUSU MUSWADA WA SHERIA YA MAPITIO NA MAJADILIANO KUHUSU MASHARTI HASI KATIKA MIKATABA YA MALIASILI ZA NCHI WA MWAKA 2017 [THE NATURAL WEALTH AND RESOURCES CONTRACTS (REVIEW AND RE- NEGOTIATION OF UNCONSCIONABLE TERMS)] BILL, 2017 Ofisi ya Bunge S.L.P 941 Dodoma 3 JULAI 2017 1 MAONI NA USHAURI WA KAMATI YA PAMOJA KUHUSU MUSWADA WA MAPITIO NA MAJADILIANO KUHUSU MASHARTI HASI KATIKA MIKATABA YA MALIASILI ZA NCHI WA MWAKA 2017 [THE NATURAL WEALTH AND RESOURCES CONTRACTS (REVIEW AND RE-NEGOTIATION OF UNCONSCIONABLE TERMS)] BILL, 2017 _______________________________ 1.0 UTANGULIZI Mheshimiwa Spika, Kanuni ya 7 (3) ya Nyongeza ya Nane ya Kanuni za Kudumu za Bunge, Toleo la Januari, 2016 inampa Spika, mamlaka ya kuunda Kamati ya Pamoja itakayojumuisha Kamati mbili au zaidi kwa ajili ya kulifanyia kazi jambo ambalo kwa busara zake ataona linaweza kufanyiwa kazi na Kamati hizo husika. Kwa kuzingatia mamlaka hayo ya kikanuni, Mheshimiwa Spika, aliunda Kamati ya pamoja na kuipa majukumu rasmi ya kuchambua, kutoa maoni na mapendekezo kuhusu Muswada wa Mapitio na Majadiliano kuhusu Masharti Hasi katika Mikataba ya Maliasili za Nchi wa Mwaka 2017 [The Natural Wealth and Resources Contracts (Review and Re-Negotiation of Unconscionable Terms)] Bill, 2017 iliyowasilishwa Bungeni tarehe 29Juni, 2017. Kamati hiyo ya pamoja ilijumuisha Kamati Nne za Kudumu za Bunge ambazo ni Kamati ya Nishati na Madini, Kamati ya Katiba na Sheria, Kamati ya Ardhi, Maliasili na Utalii pamoja na Kamati ya Sheria Ndogo. 2 Mheshimiwa Spika, kwa mujibu wa Kanuni ya 86 (5) ya Kanuni za Kudumu za Bunge, Toleo la 2016, naomba kuwasilisha Maoni ya Kamati ya Bunge ya Pamoja, kuhusu Muswada wa Mapitio na Majadiliano kuhusu Masharti Hasi katika Mikataba ya Maliasili za Nchi wa Mwaka 2017 [The Natural Wealth and Resources Contracts (Review and Re-Negotiation of Unconscionable Terms)] Bill, 2017. Mheshimiwa Spika, Kamati ilikutana kwa mara ya kwanza na Serikali, katika Ukumbi wa Pius Msekwa (Ofisi za Bunge), Dodoma mnamo tarehe 30 Juni, 2017 ambap Kamati ilipokea maelezo kuhusu Muswada husika kutoka kwa Waziri wa Katiba na Sheria. 1.1 Maelezo ya Jumla ya Muswada:- Mheshimiwa Spika, kwa mujibu wa Kanuni ya 84 (1) ya Kanuni za Kudumu za Bunge, Kamati ilipokea Muswada huu tarehe 30 Juni, 2017 na siku hiyo hiyo Serikali ilifika na kuwasilisha Taarifa kuhusu madhumuni ya muswada huu. Kwa maelezo ya Serikali, muswada huu unakusudia kufanya yafuatayo:- a) Kuweka utaratibu ambapo Wanachi kupitia Bunge la Jamhuri ya Tanzania watakuwa na Mamlaka ya kupitia na kujadili makubaliano na Mikataba yote inayohusu raslimali za nchi ambayo imefungana na Jamhuri ya Tanzania, kwa lengo la kujiridhisha endapo masharti ya 3 makubaliano na Mikataba hiyo haikinzani na maslahi ya Wanachi na Taifa kwa ujumla. b) Kutekeleza matakwa ya Kikatiba chini ya Ibara ya 8, 9 na 27 za Katiba ya Jamhuri ya Muungano wa Tanzania, ambazo zinatoa wajibu kwa kila Mtanzania kushiriki kikamilifu kulinda mali na raslimali za nchi kwa maslahi ya Watanzania na Jamhuri ya Muungano kwa ujumla. c) Kwa muktadha huo, Sheria inayopendekezwa inalipa Mamlaka Bunge kupitia Mikataba yote inayohusiana na maliasili za nchi ambayo imeingiwa na Jamhuri ya Muungano ili kujiridhisha kwa masharti yaliyomo katika Mikataba na kama yamezingatia maslahi ya Watanzania na Taifa kwa ujumla. 1.2 Dhana na Maudhui Muswada Mheshimiwa Spika, lengo la kuwasilisha mapitio na majadiliano kuhusu masharti hasi katika mikataba inayohusu maliasili za nchi (The Natural Wealth and Resources Contracts (Review and Re-Negotiation of Unconscionable Terms) Act, 2017 ni kuwajulisha Wajumbe dhana ya msingi katika Muswada unaopendekeza kutungiwa Sheria. Mwanzoni mwa miaka ya 1950, nchi nyingi za Afrika na nchi nyingine Duniani zilianza kupata uhuru kutoka kwa wakoloni. Msingi wa ukoloni ulilenga kuchukua maliasili na rasilimali za 4 nchi zilizotawaliwa ili kuwanufaisha watawala hao kiuchumi na maendeleo ya viwanda. Kutokana na changamoto ya kuchukuliwa maliasili na rasilimali za nchi zilizotawaliwa na wakoloni, mnamo tarehe 14 Disemba, 1962 Baraza Kuu la Umoja wa Mataifa (United Nations General Assembly) lilipitisha Azimio Namba 1803 (XVII) (UNGA Resolution 1803 (XVII)) ambalo limeweka masharti ya namna ambavyo Mikataba inayoingiwa na nchi juu ya rasilimali inapaswa kuwa, kwa mfano Kanuni ya 8 ya Azimio Namba 1803 (XVII) (UNGA Resolution 1803 (XVII)) inaeleza kuwa Mikataba ya Uwekezaji wa Nje (Foreign Investment Agreements) ni lazima iingiwe kwa nia njema ambapo mataifa na mashirika ya kimataifa yatalazimika kuheshimu mamlaka ya nchi katika maliasili na rasilimali zake kutokana na Mkataba wa Umoja wa Kimataifa na misingi iliyowekwa katika azimio hili. Msingi wa Kanuni hiyo ya Azimio la Umoja wa Mataifa linafanana na maudhui ya Ibara ya 4 (2) (3) ya Muswada huu ambayo pia inaeleza kwa upana juu ya masuala ya kuzingatia wakati Bunge likipitia Mikataba na Makubaliano mbalimbali yaliyoingiwa na Serikali. Mheshimiwa Spika, suala la ulinzi wa maliasili za nchi linaonekana katika nchi nyingine za Afrika, kama vile Namibia ambayo kabla ya mwaka 1974 rasilimali za nchi hiyo hazikuwa zinalindwa na kupelekea kupoteza mapato mengi ya nchi hiyo. Mnamo mwaka 1974 Baraza la Umoja 5 wa Mataifa lilitunga Tamko (Decree No.1) la ulinzi wa maliasili ya Namibia. Lengo kuu lilikuwa ni kuweka ulinzi madhubuti wa maliasili zilizo ndani ya mipaka ya nchi ya Namibia. Mheshimiwa Mwenyekiti, msingi wa Tamko hilo kwa nchi ya Namibia limesaidia kuweka utaratibu ambao mpaka sasa umendelea kulinda na kusimamia rasilimali za nchi hiyo kwa manufaa ya wananchi wake. Mheshimiwa Spika, ujio wa Muswada huu wa Sheria ya Mapitio na Majadiliano kuhusu masharti hasi katika Mikataba inayohusu Maliasili za nchi na jitihada zinazofanywa na Mheshimiwa Rais wa Jamhuri ya Muungano wa Tanzania zinaifanya Nchi ya Tanzania kuwa ni miongoni mwa Nchi za Afrika zilizochukua jitihada zake binafsi katika kulinda, kusimamia na kuendeleza rasilimali zote za nchi kwa manufaa ya taifa. Mheshimiwa Spika, usimamizi wa rasilimali za Taifa unaowekwa na Misingi ya Muswada huu wa Sheria, utasaidia katika kuongeza mapato ya nchi (GDP) na mwananchi mmoja mmoja (Per Capital Income) yanayotokana na rasilimali mbalimbali. Vilevile usimamizi madhubuti wa rasilimali za nchi kupitia Muswada huu wa Sheria utasaidia kuboresha huduma mbalimbali za kiuchumi kama vile ujenzi wa miundombinu, huduma za afya na elimu. 6 1.3 Msingi wa Kikatiba Mheshimiwa Mwenyekiti, Msingi wa Mswada huu unatokana na maudhui ya Ibara ya 63(2) ya Katiba ya Jamhuri ya Muungano wa Tanzania,1977 ambayo inalipa Bunge jukumu la kuwa ni chombo kikuu cha Jamhuri ya Muungano ambacho kitakuwa na madaraka kwa niaba ya wananchi kuisimamia na kuishauri Serikali na vyombo vyote vinavyotekeleza majukumu yake kwa mujibu wa Katiba hii. Hivyo basi msingi wa upitiaji wa Mikataba ambao unawekwa na Muswada huu wa Sheria utasaidia katika kuishauri Serikali katika eneo hilo na pia kuwawakilisha wananchi katika masuala yanayohusu rasilimali za nchi. Mheshimiwa Mwenyekiti, Lengo la Muswada huu ni kuhakikisha kila mtanzania anashiriki kikamilifu katika ulinzi wa Rasilimali za nchi. Kwa mfano Katiba ya Jamhuri ya Muungano wa Tanzania, 1977 chini ya Ibara ya 8 inasema; “Jamhuri ya Muungano wa Tanzania ni Nchi inayofuata misingi ya Kidemokrasia na Haki ya Kijamii na kwahiyo- a) Wananchi ndio msingi wa mamlaka yote na Serikali itapata Madaraka na Mamlaka yake yote kutoka kwa wananchi kwa mujibu wa Katiba hii; 7 b) Lengo kuu la Serikali litakuwa ni ustawi wa wananchi; c) Serikali itawajibika kwa wananchi; d) Wananchi watashiriki katika shughuli za Serikali yao kwa mujibu wa masharti ya Katiba hii. 1.4 Ushirikishwaji wa Wadau:- Mheshimiwa Spika, Kamati ilitekeleza kikamilifu sharti la Kanuni ya 84 (2) ya Kanuni za Kudumu za Bunge, Toleo la Januari, 2016 kuhusu ushirikishaji wa Wadau katika uchambuzi wa Muswada. Wadau wote waliofika mbele ya Kamati au kutuma maoni yao kwa maandishi walifanya hivyo kufuatia Tangazo la Katibu wa Bunge kwa Umma lililotolewa Tarehe 29 Juni, 2017. Hivyo, uchambuzi wa Muswada huu ulishirikisha wadau wa aina mbalimbali waliotoa maoni kwa njia ya majadiliano ya moja kwa moja na kwa njia ya maandishi. a) Wadau Waliochangia Moja kwa Moja Ukumbini: (i) Chama cha Wanasheria wa Tanganyika (TLS); (ii) Chuo cha Madini Dodoma; (iii) Shirika la Madini Nchini (STAMICO); (iv) Baadhi ya Vikundi vya Waendesha Bodada wa Dodoma; (v) Tanzania Chamber of Minerals and Energy; 8 (vi) Chama cha Wachimbaji Wadogo Wadogo wa Madini ya Vito Dodoma; (vii) Jumuia ya Kikristo nchini; (viii) Chama cha Wanasheria Watetezi wa Mazingira nchini (LEAT); (ix) Jukwaa la Asasi za Kiraia zinazojishughulisha na masuala ya Uziduaji nchini (Haki Raslimali); (x) Chuo Kikuu Huria cha Tanzania; (xi) Jitambue Vijana Dodoma; (xii) Ndg. Erasmo Nyika wa Chuo Kikuu cha Abedien uingereza (xiii) Environmental Conservation Society of Tanzania; (xiv) Wawakilishi wa Waganga wa Tiba Asilia nchini; (xv) Universal Development Initiative (UDI) (xvi) Chama cha Wamachinga wa Dododma (DOWA); (xvii) Tuyatunze Mazingira Dodoma; (xviii)Misani ya Hiyari; (xix)DAKADAKA Dodoma; (xx)LEMKACHEMA 2005 Group; (xxi)Ndg. Erasmo Nyika- Mwanafunzi wa Digrii ya Uzamivu; (xxii)Ndg. Antidius Kaitu- Chuo Kikuu cha Dar es Salaam; (xxiii)Tumaini Hayuma- Chuo Kikuu cha Dar es Salaam; (xxiv)Shirikisho la Vyama vya Wachimba Madini Wadogo Tanzania (FEMATA) 9 (xxv) Chama cha Walimu Tanzania (CWT) na; (xxvi)Wakala wa Jiolojia Tanzania (GST). b) Waliochangia kwa
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