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Winter 1961 The Rockefeller Institute Quarterly 1961, vol. 4, no. 4 The Rockefeller University

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WINTER 1961

THE ROCKEFELLER INSTITUTE. A GRADUATE UNIVERSITY AND RESEARCH CENTEB ' The park-like character of the institute's campus is shown on the cover of this issue. The view is toward the south from Caspary Auditorium across the 66th street driveway lined with sycamores nearly half a century old. In the distance is the facade of the South Laboratory, two blocks away, past the lawn and the gardens facing the Graduate Students Residence Hall. The photo- graph is by Vandivert,photomechanically processed to simulate a pen drawing.

.- editors,ChristianA.HerterandJohnJ. . . THE RISE OF BIOLOGICALCHEMISTRY: . . Abel, were Levene and Jacques Loeb. Abel and Herter considered it important for the THE INSTITUTE AND THE SOCIETY long-range stability of the Journal that it should be incorporated. Accordingly this PROFESSORFRITZ LIPMANN'Sterm staff in 1908, and Christian A. Herter, was arranged under the law? of the State as President of the American Society of first Treasurer of the Institute, was also a of New York, the original incorporators Biological Chemists during 1960-1961 is charter member. Other charter members being Abel, E. K. Dunham, soon to come a reminder of the parallel and often inter- of the Society in 1906 were to come to the to the Institute, Christian Herter, Reid dependent histories of the Society and The Institute: Jacques Loeb, then at the Uni- Hunt, and A. N. Richards, who, in igoi Rockefeller Institute during the past half- versity of California, and Francis H. Mc- had been one of the first Rockefeller Insti- century. The year of the founding of the Crudden, then at Harvard, both of whom tute scholars. Society, 1906, was also the year of the came in 1910. Two junior members of Dr. Richards, who last Spring received opening of the Institute's laboratories; the Institute staff appointed in 1907 and the Institute's degree of Doctor of Science, many distinguished scientists have been today Members Emeriti, D. D. Van Slyke honoris causa, had done research on prob- associated with both; and for a critical and Walter A. Jacobs, were elected to the lems of interest to Herter, and because of decade the Institute published what be- Society at its third annual meeting. their association Dr. Herter turned to came the Society's journal, the Journal of Dr. P. A. Levene, the Institute's first him for assistance with the new journal. Biological Chemistry. biological chemist, regarded the poten- Richards served as assistant editor from Soon after the founding of the Institute tialities of the Society as important to the the beginning, much involved in dealings in 1901, biological chemistry began to development of biological chemistry, as with the printer. play an important part in its program. In can be seen from an address he gave at the igo 5, Simon Flexner, recognizing the annual meeting of the Society in 1919. THE JBC COMES TO THE INSTITUTE growing importance of biochemistry, ap- He drew attention to the very great debt In igio Christian Herter's untimely .. pointed P.A. Levene, who at thirty-five modern science owes to the efforts of the death raised severe problems for the had become a pioneer in biochemical re- ancient societies and academies of science. Journal. A. N. Richards has written: "It search in its fundamental aspects in this By contrast, he said, most modern societies is safe to assert that during the years of - country. did far less to advance the cause of science. Dr. Herter's editorship, 1905-lo, the Referring to the aim of the Society of Bio- Journal was conducted at very consider- FOUNDING THE SOCIETY logical Chemists as being "to enhance the able loss. How great it was, I have no When the Society of Biological Chem- social usefulness of the biological chemist, means of knowing. I believe it to have --J ists was officially organized in the winter on the one hand and, on the other, to im- been borne exclusively by Dr. Herter." To . r"-q of 1906 in New York City, John J. Abel of prove his facilities for work, whether his enable the Journal to continue, friends of * -.; s The Johns Hopkins University stated at work be teaching or investigating," he Dr. Herter and relatives of Mrs. Herter as- -1 Tc the organizational meeting that there were asked : "Will this. ..society live to record sembled the Christian A. Herter Memorial -* ' I then "about loo active workers in this important service, or will it vegetate a pale, Fund to the amount of $4o,ooo. Contrib- . rT field, using the term in its widest sense." colourless existence? This will depend on utors included Dr. and Mrs. Edward K. - $ Though the entire scientific staff of The the spirit in which you join it." Dunham and Dr. and Mrs. L. Emmett -04 Rockefeller Institute at that time num- The Journal of Biological Chemistry Holt. Dr. Holt, a physician actively in- -- - bered less than a score, two were among was established shortly before the Society terested in biological chemistry, was a the charter members of the Society: P. A. itself was organized. Indeed, it was the member of the original board of the Insti- Levene and W. A. Beatty. Two other JournaPs editorial committee that formed tute as well as its first Secretary. charter members, Edward K. Dunham the nucleus of the Society. Among the Simon Flexner, Director of the Insti- and G. M. Meyer, joined the Institute twenty-four listed as "collaborators" of the (continued on page two) -

. %--:. BIOLOGICAL CHEMISTRY philosophy from Princeton in 1938. He (continued from page one) joined the research staff at Bell Telephone Laboratories in 1939, becoming Vice Pres- tute, replaced Dr. Herter as President of ident in 1955. the Journal of Biological Chemistry, Inc., Dr. Baker is a member of the President's and H. D. Dakin of Herter's laboratory Board of Consultants on Foreign Intelli- took charge of the editorial office. Dr. gence Activities and a member of the Na- Richards became managing editor in 1910 tional Science Board, as well as advisory and carried the responsibilities of this groups of the National Academy of Sci- position until 1914, when he concluded ences-National Research Council, the that it interfered too much with his duties National Security Agency, and the Depart- as Professor of Pharmacology in the Uni- ment of Defense. He is also a past member versity of Pennsylvania. The editorial and of the President's Science Advisory Com- publication work was then taken over by mittee and the National Science Informa- The Rockefeller Institute. Dr. Van Slyke tion Council. became managing editor and the publica- Among his numerous professional activ- tion office of the Institute handled the ities, Dr. Baker is a member and past preparation of manuscripts for the printers. councilor of the American Chemical So- For eleven years, until 1925, the Institute ciety, member of the American Physical acted as publisher of the Journal with WILLIAM 0. BAKER, newly-elected Society, the Editorial Board of the Journal editorial responsibility under the Directors Trustee, is Vice President-Research at the of Polymer Science, the Advisory Board of of the Journal. The Journal was virtually Bell Telephone Laboratories. Dr. Baker is the Chemical and Engineering News and self-supporting during the time that it was a physical chemist whose research on the Advisory Editorial Board of Research published by the Institute due to efforts macromolecules has contributed to funda- Management. made by Richards and Dakin to increase mental science as well as to important He is a Trustee of the Mellon Institute the circulation. practical applications. and serves on Visiting Committees for Editorial and management activity in- After receiving a bachelor of science Chemistry of Harvard, Princeton and Rut- evitably involves peripheral overhead costs degree from Washington College in 193 5, gers Universities and the School of Engi- that may not be reflected in the formal Dr. Baker obtained the degree of doctor of neering of New York University. financial statements. As the volume of the Journal increased, the Institute found that more than a third of all of its publication effort was being devoted to the Journal of editor until he, Dakin, and Dr. H. T. Hastings (1945-46), who had been at the Biographical Chemistry. When Dr. Flex- Clarke were able to persuade the late Dr. Institute from 192i to 1926; and Vincent ner indicated to Dakin in 1924 that the R. J. Anderson to accept the position in du Vigneaud (195 I), Trustee of the In- Institute would welcome relief from this 1937. Anderson continued as managing stitute since 1949. In addition to these, burden, Dakin replied: "I am not going editor of the Journal for twenty-one years who held various other offices as well, to waste much time telling you: (a) that I until his retirement in 1958. Stanford Moore, Professor at the Institute, would rather have the J.B.C. continue at An even longer record of devotion was served as Treasurer of the Society from the R.I., (b) that we are mighty grateful that of Miss Mary Smalley who had been 1957 to 1959. Dr. Moore also served for for having received more than we de- trained to handle details of publication ten years (1950-1960) as a member of mand and (c) that the R.I. has made the under Miss Editha Campbell at The Rocke- the Editorial Board of the Journal of Bio- J.B.C. as good as the best in the world." feller Institute. She first began to work on logical Chemistry, and he represents the In spite of Dakin's remonstrance the man- the Journal in 1915, and except for a brief Society (1959-1962) on the U.S. Na- agement was transferred in 1925 to the interval continued until 195 8. tional Committee for the International American Society of Biological Chemists, Union of Biochemistry. which had designated the Journal as its LEADERSHIP FROM THE INSTITUTE Among officers of the Society today who official organ some years before. Dr. Van As the field of biological chemistry has are at the Institute, in addition to Pro- Slyke asked to be relieved of the burden of grown, the Institute's membership in the fessor Lipmann, President, William H. managing editor as soon as possible. He Society and its contributions to the Journal Stein is a member of the Council as well as was succeeded by Stanley Benedict at have become a smaller proportion of the Chairman of the Editorial Committee and Cornell University Medical College, but whole. But those at the Institute have con- member of the Finance Committee. Pro- Van Slyke continued his membership on tinued to play prominent roles in the fessor Rollin Hotchkiss is a member of the the editorial board until 1950, when he leadership of the Society. Four past Presi- Nominating Committee. Many have served retired. dents of the Society were associated with on the Journal's Editorial Board including, Dr. Benedict served as managing editor the Institute: D.D. Van Slyke (1921-22); in addition to Professors Moore and Stein, of the Journal until his death in 1936. Van Glen E. Cullen (1937-3 8), who had been Professor Edward Tatum and Trustee Slyke then resumed the task of managing at the Institute from 1914 to 1921; A. B. Vincent du Vigneaud.

[ 2 I L E C T UR E S vidual expression so that, for example, 1N ST1 T UT E C H R 1ST M A S though all humans are similar, no two are identical. He also pointed out how individ- GIVEN BY PROFESSOR WEISS ual autonomy must necessarily become restrained if the individual members of a THE ROCKEFELLERINSTITUTE'S took to show the nature of living form group are to gain the advantages of inte- Christmas Lectures, inspired by those from the level of atomic and molecular grated existence within the higher collect- given at the Royal Institution of London order to the structure and growth processes ive order of the group. almost without interruption for 13 5 years, evident in higher organisms and even Man, said Professor Weiss, by the use have in turn led to plans for a national cities and societies. With many striking of his intellect, must discover for himself program of holiday lectures for secondary motion pictures and slides from his own his uniqueness, his individuality, preserv- school students to be sponsored by the laboratory and elsewhere, Professor Weiss ing freedom for individuality of expres- National Science Foundation. showed that organized form is the result- sion within an over-all frame of collective This Christmas nearly five hundred ant of the orderly interaction of elements order. At the same time he must learn to young scientists from the high schools of of structure and function among each adopt his most effective role in the group the New York Metropolitan area attended the second series of the Institute's Christ- mas Lectures, given by Professor Paul Weiss, who lectured on "Living Form." "You are the future of science," Professor Weiss told his young audience, observing that nearly a half-century separated him from them and that one of the obligations as well as satisfactions of scientists is to encourage their successors. Lectures such as these may inspire young people to undertake the study of sci- ence. The scientific career of the illus- trious Michael Faraday began when as a London bookseller's apprentice of fourteen or fifteen he had attended a course of evening lectures on Natural Philosophy. A few years later when he attended Sir Humphrey Davy's lectures at the Royal Institution, he resolved to become Davy's assistant. A series of Friday Evening Discourses for the public was one of Faraday's first innovations after he became Director of the Laboratory of the Royal Institution in ARPAD NAGY 1825. Next, he founded the "Christmas One of the lively question periods that followed each of Professor Weiss's lectures Course of Lectures Adapted to a Juvenile Auditory," and his own lecture on "The other and with the environment. This he by an active choice based on understand- Chemical History of a Candle" was the illustrated with such varied examples as ing rather than by being passively forced second in the series. He repeated it many the regularity with which starlings place by society unwillingly into his station. times, and today it remains a classic of themselves on telephone wires, the self- The success of Professor Dubos' and scientific exposition. ordering of a handful of matches floating Professor Weiss's lectures have led the Na- Inspired by the Royal Institution's ex- at random on a vibrating surface of water, tional Science Foundation to consider perience and the opportunity offered by the adaptation of internal bone structure establishing a national program to make Caspary Auditorium, Professor Alfred to imposed stress patterns, and the orienta- similar lectures available in various large Mirsky and President Bronk undertook in tion and shape of cells growing in tissue cities throughout the country during 1958 to organize The Rockefeller Insti- culture. school holidays. tute Christmas Lectures for high school From his discussion of growth and de- Meantime, work is in progress on The students. With the support of the National velopment Professor Weiss derived im- Rockefeller Institute's third series of Science Foundation, the first series was portant social, aesthetic and moral con- Christmas Lectures. They will be given given last year by Professor RenC Dubos, clusions. The lesson of nature is, he said, next year by Professors Lyman Craig, whose topic was "The Microbial World." that order exists throughout the universe, Stanford Moore, and William Stein, whose This Christmas, Professor Weiss under- but it exists within wide latitude of indi- topic will be "On Separating Things." ice at Presbyterian Hospital and Bard Pro-. When the National Science Foundation fessor of Medicine at Columbia University. was established Dr. Loeb was a charter The Tmstees During the intervening years, Dr. member of its National Science Board, a Loeb's achievements won for him out- position he holds today. He was appointed ROBERT F. LOEB standing recognition in American medi- to the National Academy of Sciences Com- cine. The professional societies in this mittee on Loyalty appointed in 1955 at country and abroad that have honored him the request of President Eisenhower to ROBERTFREDERICK LOEB, newly- by election to membership are too numer- consider the government's policy regard- elected Vice President of the Board of ous to list here. Noteworthy among them, ing security provisions for unclassified Trustees and Bard Professor of Medicine however, are the National Academy of grants and contracts for basic research. Emeritus at Columbia University, has Sciences, the American Philosophical So- He was an original member of the Presi- been a Trustee since 1954. His association ciety, the American Academy of Arts and dent's Science Advisory Committee, created with the Institute, however, began long Sciences, and the Association of American in 195 1, and he is currently a member of before, for his illustrious father, Jacques Physicians in this country as well as the this group. Many private organizations Loeb, was called to the Institute by Simon Royal College of Physicians (London), have sought Dr. Loeb's wisdom. He was Flexner to become a Member in 1910, the Association of Physicians of Great Trustee of The Rockefeller Foundation when Robert was a boy of fifteen. from 1947 until his retirement, and he is Robert Loeb went to the Harvard Medi- currently a Consultant. He is Trustee of cal School in 1916 after only two years at the Atoms for Peace Awards. He also has the University of Chicago. His father been a member of the Visiting Committee urged him to forego the two additional of Massachusetts Institute of Technology years at Chicago that were devoted to the and is a member of the Overseers Visiting cultural broadening of students, for it was Committee of the Harvard Medical School. his father's conviction that the acquisition In 1935 he married Emily Guild Nich- of culture found its root in the home en- ols, a graduate of Wellesley College and vironment and was a continuing pursuit of The Johns Hopkins Medical School. throughout life. His father's own breadth After her medical internship at the Pres- of interest in science and philosophy, he byterian Hospital in New York, she served communicated to his family. Anne Leon- as a full-time member of the Department ard, Robert Loeb's mother, attended of Medicine, where she was primarily con- Wellesley and Smith colleges and later cerned with research on experimental hy- had the distinction of being one of the first pertension and experimental nephritis. women to obtain the degree of Doctor of Her perceptive participation in Dr. Loeb's Philosophy at Ziirich, receiving it summa research also has been of inestimable value cum laude in comparative philology. She to him. The Loebs have two children, richly supplemented the broad apprecia- John Nichols and Elizabeth Guild. tions her husband gave to their family. Britain and Ireland, the British Medical No better appreciation of Dr. Robert Harvard proved difficult for Loeb at Association, and the Royal Academy of Loeb could be written than that with first, but in spite of uncertainties which Medicine of Belgium. He has served as which his devoted friend and colleague once even led him to consider leaving president of the Harvey Society, the Asso- Dr. Dana W. Atchley closed his presenta- medicine for geology, he graduated first in ciation of American Physicians, and the tion of the Kober Medal of the Association his class, magna cum Zaude. He then spent American Society for Clinical Investiga- of American Physicians for 1959: "The a year at the Massachusetts General Hos- tion. golden thread that runs through all of Bob pital as an interne in igig and subse- His wise judgment and deep sense of Loeb's life and his many faceted activities quently went to Baltimore as Assistant responsibility as well as his achievements is his wisdom. He has an original mind Resident Physician and Assistant in Medi- in science and administration have led Dr. and extraordinary erudition, but those cine at the Hopkins. There he enjoyed a Loeb to take a part in national affairs in qualities alone could not account for his year with Drs. Dana W. Atchley and science equalled by few. During World effective role in elevating the standards of Walter W. Palmer exploring the influence War I1 he served as Chairman of the Na- research and education in the wide fields of pH on the conductivity of proteins. tional Academy of Science-National Re- that have come under his influence. It is Dr. Loeb left the Hopkins to become search Council Subcommittee on Blood his wisdom that has made his choice of Assistant Resident Physician at Presby- and Blood Substitutes and as Chairman men so sound, his advice to other institu- terian Hospital in New York and In- of the Board for Coordination of Malarial tions so far seeing and his critique of re- structor in Medicine at Columbia Uni- Study. Immediately after the war he was search problems so keen. This wisdom versity. With these associations he found asked to serve as chairman of a Medical combined with unself-seeking generosity satisfaction in teaching, research, and the Board of Review to outline the future role has made him the inspiring and beloved care of patients that held him until he re- of biology and medicine in the newly- leader, not only of his own staff, but of all tired in 1959 as Director of Medical Serv- created U. S. Atomic Energy Commission. who share his high ideals." [ 4 1 I N STITUTE MATH EMATI C IAN D EVI SE S . nals of the cubic field in which space chess is played. With the new set of chessmen, the complete determination of which in- THREE-DIMENSIONAL CHESS GAME volved the solution of a Diophantine equa- tion, space chess became completely anal- DR. ERVANDG. KOGBETLIANTZ,ditional pawns, provide sixty-four pieces ogous to ordinary two-dimensional chess. Affiliate of the Institute, is a superb teacher to a side, achieving what Kogbetliantz Dr. Kogbetliantz says that space chess gen- of mathematics as is well-known to most of describes as "the same saturation of space eralizes ordinary chess as solid geometry the Institute's students and many others as with force as in ordinary chess." As a re- generalizes plane geometry. well, but few know him as the inventor sult the average game is decided after Man's thinking is more two-dimensional of the first practical game of three-dimen- about seventy moves by each side as com- than he realizes, says Dr. Kogbetliantz. He sional chess. The idea of ~cha chess pared with perhaps forty in conventional considers it likely that the space age will game was first proposed, as far as Dr. chess. The new pieces make not only two- increase interest in three-dimensional Kogbetliantz knows, in 1770, and in dimensional moves, but they are permitted ,chess, for it is a pleasant and effective 1851 a game was played at the Chess essentially three dimensional moves as means for developing an intuitive percep- Tournament of London. A well-known well, in directions parallel to four diago- tion of three-dimensional relationships. German obstetrician, Dr. Ferdinand Maack, conceived a three-dimensional chess game and played it in igio at the International Chess Congress in Hamburg. All these versions had one serious draw- back: it was impossible to complete a game. Maack, for example, organized a club to study his game, but after four years the club disbanded without ever checkmating the king, which could move in 26 directions in space. Maack's game was played with the standard 3 2 pieces in a cube of 8 places in each dimension. Using the tools of mathematical analysis at his disposal, Dr. Kogbetliantz saw that additional pieces were necessary, and he added some powerful new ones: a super- queen, two "favorites", two archbishops, four fools, and four hippogriffs (half horse and half griffin). These, together with ad-

Dr. Kogbetliantz and his daughter playing a game of three-dimensional chess

YALE JOEL, COURTESY LIFE MAGAZINE

FUND ESTABLISHED FOR OSWALD T. AVERY MEMORIAL GATEWAY

Many of Dr. Avery's friends and admirers him. It is appropriate that this memorial the pen drawing at the left was rendered. have expressed their desire to participate be located at The Rockefeller Institute A Committee on the Avery Memorial in the creation of a lasting memorial to where he spent over thirty happy years, Gateway Fund has been established to and where he made his outstanding con- inform Dr. Avery's many friends of the tributions to science. opportunity that now exists to honor his Accordingly, it is planned to erect the memory in this manner. Oswald Theodore Avery Memorial Gate- Members of the Committee are: Alan way at the northwest and principal en- M. Chesney, Rufus Cole, A. Raymond trance to the campus of the Institute. Mr. Dochez, Thomas Francis, Jr., A. Baird Wallace K. Harrison, the architect of the Hastings, Michael Heidelberger, Colin M. new Institute buildings, has been asked MacLeod, C. Phillip Miller, Hugh J. to prepare preliminary plans from which Morgan and William S. Tillett. FACULTY APPOINTMENTS IN . 11, while a graduate student, Dr. Berlin was engaged in work on the proximity fuse under Professor David Dennison. In 1946 MATHEMATICS AND PHYSICS Dr. Berlin joined the faculty of The Johns Hopkins University, becoming Assistant THREEDISTINGUISHED scientists have University of Michigan, first as instruc- Professor in 1947. In 1948 he became As- been appointed Professors in The Rocke- tors, later becoming full professors. Now sociate Professor of Physics at Northwest- feller Institute: George E. Uhlenbeck, both are members of the faculty of The ern University, returning in 1949 to the formerly Henry Smith Carhart Univer- Rockefeller Institute. Hopkins to become full professor there in sity Professor of Physics in the Univer- Dr. Uhlenbeck returned to the Nether- 1955. During the year 1952-1953 Dr. sity of Michigan, Theodore H. Berlin, lands in 1935 to serve as Professor of Berlin was a member of the Institute for formerly Professor of Physics in The Theoretical Physics at the University of Advanced Study in Princeton as a Gug- Johns Hopkins University, and Mark Kac, Utrecht until 1939. He was Visiting Pro- genheim Fellow. He is a Fellow of the formerly Professor of Mathematics in fessor of Theoretical Physics at Columbia American Physical Society and a member Cornell University. Dr. Berlin was a stu- University in 1939, returning to Michigan of Sigma Xi and Phi Beta Kappa, and he dent of Dr. Uhlenbeck at the University in the same year as Professor of Theoreti- has served as associate editor of the of Michigan where he obtained his Ph.D. cal Physics. In 1947 he was appointed Journal of Chemical Physics and the in 1944; Drs. Kac and Berlin have col- Henry Carhart University Professor of Physical Review. laborated in theoretical studies on fer- Physics there. He was natdralized in 1954. romagnetism; and Drs. Uhlenbeck and Dr. Uhlenbeck is a fellow of the Dutch Berlin have for several years been en- Physical Society and in 1959 was Presi- gaged in preliminary work on a treatise dent of the American Physical Society. He on statistical physics that they hope now shared the Research Corporation Award may be brought to completion. with Dr. Goudsmit in 1953, and in 1955 he received the Oersted Medal of the American Association of Physics Teachers. Dr. Uhlenbeck is a member of the National Academy of Sciences and the American Philosophical Society as well as Corre- sponding Member of the Royal Nether- lands Academy of Science.

PROFESSORMARK KAC was born in Poland in 1914. He received the Ph.D. degree from the John Casimir University in Lwow in 1937, after which he worked as an actuary at the Phoenix Company, a Polish insurance firm. Professor Kac came GEORGEUHLENBECK was born in to the United States in 1938, and after a Batavia in the Netherlands East Indies in year at The Johns Hopkins University he 1900, but his university studies were car- joined the faculty of mathematics at ried out in Leiden. In 1925, as graduate Cornell University. He became a natural- students at the University of Leiden, he ized citizen in 1943, and from 1943 to and Dr. S. A. Goudsmit (Institute Visit- 1945 served as a member of the Office of ing Professor) first put forward the con- Scientific Research and Development. Dr. cept of electron spin in explanation of THEODOREBERLIN, a native New Kac was a member of the Institute for certain aspects of the behavior of emis- Yorker, went to the University of Michigan Advanced Study at Princeton in 1951- sion spectra in magnetic fields. Their for graduate study in 1939 after obtaining 1952. He received the Parnas Foundation names have been linked in the annals of a bachelor's degree in chemical engineer- Fellowship in Poland in 1938-1939 and physics ever since,. and their careers re- ing from Cooper Union Institute of Tech- held a Guggenheim Fellowship in 1946- markably parallel. In 1927 both married, nology. Berlin's Ph.D. thesis was on the 1947. He was awarded the Chauvenet they received the Ph.D. degree from the quantization and electric interaction in Prize of the Mathematical Association of University of Leiden and came to the diatomic molecules. During World War America in 1949 and was elected to the American Academy of Arts and Sciences cently include the Health Research Coun- . President Bronk Guest of, J in 1959. Professor Kac has been a mem- cil of New York City, the National Com- Brazilian Academy of Science ber of the Council of the American Mathe- mittee on Maternal Health, The New matical Society, and from 1955 to 1958 York Regional Group of the Medical Li- President Bronk was elected an honor- he was Editor of the Transactions of the brary Association, and committees of the ary member of the Brazilian Academy of American Mathematical Society. American Society of Biological Chemists, Science and was made an Honorary Doctor the American Chemical Society, and the of the University of Brazil during the Institute Center for Scientific National Institutes of Health. course of a ten day visit in November. and Cultural Activities The excellent projection facilities of In an address at the dedication of the Caspary Auditorium have been used to new building of the Brazilian Academy of The Institute's facilities for meetings show several outstanding scientific motion Science, Dr. Bronk said that though the and conferences are in constant use by pictures. Professor Paul Weiss presented status of science there is now similar to groups of national and international im- motion pictures on protoplasmic motion that in the United States forty years ago, portance in the furtherance of science. In and cell movement, and "The Hunters," "he rapidity with which science develops October, November, and December, for an anthropological film of rare beauty pro- today will carry Brazil forward at an un- example, guest seminars and lectures were duced in the Kalahari desert by the Pea- precedented rate. Few countries are more given by more than a dozen visitors, and body Museum of Archaeology and Ethnol- natural friends than we because of our meetings were held at the Institute by the ogy at Harvard University, yas shown by widespread respect for science and its ap- President's Science Advisory Committee, Visiting Professor Birdsell. plications, our great natural resources the National Science Board, the National waiting to be developed by science and Academy of Science's Space Science Board, Arts and Crafts Exhibit because our countries are being built by and the Academy's Committee on the Held in Welch Hall freedom-seeking immigrants from many Pathologic Effects of Atomic Radiation. countries." Dr. Bronk envisioned "a great The Trustees of the Atoms for Peace Nearly 150 pieces of art and craft work era of warm friendship in the fostering of Awards, Inc., held a meeting in the Abby; by faculty, students, and employees of the which science will play a major role." the Society for Promoting International Institute were exhibited in the Library Scientific Relations met in Caspary Audi- of Welch Hall in October. Outstanding Robert I? Loeb Elected torium to hear an evening lecture by Pro- among the exhibits were an iron gothic Vice President of the Board fessor Ernst B. Chain, F.R.s., of Rome; grille designed by Professor Weiss and deli- the Architectural League of New York cate and life-like blown glass animals by Dr. Robert F. Loeb was elected Vice held a forum on the critical appraisal of Associate professor A. Cecil Taylor. Tech- President of the Board of Trustees at the today's architecture; and the Contem- niques exhibited included painting, draw- Annual Meeting of the Board. He succeeds porary Music Society presented a concert ing, sculpture and photography, as well Dr. George Whipple, aTrustee since 1936 of instrumentalists and a ballet. Other as weaving, furniture construction, stained and Vice President since 1947. Dr. Whip- groups that have met at the Institute re- glass, and even a paper chromatogram. ple has been elected Trustee Emeritus.

Lectures, Conferences and Symposia

FACULTY ACTIVITIES ALEXANDER G. BEARN Participant, Symposium on the Genetic Control of Biochemical Processes, St: Louis. Participant, Symposium on Frontiers in Medicine and Surgery, Academic Honors New York Academy of Medicine. Participant, Macy Foundation Conference on Genetics, Prince- DETLEV W. BRONK ton.

Sc.D., University of Toledb. CARL BERKLEY DR. hon. causa, University of Brazil. Lecture, Esso Clinical Guild, New York City.

DETLEV W. BRONK Academic A$$ointments Dedication Address, Clirnatron of the Missouri Botanical Garden. GEORGE E. PALADE Dedication Address, Engineering-Science Building, University Visiting Professor in Basic Medical Sciences, Stanford Univer- of Toledo. sity. Dedication Address, Brazilian Academy of Sciences. PAUL A. WEISS Opening Address, Annual Meeting of Association of Militar; Distinguished Visiting Professor, New York University. Surgeons. FACULTY AC TIVITIE s continued from page seven HOWARD RASMUSSEN Lecture, University of Colorado Medical School, Denver. Lecture, Veterans Administration Hospital, ~ehver. DETLEV W. BRONK continued Lecture, New York Academy of Medicine. Gideon Seymour Memorial Lecture, University of Minnesota. Address, American Rocket Society Honors Night Dinner. HOWARD A. SCHNEIDER John F. Anderson Memorial Lecture, University of Virginia. Session Chairman, Conference on Genetic Perspectives in Chairman, National Academy of Sciences-National Research Disease Resistance and Susceptibility, New York Academy Council Symposium, Science and Food: Today and To- of Sciences. morrow. Visiting Lecturer, Bryn Mawr College. Robert Kennedy Duncan Memorial Lecture, Mellon Institute. Lecture, Animal Care Panel, New York City.

VERNON B. BROOKS PHILIP SIEKEVITZ Lecture, Maryland State Psychiatric Institute, Baltimore. Participant, Symposium on Unsolved Problems of Biology, Lecture, National Science Foundation Course for High School AAAS Meeting, New York City. Biology Teachers, Sarah Lawrence College. LOUIS E. SILTZBACH ARPAD I. CSAPO Panelist and Participant, Symposium on Steroid Therapy in Lecture, Seton Hall College of Medicine, Department of Post- Lung Diseases, American College of Chest Physicians, graduate Medical Education, Newark. Washington, D.C. Lecture, Department of Obstetrics, Mount Sinai Hospital, New York. NORMAN R. STOLL 25th Annual Charles Franklin Craig Lecture, American Society RENE J. DUBOS of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene, Los Angeles. Pegram Lecturer, Brookhaven National Laboratory. Participant, Wainwright House Symposium, Rye, New York. NORMAN SUTIN George Sarton Memorial Lecture, AAAS Meeting, New York Participant, Symposium on Chemical Effects of Nuclear Trans- City. formations, Prague.

DOMINIC D. DZIEWIATKOWSKI IGOR TAMM Participant, Conference on Matrix Formation and Calcification Participant, Symposium on Immunochemical Approaches to in the Skeletal System, National Academy of Sciences- Problems in Microbiology, the Institute of Microbiology of National Research Council, Washington, D.C. Rutgers, The State University, New Brunswick. Lecture, 1960-1961 Medical Sciences Lecture Series on The GABRIEL C. GODMAN Nature of Viruses, School of'Medicine, University of North Participant, Conference on Matrix Formation and Calcification Carolina, Chapel Hill. in the Skeletal System, National Academy of Sciences- National Research Council, Washington, D.C. EDWARD L. TATUM Lecture, American Academy of Pediatrics, Chicago. ERVAND G. KOGBETLIANTZ Participant and Rapporteur, Conference on Program of Sys- A. CECIL TAYLOR tematic Gravitation Research, Army Research Office, Chairman, Session on Life Under Extreme Conditions - The Washington, D.C. Cell, AAAS Meeting, New York City.

FRITZ A. LIPMANN Participant, WPIX Television program on Tissue Culture at Speaker, Japanese Biochemical Society Meeting, Tokyo. request of the Regents Educational Television Project of Speaker, Japanese Biochemical Society Section, Kyoto. the New York State Department of Education. DuPont Lecturer, Department of Biochemistry, University of WILLIAM TRAGER Pennsylvania. Lecture, 50th Anniversary Celebration, Helminthological So- KARL MARAMOROSCH ciety of Washington.

Chairman, Symposium on Biological Transmission of Disease PAUL A. WEISS Agents, Annual Meeting of Entomological Society of Amer- Session Chairman, Conference on Matrix Formation and Cal- ica, Atlantic City. cification in the Skeletal System, National Academy of Lecture, Scarsdale Chapter, Society of the Sigma Xi. Sciences-National Research Council, Washington, D.C. GEORGE E. PALADE Lecture, New York State Society for Medical Research. Participant, Ross Conference on Pediatric Research, University Introductory Lecture, Series for the Public on Science and of Colorado Medical School. Society, Western Reserve University. Participant, New York Heart Association Symposium on The Lecture, Series for the Public on Promise of the Life Sciences, Myocardium. U. S. Department of Agriculture Graduate School, Wash- ington, D.C. S. WILLIAM PELLETIER Lecture Series on The Life Sciences, New York University. Lecture, Laboratory of Chemistry, National Institute of Arthri- Introductory Lecture, Conference on the Relation of Physical tis and Metabolic Diseases, Bethesda. and Biological Sciences, University of Miami. KEITH R. PORTER Participant, International Congress of Cell Biology, Paris. Lecture Series at the Institute of Morphology, Moscow. Participant, International Symposium on Cell Surface and Cell Lecture, Institute of Cytology, Leningrad. Movement, Nordwijk, Holland. Lecture, Institute of Virology, Bratislava. Speaker, International Institute of Embryology, PaIlanza, Italy. V. K. ZWORYKIN EN OCH GORDI s , Guest Investigator, Fellow and Assistant Address, American Philosophical Society, Philadelphia. Physician with Professor Dole. Formerly .Chief Resident, Medicine, Mount Sinai Hospital, New York City.

ALLEN H o LT, Research Associate with Professor Stanford Society Elections Moore and Professor William Stein. Formerly Research Assistant, University of Illinois. ALEXANDER G. BEARN Honorary Member, Sociedad Medica de Santiago, Chile. G LY N JON E s , Sophie Fricke Royal Society Research Fellow Honorary Member, Sociedad de Biologia de Santiago, Chile. in The Rockefeller Institute. On leave from the Rowett Research Institute, Bucksburn, Aberdeen, Scotland. DETLEV W. BRONK Foreign Member, Brazilian Academy of Sciences. E PHRAIM KATCHALS KI, Visiting Professor. Professor of Member, Council of Honour, Society for Visiting Scientists, Biophysics, The Weizmann Institute of Science, Israel. London. MELVIN LEVITT, Research Associate with Associate Profes-

GABRIEL C. GODMAN sor Brooks. Formerly Postdoctoral Research Fellow, Insti- Member, International Society for Cell Biology. tute for Neurological Sciences, School of Medicine, Uni- versity of Pennsylvania. FRITZ A. LIPMANN Honorary Member, Japanese Biochemical Society. ROBERT L. M CAULEY, Guest Investigator with Professor Ahrens to collaborate with Dr. Kurt Oette. Research Fellow KARL MARAMOROSCH ih Pathology and Biochemistry, Massachusetts Memorial Recording Secretary, The New York Academy of Sciences. Hospital, Boston. KEITH R. PORTER JAM E s H. MATHEw s ON, Guest Investigator with Associate President-elect, The Electron Microscope Society of America. Professor Granick. Postdoctoral Fellow of the United HOWARD A. SCHNEIDER States Public Health Service. Formerly Research Associate ello ow, The New York Academy of Sciences. of The Johns Hopkins University.

ANGEL o s CAR POGO , Guest Investigator with Professor Mirsky and Associate Professor Allfrey. Guggenheim Fel- Other Affointments and Distinctions low. On leave as Assistant Professor of Cell Biology from the Instituto de Biologia Celular, Cordova, Argentina. ARMIN C. BRAUN Member of the Visiting Committee, Brookhaven National BEATRIZ GARCIA TUNON DE POGO, Guest Investigator with Laboratory. Professor Mirsky and Associate Professor Allfrey. Fellow of the Argentine National Research Council. On leave as DETLEV W. BRONK Assistant Professor of Cell Biology from the Instituto de Member, Honorary Editorial Advisory Board, LIFE Journal. Biologia Celular, Cordova, Argentina. REN~J. DUBOS Modern Medicine Award for Distinguished Achievement. Jo H N J. REY N o LD s , Research Associate with Assistant Pro- fessor Pelletier. Formerly graduate student at Bristol Uni- KARL MARAMOROSCH versity, England, where he received the degree of Doctor Member, Committee on Archives, American Phytopathological of Philoso~hv.. , Society. AT u H IRO s I B ATAN I, Research Associate with Professor Mir- ALEXANDER MAURO sky. On leave as Professor of Biology, from the Cytochem- Member, Board of Editors, Review of Scientific Instruments. istry Laboratory, Yamaguti Medical School, Ube, Japan. JOHN H. NORTHROP R o G E R T H I E s , Guest Investigator with Associate Professor Director, National Youth Science Foundation. Brooks. Postdoctoral Fellow of the National Institutes of WILLIAM TRAGER Health. Formerly Graduate Fellow, The Rockefeller Insti- Member, Training Grants Committee, National Institute of tute, who has completed the requirements for the degree Allergy and Infectious Disease, United States Public of Doctor of Philosophy to be awarded in June 1961. Health Service. SIR ALEXANDER TODD, Visiting Professor. Professor of V. K. ZWORYKIN Organic Chemistry, University Chemical Laboratory, Uni- Citation, New York Chapter of Broadcast Pioneers. versity of Cambridge.

GUM P EI u RATA , Research Associate with Associate Profes- sor Granick. Formerly Guest Investigator with Associate New Affiointments to the Faculty Professor Granick.

MIHOKO ABE, Guest Investigator with Professor Hotchkiss; ROBERT P. VAN TUBERGEN, Guest Investigator with Pro- Rockefeller Foundation Fellow. Associate in the Depart- fessor Palade. NATO Postdoctoral Fellow of the National ment of Biochemistry, National Institute of Health, Tokyo. Science Foundation. Formerly Visiting Fellow at the ARC Virus Laboratory, Cambridge, England. MICHAIL FISCHBERG, Visiting Professor. John Wilfred Jenkinson Memorial Lecturer; Director of Embryological RALPH C. WILLIAM s , JR., Guest Investigator and Assistant Laboratories, Department of Zoology and Comparative Physician with Professor Kunkel. Formerly Chief Resi- Anatomy, University of Oxford. dent, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston. Departures from the Faculty CHRISTOPHER H. ANDREWES,NationalInstituteforMed- ical Research. London. December 7.,, 1060., ALBERT A. B ENEDICT,Guest Investigator with Associate SHELDON J. s EGAL, Population Council, December 8, 1960. Professor Chase, left the Institute at the end of December to return to the Department of Bacteriology at the Uni- G. LEDYARD s TEB BIN s , Professor of Genetics, University versity of Kansas, where he has been on leave as Associate of California at Davis, December 8, 1960. Professor. A. K. s o L OM ON,Associate Professor of Biophysics, Harvard Medical School, December 13, 1960. LUDWIG B ERGM ANN, Research Associate with Assistant Professor Maramorosch, left the Institute November 30 to FRED E . HAH N , Department of Molecular Biology, Walter join the Pflanzen Physiologisches Institut, Gottingen, Reed Army Institute of Research, December 15, 1960. Germany. RACH MAE L LE VIN E , Michael Reese Hospital, Chicago, OLGA O. B LU MEN F E LD, Guest Investigator with Associate December 20,1960. Professor Perlmann, left the Institute December 3 1 to work in the Department of Biochemistry, Albert Einstein Col- lege of Medicine. Visiting Professors in Residence

RICHARD DAVIS, Guest Investigator with Associate Professor SAMUEL A. GOUDSMIT,Chairman, Department of Physics, Dan Moore, left November 1 to become a Research Associ- Brookhaven National Laboratory, October 3-7, 1960. ate in the Department of Pharmacology at the University of RPY M OND M . F uo s s , Sterling Professor of Chemistry, Yale Pennsylvania School of Medicine. University, October 10-14, 1960. H. HUGH FUDENBERG,Research Associate with Professor THEODORE H. BERLIN, Professor of Physics, Thc Johns Kunkel, resigned October 3 1 to .accept an appointment in Hopkins University, October 17-21, 1960. the Department of Medicine, University of California Medical Center, San Francisco. DAVID R. GODDARD,Gustave C. Kuemmerle Professor of Botany, University of Pennsylvania, October 3 1-November JOHN s . GILLE s PIE, Sophie Fricke Royal Society Research 4,1960. Fellow in The Rockefeller Institute, left November 1 to return to the Institute of Physiology, The University, TH. DOB ZHAN SKY, Da Costa Professor of Zoology, Columbia Glasgow. University, December 19-23, 1960. FRIT z MILLER, Guest Investigator with Associate Professor Dan Moore, left the Institute November lo to become As- xw~~~~t~ and ~~~t~~~t~ sociate Professor of Pathology and Head of Laboratory of Electron Microscopy, Department of Pathology, University From the American Cancer Society: of Munich. For a study by Dr. Lynch of spontaneous and transplanted THOMAS H . RO ZI JN, Guest Investigator with Professor leukemia and of the effect of mice of DNA from leukemic Hotchkiss, will return to the Laboratorium voor Physio- tissues $9,102 logische Chemie, University of Utrecht in January 1961. To Dr. Rous for an investigation of methods for determining the relations of viruses to human tumors $17,008 From the Damon Runyon Memorial Fund for Cancer Research Guest Speakers to Dr. Gottschall for a study of white blood cell proteases in leukemia and other neoplastic diseases $6,600 GEORGE A. JERVIS, Letchworth Village, New York State De- partment of Mental Hygiene, Thiells, New York, October From the National Science Foundation : 5,1960. To Dr. Braun for his study of the chemical nature and ARNE TI s E LIU s , Professor of Biochemistry, Uppsala Uni- mode of action of a specific inducer of the male sex organ versity, Sweden, October lo, 1960. in ferns $60,100 To Dr. Granick for his studies of the growth and differ- D. RAO SANADI, Gerontology Branch, National Heart Insti- tute, October 18, 1960. entiation of chloroplasts in vitro $34,400 To the Institute for construction of graduate research labo- D. H. BARTON,Imperial College, London, October 24, 1960. ratories $32,250 WERNER SCHXFER, Max-Planck-Institut fiir Virusforschung, To Dr. Koshland for a study of enzyme structure and func- Tiibingen, October 26,1960. tion $12,500 c. A. B. SMITH, The Galton Laboratory, London, October From the United States Public Health Service: 26,1960. To Dr. Mirsky for continuation of his research on the KIM B ALL c . AT w OOD , Professor of Bacteriology, Univer- physiological activities of nucleoproteins $19,844 sity of Illinois, November lo, 1960. To Dr. Pelletier for his work on the chemistry of the ARTHUR KARMEN , National Heart Institute, November lo, aconitum and delphinium alkaloids $3,402 1960. To Dr. Schneider for his studies in experimental encephalo- GEORGE GORDON, Laboratory of Physiology, University of myelitis, and for his work on the isolation of natural resist- Oxford, November 17,1960. ance vitamin $437870 H. E . H ux LEY,Department of Biophysics, University College To Dr. Tatum for his work on the cytology and morphology London, December 1,5,7,8,1960. of Neurospora $8,334