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Comunidade de Carabidae (Coleoptera) em manchas florestais... 317 Comunidade de Carabidae (Coleoptera) em manchas florestais no Pantanal, Mato Grosso do Sul, Brasil Letícia Vieira1, Frederico S. Lopes2, Wedson D. Fernandes3 & Josué Raizer3 1. Departamento de Entomologia, Universidade Federal de Lavras, Caixa Postal 3037, 37200-000 Lavras, MG. ([email protected]) 2. Departamento de Biologia, Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso do Sul, Caixa Postal 549, 79070-900 Campo Grande, MS. ([email protected]) 3. Faculdade de Ciências Biológicas e Ambientais, Universidade Federal da Grande Dourados, Caixa Postal 533, 79825-070 Dourados, MS. ([email protected]; [email protected]) ABSTRACT. Carabid community (Coleoptera) in forest patches in Pantanal, State of Mato Grosso do Sul, Brazil. This work addresses the effects of the size, flooding susceptibility and vegetation complexity on ground beetles community structure (Coleoptera, Carabidae) in forest patches (capões) in the sub-regions Miranda and Abobral of the Pantanal, State of Mato Grosso do Sul. Thirty pitfall traps were run for six days per month, in six forest patches between October 1998 and October 1999. A total of 2,071 individuals of 64 species were captured. Negrea scutellaris (Dejean, 1831) and an unidentified Lebiini were the most abundant species (472 and 464 individuals respectively). Gregarious distribution and great number of species of low abundance could reflect the pattern of resource availability in the tropical regions. Species richness in the forest patches was explained only by vegetation complexity, whereas species composition demonstrated no significant relationship with any of the considered variables. This lack of relationship could have been driven by the limited variation in size and vegetation complexity of capões; alternatively, it may reflect a stronger effect of species composition change at regional, rather than local scales. KEYWORDS. Community structure, Carabidae, Pantanal, vegetation complexity, wetland. RESUMO. Neste trabalho foi estudado o efeito do tamanho, susceptibilidade à inundação e complexidade vegetacional na estrutura de comunidade de Carabidae (Coleoptera) em ilhas de vegetação arbórea (capões de mata) no Pantanal sul-mato-grossense, sub-regiões Miranda e Abobral. Os dados foram obtidos no período de outubro de 1998 a outubro de 1999 em seis capões de mata, através de 30 armadilhas de queda (“pitfall traps”) instaladas por seis dias, mensalmente, no interior dos capões. Foram capturados 2.071 indivíduos, distribuídos em 64 espécies. Negrea scutellaris (Dejean, 1831) e uma espécie não-identificada de Lebiini foram as espécies mais abundantes (com 472 e 464 indivíduos, respectivamente). A distribuição gregária e o elevado número de espécies pouco abundantes encontrados pode refletir o padrão de disponibilidade de recursos das regiões tropicais. Entre as variáveis estudadas, apenas a complexidade vegetacional explicou a variação da riqueza de espécies nos capões de mata. A composição das espécies não foi explicada por nenhuma das variáveis avaliadas. Possivelmente a variação em tamanho e em complexidade vegetacional dos capões não seja tão evidente para demonstrar estas relações e a composição das espécies esteja variando mais em escala regional do que em escala local. PALAVRAS-CHAVE. Estrutura de comunidade, Carabidae, Pantanal, complexidade vegetacional, planície de inundação. Carabidae (Coleoptera) é a terceira família mais As comunidades de carabídeos são moderadamente numerosa de besouros, representada por 40.000 espécies ricas em espécies, tanto em escala local quanto regional. distribuídas em 86 tribos (LÖVEI & SUDERLAND, 1996). A Geralmente, têm entre 10 e 40 espécies ativas em um Região Neotropical possui a maior diversidade de mesmo hábitat na mesma estação (LÖVEI & SUDERLAND, espécies (LÖVEI & SUDERLAND, 1996) e o Brasil, a maior 1996). Muitas espécies são sazonalmente dependentes riqueza (1.506) e ocorrência de gêneros descritos (194) da paisagem, migrando entre ambientes para a reprodução (ROIG-JUÑENT & DOMÍNGUEZ, 2001). na primavera e sobrevivência no inverno (VARCHOLA & Os carabídeos são besouros de hábitos diurnos e DUNN, 1999; LYS et al., 1994). Embora seja um dos grupos noturnos (LÖVEI & SUDERLAND, 1996). Quanto ao hábito taxonômicos mais conhecidos em várias regiões do alimentar, podem ser onívoros ou predadores de mundo, a família é pouco estudada na Região Neotropical sementes (BOOTH et al., 1990) e de frutos caídos (NIMIELÄ, 1990a; DIEFENBACH & BECKER, 1992) e, no (PAARMANN et al., 2001). Entretanto, a maioria das espécies Pantanal, os escassos registros correspondem – tanto as larvas quanto os adultos – é predadora de principalmente à descrição de novas espécies (e.g. VIEIRA vários invertebrados (VARCHOLA & DUNN, 1999; LÖVEI & & BELLO, 2004). SUDERLAND, 1996), representando um importante grupo O Pantanal é uma planície sedimentar formada no utilizado no manejo de pragas e no controle biológico período quaternário (SILVA et al., 2000), que ocupa uma (PAVUK et al., 1997). área de aproximadamente 140.000 km², no centro da A ocorrência destes besouros pode estar associada América do Sul (JUNK, 1993). Esta planície mostra-se com alguns parâmetros ambientais, tais como tipo ou extremamente rica na composição fisionômica, com umidade do solo e cobertura vegetal (INGS & HARTLEY, formações características, tais como: “vazantes”, 1999; MOLNÁR et al., 2001; EYRE et al., 2003). São sensíveis “corixos”, “baías”, “cordilheiras” e “capões de mata” – a alterações ambientais e climáticas e podem utilizar termos regionalmente usados para definir corpos d’água diferentes ambientes como refúgio em condições e formações vegetais (PONCE & CUNHA, 1993). Os capões desfavoráveis (THIELE, 1977; VARCHOLA & DUNN, 2001). de mata – ilhas de floresta semicaducifólia – estão Iheringia, Sér. Zool., Porto Alegre, 98(3):317-324, 30 de setembro de 2008 318 VIEIRA et al. situados em terrenos 1 a 3 m mais elevados que o campo capões próximo à rodovia MS-184 é de aproximadamente circundante e, geralmente, possuem forma circular ou 1 m. elíptica (PRANCE & SCHALLER, 1982; OLIVEIRA-FILHO, 1992). Os carabídeos foram coletados mensalmente no As áreas mais baixas dos capões de mata estão sujeitas período de outubro de 1998 a outubro de 1999. Para a ao alagamento periódico, enquanto as porções mais captura dos besouros foram instaladas 30 armadilhas de elevadas não são alagadas, exceto em cheias plurianuais queda (“pitfall traps”) no centro de cada capão de mata, excepcionalmente altas. Em período de inundações permanecendo no local por um período de seis dias. Elas normais, os capões de mata apresentam-se como “ilhas” foram dispostas em três fileiras com dez armadilhas cada, e servem de refúgio para os animais intolerantes à com espaçamento de 1 m uma da outra e entre as fileiras, inundação. Assim, espera-se que as comunidades formando um retângulo de 18 m². biológicas em capões de mata estejam organizadas As armadilhas foram confeccionadas com potes segundo a teoria do equilíbrio da biogeografia de ilhas plásticos de 15 cm de diâmetro e 10 cm de altura, contendo (MACARTHUR & WILSON, 1967), como já evidenciado em 250 ml de líquido conservante – ¾ do volume de álcool fragmentos de mata em diferentes regiões (FAHRIG, 2003), etílico a 70% e ¼ de formaldeído a 10% –, acrescido de mais fortemente em áreas sujeitas à inundação periódica. algumas gotas de detergente doméstico. Todas as A heterogeneidade do hábitat está positivamente armadilhas foram cobertas com pratos plásticos de 20 cm relacionada à diversidade de espécies. Mas, dependendo de diâmetro, a 10 cm acima da abertura do pote, do grupo taxonômico, da escala espacial e do parâmetro sustentados por palitos de madeira, para minimizar a estrutural, a diversidade pode até diminuir com o incremento entrada da água das chuvas e de restos vegetais. em heterogeneidade (DAVIDOWITZ & ROSENZWEIG, 1998; O material coletado nas armadilhas foi transportado SULLIVAN & SULLIVAN, 2001; TEWS et al., 2004). A comunidade ao laboratório e conservado em álcool 70% para posterior de plantas determina a estrutura física do ambiente para as triagem dos besouros e acondicionamento em mantas de espécies animais em muitos hábitats (MACARTHUR & algodão que foram secadas em estufa a 40º C por 48 horas. MACARTHUR, 1961; LAWTON, 1983; MCCOY & BELL, 1991; Os carabídeos foram montados em alfinetes TEWS et al., 2004). Em capões com maior complexidade entomológicos e identificados por meio de chaves estrutural da vegetação podem ocorrer espécies animais dicotômicas (REICHARDT, 1974, 1977; STRANEO, 1979; mais especializadas e, portanto, a diversidade de besouros NOONAN, 1985). carabídeos deve responder positivamente à complexidade As espécies ou morfotipos foram comparados, para da vegetação, pois a diversidade de nichos na serrapilheira confirmação, com exemplares da coleção do Museu de depende da fonte principalmente de folhas e ramos do Zoologia da Universidade de São Paulo (MZSP). estrato arbustivo e arbóreo. Exemplares das espécies identificadas neste trabalho Neste trabalho foi avaliado como a estrutura da estão depositados na coleção de referência do MZSP. comunidade de Carabidae (Coleoptera) em capões de O perímetro dos capões foi obtido em campo com mata está relacionada ao tamanho, à inundação e à auxílio de trena flexível, como estimativa do tamanho dos complexidade da vegetação. capões. A complexidade estrutural da vegetação dos capões foi medida através dos seguintes parâmetros: (1) MATERIAIS E MÉTODOS densidade
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    Animal Biodiversity and Conservation 38.1 (2015) 1 Joaquim Mateu (1921–2015), an entire life dedicated to the study of insects X. Bellés Bellés, X., 2015. Joaquím Mateu (1921–2015), tota una vida dedicada a l'estudi dels insectes. Animal Biodiversity and Conservation, 38.1: 139–145. Joaquim Mateu Sanpere was born in Barcelona on From Barcelona to the Sahara and to Almería January 9, 1921 within a wealthy family of the Catalan (1940–1956) bourgeoisie of the early twentieth century. His parents were Cristòfol Mateu Ferrer and Teresa Sanpere In 1940, Mateu contacted the Museu de Zoologia of Cantelis, and the family had an illustrious ancestor, Barcelona, specifically​​ the section of entomology then the historian, critic and politician Salvador Sanpere i headed by Francesc Español. This first meeting would Miquel, the father of Teresa Sanpere who had died in be the beginning of a great friendship that would 1915. Joaquim was the second of the couple´s four last until the death of Español in 1999. However, children: Eduard had preceded him, while Josep and two years after that first contact, in November 1942, Elena were born after him. Mateu began his military service, which extended until As a child, Joaquim Mateu studied at the school June 1945. A military service that was exceptional, Sant Joan Baptista de La Salle, in the Gracia district since, thanks to his knowledge of natural history, of Barcelona. However, as he describes in unpublished he was able to convince the military authorities to autobiographical notes, during his adolescence he had be posted to North Africa as a naturalist attached poor health, afflicted with asthma and bronchitis, which to the government of the territory Ifni–Sahara, then forced him to spend long periods at home, where he belonging to Spain.
  • Carabid Beetle (Coleoptera, Carabidae) Richness, Diversity, And

    ZooKeys 1044: 831–876 (2021) A peer-reviewed open-access journal doi: 10.3897/zookeys.1044.62340 RESEARCH ARTICLE https://zookeys.pensoft.net Launched to accelerate biodiversity research Carabid beetle (Coleoptera, Carabidae) richness, diversity, and community structure in the understory of temporarily flooded and non-flooded Amazonian forests of Ecuador Kathryn N. Riley Peterson1,2, Robert A. Browne1, Terry L. Erwin3,† 1 Department of Biology, Wake Forest University, Winston-Salem, NC, USA 2 Department of Natural Sci- ences, Pfeiffer University, Misenheimer, NC, USA 3 Department of Entomology, National Museum of Natural History, Smithsonian Institution, Washington, DC, USA Corresponding author: Kathryn N. Riley Peterson ([email protected]) Academic editor: John Spence | Received 23 December 2020 | Accepted 9 April 2021 | Published 16 June 2021 http://zoobank.org/EE982C93-25DD-4104-9F5C-3383B7459EE8 Citation: Riley Peterson KN, Browne RA, Erwin TL (2021) Carabid beetle (Coleoptera, Carabidae) richness, diversity, and community structure in the understory of temporarily flooded and non-flooded Amazonian forests of Ecuador. In: Spence J, Casale A, Assmann T, Liebherr JK, Penev L (Eds) Systematic Zoology and Biodiversity Science: A tribute to Terry Erwin (1940–2020). ZooKeys 1044: 831–876. https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1044.62340 Abstract Although tropical regions harbor the greatest arthropod diversity on Earth, the majority of species are taxonomically and scientifically unknown. Furthermore, how they are organized into functional com- munities and distributed among habitats is mostly unstudied. Here we examine species richness, diver- sity, and community composition of carabid beetles (Coleoptera: Carabidae) and compare them between flooded (FP) and non-flooded terra firme (TF) forests in the Yasuní area of Ecuador.
  • MARINE SOPOD CRUSTACEANS George A

    MARINE SOPOD CRUSTACEANS George A

    ffll SvUe* How To Know THE MARINE SOPOD CRUSTACEANS George A. Schultz Hampton, New Jersey WM. -C. BROWN COMPANY PUBLISHERS Dubuque, lows /v<7 . tiyrunt(6i t^an c/^'A/vcrt/ {(.cr/c. &?rt>//s frep*eg- (jl^n W7& ftnlhcrSL Aft*f /fliers I#77 ' Anctnus cfafh&ae /tfe»-z.ie$ <? ^*W /**-? ^ Anilocrg. foerttf/'ona/t's /&<r£arJro/7 /^/ ftporoo.opyras ov,'firms s/?///7o /fSjf te/'a/o-tefr TJnJfet// /$ rosea. & tOa//&rs-7£:e/rt W?? Crtjp-tcihir Safari (Gate /fto) £K cire/aria hrg.z.i/few's /?/c/raster? /f'Z- £rr/chso/?e//a eor-lez./ tfrvsc* <t .uk//ers/e*ir /frr Hbfophryjcvs- Cd'/ffcrw&ftK /ZtcSarctser?/&>f TJcrfea (frrifM&t)- h'rcAarrskU /ff///er If Lee. W7o •/nis/)i(//'ori' p kurort cod's flfoAAas? '/flan id'*".- c^ense 8<?on/om \ ^ Myelin /rr/ta"* Socne f^^Z\ fc^ i^i^i y*Wtf~ ^_J^^ Copyright © 1969 by Wm. C. Brown Company Publishers Library of Congress Catalog Card Number 76-89536 SBN 697-04864-0 (Paper) SBN 697-04865-9 (Cloth) THE PICTURED-KEY NATURE SERIES How To Know The— AQUATIC PLANTS, Prescott, 1969 BEETLES, Jaques, 1951 BUTTERFLIES, Ehrlich, 1961 CACTI, Dawson, 1963 EASTERN LAND SNAILS, Burch, 1962 ECONOMIC PLANTS, Jaques, 1948, 1958 FALL FLOWERS, Cuthbert, 1948 FRESHWATER ALGAE, Prescott, 1954, 1970 FRESHWATER FISHES, Eddy, 1957, 1969 GRASSES, Pohl, 1953, 1968 GRASSHOPPERS, Heifer, 1963 IMMATURE INSECTS, Chu, 1949 INSECTS, Jaques, 1947 LAND BIRDS, Jaques, 1947 LICHENS, Hale, 1969 LIVING THINGS, Jaques, 1946 MAMMALS, Booth, 1949 MARINE ISOPOD CRUSTACEANS, Schultz, 1969 MOSSES AND LIVERWORTS, Conard, 1944, 1956 PLANT FAMILIES, Jaques, 1948 POLLEN AND SPORES, Kapp, 1969 PROTOZOA, Jahn, 1949 •• SEAWEEDS, Dawson, 1956 SPIDERS, Kaston, 1952 SPRING FLOWERS, Cuthbert, 1943, 1949 TAPEWORMS, Schmidt, 1970 TREES, Jaques, 1946 WATER BIRDS, Jaques-Ollivier, 1960 WEEDS, Jaques, 1959 WESTERN TREES, Baerg, 1955 Other subjects in preparation Printed in United States of America INTRODUCTION This book was undertaken as an attempt to bring together for the amateur and the professional what is known of the Systematics and distribution of marine isopod crustaceans from North America.