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Uvae Ursi Folium University of Novi Sad, Novi Sad, Republic of Serbia 1 Center for Medical and Pharmaceutical Investigations and Quality Control, Faculty of Medicine Novi Sad, 2 Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine Novi Sad New Tools for Teas and Spices Safety - Importance of Macro- and Microscopic Row Material Quality Control Božin Biljana1,2, Gavarić Neda1,2, Jeremić Katarina2, Bekut Maja2, Čorbo Darija2, Lakatoš Ibolya2, Kladar Nebojša1,2 University of Novi Sad, Novi Sad, Republic of Serbia 1 Center for Medical and Pharmaceutical Investigations and Quality Control, Faculty of Medicine Novi Sad, 2 Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine Novi Sad New Tools for Teas and Spices Safety - Importance of Macro- and Microscopic Row Material Quality Control OR FOOD FRAUD – HOW TO EASILY PREVENT THE HARMFUL RISKS FOR HUMAN HELTH Božin Biljana1,2, Gavarić Neda1,2, Jeremić Katarina2, Bekut Maja2, Čorbo Darija2, Lakatoš Ibolya2, Kladar Nebojša1,2 University of Novi Sad, Novi Sad, Republic of Serbia 1 Center for Medical and Pharmaceutical Investigations and Quality Control, Faculty of Medicine Novi Sad, 2 Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine Novi Sad Teas and spices commercially available - food and medicinal products Teas and spices commercially available - food and medicinal products, but also as an infant food. The requirements for the medicinal herbal teas - higher and more precisely specified than those of food. Beneficial effects of many medicinal plants are well known 1. Herbal remedies for prevention and therapy 2. Dietary supplements The provisions of the European Pharmacopoeia - obligatory safety issues, active principles quantification, the evaluation of macro- and microscopic confirmation and appearance of the potential impurities and adulterations Beneficial effects of many medicinal plants are well known 1. Herbal remedies for prevention and therapy 2. Dietary supplements and food (teas and spices) Herbal fennel tea (Foeniculum vulgare, Apiaceae) as a baby food - much more stringent legal requirements apply to pesticide residues and other contaminants What's on the market? -Case of Serbia- What's on the market? -Case of Serbia- (but not only Serbia) Fennel seed Aniseed Macro- and microscopic control - aniseed (Pimpinella anisum, Apiaceae) is often present as an adulteration, or even sold instead of fennel tea Fennel seed Aniseed Adulteration depends on market demands Fennel seed Aniseed Fennel seed Star Anise Aniseed Sample Distributor Coutry of Origin Aniseed 1 (A1) “Lučar” d.o.o. Novi Sad FYROM Fennel 1 (F1) SZTR “The Mill” Preljina / Aniseed 2 (A2) “Lučar” d.o.o. Novi Sad FYROM Fennel 2 (F2) “Adonis” d.o.o. Sokobanja / Aniseed 3 (A3) “Lučar” d.o.o. Novi Sad FYROM Fennel 3 (F3) / / Aniseed 4 (A4) “Biokolonijal” d.o.o. Novi Sad Egypt Fennel 4 (F4) “Biokolonijal” d.o.o. Novi Sad Egypt Aniseed 5 (A5) “Ivera” d.o.o. Beograd Syria Fennel 5 (F5) “Adonis” d.o.o. Sokobanja / Aniseed 6 (A6) Institut “Dr Josif Pančić” Beograd / Fennel 6 (F6) Institut “Dr Josif Pančić” Beograd / Aniseed 1 (A1) Aniseed 1 (A1) Aniseed 1 (A1) Aniseed 2 (A2) Aniseed 1 (A1) Aniseed 2 (A2) Aniseed 1 (A1) Aniseed 2 (A2) Aniseed 3 (A3) Aniseed 1 (A1) Aniseed 2 (A2) Aniseed 3 (A3) Aniseed 1 (A1) Aniseed 2 (A2) Aniseed 3 (A3) Aniseed 4 (A4) Aniseed 1 (A1) Aniseed 2 (A2) Aniseed 3 (A3) Aniseed 4 (A4) Aniseed 5 (A5) Aniseed 1 (A1) Aniseed 2 (A2) Aniseed 3 (A3) Aniseed 4 (A4) Aniseed 5 (A5) Aniseed 6 (A6) Sample Distributor Coutry of Origin Aniseed 1 (A1) - Fennel “Lučar” d.o.o. Novi Sad FYROM Fennel 1 (F1) SZTR “The Mill” Preljina / Aniseed 2 (A2) - Fennel “Lučar” d.o.o. Novi Sad FYROM Fennel 2 (F2) “Adonis” d.o.o. Sokobanja / Aniseed 3 (A3) - Fennel “Lučar” d.o.o. Novi Sad FYROM Fennel 3 (F3) / / Aniseed 4 (A4) “Biokolonijal” d.o.o. Novi Sad Egypt Fennel 4 (F4) “Biokolonijal” d.o.o. Novi Sad Egypt Aniseed 5 (A5) “Ivera” d.o.o. Beograd Syria Fennel 5 (F5) “Adonis” d.o.o. Sokobanja / Aniseed 6 (A6) Institut “Dr Josif Pančić” Beograd / Fennel 6 (F6) Institut “Dr Josif Pančić” Beograd / Samojlik I, Mijatovic V, Petkovic S, Skrbic B, Bozin B. (2012): The influence of essential oil of aniseed (Pimpinella anisum, L.) on drug effects on the central nervous system. Fitoterapia, 83 (8): 1466-1473. Sample Distributor Coutry of Origin Aniseed 1 (A1) - Fennel “Lučar” d.o.o. Novi Sad FYROM Fennel 1 (F1) SZTR “The Mill” Preljina / Aniseed 2 (A2) - Fennel “Lučar” d.o.o. Novi Sad FYROM Fennel 2 (F2) “Adonis” d.o.o. Sokobanja / Aniseed 3 (A3) - Fennel “Lučar” d.o.o. Novi Sad FYROM Fennel 3 (F3) / / Aniseed 4 (A4) “Biokolonijal” d.o.o. Novi Sad Egypt Fennel 4 (F4) “Biokolonijal” d.o.o. Novi Sad Egypt Aniseed 5 (A5) “Ivera” d.o.o. Beograd Syria Fennel 5 (F5) “Adonis” d.o.o. Sokobanja / Aniseed 6 (A6) Institut “Dr Josif Pančić” Beograd / Fennel 6 (F6) Institut “Dr Josif Pančić” Beograd / Mislabeling or Replacement (designedly adulterated)? Fennel 1 (F1) Fennel 2 (F2) Fennel 3 (F3) Fennel 4 (F4) Fennel 6 (F6) Fennel 5 (F5) Fennel 1 (F1) Fennel 2 (F2) Fennel 3 (F3) Fennel 4 (F4) Fennel 6 (F6) Fennel 5 (F5) Foreign matters F1 F4 St. John’s wort tea (Hypericum perforatum, Hypericaceae) - exact biological origin is not specified - four subspecies described, chemically different from one another Hypericum perforatum, Hypericaceae St. John’s wort tea (Hypericum perforatum, Hypericaceae) Kladar N, Mrdjanovic J, Anackov G, Solajic S, Gavarić N, Srdjenovic B, Bozin B. (2017): Hypericum perforatum: Synthesis of Active Principles during Flowering and Fruitification-Novel Aspects of Biological Potential. Evidence-Based Complementary and Alternative Medicine, https://doi.org/10.1155/2017/2865610. subsp. perforatum subsp. latifolium subsp. angustifoium subsp. veronense Hypericum maculatum, Hypericaceae Kladar N, Srđenović B, Grujić-Letić N, Bokić B, Rat M, Anačkov G, Božin B. (2015): Ecologically and ontogenetically induced variations in phenolic compounds and biological activities of Hypericum maculatum subsp. maculatum, Hypericaceae. Brazilian Journal of Botany 38(4): 703-715. Hypericum maculatum, Hypericaceae subsp. immaculatum subsp. maculatum Hypericum hirsutum Hypericum elegans Hypericum x desetangsii Božin B, Kladar N, Grujić N., Anačkov G., Samojlik I, Gavarić N, Srđenović Čonić B. (2013): Impact of origin and biological source on chemical composition, anticholinesterase and antioxidant properties of some St. John’s Wort (Hypericum spp., Hypericaceae) from the central Balkans. Molecules, 18 (10): 11733-11750. Sample Origin Mark Date Sample Origin Mark Date . .. .. Nebojša Kladar, Branislava Srđenović, Nevena Grujić, Milica Rat, Neda Gavarić, Goran Anačkov, Biljana Božin (2015): St. John’s Wort (Hypericum spp.) – Relation between the Biological Source and Medicinal Properties. In: Davis H.R. (ed.) Hypericum-Botanical Sources, Medical Properties and Health Effects. Nova Science Publishers, New York, ISBN 978-1-63482-701-0, pp. 53-80. .. .. Nebojša Kladar, Branislava Srđenović, Nevena Grujić, Milica Rat, Neda Gavarić, Goran Anačkov, Biljana Božin (2015): St. John’s Wort (Hypericum spp.) – Relation between the Biological Source and Medicinal Properties. In: Davis H.R. (ed.) Hypericum-Botanical Sources, Medical Properties and Health Effects. Nova Science Publishers, New York, ISBN 978-1-63482-701-0, pp. 53-80. .. .. Nebojša Kladar, Branislava Srđenović, Nevena Grujić, Milica Rat, Neda Gavarić, Goran Anačkov, Biljana Božin (2015): St. John’s Wort (Hypericum spp.) – Relation between the Biological Source and Medicinal Properties. In: Davis H.R. (ed.) Hypericum-Botanical Sources, Medical Properties and Health Effects. Nova Science Publishers, New York, ISBN 978-1-63482-701-0, pp. 53-80. .. .. Nebojša Kladar, Branislava Srđenović, Nevena Grujić, Milica Rat, Neda Gavarić, Goran Anačkov, Biljana Božin (2015): St. John’s Wort (Hypericum spp.) – Relation between the Biological Source and Medicinal Properties. In: Davis H.R. (ed.) Hypericum-Botanical Sources, Medical Properties and Health Effects. Nova Science Publishers, New York, ISBN 978-1-63482-701-0, pp. 53-80. .. .. Mis-collected or Replaced (designedly adulterated)? Bilberry fruits - mainly the biological source is not specified: bilberry (Vaccinium myrtillus, Ericaceae) or the northern high-bush blueberry (V. corymbosum, Ericaceae) I II III II I Vaccinium corymbosum Vaccinium myrtillus II III I and III Common bearberry (Arctostaphylos uva-ursi, Ericaceae) I II III Instead of common bearberry (Arctostaphylos uva-ursi, Ericaceae, I) - the leaves of bilberry (Vaccinimu myrtillus, Ericaceae, II) or mountain cranberry (V. vitis-idea, Ericaceae, III) are present Sample Compounds Distributor Origin “Uvin čaj” Uvae ursi folium - 30% Institute “Dr Josif Pančić” Serbia Herniariae herba - 20% Equiseti herba - 10% Petroselini folium - 5% Betulae folium - 15% Ononidis radix - 20% “Uva” Uvae ursi folium Fructus d.o.o. Serbia Uva Uvae ursi folium N/A N/A “List uve” Uvae ursi folium ADONIS d.o.o. Serbia “Uvin čaj” Uvae ursi folium Fitotrade doo Montenegro “Uvin čaj” Uvae ursi folium N/A Montenegro “List uve” Uvae ursi folium ADONIS d.o.o. Serbia ADONIS APOTECHARY TEAS Macroscopic quality control Macroscopic quality control Macroscopic quality control Microscopic quality control Sample Compounds Distributor Origin “Uvin čaj” Uvae ursi folium - 30% Institute “Dr Josif Pančić” Serbia Herniariae herba - 20% Equiseti herba - 10% Petroselini folium - 5% Betulae folium - 15% Ononidis radix - 20% “Uva” Uvae ursi folium Fructus d.o.o. Serbia Uva Uvae ursi folium N/A N/A “List uve” Uvae ursi folium ADONIS d.o.o. Serbia “Uvin čaj” Uvae ursi folium Fitotrade doo Montenegro “Uvin čaj” Uvae ursi folium N/A Montenegro “List uve” Uvae ursi folium ADONIS d.o.o. Serbia ADONIS APOTECHARY TEAS Macroscopic quality control – not adequate colour Sample Compounds Distributor Origin “Uvin čaj” Uvae ursi folium - 30% Institute “Dr Josif Pančić” Serbia Herniariae herba - 20% Equiseti herba - 10% Petroselini folium - 5% Betulae folium - 15% Ononidis radix - 20% “Uva” Uvae ursi folium Fructus d.o.o. Serbia Uva Uvae ursi folium N/A N/A “List uve” Uvae ursi folium ADONIS d.o.o. Serbia “Uvin čaj” Uvae ursi folium Fitotrade doo Montenegro “Uvin čaj” Uvae ursi folium N/A Montenegro “List uve” Uvae ursi folium ADONIS d.o.o.
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