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Genetic Variation and Agronomic Features of Metroxylon Palms in Asia and Pacific
Chapter 4 Genetic Variation and Agronomic Features of Metroxylon Palms in Asia and Pacific Hiroshi Ehara Abstract Fourteen genera among three subfamilies in the Arecaceae family are known to produce starch in the trunk. The genus Metroxylon is the most productive among them and is classified into section Metroxylon including only one species, M. sagu (sago palm: called the true sago palm), distributed in Southeast Asia and Melanesia and section Coelococcus consisting of M. amicarum in Micronesia, M. salomonense and M. vitiense in Melanesia, M. warburgii in Melanesia and Polynesia, and M. paulcoxii in Polynesia. In sago palm, a relationship between the genetic distance and geographical distribution of populations was found as the result of a random amplified polymorphic DNA analysis. A smaller genetic variation of sago palm in the western part than in the eastern part of the Malay Archipelago was also found, which indicated that the more genetically varied populations are distributed in the eastern area and are possibly divided into four broad groups. Metroxylon warburgii has a smaller trunk than sago palm, but the trunk length of M. salomonense, M. vitiense, and M. amicarum is comparable to or longer than that of sago palm. Their leaves are important as building and houseware material, and the hard endosperm of M. amicarum and M. warburgii seeds is utilized as craftwork material. Preemergent young leaves around the growing point of M. vitiense are utilized as a vegetable. Regarding starch yield, palms in Coelococcus are all low in the dry matter and pith starch content as compared with sago palm. For this reason, M. -
Hiroshi Ehara · Yukio Toyoda Dennis V. Johnson Editors
Hiroshi Ehara · Yukio Toyoda Dennis V. Johnson Editors Sago Palm Multiple Contributions to Food Security and Sustainable Livelihoods Sago Palm Hiroshi Ehara • Yukio Toyoda Dennis V. Johnson Editors Sago Palm Multiple Contributions to Food Security and Sustainable Livelihoods Editors Hiroshi Ehara Yukio Toyoda Applied Social System Institute of Asia; College of Tourism International Cooperation Center for Rikkyo University Agricultural Education Niiza, Saitama, Japan Nagoya University Nagoya, Japan Dennis V. Johnson Cincinnati, OH, USA ISBN 978-981-10-5268-2 ISBN 978-981-10-5269-9 (eBook) https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-10-5269-9 Library of Congress Control Number: 2017954957 © The Editor(s) (if applicable) and The Author(s) 2018, corrected publication 2018. This book is an open access publication. Open Access This book is licensed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this book are included in the book’s Creative Commons license, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the book’s Creative Commons license and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. The use of general descriptive names, registered names, trademarks, service marks, etc. -
Multi-National Conservation of Alligator Lizards
MULTI-NATIONAL CONSERVATION OF ALLIGATOR LIZARDS: APPLIED SOCIOECOLOGICAL LESSONS FROM A FLAGSHIP GROUP by ADAM G. CLAUSE (Under the Direction of John Maerz) ABSTRACT The Anthropocene is defined by unprecedented human influence on the biosphere. Integrative conservation recognizes this inextricable coupling of human and natural systems, and mobilizes multiple epistemologies to seek equitable, enduring solutions to complex socioecological issues. Although a central motivation of global conservation practice is to protect at-risk species, such organisms may be the subject of competing social perspectives that can impede robust interventions. Furthermore, imperiled species are often chronically understudied, which prevents the immediate application of data-driven quantitative modeling approaches in conservation decision making. Instead, real-world management goals are regularly prioritized on the basis of expert opinion. Here, I explore how an organismal natural history perspective, when grounded in a critique of established human judgements, can help resolve socioecological conflicts and contextualize perceived threats related to threatened species conservation and policy development. To achieve this, I leverage a multi-national system anchored by a diverse, enigmatic, and often endangered New World clade: alligator lizards. Using a threat analysis and status assessment, I show that one recent petition to list a California alligator lizard, Elgaria panamintina, under the US Endangered Species Act often contradicts the best available science. -
Proceedings of the Pacific Regional Workshop on Mangrove Wetlands Protection and Sustainable Use
PROCEEDINGS OF THE PACIFIC REGIONAL WORKSHOP ON MANGROVE WETLANDS PROTECTION AND SUSTAINABLE USE THE UNIVERSITY OF THE SOUTH PACIFIC MARINE STUDIES FACILITY, SUVA, FIJI JUNE 12 – 16, 2001 Hosted by SOUTH PACIFIC REGIONAL ENVIRONMENT PROGRAMME Funded by CANADA-SOUTH PACIFIC OCEAN DEVELOPMENT PROGRAM (C-SPODP II) ORGANISING COMMITTEE South Pacific Regional Environment Programme (SPREP) Ms Mary Power Ms Helen Ng Lam Institute of Applied Sciences Ms Batiri Thaman Professor William Aalbersberg Editing: Professor William Aalbersberg, Batiri Thaman, Lilian Sauni Compiling: Batiri Thaman, Lilian Sauni ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS The organisers of the workshop would like to thank the following people and organisations that contributed to the organising and running of the workshop. § Canada –South Pacific Ocean Deveopment Program (C-SPODP II) for funding the work- shop § South Pacific Regional Environment Programme (SPREP) for organising the workshop § Institute of Applied Science (IAS) staff for the local organisation of the workshop and use of facilities § The local, regional, and international participants that presented country papers and technical reports § University of the Pacific (USP) dining hall for the catering § USP media centre for assistance with media equipment § Professor Randy Thaman for organising the field trip TABLE OF CONTENTS Organising Committee Acknowledgements Table of Contents Objectives and Expected Outcomes of Workshop Summary Report Technical Reports SESSION I: THE VALUE OF MANGROVE ECOSYSTEMS · The Value of Mangrove Ecosystems: -
Setting Priorities for Marine Conservation in the Fiji Islands Marine Ecoregion Contents
Setting Priorities for Marine Conservation in the Fiji Islands Marine Ecoregion Contents Acknowledgements 1 Minister of Fisheries Opening Speech 2 Acronyms and Abbreviations 4 Executive Summary 5 1.0 Introduction 7 2.0 Background 9 2.1 The Fiji Islands Marine Ecoregion 9 2.2 The biological diversity of the Fiji Islands Marine Ecoregion 11 3.0 Objectives of the FIME Biodiversity Visioning Workshop 13 3.1 Overall biodiversity conservation goals 13 3.2 Specifi c goals of the FIME biodiversity visioning workshop 13 4.0 Methodology 14 4.1 Setting taxonomic priorities 14 4.2 Setting overall biodiversity priorities 14 4.3 Understanding the Conservation Context 16 4.4 Drafting a Conservation Vision 16 5.0 Results 17 5.1 Taxonomic Priorities 17 5.1.1 Coastal terrestrial vegetation and small offshore islands 17 5.1.2 Coral reefs and associated fauna 24 5.1.3 Coral reef fi sh 28 5.1.4 Inshore ecosystems 36 5.1.5 Open ocean and pelagic ecosystems 38 5.1.6 Species of special concern 40 5.1.7 Community knowledge about habitats and species 41 5.2 Priority Conservation Areas 47 5.3 Agreeing a vision statement for FIME 57 6.0 Conclusions and recommendations 58 6.1 Information gaps to assessing marine biodiversity 58 6.2 Collective recommendations of the workshop participants 59 6.3 Towards an Ecoregional Action Plan 60 7.0 References 62 8.0 Appendices 67 Annex 1: List of participants 67 Annex 2: Preliminary list of marine species found in Fiji. 71 Annex 3 : Workshop Photos 74 List of Figures: Figure 1 The Ecoregion Conservation Proccess 8 Figure 2 Approximate -
V30n4p165-180
19861 RAUWERDINK:METROXYLON Principes,30(4), 1986, pp. 165-180 An Essay on Metroxylon, the Sago Palm JeNB. ReuwnRomx Department of Plant Taxonomy, Agricultural Uniaersity, Wageningen, the Netherlands P.O. Box 8010, 6700 ED Wageningen Metroxylon is a genus of arborescent under cultivation. The aim of my survey palms of Papuasia and several island and the present paper has been to report groups of Micronesia and Melanesia. There on the variability of M. sagu in PNG, in are five species occurring in five separate the context of the diversity found in the areas. The most widespread taxon, M. genus as a whole. This paper may con- scLgu, covers Malaysia, Indonesia, Min- tribute towards an eventual monograph of danao, and New Guinea. The other four Metroxylon. taxa are endemic to the aforementioned island groups. Historyof the Genus The palms accumulate starch in the pith of their trunks and are a traditional source The first and most competentpublica- of carbohydrate. The best known r-epre- tion on sagopalms is by Rumphius(1741). sentative of the genus in this respect is In the Herbarium Amboinensehe gives M. sagu, known as the sago palm. This a meticulousdescription of the sagopalm species occupies the largest area. esti- as it occurs in Ambon. and he Dresents mated to cover 4 million ha in natural the taxonomic views of the inhabiiants on stands and about .2 million ha under cul- this palm. Four Ambonesespecies are tivation. With the exception of M. salo- described under the seneric name of monense.the other tp".i"t of Melroxylon Sagris.This namewas adopted by Caert- are not exploited for their starch content. -
Southwest Pacific Islands: Samoa, Fiji, Vanuatu & New Caledonia Trip Report 11Th to 31St July 2015
Southwest Pacific Islands: Samoa, Fiji, Vanuatu & New Caledonia Trip Report 11th to 31st July 2015 Orange Fruit Dove by K. David Bishop Trip Report - RBT Southwest Pacific Islands 2015 2 Tour Leaders: K. David Bishop and David Hoddinott Trip Report compiled by Tour Leader: K. David Bishop Tour Summary Rockjumper’s inaugural tour of the islands of the Southwest Pacific kicked off in style with dinner at the Stamford Airport Hotel in Sydney, Australia. The following morning we were soon winging our way north and eastwards to the ancient Gondwanaland of New Caledonia. Upon arrival we then drove south along a road more reminiscent of Europe, passing through lush farmlands seemingly devoid of indigenous birds. Happily this was soon rectified; after settling into our Noumea hotel and a delicious luncheon, we set off to explore a small nature reserve established around an important patch of scrub and mangroves. Here we quickly cottoned on to our first endemic, the rather underwhelming Grey-eared Honeyeater, together with Nankeen Night Herons, a migrant Sacred Kingfisher, White-bellied Woodswallow, Fantailed Gerygone and the resident form of Rufous Whistler. As we were to discover throughout this tour, in areas of less than pristine habitat we encountered several Grey-eared Honeyeater by David Hoddinott introduced species including Common Waxbill. And so began a series of early starts which were to typify this tour, though today everyone was up with added alacrity as we were heading to the globally important Rivierre Bleu Reserve and the haunt of the incomparable Kagu. We drove 1.3 hours to the reserve, passing through a stark landscape before arriving at the appointed time to meet my friend Jean-Marc, the reserve’s ornithologist and senior ranger. -
To Fiji: Conceptualizing a Value-Theory Approach to Citizenship Education
View metadata, citation and similar papers at core.ac.uk brought to you by CORE provided by University of the South Pacific Electronic Research Repository Pacific-Asian Education Vol. 23, No. 2, 2011, 77-88 A reflection on ‘being’ ‘Fijian’ and ‘belonging’ to Fiji: Conceptualizing a value-theory approach to Citizenship Education Cresantia Frances Koya Vaka’uta Key words: citizenship education, participatory citizenship, critical consciousness, being and belonging, value theory approach, Fiji, curriculum mainstreaming Abstract Education in the 21st century is marked by the vast influence of globalization and the drive for international comparability. In Fiji, as in the rest of the Pacific, this is no different. Education systems in the Pacific islands are characteristically informed and influencedby external push and pull factors which are reflectiveof colonial legacies, as well as current donor dependency and the agendas that these dictate. This educational reality may be seen as a crisis of relevance that has been well documented by Pacific scholars. This paper presents the argument that the issue of what it means to ‘be’ Fijian and to ‘belong’ to Fiji is a wider socio-cultural/historical debate that has not been adequately dialogued. This dialogue is critical if citizenship education is intended to contribute to participatory citizenship and towards conscientization of national identity for social cohesion. It is further argued that a holistic curriculum package would enable students to learn through problem-solving the ability to bring about change in their own lives and in their communities. Introduction Come to Niusila, he said. This island will bring you no happiness You will always be on the fringe looking in You’re never going to be Fijian enough No matter how much you do for this country. -
Reconstructing the Basal Angiosperm Phylogeny: Evaluating Information Content of Mitochondrial Genes
55 (4) • November 2006: 837–856 Qiu & al. • Basal angiosperm phylogeny Reconstructing the basal angiosperm phylogeny: evaluating information content of mitochondrial genes Yin-Long Qiu1, Libo Li, Tory A. Hendry, Ruiqi Li, David W. Taylor, Michael J. Issa, Alexander J. Ronen, Mona L. Vekaria & Adam M. White 1Department of Ecology & Evolutionary Biology, The University Herbarium, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109-1048, U.S.A. [email protected] (author for correspondence). Three mitochondrial (atp1, matR, nad5), four chloroplast (atpB, matK, rbcL, rpoC2), and one nuclear (18S) genes from 162 seed plants, representing all major lineages of gymnosperms and angiosperms, were analyzed together in a supermatrix or in various partitions using likelihood and parsimony methods. The results show that Amborella + Nymphaeales together constitute the first diverging lineage of angiosperms, and that the topology of Amborella alone being sister to all other angiosperms likely represents a local long branch attrac- tion artifact. The monophyly of magnoliids, as well as sister relationships between Magnoliales and Laurales, and between Canellales and Piperales, are all strongly supported. The sister relationship to eudicots of Ceratophyllum is not strongly supported by this study; instead a placement of the genus with Chloranthaceae receives moderate support in the mitochondrial gene analyses. Relationships among magnoliids, monocots, and eudicots remain unresolved. Direct comparisons of analytic results from several data partitions with or without RNA editing sites show that in multigene analyses, RNA editing has no effect on well supported rela- tionships, but minor effect on weakly supported ones. Finally, comparisons of results from separate analyses of mitochondrial and chloroplast genes demonstrate that mitochondrial genes, with overall slower rates of sub- stitution than chloroplast genes, are informative phylogenetic markers, and are particularly suitable for resolv- ing deep relationships. -
Sfps Fall 2011 Sale Plant List
SFPS FALL 2011 SALE PLANT LIST PLANTS VENDOR # Palms Acanthophoenix rubra 35 Acoelorrhaphe wrightii 26, 67 Acrocomia aculeata 50, 67 Actinokentia divaricata 35, 57, 66, 68, 72 Actinorhytis calapparia 72 Adonidia merrillii 31, 57, 66, 89 Adonidia merrillii var. "Golden Form" 35 Aiphanes aculeata = Aiphanes horrida - Aiphanes caryotifolia = Aiphanes horrida - Aiphanes erosa = Aiphanes minima - Aiphanes horrida 35, 68, 72 Aiphanes minima 68 Aiphanes vincentiana = Aiphanes minima - Allagoptera arenaria 57, 66, 67, 68, 72 Allagoptera campestris 67 Allagoptera leucocalyx 57 Alloschmidia glabrata = Basselinia glabrata - Alsmithia longipes = Heterospathe longipes - Archontophoenix cunninghamiana var. 'Illawara' 68 Archontophoenix maxima 67, 72 Archontophoenix myolensis 50, 66, 67, 68 Archontophoenix purpurea 57, 66, 72 Archontophoenix tuckeri 66, 68 Areca aliceae = Areca triandra - Areca camarinensis 57, 68 Areca catechu 57, 67, 72 Areca catechu var. 'Dwarf' 35, 50 Areca hutchinsoniana 68 Areca ipot 67 Areca latiloba = Areca montana - Areca macrocalyx var. 'Red Form' 35, 57, 68 Areca macrocarpa 68 Areca montana 57 Areca triandra 68, 72 Areca vestiaria 25, 35, 57, 67, 68 Areca vestiaria var. 'Orange Form' 25, 57, 67, 72 Areca vestiaria var. 'Maroon Leaf' 35, 57, 67 Areca vestiaria var. 'Red Leaf' 57, 67, 72 Areca sp. 'Yellow Crownshaft' 25 Arenga ambong = Arenga undulatifolia - Arenga brevipes 57 Arenga caudata 66 Arenga engleri 31, 66, 68, 72 Arenga hookeriana 35, 57, 66, 72 Arenga microcarpa 26, 66 Arenga obtusifolia 57, 66 PLANTS VENDOR # Arenga pinnata 50, 57, 66, 67, 68 Arenga porphyrocarpa 66 Arenga tremula 26, 57, 66, 68, 72 Arenga undulatifolia 35, 57, 66, 67 Arenga westerhoutii 68 Asterogyne martiana 57, 68, 72 Astrocaryum acaule 72 Astrocaryum alatum 35, 50, 57, 67 Astrocaryum mexicanum 72 Astrocaryum murumuru 72 Attalea butyracea 57, 67, 72 Attalea cohune 35 Attalea phalerata 50, 91 Attalea rostrata 68 Attalea speciosa 50, 66 Bactris bidentula 72 Bactris gasipaes 67 Bactris gasipaes var. -
Species-Edition-Melanesian-Geo.Pdf
Nature Melanesian www.melanesiangeo.com Geo Tranquility 6 14 18 24 34 66 72 74 82 6 Herping the final frontier 42 Seahabitats and dugongs in the Lau Lagoon 10 Community-based response to protecting biodiversity in East 46 Herping the sunset islands Kwaio, Solomon Islands 50 Freshwater secrets Ocean 14 Leatherback turtle community monitoring 54 Freshwater hidden treasures 18 Monkey-faced bats and flying foxes 58 Choiseul Island: A biogeographic in the Western Solomon Islands stepping-stone for reptiles and amphibians of the Solomon Islands 22 The diversity and resilience of flying foxes to logging 64 Conservation Development 24 Feasibility studies for conserving 66 Chasing clouds Santa Cruz Ground-dove 72 Tetepare’s turtle rodeo and their 26 Network Building: Building a conservation effort network to meet local and national development aspirations in 74 Secrets of Tetepare Culture Western Province 76 Understanding plant & kastom 28 Local rangers undergo legal knowledge on Tetepare training 78 Grassroots approach to Marine 30 Propagation techniques for Tubi Management 34 Phantoms of the forest 82 Conservation in Solomon Islands: acts without actions 38 Choiseul Island: Protecting Mt Cover page The newly discovered Vangunu Maetambe to Kolombangara River Island endemic rat, Uromys vika. Image watershed credit: Velizar Simeonovski, Field Museum. wildernesssolomons.com WWW.MELANESIANGEO.COM | 3 Melanesian EDITORS NOTE Geo PRODUCTION TEAM Government Of Founder/Editor: Patrick Pikacha of the priority species listed in the Critical Ecosystem [email protected] Solomon Islands Hails Partnership Fund’s investment strategy for the East Assistant editor: Tamara Osborne Melanesian Islands. [email protected] Barana Community The Critical Ecosystem Partnership Fund (CEPF) Contributing editor: David Boseto [email protected] is designed to safeguard Earth’s most biologically rich Prepress layout: Patrick Pikacha Nature Park Initiative and threatened regions, known as biodiversity hotspots. -
Birding Tour New Caledonia, Fiji, and Samoa August
BIRDING TOUR NEW CALEDONIA, FIJI, AND SAMOA 2022 (by request) 2023 (TBA) Kagu is one of the key species we search for on this trip. www.birdingecotours.com [email protected] 2 | ITINERARY Birding Tour New Caledonia, Fiji, and Samoa Our Birding Tour New Caledonia, Fiji, and Samoa starts in Nouméa, New Caledonia, and concludes in Apia, Samoa. The tour duration is 19 days. Please note that the tour dates are merely indicative because the local flight schedules are only released at quite a late stage, and this often changes the itinerary a little. Tour Summary New Caledonia (6 days) New Caledonia is an ancient archipelago of Gondwanan origin. Most of the islands are covered in tropical evergreen forest at higher elevations, while savanna and maquis dominate the lower elevations. Most famous for being the home of the unique Kagu, they host a total of 20 island endemics as well as about a dozen additional Melanesian endemics. The strict island endemics include White-bellied Goshawk, Kagu, Cloven-feathered Dove, Goliath Imperial Pigeon, Horned Parakeet, New Caledonian Parakeet, New Caledonian Myzomela, Barred Honeyeater, Crow Honeyeater, New Caledonian Friarbird, New Caledonian Whistler, New Caledonian Crow, Yellow-bellied Flyrobin, New Caledonian Thicketbird, Large Lifou White-eye, Small Lifou White-eye, Green-backed White-eye, Striated Starling, and Red- throated Parrotfinch. New Caledonian Friarbird — one of the many New Caledonian endemics we will be targeting. www.birdingecotours.com [email protected] 3 | ITINERARY Birding Tour New Caledonia, Fiji, and Samoa We will spend time in the following areas: Parc Provincial de la Rivière Bleue, Mont Koghi, and the Farino area.