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Cadre De Politique De Réinstallation Du Second Projet De Ligne D’Interconnexion Entre L’Ethiopie Et Djibouti /Semera-Nagad

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Cadre De Politique De Réinstallation Du Second Projet De Ligne D’Interconnexion Entre L’Ethiopie Et Djibouti /Semera-Nagad CADRE DE REINSTALLATION DU DEUXIEME PROJET DU SYSTEME D’ALIMENTATION ELECTRIQUE E ENTRE L’ETHIOPIE ET DJIBOUTI - PARTIE DJIBOUTIENNE Février 2021 Cadre de Politique de Réinstallation du second projet de ligne d’interconnexion entre l’Ethiopie et Djibouti /Semera-Nagad Partie Djiboutienne – Galafi-Nagad Version finale 1 CADRE DE REINSTALLATION DU DEUXIEME PROJET DU SYSTEME D’ALIMENTATION ELECTRIQUE E ENTRE L’ETHIOPIE ET DJIBOUTI - PARTIE DJIBOUTIENNE Cadre de Réinstallation du Deuxième Projet d’Alimentation Electrique entre l’Ethiopie et Djibouti / Semera-Nagad – Partie Djiboutienne Partie Djiboutienne – Galafi-Nagad Version finale Février 2021 2 CADRE DE REINSTALLATION DU DEUXIEME PROJET DU SYSTEME D’ALIMENTATION ELECTRIQUE E ENTRE L’ETHIOPIE ET DJIBOUTI - PARTIE DJIBOUTIENNE Table des matières 1 Acronymes ............................................................................................................ 8 2 Glossaire ............................................................................................................... 9 3 Résumé exécutif ................................................................................................ 11 4 Executive summary ............................................................................................ 21 5 Introduction ....................................................................................................... 30 5.1 Contexte de l’étude et conception du projet ........................................................................................... 30 5.2 Objectifs du CPR ........................................................................................................................................ 30 5.3 Démarche méthodologique ....................................................................................................................... 31 6 Description du projet et du contexte de réinstallation ..................................... 32 6.1 Gestion du foncier ...................................................................................................................................... 32 6.1.1 Ressources juridiques pour stabiliser ou garantir les droits fonciers dans les zones rurales ............................................ 32 6.1.2 Principes coutumiers de la gestion foncière ................................................................................................................... 33 6.2 Caractéristiques et composantes du projet ............................................................................................ 35 6.2.1 Acquisition permanente du terrain pour le poste de Nagad ........................................................................................... 36 6.2.2 Acquisition permanente de terres sur l’emplacement des pylônes ................................................................................. 38 6.2.3 Restrictions d’usage des terrains dans le corridor de la ligne de transmission ............................................................... 38 6.2.4 Acquisition permanente de terres sur l’emplacement des pylônes ................................................................................. 39 6.2.5 Acquisition temporaire de terres durant la phase de construction ................................................................................. 39 6.3 Justification du Cadre de Politique de Réinstallation ............................................................................ 40 6.4 Conditions démographiques et socio-économiques dans la zone d’influence sociale du projet ..... 41 6.4.1 Démographie ................................................................................................................................................................ 42 6.4.2 Profil socio-économique ................................................................................................................................................ 43 6.4.3 Caractéristiques de l’habitat ......................................................................................................................................... 44 6.5 Impacts potentiels – Personnes et biens affectés .................................................................................. 44 6.5.1 Impacts du projet sur les personnes, les biens et les moyens de subsistance.................................................................. 44 6.5.2 Estimation des besoins en terres et du nombre de personnes affectées par le projet ..................................................... 45 6.5.3 Catégories de personnes affectées ................................................................................................................................ 46 3 CADRE DE REINSTALLATION DU DEUXIEME PROJET DU SYSTEME D’ALIMENTATION ELECTRIQUE E ENTRE L’ETHIOPIE ET DJIBOUTI - PARTIE DJIBOUTIENNE 7 Cadre juridique et institutionnel de la réinstallation ........................................ 47 7.1 Le cadre juridique national ........................................................................................................................ 48 7.1.1 Régime foncier à Djibouti .............................................................................................................................................. 48 7.1.2 Cadre législatif et réglementaire de la République de Djibouti ....................................................................................... 49 7.1.3 Mécanisme légal d’atteinte à la propriété privée à Djibouti .......................................................................................... 50 7.2 Politiques de sauvegarde de la Banque Mondiale et de la Banque Africaine de Développement .... 52 7.2.1 Politique de gestion des risques environnementaux et sociaux de la Banque Mondiale ................................................. 52 7.2.2 Politique de sauvegarde de la Banque Africaine de Développement .............................................................................. 55 7.3 Conformités et divergences entre la législation nationale et les politiques de la BM et de la BAD .. 56 7.4 Cadre institutionnel de la réinstallation ................................................................................................... 61 7.4.1 Acteurs institutionnels .................................................................................................................................................. 61 7.4.2 Évaluation des capacités en matière de réinstallation des acteurs institutionnels.......................................................... 64 8 Principes et critères de réinstallation ................................................................ 65 8.1 Principes et objectifs régissant le processus de réinstallation ............................................................ 65 8.1.1 Objectifs de la politique en matière de réinstallation ..................................................................................................... 65 8.1.2 Fondement du cadre en matière de réinstallation ......................................................................................................... 65 8.2 Critères d’éligibilité des personnes affectées ......................................................................................... 66 8.2.1 Eligibilité à la compensation ......................................................................................................................................... 66 8.2.2 Date limite d’éligibilité .................................................................................................................................................. 68 9 Elaboration et mise en œuvre du PAR ............................................................... 68 9.1 Phase préliminaire ...................................................................................................................................... 69 9.1.1 Validation et appropriation du Cadre de Politique de Réinstallation .............................................................................. 69 9.1.2 Finalisation du design du projet .................................................................................................................................... 69 9.2 Elaboration du PAR .................................................................................................................................... 70 9.2.1 Consultation et Participation Publiques ......................................................................................................................... 70 9.2.2 Réalisation des recensements et inventaires ................................................................................................................. 71 9.2.3 Annonce de la date butoir ............................................................................................................................................. 73 9.2.4 Validation des listes de PAP par zone et consolidation de la liste définitive .................................................................... 73 9.2.5 Elaboration et validation du Plan d’Action de Réinstallation (PAR) ................................................................................ 73 9.3 Mise en œuvre du PAR .............................................................................................................................. 74 4 CADRE DE REINSTALLATION DU DEUXIEME PROJET DU SYSTEME D’ALIMENTATION ELECTRIQUE E ENTRE L’ETHIOPIE ET DJIBOUTI - PARTIE DJIBOUTIENNE 9.3.1 Distribution des compensations ...................................................................................................................................
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