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Professional Paper 1760F Studies by the U.S. Geological Survey in Alaska, 2007 Detrital Zircon Geochronology of Cretaceous and Paleogene Strata Across the South-Central Alaskan Convergent Margin Professional Paper 1760–F U.S. Department of the Interior U.S. Geological Survey This page intentionally left blank Studies by the U.S. Geological Survey in Alaska, 2007 Detrital Zircon Geochronology of Cretaceous and Paleogene Strata Across the South-Central Alaskan Convergent Margin By Dwight Bradley, Peter Haeussler, Paul O’Sullivan, Rich Friedman, Alison Till, Dan Bradley, and Jeff Trop Professional Paper 1760–F U.S. Department of the Interior U.S. Geological Survey U.S. Department of the Interior KEN SALAZAR, Secretary U.S. Geological Survey Suzette M. Kimball, Acting Director U.S. Geological Survey, Reston, Virginia: 2009 This report and any updates to it are available online at: http://pubs.usgs.gov/pp/1760/f/ For more information about the USGS and its products: Telephone: 1–888–ASK–USGS (1-888-275-8747) World Wide Web: http://www.usgs.gov/ Any use of trade, product, or firm names in this publication is for descriptive purposes only and does not imply endorsement by the U.S. Government. Although this report is in the public domain, it may contain copyrighted materials that are noted in the text. Permission to reproduce those items must be secured from the individual copyright owners. Produced in the Western Region, Menlo Park, California Manuscript approved for publication, August 20, 2009 Text edited by Peter H. Stauffer Layout and design by Stephen L. Scott Suggested citation: Bradley, D., Haeussler, P., O’Sullivan, P., Friedman, R., Till, A., Bradley, D., and Trop, J., 2009, Detrital zircon geochronol- ogy of Cretaceous and Paleogene strata across the south-central Alaskan convergent margin, in Haeussler, P.J., and Galloway, J.P., Studies by the U.S. Geological Survey in Alaska, 2007: U.S. Geological Survey Professional Paper 1760-F, 36 p. FRONT COVER Exposure of Upper Cretaceous sandstone of the Valdez Group on the southern Kenai Peninsula, Alaska, that was sampled for zircon geochronology studies. III Contents Abstract ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------1 Introduction ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------2 Chugach Mountains -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------4 McHugh Complex --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------4 Geochronology of Igneous Clasts --------------------------------------------------------------8 Detrital Zircons -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------8 Valdez Group ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 10 Geochronology of Igneous Clasts ------------------------------------------------------------ 10 Detrital Zircons --------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 11 Southern Talkeetna Mountains --------------------------------------------------------------------------- 12 Schist of Hatcher Pass ------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 12 Arkose Ridge Formation ----------------------------------------------------------------------------- 13 Western Alaska Range ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 13 Sandstone of the Canyon Creek Area—Valanginian to Hauterivian --------------------------- 14 Hornfels Metasandstone of the Chilligan River Headwaters—Aptian ------------------------ 14 Hornfels Metasandstone of the Max Lake Area—Hauterivian --------------------------------- 15 Hornfels Metasandstone of the Crystal Creek Area—Aptian ---------------------------------- 15 Hornfels Metasandstone of the Emerald Creek Area—Copniacian --------------------------- 16 Hornfels Metasandstone of the Peak 6105 Area—Paleogene --------------------------------- 16 Tectonic Implications -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 16 Chugach terrane ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 16 Talkeetna Mountains -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 16 Western Alaska Range ------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 17 Implications for ca. 90-Ma Metallogeny ---------------------------------------------------------------- 17 Acknowlegments ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 18 References Cited ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 18 Appendix: Analytical Methods---------------------------------------------------------------------------- 43 U-Pb Zircon LA-ICP-MS Techniques (University of British Columbia) ------------------------- 43 U-Pb Zircon SHRIMP-RG Techniques (U.S. Geological Survey-Stanford University) -------- 43 U-Pb Zircon LA-ICP-MS Techniques (Apatite to Zircon, Inc.) ---------------------------------- 43 Figures 1. Map of Alaska showing key physiographic features -------------------------------------------3 2. Simplified geologic map of parts of the Tyonek, Anchorage, Seward, and Kenai quadrangles---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------4 3. Histograms (blue boxes) and probability plots (red lines) of detrital zircon ages -----------6 4. Outcrop photographs of rock units sampled for geochronology ------------------------------9 5. Individual 206Pb/238U ages of zircon grains from igneous clasts ----------------------------- 10 6. Geologic map of the Nuka Bay area, Seldovia quadrangle ---------------------------------- 11 Tables 1. Analytical data and estimated resources for Cutaway Basin barite deposits --------------5 2. Rock density measurements from the Lakeview and Longview deposits ----------------- 21 This page intentionally left blank 1 Studies by the U.S. Geological Survey in Alaska, 2007 Edited by Peter J. Haeussler and John P. Galloway U.S. Geological Survey Professional Paper 1760–F Detrital Zircon Geochronology of Cretaceous and Paleogene Strata Across the South-Central Alaskan Convergent Margin By Dwight Bradley1, Peter Haeussler1, Paul O’Sullivan2, Rich Friedman3, Alison Till1, Dan Bradley4, and Jeff Trop5 Abstract Valdez Group appears to have been derived almost entirely from Mesozoic arc sources, but a few Precambrian zircons are also Ages of detrital zircons are reported from ten samples of present. Lower Cretaceous to Paleogene metasandstones and sandstones Talkeetna Mountains—Detrital zircons ages were obtained from the Chugach Mountains, Talkeetna Mountains, and west- from southernmost metasedimentary rocks of the Talkeetna ern Alaska Range of south-central Alaska. Zircon ages are also Mountains (schist of Hatcher Pass) and, immediately to the reported from three igneous clasts from two conglomerates. south, the northernmost sedimentary sequence of the Matanuska The results bear on the regional geology, stratigraphy, tectonics, forearc basin (Arkose Ridge Formation). Detrital zircons from and mineral resource potential of the southern Alaska conver- the Paleogene Arkose Ridge Formation are as young as 61 and gent margin. 70 Ma; the population is dominated by a single Late Cretaceous Chugach Mountains—The first detrital zircon data are peak at 76 Ma; the oldest zircon is 181 Ma. Sedimentological reported here from the two main components of the Chugach evidence clearly shows that the conglomeratic Arkose Ridge accretionary complex—the inboard McHugh Complex and the Formation was derived from the Talkeetna Mountains; our outboard Valdez Group. Detrital zircons from sandstone and detrital zircon data support this inference. Zircons dated at two conglomerate clasts of diorite were dated from the McHugh ca. 90 Ma in the Arkose Ridge sample suggest that buried or Complex near Anchorage. This now stands as the youngest unmapped plutons of this age may exist in the Talkeetnas. This known part of the McHugh Complex, with an inferred Turonian is a particularly interesting age as it corresponds to the age of (Late Cretaceous) depositional age no older than 91-93 Ma. the supergiant Pebble gold-molybdenum-copper porphyry pros- The zircon population has probability density peaks at 93 and pect near Iliamna and suggests a new area of prospectivity for 104 Ma and a smattering of Early Cretaceous and Jurassic Pebble-type deposits. The schist of Hatcher Pass, which was grains, with nothing older than 191 Ma. The two diorite clasts previously assigned a Jurassic depositional age, yielded surpris- yielded Jurassic U-Pb zircon ages of 179 and 181 Ma. Together, ingly young Late Cretaceous detrital zircons, the youngest at 75 these findings suggest a Mesozoic arc as primary zircon source, Ma. The probability density curve has four Cretaceous peaks the closest and most likely candidate being the Wrangellia from 76 to 102 Ma, a pair of Late Jurassic peaks at 155 and 166 composite terrane. The detrital zircon sample from the Valdez Ma, three Early Jurassic to Late Triassic peaks at 186, 197, and Group contains zircons as young as 69 and 77 Ma, consistent 213 Ma, minor Carboniferous peaks at 303 and 346 Ma, and a with the previously assigned Maastrichtian to Campanian (Late minor Paleoproterozoic peak at 1828 Ma. The schist of Hatcher Cretaceous) depositional age. The zircon population has
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