Rasbdb Subject Keywords

Total Page:16

File Type:pdf, Size:1020Kb

Rasbdb Subject Keywords Leigh Marymor, Compiler KEYWORD GUIDE A joint project of the Museum of Northern Arizona and the Bay Area Rock Art Research Association KEYWORD GUIDE Compiled by Leigh Marymor, Research Associate, Museum of Northern Arizona. 1 September 15, 2020 KEYWORD GUIDE Mortars, cupules, and pecked curvilinear nucleated forms. Canyon Trail Park, San Francisco Bay Area, California, USA. Compiled by Leigh Marymor, Research Associate, Museum of Northern Arizona. 2 September 15, 2020 KEYWORD GUIDE Aerial Photography .......................................... 9 Archival storage ............................................... 9 Table of Contents Augmented Reality .......................................... 9 Bias ................................................................... 9 INTRODUCTION: .................................................. 7 Casts ................................................................. 9 Classification .................................................... 9 SUBJECT KEYWORDS: ........................................... 8 Digital Sound Recording................................... 9 CULTURAL CONTEXT ..............................................8 Digital Storage ................................................. 9 CULTURAL RESOURCE MANAGEMENT ..................8 Drawing.......................................................... 10 Cultural Tourism ...............................................8 Historic Documentation ................................. 10 Community Involvement ...................................8 Laser Scanning ............................................... 10 Condition Assessment .......................................8 Lighting .......................................................... 10 Conservation .....................................................8 Mapping ......................................................... 10 Conservator, Rock Art .......................................8 Mobile Phone App .......................................... 10 Consultation ......................................................8 Multidimensional Scaling ............................... 10 Documentation .................................................8 Panorama ...................................................... 10 Impacts, Environmental ....................................8 Photo Enhancement ....................................... 10 Impacts, Human................................................8 Photogrammetry............................................ 10 Legal Protection ................................................8 Photography .................................................. 10 Management Plan ............................................8 Recording Methodology ................................ 10 Monitoring ........................................................8 Remote Sensing.............................................. 10 Physical Intervention ........................................8 Rubbing .......................................................... 10 Public Interpretation .........................................8 Site Record ..................................................... 10 Preservation ......................................................9 Site Survey ...................................................... 10 Significance .......................................................9 Spatial Imaging System.................................. 10 Stakeholders .....................................................9 Stratigraphy ................................................... 10 Stewardship ......................................................9 Surface Feature Enhancement ....................... 10 DATING ..................................................................9 Tracing ........................................................... 10 DIRECT DATING: PETROGLYPHS (ROCK CARVINGS; Traditional Knowledge ................................... 10 ROCK ENGRAVINGS) ..............................................9 Video .............................................................. 10 Accretions .........................................................9 EDUCATION......................................................... 11 Cation Ratio Analysis ........................................9 ETHICS ................................................................. 11 Cosmogenic Nuclide Analysis............................9 HERITAGE ............................................................ 11 Depictions of Objects with Age Information.....9 ICONOGRAPHY .................................................... 11 Luminescence Dating ........................................9 Arborglyph ..................................................... 11 Obsidian Hydration ...........................................9 Classification .................................................. 11 Rock Varnish .....................................................9 Iconography Search Terms, Examples of ....... 11 Stratified Deposits ............................................9 Mobiliary (Portable) Art ................................. 11 Weathering Indices ...........................................9 Pigment .......................................................... 11 DIRECT DATING: PICTOGRAPHS (PICTOGRAMS; Pigment Analysis ............................................ 12 ROCK PAINTINGS) ..................................................9 Rock Feature Incorporation ........................... 12 Accretions .........................................................9 Technique ....................................................... 12 Beeswax ............................................................9 INDIGENOUS WORLDVIEW ................................. 12 Charcoal Pigments ............................................9 INTERPRETATION, EXAMPLES OF ........................ 12 Cosmogenic Nuclide Analysis............................9 ORIGINS OF ART .................................................. 12 Depictions of Objects with Age Information.....9 RESEARCH MODALITIES, EXAMPLES OF .............. 12 Luminescence Dating ........................................9 ROCK FEATURES .................................................. 12 Stratified deposits .............................................9 Cairn ............................................................... 12 Stylistic analysis ................................................9 Dolmen ........................................................... 12 DOCUMENTATION .................................................9 Effigy Mound .................................................. 13 Compiled by Leigh Marymor, Research Associate, Museum of Northern Arizona. 3 September 15, 2020 KEYWORD GUIDE Effigy stone .................................................... 13 Kenya ............................................................. 14 Geoglyph ........................................................ 13 Madagascar ................................................... 14 Grinding Slick ................................................. 13 Malawi (formerly Nyasaland) ........................ 14 Intaglio ........................................................... 13 Mauritius ........................................................ 14 Kerb Stone ...................................................... 13 Mayotte (France) ........................................... 14 Labyrinth ........................................................ 13 Mozambique .................................................. 14 Lithophone ..................................................... 13 Réunion (France) ............................................ 14 Medicine Rock ................................................ 13 Seychelles ....................................................... 14 Megalith ........................................................ 13 Somalia .......................................................... 14 Mortar............................................................ 13 South Sudan ................................................... 14 Pareidolia ....................................................... 13 Tanzania ......................................................... 15 Ringing Rock .................................................. 13 NORTH AFRICA .................................................... 15 Rock Alignment .............................................. 13 Algeria ............................................................ 15 Rock Basin ...................................................... 13 Canary Islands (Provincia de Canarias, Spain)15 Rock Circle ...................................................... 13 Chad ............................................................... 15 Rock Ring ....................................................... 13 Egypt .............................................................. 16 Rock Slide ....................................................... 13 Libya ............................................................... 16 Rock Wall ....................................................... 13 Morocco ......................................................... 16 Sculpture ........................................................ 13 Republic of Sudan.......................................... 17 Sculptured Rock ............................................. 13 Tunisia ............................................................ 17 Speleotherm ................................................... 13 SOUTH CENTRAL AFRICA ..................................... 17 Stele
Recommended publications
  • Bulletin De L'institut Français D'études Andines 34 (1) | 2005
    Bulletin de l'Institut français d'études andines 34 (1) | 2005 Varia Edición electrónica URL: http://journals.openedition.org/bifea/5562 DOI: 10.4000/bifea.5562 ISSN: 2076-5827 Editor Institut Français d'Études Andines Edición impresa Fecha de publicación: 1 mayo 2005 ISSN: 0303-7495 Referencia electrónica Bulletin de l'Institut français d'études andines, 34 (1) | 2005 [En línea], Publicado el 08 mayo 2005, consultado el 08 diciembre 2020. URL : http://journals.openedition.org/bifea/5562 ; DOI : https:// doi.org/10.4000/bifea.5562 Les contenus du Bulletin de l’Institut français d’études andines sont mis à disposition selon les termes de la licence Creative Commons Attribution - Pas d'Utilisation Commerciale - Pas de Modification 4.0 International. Olivier Dollfus, una pasión por los Andes Bulletin de l’Institut Français d’Études Andines / 2005, 34 (1): 1-4 IFEA Olivier Dollfus, una pasión por los Andes Évelyne Mesclier* Henri Godard** Jean-Paul Deler*** En la sabiduría aymara, el pasado está por delante de nosotros y podemos verlo alejarse, mientras que el futuro está detrás nuestro, invisible e irreversible; Olivier Dollfus apreciaba esta metáfora del hilo de la vida y del curso de la historia. En el 2004, marcado por las secuelas físicas de un grave accidente de salud pero mentalmente alerta, realizó su más caro sueño desde hacía varios años: regresar al Perú, que iba a ser su último gran viaje. En 1957, el joven de 26 años que no hablaba castellano, aterrizó en Lima por vez primera, luego de un largo sobrevuelo sobre América del Sur con un magnífico clima, atravesando la Amazonía y los Andes —de los que se enamoró inmediatamente— hasta el desierto costero del Pacífico.
    [Show full text]
  • Egyptian Scientist Finds a Rewarding Life in Xinjiang Farmers Form Table
    16 | Thursday, July 15, 2021 HONG KONG EDITION | CHINA DAILY LIFE Egyptian scientist finds a rewarding life in Xinjiang URUMQI — For Osama Abdalla Abdelshafy Mohamed, an Egyp- tian scientist who has been living in Northwest China’s Xinjiang I can say that, as a Uygur autonomous region for more than four years, one thing scientist, I am made has long remained largely in China, because unchanged. “My first impression of Xinjiang Chinese professors is also the lasting impression,” says and classmates have Osama, who describes the western taught me how to do Chinese region as a safe, beautiful, diverse and hospitable place. high-quality As a researcher at the State Key research and build Laboratory of Desert and Oasis Ecology of the Xinjiang Institute my scientific career.” of Ecology and Geography, or Osama Abdalla Abdelshafy XIEG, of the Chinese Academy of Mohamed, Egyptian scientist Science, Osama began his ties with Xinjiang in 2014. Li Li, a classmate of Osama dur- structure improvement in the city ing his four-year doctoral study at he lives in. Northwest A&F University in “When I first came to Urumqi, it Shaanxi province, introduced him was just the Rapid Bus Transit. to both Professor Li Wenjun, the Now we have the subway and you group leader of the laboratory of can see that Urumqi is extending Extreme Environmental Microbi- everywhere, with many new build- Tang Shengsheng (center) performs with the Amne Machin music group from Golog at the Shanghai Conservatory of Music Opera ology, and to a fellowship research ings,” he says. House. PROVIDED TO CHINA DAILY project called the Talented Young Osama has visited many places Scientist program at the Xinjiang in Xinjiang and now considers institute.
    [Show full text]
  • New Insight Into the Phylogeographic Pattern Of
    New insight into the phylogeographic pattern of Liriodendron chinense (Magnoliaceae) revealed by chloroplast DNA: east–west lineage split and genetic mixture within western subtropical China Aihong Yang, Yongda Zhong, Shujuan Liu, Lipan Liu, Tengyun Liu, Yanqiang Li and Faxin Yu The Key Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Genetic and Improvement of Jiangxi, Institute of Biological Resources, Jiangxi Academy of Sciences, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China ABSTRACT Background: Subtropical China is a global center of biodiversity and one of the most important refugia worldwide. Mountains play an important role in conserving the genetic resources of species. Liriodendron chinense is a Tertiary relict tree largely endemic to subtropical China. In this study, we aimed to achieve a better understanding of the phylogeographical pattern of L. chinense andtoexploretheroleofmountainsintheconservationofL. chinense genetic resources. Methods: Three chloroplast regions (psbJ-petA, rpl32-ndhF, and trnK5’-matK) were sequenced in 40 populations of L. chinense for phylogeographical analyses. Relationships among chloroplast DNA (cpDNA) haplotypes were determined using median-joining networks, and genetic structure was examined by spatial analysis of molecular variance (SAMOVA). The ancestral area of the species was reconstructed using the Bayesian binary Markov Chain Monte Carlo (BBM) method according to its geographic distribution and a maximum parsimony (MP) tree based on Bayesian methods. Results: Obvious phylogeographic structure was found in L. chinense. SAMOVA Submitted 13 September 2018 revealed seven groups matching the major landscape features of the L. chinense Accepted 26 December 2018 Published 1 February 2019 distribution area. The haplotype network showed three clades distributed in the eastern, southwestern, and northwestern regions. Separate northern and southern Corresponding author Faxin Yu, [email protected] refugia were found in the Wu Mountains and Yungui Plateau, with genetic admixture in the Dalou Mountains and Wuling Mountains.
    [Show full text]
  • Food and Beverage Catalogue Kazakhstan Export Accelerator Programme Foreword
    Food and Beverage Catalogue Kazakhstan Export Accelerator Programme Foreword Dear colleagues, The Ministry of Trade and Integration of the Republic of Kazakhstan welcome you to the Kazakhstan pavilion at the 3rd China International Import Expo (CIIE). We wish we could welcome you in person, but we are happy that in these unprecedented times the CIIE organizers and our team were able to arrange our participation in the exhibition in the virtual format. This catalogue includes food and beverage products manufactured by 35 Kazakh companies that are taking part in the first Export Accelerator program initiated by the Ministry of Trade and Integration of the Republic of Kazakhstan. The program has been developed and being implemented by the QazTrade Center for Trade Policy Development and PwC. This year the aim of the program is to help promising domestic food producers expand their presence in the Chinese market. For many businesses, entering the international market is a long and complicated process. Lack of information, complex certification procedures, lack of export experience are among the reasons why businesses give up their export plans. Together with the PwC team, we are providing export consulting and intensive individual coaching sessions to the companies participating in the program to ensure their long-term presence in the Chinese market. We believe that the products listed in this catalogue would be deservedly in demand in China because of their high quality and uniqueness. We would like to express our appreciation for you taking your time to stop by our pavilion. Bakhyt Sultanov Minister of Trade and Integration of the Republic of Kazakhstan 2 Introduction This year, the food industry was chosen for the first program, due to its enormous export potential with China being the main sales market for Kazakh producers to target new exports.
    [Show full text]
  • KZ Report2018.Pdf
    National Preventive Mechanism for the Prevention of Torture / CONSOLIDATED REPORT • 2016 / 1 CONSOLIDATED REPORT CONSOLIDATED REPORT Prepared by the National Preventive Mechanism Membersconsolidated on report the Preventive Prepared by the National Preventive MechanismVisits members Made on thein 2016Preventive Visits Made in 2017 National Preventive Mechanism for the Prevention of Torture Astana |2018 2017 Consolidated Report of the National Preventive Mechanism members on the preventive visits carried out in 2017, Astana, 2017 - 178 p. The Report has been drafted by the Coordination Council of NPM under the Comissioner for Human Rights and published with the support of the OSCE Programme Office in Astana and the Penal Reform International Representative Office in Central Asia The content of the document is the sole liability of the authors. CONTENTS 1. On some organizational issues of the National Preventive Mechanism in 2017 ............................. 7 2. Rights of convicts in correctional institutions of the Committee of the Criminal Execution System (CCES) under the Ministry of Interior of the Republic of Kazakhstan (MoI RK) .............................15 3. The situation of persons detained in remand centres of the Committee of the Criminal Execution System (CCES) under the Ministry of Interior of the Republic of Kazakhstan (MoI RK) .........................................31 4. The situation of persons held in temporary detention facilities and other institutions of the Ministry of Interior of the Republic of Kazakhstan (MoI RK) .........67 5. The situation of persons held in institutions subordinated to the National Security Committee (NSC) of the Republic of Kazakhstan .............83 6. The situation of persons held in institutions under the Ministry of Defence .............................................89 7.
    [Show full text]
  • China's Special Poor Areas and Their Geographical Conditions
    sustainability Article China’s Special Poor Areas and Their Geographical Conditions Xin Xu 1,2, Chengjin Wang 1,2,*, Shiping Ma 1,2 and Wenzhong Zhang 1,2 1 Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China; [email protected] (X.X.); [email protected] (S.M.); [email protected] (W.Z.) 2 College of Resources and Environment, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China * Correspondence: [email protected] Abstract: Special functional areas and poor areas tend to spatially overlap, and poverty is a common feature of both. Special poor areas, taken as a kind of “policy space,” have attracted the interest of researchers and policymakers around the world. This study proposes a basic concept of special poor areas and uses this concept to develop a method to identify them. Poor counties in China are taken as the basic research unit and overlaps in spatial attributes including old revolutionary bases, borders, ecological degradation, and ethnic minorities, are used to identify special poor areas. The authors then analyze their basic quantitative structure and pattern of distribution to determine the geographical bases’ formation and development. The results show that 304 counties in China, covering a vast territory of 12 contiguous areas that contain a small population, are lagging behind the rest of the country. These areas are characterized by rich energy and resource endowments, important ecological functions, special historical status, and concentrated poverty. They are considered “special poor” for geographical reasons such as a relatively harsh natural geographical environment, remote location, deteriorating ecological environment, and an inadequate infrastructure network and public service system.
    [Show full text]
  • The Geoglyphs of Har Karkom (Negev, Israel): Classification and Interpretation
    PAPERS XXIV Valcamonica Symposium 2011 THE GEOGLYPHS OF HAR KARKOM (NEGEV, ISRAEL): CLASSIFICATION AND INTERPRETATION Federico Mailland* Abstract - The geoglyphs of Har Karkom (Negev, Israel): classification and interpretation There is a debate on the possible interpretation of geoglyphs as a form of art, less durable than rock engravings, picture or sculpture. Also, there is a debate on how to date the geoglyphs, though some methods have been proposed. Har Karkom is a rocky mountain, a mesa in the middle of what today is a desert, a holy mountain which was worshipped in the prehis- tory. The flat conformation of the plateau and the fact that it was forbidden to the peoples during several millennia allowed the preservation of several geoglyphs on its flat ground. The geoglyphs of Har Karkom are drawings made on the surface by using pebbles or by cleaning certain areas of stones and other surface rough features. Some of the drawings are over 30 m long. The area of Har Karkom plateau and the southern Wadi Karkom was surveyed and zenithal pictures were taken by means of a balloon with a hanging digital camera. The aerial survey of Har Karkom plateau has reviewed the presence of about 25 geoglyph sites concentrated in a limited area of no more than 4 square km, which is considered to have been a sacred area at the time the geoglyphs were produced and defines one of the major world concentrations of this kind of art. The possible presence among the depictions of large mammals, such as elephant and rhino, already extinct in the area since late Pleistocene, may imply a Palaeolithic dating for some of the pebble drawings, which would make them the oldest pebble drawings known so far.
    [Show full text]
  • Climate Change
    This “Mongolia Second Assessment Report on Climate Change 2014” (MARCC 2014) has been developed and published by the Ministry of Environment and Green Development of Mongolia with financial support from the GIZ programme “Biodiversity and adaptation of key forest ecosystems to climate change”, which is being implemented in Mongolia on behalf of the German Federal Ministry for Economic Cooperation and Development. Copyright © 2014, Ministry of Environment and Green Development of Mongolia Editors-in-chief: Damdin Dagvadorj Zamba Batjargal Luvsan Natsagdorj Disclaimers This publication may be reproduced in whole or in part in any form for educational or non-profit services without special permission from the copyright holder, provided acknowledgement of the source is made. The Ministry of Environment and Green Development of Mongolia would appreciate receiving a copy of any publication that uses this publication as a source. No use of this publication may be made for resale or any other commercial purpose whatsoever without prior permission in writing from the Ministry of Environment and Green Development of Mongolia. TABLE OF CONTENTS List of Figures . 3 List of Tables . .. 12 Abbreviations . 14 Units . 17 Foreword . 19 Preface . 22 1. Introduction. Batjargal Z. 27 1.1 Background information about the country . 33 1.2 Introductory information on the second assessment report-MARCC 2014 . 31 2. Climate change: observed changes and future projection . 37 2.1 Global climate change and its regional and local implications. Batjargal Z. 39 2.1.1 Observed global climate change as estimated within IPCC AR5 . 40 2.1.2 Temporary slowing down of the warming . 43 2.1.3 Driving factors of the global climate change .
    [Show full text]
  • World Bank Document
    Document of The World Bank FOR OFFICIAL USE ONLY Public Disclosure Authorized Report No: 59305-BO PROJECT APPRAISAL DOCUMENT ON A PROPOSED CREDIT Public Disclosure Authorized IN THE AMOUNT OF SDR 69.65 MILLLION (US$ 109.5 MILLION EQUIVALENT) TO THE PLURINATIONAL STATE OF BOLIVIA FOR THE NATIONAL ROADS AND AIRPORT INFRASTRUCTURE PROJECT Public Disclosure Authorized April 06, 2011 Sustainable Development Department Country Management Unit for Bolivia, Chile, Ecuador, Peru and Venezuela Latin America and the Caribbean Region Public Disclosure Authorized This document has a restricted distribution and may be used by recipients only in the performance of their official duties. Its contents may not otherwise be disclosed without World Bank authorization. CURRENCY EQUIVALENTS (Exchange Rate Effective March 4, 2011) Currency Unit = Bolivian Bolivianos BOB7.01 = US$1 US$1.58 = SDR1 FISCAL YEAR January 1 – December 31 ABBREVIATIONS AND ACRONYMS AASANA Administración de Aeropuertos y Servicios Auxiliares a la Navegación Aérea Airport and Aviation Services Administration ABC Administradora Boliviana de Carreteras National Road Agency ABT Autoridad de Bosques y Tierra Authority on Forest and Land ADT Average Daily Traffic CIPTA Consejo Indígena del Pueblo Tacana Counsel for the Indigeneous Tacana People DA Designated Account EA Environmental Assessment EIRR Economic Internal Rate of Return EMP Environmental Management Plan FM Financial Management GAC Governance and Anti-corruption GDP Gross Domestic Product GOB Government of Bolivia HDM-4 Highway
    [Show full text]
  • © Cambridge University Press Cambridge
    Cambridge University Press 978-0-521-87733-6 - Sandstone Landforms Robert. W. Young, Robert. A. L. Wray and Ann. R. M. Young Index More information Index A-tent phenomena 92 bedrock profiles (thalwegs) 202, 205–208, accordant structure 252 213–214 Adrar, Mauritania 218 benches see also stepped slopes 29, 40, 41, 95, aeolianite 20, 155 213, 219, 254 Africa 174, 189, 211, 221 biochemical weathering 214 caves in 165–167 biofilms 127 alcoves see also apses 88 bioturbation 185 algae 127, 148, 181 bioweathering 124–127, 180, 185 aluminium and silica solubility 123 Black Forest, Germany 233 Amazon Basin see also Roraima block gliding 73–76 silica load in streams 130 block sliding 66, 68–71 amorphous silica 134 Blue Mountains, Australia see also Three Sisters amphitheatres 83–87, 196, 199 57, 181, 194, 249 Andes Mountains 247 Book Cliffs, USA 45–47 angle of repose of debris 81, 224 Borkou, Saharan Africa see Tassili Antarctica 80, 127, 147, 234, 237, 239–241 Borneo 216 anticlinal valleys 253 breached anticline see also topographic inversion Appalachians, eastern USA 19, 39, 82, 156, 205, 252, 254 252–253 Britain see also Millstone Grit; Ardingley, New apses see also alcoves 101 Red, Old Red and Torridonian Sandstones aquifer see also nappes 162 156, 167, 233 aquifer 69, 146, 209 Brooks Range, Alaska 253–255, 269 arches see also natural bridges 88, 101, 102–108 Bungle Bungle Range, Australia 5, 82, 97, 121, Ardingly Sandstone, England 25 127, 143, 178, 195, 199 arenization 115–117, 143 buttressing 60, 80, 95 arenites 20, 226 arkosic 29 calcareous
    [Show full text]
  • Appendix A. Supplementary Material
    Appendix A. Supplementary material Comprehensive taxon sampling and vetted fossils help clarify the time tree of shorebirds (Aves, Charadriiformes) David Cernˇ y´ 1,* & Rossy Natale2 1Department of the Geophysical Sciences, University of Chicago, Chicago 60637, USA 2Department of Organismal Biology & Anatomy, University of Chicago, Chicago 60637, USA *Corresponding Author. Email: [email protected] Contents 1 Fossil Calibrations 2 1.1 Calibrations used . .2 1.2 Rejected calibrations . 22 2 Outgroup sequences 30 2.1 Neornithine outgroups . 33 2.2 Non-neornithine outgroups . 39 3 Supplementary Methods 72 4 Supplementary Figures and Tables 74 5 Image Credits 91 References 99 1 1 Fossil Calibrations 1.1 Calibrations used Calibration 1 Node calibrated. MRCA of Uria aalge and Uria lomvia. Fossil taxon. Uria lomvia (Linnaeus, 1758). Specimen. CASG 71892 (referred specimen; Olson, 2013), California Academy of Sciences, San Francisco, CA, USA. Lower bound. 2.58 Ma. Phylogenetic justification. As in Smith (2015). Age justification. The status of CASG 71892 as the oldest known record of either of the two spp. of Uria was recently confirmed by the review of Watanabe et al. (2016). The younger of the two marine transgressions at the Tolstoi Point corresponds to the Bigbendian transgression (Olson, 2013), which contains the Gauss-Matuyama magnetostratigraphic boundary (Kaufman and Brigham-Grette, 1993). Attempts to date this reversal have been recently reviewed by Ohno et al. (2012); Singer (2014), and Head (2019). In particular, Deino et al. (2006) were able to tightly bracket the age of the reversal using high-precision 40Ar/39Ar dating of two tuffs in normally and reversely magnetized lacustrine sediments from Kenya, obtaining a value of 2.589 ± 0.003 Ma.
    [Show full text]
  • Elevation‐Dependent Thermal Regime and Dynamics of Frozen Ground in the Bayan Har Mountains, Northeastern Qinghai‐Tibet Plat
    Received: 14 December 2017 Revised: 20 September 2018 Accepted: 26 September 2018 DOI: 10.1002/ppp.1988 RESEARCH ARTICLE Elevation‐dependent thermal regime and dynamics of frozen ground in the Bayan Har Mountains, northeastern Qinghai‐ Tibet Plateau, southwest China Dongliang Luo1 | Huijun Jin1,2 | Xiaoying Jin1,3,4 | Ruixia He1 | Xiaoying Li1,3,4 | Reginald R. Muskett4 | Sergey S. Marchenko1,4 | Vladimir E. Romanovsky4 1 State Key Laboratory of Frozen Soil Engineering, Northwest Institute of Eco‐ Abstract Environment and Resources, Chinese To investigate and monitor permafrost in the Bayan Har Mountains (BHM), north‐ Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou, China eastern Qinghai–Tibet Plateau, southwest China, 19 boreholes ranging from 20 to 2 School of Civil Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, China 100 m in depth were drilled along an elevational transect (4,221–4,833 m a.s.l.) from 3 University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, July to September 2010. Measurements from these boreholes demonstrate that Beijing, China ground temperatures at the depth of zero annual amplitude (TZAA) are generally higher 4 Geophysical Institute, University of Alaska −1 Fairbanks, Fairbanks, Alaska, USA than −2.0°C. The lapse rates of TZAA are 4 and 6 °C km , and the lower limits of per- Correspondence mafrost with TZAA < −1°C are approximately 4,650 and 4,750 m a.s.l. on the northern Dongliang Luo, State Key Laboratory of (near Yeniugou) and southern (near Qingshui'he) slopes, respectively. T changes Frozen Soil Engineering, Northwest Institute ZAA of Eco‐Environment and Resources, Chinese abruptly within short distances from −0.2 to +1.2°C near the northern lower limits Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou 730000, China.
    [Show full text]