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Alchemical Culture and Poetry in Early Modern England
Alchemical culture and poetry in early modern England PHILIP BALL Nature, 4–6 Crinan Street, London N1 9XW, UK There is a longstanding tradition of using alchemical imagery in poetry. It first flourished at the end of the sixteenth century, when the status of alchemy itself was revitalised in European society. Here I explain the reasons for this resurgence of the Hermetic arts, and explore how it was manifested in English culture and in particular in the literary and poetic works of the time. In 1652 the English scholar Elias Ashmole published a collection of alchemical texts called Theatrum Chymicum Britannicum, comprising ‘Several Poeticall Pieces of Our Most Famous English Philosophers’. Among the ‘chemical philosophers’ represented in the volume were the fifteenth-century alchemists Sir George Ripley and Thomas Norton – savants who, Ashmole complained, were renowned on the European continent but unduly neglected in their native country. Ashmole trained in law, but through his (second) marriage to a rich widow twenty years his senior he acquired the private means to indulge at his leisure a scholarly passion for alchemy and astrology. A Royalist by inclination, he had been forced to leave his London home during the English Civil War and had taken refuge in Oxford, the stronghold of Charles I’s forces. In 1677 he donated his impressive collection of antiquities to the University of Oxford, and the building constructed to house them became the Ashmolean, the first public museum in England. Ashmole returned to London after the civil war and began to compile the Theatrum, which was intended initially as a two-volume work. -
Book Reviews
Bull. Hist. Chem., VOLUME 35, Number 2 (2010) 125 BOOK REVIEWS Rediscovery of the Elements. James I. and Virginia Here you can find mini-biographies of scientists, R. Marshall. JMC Services, Denton TX. DVD, Web detailed geographic routes to each of the element discov- Page Format, accessible by web browsers and current ery sites, cities connected to discoveries, maps (354 of programs on PC and Macintosh, 2010, ISBN 978-0- them) and photos (6,500 from a base of 25,000), a time 615-30793-0. [email protected] $60.00 line of discoveries, 33 background articles published by ($50.00 for nonprofit organizations {schools}, $40.00 the authors in The Hexagon, and finally a link to “Tables at workshops.) and Text Files,” a compilation probably containing more information than all the rest of the DVD. I will discuss this later, except for one file in it: “Background Before the launching of this review it needs to be and Scope.” Here the authors point out that the whole stated that DVDs are not viewable unless your computer project of visiting the sources, mines, quarries, museums, is equipped with a DVD reader. I own a 2002 Microsoft laboratories connected with each element, only became Word XP computer, but it failed. I learned that I needed possible very recently. Four recent developments opened a piece of hardware, a DVD reader. It can be installed the door: first, the fall of the Iron Curtain allowing easy inside the computer or attached externally. The former is access to Eastern Europe including Russia; second, the cheaper, in fact quite inexpensive, unless you have to pay universality of email and internet communication; third, for the installation. -
The Importance of Translation Mathematics Old Script ABSTRACT
Malaysian Journal of Mathematical Sciences 3(1): 55-66 (2009) The Importance of Translation Mathematics Old Script 1Shahrul Nizam Ishak, 2Noor Hayati Marzuki, 3Jamaludin Md. Ali School of Mathematical Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Pulau Pinang, Malaysia E-mail: [email protected], [email protected], [email protected] ABSTRACT In this paper, a concise discussion of the text study will be carried out by focusing on the significant of Malay mathematics old script translation. We also discuss the importance of the translation work that need to emphasize. Stages of the translation period based on history knowledge also been highlighted. An example of the translation from Rau ḍat al-Ḥuss āb f ī ‘Ilm al-Ḥis āb that was written by Malay ‘Ulama 1 in 1307H/1893M is also shown here. The book was printed in Egypt and has been used in teaching and learning among the student at the Holy Mosque ( Masjid al- Har ām). Therefore, from this work hope that the introduction of the book presented here is sufficient to stimulate interest in readers and researchers to embark and investigate the beauty and the power of script translation in providing more knowledge especially in the mathematics education area. Keywords: Mathematics Translation, Old Script, Rau ḍat al-Ḥuss āb. INTRODUCTION The amount of translation into Arabic from Greek, Syrian, Persian and Sanskrit was at its peak during the ninth and tenth century. ‘Ulama of Islam, Christianity, Judaism and even Zoroastrianism were employed in the translation and writing new scientific masterpieces. In the course of time the works of Euclid, Ptolemy, Aristotle, Apollonius, Archimedes, Heron, Diophantus and the Hindus were accessible in Arabic. -
Alchemy Archive Reference
Alchemy Archive Reference 080 (MARC-21) 001 856 245 100 264a 264b 264c 337 008 520 561 037/541 500 700 506 506/357 005 082/084 521/526 (RDA) 2.3.2 19.2 2.8.2 2.8.4 2.8.6 3.19.2 6.11 7.10 5.6.1 22.3/5.6.2 4.3 7.3 5.4 5.4 4.5 Ownership and Date of Alternative Target UDC Nr Filename Title Author Place Publisher Date File Lang. Summary of the content Custodial Source Rev. Description Note Contributor Access Notes on Access Entry UDC-IG Audience History 000 SCIENCE AND KNOWLEDGE. ORGANIZATION. INFORMATION. DOCUMENTATION. LIBRARIANSHIP. INSTITUTIONS. PUBLICATIONS 000.000 Prolegomena. Fundamentals of knowledge and culture. Propaedeutics 001.000 Science and knowledge in general. Organization of intellectual work 001.100 Concepts of science Alchemyand knowledge 001.101 Knowledge 001.102 Information 001102000_UniversalDecimalClassification1961 Universal Decimal Classification 1961 pdf en A complete outline of the Universal Decimal Classification 1961, third edition 1 This third edition of the UDC is the last version (as far as I know) that still includes alchemy in Moreh 2018-06-04 R 1961 its index. It is a useful reference documents when it comes to the folder structure of the 001102000_UniversalDecimalClassification2017 Universal Decimal Classification 2017 pdf en The English version of the UDC Online is a complete standard edition of the scheme on the Web http://www.udcc.org 1 ThisArchive. is not an official document but something that was compiled from the UDC online. Moreh 2018-06-04 R 2017 with over 70,000 classes extended with more than 11,000 records of historical UDC data (cancelled numbers). -
PURDUE UNIVERSITY GRADUATE SCHOOL Thesis/Dissertation Acceptance
Graduate School ETD Form 9 (Revised 12/07) PURDUE UNIVERSITY GRADUATE SCHOOL Thesis/Dissertation Acceptance This is to certify that the thesis/dissertation prepared By Angela C. Ghionea Entitled RECURRING THOUGHT PATTERNS AND RESURFACING ALCHEMICAL SYMBOLS IN EUROPEAN, HELLENISTIC, ARABIC, AND BYZANTINE ALCHEMY FROM ANTIQUITY TO THE EARLY MODERN PERIOD Doctor of Philosophy For the degree of Is approved by the final examining committee: James R. Farr Chair Myrdene Anderson Anthony T. Grafton To the best of my knowledge and as understood by the student in the Research Integrity and Copyright Disclaimer (Graduate School Form 20), this thesis/dissertation adheres to the provisions of Purdue University’s “Policy on Integrity in Research” and the use of copyrighted material. Approved by Major Professor(s): ____________________________________James R. Farr ____________________________________ Approved by: Douglas R. Hurt 04/16/2013 Head of the Graduate Program Date RECURRING THOUGHT PATTERNS AND RESURFACING ALCHEMICAL SYMBOLS IN EUROPEAN, HELLENISTIC, ARABIC, AND BYZANTINE ALCHEMY FROM ANTIQUITY TO THE EARLY MODERN PERIOD A Dissertation Submitted to the Faculty of Purdue University by Angela Catalina Ghionea In Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree of Doctor of Philosophy May 2013 Purdue University West Lafayette, Indiana UMI Number: 3591220 All rights reserved INFORMATION TO ALL USERS The quality of this reproduction is dependent upon the quality of the copy submitted. In the unlikely event that the author did not send a complete manuscript and there are missing pages, these will be noted. Also, if material had to be removed, a note will indicate the deletion. UMI 3591220 Published by ProQuest LLC (2013). -
Alchemylab Articles\374
Alchemical Theory The One Thing (or the Subtle Ether) Space, whether interplanetary, inner matter, or inter-organic, is filled with a subtle presence emanating from the One Thing of the universe. Later alchemists called it, as did the ancients, the subtle Ether. This primordial fluid or fabric of space pervades everything and all matter. Metal, mineral, tree, plant, animal, man; each is charged with the Ether in varying degrees. All life on the planet is charged in like manner; a world is built up in this fluid and move through a sea of it. Alchemical Ether, which some Hermeticists call the Astral Light, determines the constitution of bodies. Hardness and softness, solidity and liquidity, all depend on the relative proportion of ethereal and ponderable matter of which they me composed. The arbitrary division and classification of physical science, the whole range of physical phenomena, proceeds from the primary Ether, for science has reduced matter as we know it to nothing but Ether, which, although not solid matter, is still matter, the First Matter of the alchemists. When most of us speak of matter, of course, we usually visualize solid substance, but it has been proved by that matter is not actually solid, but merely a stress, a strain in the etheric field of time and space. The atom and the electrons and protons of which it is composed, all move in a sea of Ether, so, that in accordance with this theory of alchemy, the very air we breathe, the very bodies we inhabit, all things most likewise be moving in this sea of Ether, the parent element from which all manifestation has come. -
The Emerald Tablet of Hermes
The Emerald Tablet of Hermes Multiple Translations The Emerald Tablet of Hermes Table of Contents The Emerald Tablet of Hermes.........................................................................................................................1 Multiple Translations...............................................................................................................................1 History of the Tablet................................................................................................................................1 Translations From Jabir ibn Hayyan.......................................................................................................2 Another Arabic Version (from the German of Ruska, translated by 'Anonymous')...............................3 Twelfth Century Latin..............................................................................................................................3 Translation from Aurelium Occultae Philosophorum..Georgio Beato...................................................4 Translation of Issac Newton c. 1680........................................................................................................5 Translation from Kriegsmann (?) alledgedly from the Phoenician........................................................6 From Sigismund Bacstrom (allegedly translated from Chaldean)..........................................................7 From Madame Blavatsky.........................................................................................................................8 -
Early Greek Alchemy, Patronage and Innovation in Late Antiquity CALIFORNIA CLASSICAL STUDIES
Early Greek Alchemy, Patronage and Innovation in Late Antiquity CALIFORNIA CLASSICAL STUDIES NUMBER 7 Editorial Board Chair: Donald Mastronarde Editorial Board: Alessandro Barchiesi, Todd Hickey, Emily Mackil, Richard Martin, Robert Morstein-Marx, J. Theodore Peña, Kim Shelton California Classical Studies publishes peer-reviewed long-form scholarship with online open access and print-on-demand availability. The primary aim of the series is to disseminate basic research (editing and analysis of primary materials both textual and physical), data-heavy re- search, and highly specialized research of the kind that is either hard to place with the leading publishers in Classics or extremely expensive for libraries and individuals when produced by a leading academic publisher. In addition to promoting archaeological publications, papyrolog- ical and epigraphic studies, technical textual studies, and the like, the series will also produce selected titles of a more general profile. The startup phase of this project (2013–2017) was supported by a grant from the Andrew W. Mellon Foundation. Also in the series: Number 1: Leslie Kurke, The Traffic in Praise: Pindar and the Poetics of Social Economy, 2013 Number 2: Edward Courtney, A Commentary on the Satires of Juvenal, 2013 Number 3: Mark Griffith, Greek Satyr Play: Five Studies, 2015 Number 4: Mirjam Kotwick, Alexander of Aphrodisias and the Text of Aristotle’s Meta- physics, 2016 Number 5: Joey Williams, The Archaeology of Roman Surveillance in the Central Alentejo, Portugal, 2017 Number 6: Donald J. Mastronarde, Preliminary Studies on the Scholia to Euripides, 2017 Early Greek Alchemy, Patronage and Innovation in Late Antiquity Olivier Dufault CALIFORNIA CLASSICAL STUDIES Berkeley, California © 2019 by Olivier Dufault. -
Hermeticism in Sweden 189
Hermeticism in Sweden 189 Chapter 24 Hermeticism in Sweden Hermeticism in Sweden Susanna Åkerman The fragmentary sources for tracing Hermeticism in Sweden stem from the seventeenth and eighteenth centuries, when these texts still formed a basis for cosmological thinking. The Corpus Hermeticum was often associated with another Hermetic text, the Tabula smaragdina or Emerald Tablet. Translated into Latin from the Arabic in the twelfth century, the text was particularly pop- ular among German alchemists, who rarely read the Corpus Hermeticum but instead based their understanding of Hermeticism on the short sentences from the Emerald Tablet. The Emerald Tablet was furthermore used to present alchemy in a simple but enigmatic form. The Tablet formulated the kernel of Hermeticism in a widely spread maxim on the parallels between the cosmo- logical macrocosm and the human microcosm: “As above, so below”. This figure of thought had a great influence on Hermeticism in Sweden. Swedenborg, for example, reformulated it to treat of correspondences between the natural, the spiritual, and the heavenly realms. Hermetic philosophy likewise influenced three other currents: mysticism, alchemy, and Rosicrucianism. Seventeenth-Century Metaphysics Hermeticism began to be an important current in Sweden with Johan Skytte (1577–1645), who was the Chancellor of Uppsala University. In the 1640s Skytte delivered an oration in which he praised King Gustavus II Adolphus for having opened the doors for “Theophrastus [Paracelsus] and [Hermes] Trismegistos” to the Swedish universities. This was a clear signal that the older pagan phi- losophy was compatible with Christian beliefs. In the same spirit, the Finnish natural philosopher Sigfrid Aron Forsius (1560–1624) edited several almanacs to be used for astrological purposes. -
Roger Bacon: the Christian, the Alchemist, the Enigma
University at Albany, State University of New York Scholars Archive History Honors Program History 2019 Roger Bacon: The Christian, the Alchemist, the Enigma Victoria Tobes University at Albany, State University of New York Follow this and additional works at: https://scholarsarchive.library.albany.edu/history_honors Part of the History Commons Recommended Citation Tobes, Victoria, "Roger Bacon: The Christian, the Alchemist, the Enigma" (2019). History Honors Program. 12. https://scholarsarchive.library.albany.edu/history_honors/12 This Undergraduate Honors Thesis is brought to you for free and open access by the History at Scholars Archive. It has been accepted for inclusion in History Honors Program by an authorized administrator of Scholars Archive. For more information, please contact [email protected]. 1 Roger Bacon: The Christian, the Alchemist, the Enigma By: Victoria Tobes [email protected] An honors thesis presented to the Department of History, University at Albany, State University of New York in partial fulfillment of the requirements for graduation with Honors in History. Advisors: Dr. Patrick Nold and Dr. Mitch Aso 5/12/2019 2 ABSTRACT: This paper explores the life and work of 13th century English Franciscan friar, Roger Bacon in light of the spiritual-religious practice of alchemy. Bacon’s works in pertinence to alchemy reflect his belonging to a school of intellectual thought known as Hermeticism; which encompasses the practice of alchemy. Bacon can be placed among other philosophic practitioners of alchemy throughout history; allowing for expanded insight into the life of this medieval scholar. Throughout history, Bacon’s most well-known work, the Opus Majus, has been interpreted in a variety of ways. -
Alchemy Journal Vol.6 No.2.Pdf
Alchemy Journal Vol.6 No.2 Vol.6 No.2 Summer 2005 CONTENTS ARTICLES Alchemical Art: Blue Gold Alchemical Art: Blue Gold The Gnostic Science by Kattalina M. Kazunas of Alchemy 2 (Note: Large images will take time to load. Hit the "Refresh" button on your browser if no images appear.) The Great Alchemical Work FEATURES From the Fire New Releases Announcements Feedback EDITORIAL From the Editor Submissions Subscriptions Resources Return to Top In the dim pre-history of mankind, a god- like race of beings inter-bred with humanity and taught them creative and generative forms of cultural wisdom. The first human master of this science codified the canon of its knowledge (wrote the book on it we might http://www.alchemylab.com/AJ6-2.htm (1 of 21)7/30/2005 8:06:48 AM Alchemy Journal Vol.6 No.2 say) from which the children of gods and men built an advanced civilization. That which is Below corresponds to that which is Above, and that which is Above corresponds to that which is Below, to accomplish the miracles of the One Thing. ARTICLES Alchemical Art: Blue Gold The Gnostic Science of Alchemy 2 The Great Alchemical Work FEATURES From the Fire New Releases Announcements Feedback EDITORIAL From the Editor Submissions Subscriptions Resources Return to Top I felt the desire to create a series of broadsides that were http://www.alchemylab.com/AJ6-2.htm (2 of 21)7/30/2005 8:06:48 AM Alchemy Journal Vol.6 No.2 a contemporary interpretation of ancient alchemical ideas. -
And Some Other Medieval Names of the Philosophers' Stone
A note on lapis philosophicus, lapis philosophorum, and some other medieval names of the philosophers’ stone The first occurrences of philosophres ston registered in the Middle English Dictionary are from non-technical poems of the end of the fourteenth century: the Confessio Amantis refers to “the parfit Elixir Of thilke philosophres Ston,” and the Canon’s Yeoman like wise refers to the goal of alchemy in the words “The philosophres stoon, Elixir clept, we sechen.” 1 The fact that Gower and Chaucer evidently expected their readers to under stand the term although there is no earlier evidence of its circulation in English suggests very strongly that those readers would have encountered it in another language: in this case evidently Latin. In accordance with its usual policy, MED had little to say about the etymology of the English lexical item: it noted that philosophre is “From OFfilosofe & L philosophusf but gave no indication that philosophres ston translated a Latin lexical item. Although there have been a number of discussions of Chaucer’s alchemical know ledge, these do not appear to ask where in post-classical Latin the etymon of philosophres ston is first attested. The object of this note is to explore some answers to that question. Their formula tion began with consultancy work for the third edition of the Oxford English Dictionary, generated in the course of the revision of the entry philosophers' stone.2 This was origi nally published in fascicle Ph-Piper of the first edition of OED, which appeared under the editorship of James Murray in June 1906.