Egyptian Scientist Finds a Rewarding Life in Xinjiang Farmers Form Table
Total Page:16
File Type:pdf, Size:1020Kb
Load more
Recommended publications
-
Dictionary of Geotourism Anze Chen • Young Ng • Erkuang Zhang Mingzhong Tian Editors
Dictionary of Geotourism Anze Chen • Young Ng • Erkuang Zhang Mingzhong Tian Editors Dictionary of Geotourism With 635 Figures and 12 Tables Editors Anze Chen Young Ng Chinese Academy of Geological Sciences The Geological Society of Australia Beijing, China Sydney, NSW, Australia Erkuang Zhang Mingzhong Tian The Geological Society of China China University of Geosciences Beijing, China Beijing, China ISBN 978-981-13-2537-3 ISBN 978-981-13-2538-0 (eBook) ISBN 978-981-13-2539-7 (print and electronic bundle) https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-13-2538-0 Jointly published with Science Press, Beijing, China ISBN: 978-7-03-058981-1 Science Press, Beijing, China © Springer Nature Singapore Pte Ltd. 2020 This work is subject to copyright. All rights are reserved by the Publisher, whether the whole or part of the material is concerned, specifically the rights of translation, reprinting, reuse of illustrations, recitation, broadcasting, reproduction on microfilms or in any other physical way, and transmission or information storage and retrieval, electronic adaptation, computer software, or by similar or dissimilar methodology now known or hereafter developed. The use of general descriptive names, registered names, trademarks, service marks, etc. in this publication does not imply, even in the absence of a specific statement, that such names are exempt from the relevant protective laws and regulations and therefore free for gecneral use. The publisher, the authors, and the editors are safe to assume that the advice and information in this book are believed to be true and accurate at the date of publication. Neither the publisher nor the authors or the editors give a warranty, express or implied, with respect to the material contained herein or for any errors or omissions that may have been made. -
The Kun Lun Shan: Desert Peaks of Central Asia
The Kun Lun Shan: Desert Peaks of Central Asia MICHAEL WARD (Plates 29, 30, 32) he gaunt, bare backbone of the Kun Lun range runs for 2250km from the Russian Pamir to western China over 30 degrees of longitude. Older than the Himalaya, it separates the plateaux of the Pamir and Tibet from the deserts of Central Asia, and it is one of the longest and least known of the world's mountain ranges, with peaks up to 7700m.4,8,17,22,5l At its western end it is joined by the Tien Shan (Celestial Mountains) that forms the northern border of the Tarim-Basin, in which lies the Takla Makan desert, and in this angle is the strategic oasis city of Kashgar (Kashi).1l,29,36,59 Here four arms of the Silk Route meet: one from the Indian sub-continent to the south, two from China to the east, by the north and south rims ofthe Tarim, and one from Europe to the west. The Silk Route is the world's oldest, longest and most important land-route, linking the civilizations of the Mediterranean with those of China and India, and for more than 5000 years it has been a conduit for ideas, religion, culture, disease, invasion and trade. 10 The Kun Lun's western portion separates the Pamir and the Central Asian plateau from the Takla Makan desert and the Lop NUr.6l At 800 E it splits into two, the northern portion becoming the Altyn Tagh, while the southern continues as the East Kun Lun, ending in the Amne Machin group. -
Abstract a Geographic Analysis of The
ABSTRACT A GEOGRAPHIC ANALYSIS OF THE VULNERABILITIES AND COPING STRATEGIES OF TIBETAN HERDERS IN GANSU, CHINA by Luci Xi Lu A dominant narrative of rangeland degradation in western China is that degradation is caused by overstocking and poor land use practices. Consequently, the state has designed and implemented a series of grassland policies (e.g., privatizing common grazing land, depopulating livestock, and relocating herders) in pastoral regions of China. Although the government sees communal rangeland management as inefficient and unsustainable, collective rangeland management persists. Using Machu County in Gansu Province as a case study, I examined the differences between de jure and de facto land tenure on eastern Tibetan Plateau. This study employed semi-structured interviews and extensive participant observation with 43 Amdo Tibetan herders in Machu County, Gansu province, Western China. I also triangulated the first-hand empirical data with the secondary data I obtained from Bureau of Poverty Alleviation and Bureau of Animal Husbandry in Machu. Research findings show that instead of herding individually and maximizing the economic benefit, the majority of herders are pooling resources communally in kin-based encampments in order to avoid risks. Because of the spatio- temporal variation of precipitation, certain encampments perceive themselves more vulnerable to water shortage and topography-related hazards. Renting pastures and seeking alternative livelihoods then become the key strategies for herders to restore mobility and -
Review of Snow Cover Variation Over the Tibetan
Earth-Science Reviews 201 (2020) 103043 Contents lists available at ScienceDirect Earth-Science Reviews journal homepage: www.elsevier.com/locate/earscirev Invited review Review of snow cover variation over the Tibetan Plateau and its influence on the broad climate system T ⁎ Qinglong Youa, , Tao Wub, Liuchen Shenb, Nick Pepinc, Ling Zhangd, Zhihong Jiangd, Zhiwei Wua, Shichang Kange,f, Amir AghaKouchakg a Department of Atmospheric and Oceanic Sciences, Institute of Atmospheric Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai 200438, China b College of Geography and Environment Sciences, Zhejiang Normal University, Jinhua 321004, China c Department of Geography, University of Portsmouth, PO1 3HE, UK d Key Laboratory of Meteorological Disaster, Ministry of Education (KLME), Nanjing University of Information Science and Technology (NUIST), Nanjing 210044, China e State Key Laboratory of Cryospheric Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou 730000, China f CAS Center for Excellence in Tibetan Plateau Earth Sciences, Beijing 100101, China g Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of California, Irvine, CA 92697, United States of America ARTICLE INFO ABSTRACT Keywords: Variation in snow cover over the Tibetan Plateau (TP) is a key component of climate change and variability, and Tibetan Plateau critical for many hydrological and biological processes. This review first summarizes recent observed changes of Snow cover snow cover over the TP, including the relationship between the TP snow cover and that over Eurasia as a whole; Asian summer monsoon recent climatology and spatial patterns; inter-annual variability and trends; as well as projected changes in snow Climate change cover. Second, we discuss the physical causes and factors contributing to variations in snow cover over the TP, including precipitation, temperature, and synoptic forcing such as the Arctic Oscillation and the westerly jet, and large scale ocean-atmosphere oscillations such as the El Niño–Southern Oscillation (ESNO), the Indian Ocean dipole, and the southern annular mode. -
Crustal Seismic Imaging of Northeast Tibet Using First and Later Phases Of
Geophys. J. Int. (2019) 217, 405–421 doi: 10.1093/gji/ggz031 Advance Access publication 2019 January 16 GJI Seismology Crustal seismic imaging of Northeast Tibet using first and later phases of earthquakes and explosions Anhui Sun,1,2 Dapeng Zhao,3 Yuan Gao,1,2 Qinjian Tian1,2 and Ning Liu1,2 1Key Laboratory of Earthquake Prediction, China Earthquake Administration, Beijing 100036, China. E-mail: [email protected] 2Institute of Earthquake Forecasting, China Earthquake Administration, Beijing 100036, China 3Department of Geophysics, Graduate School of Science, Tohoku University, Sendai 980–8578, Japan. E-mail: [email protected] Downloaded from https://academic.oup.com/gji/article-abstract/217/1/405/5289872 by guest on 20 February 2019 Accepted 2019 January 15. Received 2019 January 12; in original form 2018 September 25 SUMMARY A new crustal 3-D P-wave velocity model beneath NE Tibet is determined by jointly in- verting 62 339 high-quality first P wave and later PmP-wave arrival-time data from local earthquakes and seismic explosions. Resolution tests show that the use of the PmP data can effectively improve the resolution of crustal tomography, especially that of the middle-lower crust. Widespread but intermittent low-velocity anomalies are revealed in the lower crust be- neath NE Tibet, and the Kunlun fault acts as a transfer structure. High-velocity zones are visible in most parts of the crust below the transition zones bordering the southwestern Ordos basin between 105◦ and 106◦ E longitude. We think that they form an important transpressive boundary to absorb sinistral strike-slip and thrust faulting deformation, like a western front- line of the Ordos basin, which is compatible with the latest GPS observations in the region. -
Spatial and Temporal Changes and Driving Factors of Desertification in the Source Region of the Yellow River, China
p-ISSN: 0972-6268 Nature Environment and Pollution Technology (Print copies up to 2016) Vol. 19 No. 4 pp. 1435-1442 2020 An International Quarterly Scientific Journal e-ISSN: 2395-3454 Original Research Paper Originalhttps://doi.org/10.46488/NEPT.2020.v19i04.009 Research Paper Open Access Journal Spatial and Temporal Changes and Driving Factors of Desertification in the Source Region of the Yellow River, China Q. G. Liu*† and Y. F. Huang** *Department of Tourism and Geography, Hefei University, Hefei 230601, China ** Department of Biology Food and Environment, Hefei University, Hefei 230601, China †Corresponding author: Q. G. Liu; [email protected] ABSTRACT Nat. Env. & Poll. Tech. Website: www.neptjournal.com The source region of the Yellow River, located in the north-eastern edge of the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau, is an important water conservation region and ecological barrier of the Yellow River. In this paper, based Received: 03-12-2019 Revised: 21-01-2020 on remote sensing technology, multi-period Landsat remote sensing images in the source region were Accepted: 01-03-2020 taken as the main information source. With the assistance of field investigation, we monitored the spatial and temporal changes of desertification in the source region from 2000 to 2019. The results Key Words: show that the area of desertification in the source region has accounted for 9.36% of the total area, of Yellow river which the light desertification land is the major portion. The desertification is mainly distributed between Desertification the southern margin of Madoi Valley basin and the northern margin of Heihe Valley basin, and is Spatial and temporal distributed on the river valleys, lakesides, ancient rivers and piedmont proluvial fan, showing the form changes of patches, sheets and belts. -
Snow Leopard Survey and Conservation Status in China 2018
1 / 100 Snow Leopard China is a network of research institutions, non-government organizations, and nature reserves dedicated to sharing and promoting snow leopard research and conservation in China through various means, such as reporting and website presentation, online and land-based communication, technical support, training, and forum-based exchange. This report is jointly prepared by the members of Snow Leopard China with respect to snow leopards in China. Contributors hereto are listed as follows (in no particular order): Guangzhou Yuanwang Wildlife Conservation Services; WWF; Wild Xinjiang; Chinese Felid Conservation Alliance (CFCA); Qinghai Yuan Shang Cao Conservation Center; Sichuan Green River Environmental Protection Initiative; Beijing Qiaonyu Foundation; Sanjiangyuan (Three-River-Source) National Park Administration; Wolong National Nature Reserve; Gongga Mountain National Nature Reserve; the government of Sojia Town, Zhidoi County (Tongtian Snow Leopard Group); Peking University Center for Nature and Society; Peking University Wildlife Ecology and Conservation Research Group; Chinese Academy of Sciences Northwest Institute of Plateau Biology; Chinese Academy of Forestry Institute of Forest Ecology and Conservation; Beijing Forestry University Wildlife Institute; Eco- Bridge Continental; Shanshui Conservation Center (SCC). Snow Leopard China. All rights reserved. Web: http://www.snowleopardchina.org/ This publication may be referenced and used for education, conservation, and other non-commercial purposes, without a copyright -
UNIVERSITY of CALIFORNIA, SAN DIEGO Qinghai Across Frontiers
UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA, SAN DIEGO Qinghai Across Frontiers: State- and Nation-Building under the Ma Family, 1911-1949 A dissertation submitted in partial satisfaction of the requirements of the degree Doctor of Philosophy in History by William Brent Haas Committee in Charge: Professor Joseph W. Esherick, Co-Chair Professor Paul G. Pickowicz, Co-Chair Professor Weijing Lu Professor Richard Madsen Professor David Ringrose 2013 Copyright William Brent Haas, 2013 All rights reserved The Dissertation of William Brent Haas is approved, and it is acceptable in quality and form for publication on microfilm and electronically: Co-Chair Co-Chair University of California, San Diego 2013 iii Table of Contents Signature Page………………………………………………………………………….. iii Table of Contents……………………………………………………………………….. iv List of Tables…….……………………………………………………………………… v List of Illustrations……………………………………………………………………… vi Acknowledgements……………………………………………………………………....vii Vita……………………………………………………………………………………...xiii Abstract of the Dissertation….……………………………………………………...……ix Introduction………………………………………………………………………………. 1 Chapter One Frontier Militarists in a Transfrontier Province …………………………..13 Chapter Two Fighting for the Frontier: The 1932-1933 Yushu Borderland War……......47 Chapter Three Repelling Reclamation in the “Wastelands” of Qinghai, 1933-1934……93 Chapter Four Schooling at the Frontier: Structuring Education and Practicing Citizenship in Qinghai, 1911-1949………………………………………………………….155 Chapter Five Schooling Mongols and Tibetans: Adaptation and Centralization in -
Review of Snow Cover Variation Over the Tibetan Plateau
1 Review of snow cover variation over the Tibetan Plateau 2 and its influence on the broad climate system 3 Qinglong You 1*, Tao Wu2, Liuchen Shen2, Nick Pepin3, Ling Zhang5, Zhihong 4 Jiang4, Zhiwei Wu1, Shichang Kang5,6, Amir AghaKouchak7 5 1. Department of Atmospheric and Oceanic Sciences & Institute of Atmospheric 6 Sciences, Fudan University, 200438, Shanghai, China; 7 2. College of Geography and Environment Sciences, Zhejiang Normal University, 8 Jinhua 321004, China; 9 3. Department of Geography, University of Portsmouth, PO1 3HE, U.K. ; 10 4. Key Laboratory of Meteorological Disaster, Ministry of Education (KLME), 11 Nanjing University of Information Science and Technology (NUIST), Nanjing, 12 210044, China; 13 5. State Key Laboratory of Cryospheric Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 14 Lanzhou 730000, China; 15 6. CAS Center for Excellence in Tibetan Plateau Earth Sciences, Beijing 100101, 16 China; 17 7. Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of California, 18 Irvine, CA 92697, U.S; 19 20 21 22 * Corresponding author E-mail address: [email protected] 23 Abstract: 24 Variation in snow cover over the Tibetan Plateau (TP) is a key component of climate 25 change and variability, and critical for many hydrological and biological processes. This 26 review first summarizes recent observed changes of snow cover over the TP, including 27 the relationship between the TP snow cover and that over Eurasia as a whole; recent 28 climatology and spatial patterns; inter-annual variability and trends; as well as projected 29 changes in snow cover. Second, we discuss the physical causes and factors contributing 30 to variations in snow cover over the TP, including precipitation, temperature, and 31 synoptic forcing such as the Arctic Oscillation and the westerly jet, and large scale 32 ocean-atmosphere oscillations such as the El Niño–Southern Oscillation (ESNO), the 33 Indian Ocean dipole, and the southern annular mode. -
Rasbdb Subject Keywords
Leigh Marymor, Compiler KEYWORD GUIDE A joint project of the Museum of Northern Arizona and the Bay Area Rock Art Research Association KEYWORD GUIDE Compiled by Leigh Marymor, Research Associate, Museum of Northern Arizona. 1 September 15, 2020 KEYWORD GUIDE Mortars, cupules, and pecked curvilinear nucleated forms. Canyon Trail Park, San Francisco Bay Area, California, USA. Compiled by Leigh Marymor, Research Associate, Museum of Northern Arizona. 2 September 15, 2020 KEYWORD GUIDE Aerial Photography .......................................... 9 Archival storage ............................................... 9 Table of Contents Augmented Reality .......................................... 9 Bias ................................................................... 9 INTRODUCTION: .................................................. 7 Casts ................................................................. 9 Classification .................................................... 9 SUBJECT KEYWORDS: ........................................... 8 Digital Sound Recording................................... 9 CULTURAL CONTEXT ..............................................8 Digital Storage ................................................. 9 CULTURAL RESOURCE MANAGEMENT ..................8 Drawing.......................................................... 10 Cultural Tourism ...............................................8 Historic Documentation ................................. 10 Community Involvement ...................................8 Laser Scanning -
Impact of Climate Change on Tourism on the Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau: Research Based on a Literature Review
sustainability Article Impact of Climate Change on Tourism on the Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau: Research Based on a Literature Review Ling-en Wang 1,2, Yuxi Zeng 1,2,* and Linsheng Zhong 1,2 1 Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China; [email protected] (L.-e.W.); [email protected] (L.Z.) 2 University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China * Correspondence: [email protected] Received: 14 June 2017; Accepted: 27 August 2017; Published: 30 August 2017 Abstract: Irrespective of insights gained from previous studies on the impacts and adaptions associated with climate change; little consideration has been given to the effect of climate change on tourism on the Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau (QTP). Based on a conceptual framework of the impact of climate change on tourism in high-altitude regions; this paper reviews the literature pertaining to the effects of climate change on the natural characteristics of the QTP and it discusses the corresponding implications for tourism within the region. The findings show that the features of the QTP affected most by climate change comprise wetlands, glaciers, and the vegetation, wildlife, and climate resources. Accordingly, such effects could have considerable implications for related tourism activities. Climate change poses both challenges and opportunities for tourism development on the QTP. The information presented in this paper offers insight for tourism management on the QTP. Comprehensive measures involving all stakeholders should be taken to promote the sustainable development of tourism on the QTP, and to both mitigate the threats and exploit the opportunities related to climate change. -
Tibetan Precis by Richardson
SECRET. For Official Use only. TIBETAN PRECIS BY H.E. RICHARDSON. Indian Political Service. Note The following pages have been set in such a way as to retain the original pagination. The page references contained in the table of contents and the index refer to those found in square brackets at the top of each page. For the maps accompanying the Tibetan Precis, see the Introduction, p. xii above. The following abbreviations are used in references to authorities cited in the Appendices: A.P.O. Assistant Political Officer B.T.A. British Trade Agent D.O. Demi-Official E.A.D. External Affairs Department, Government of India F. and P. Foreign and Political Service, Government of India F.D. Foreign Department, Government of India F.O. Foreign Office, London G. of I. Government of India H.M.A. His Majesty's Ambassador H.M.M. His Majesty's Minister P.O.S. Political Officer, Sikkim S. of S. Secretary of State [1] TIBETAN PRECIS Chapter I -History Down to the Close of the XIXth Century 1. Early History The history of relations between Tibet and India before the arrival of the East India Company is sketchy and obscure. Up to the Seventh and Eighth Centuries A.D. Tibet was a great military power, waging with varying success a constant warfare against the neighbouring Chinese, suffering at least once Chinese penetration as far as Lhasa, but able for long periods to maintain some degree of control over Gilgit, Baltistan, Kashgar, Nepal and Bhutan, and to carry terror and conquest even into the capital of China.