DOCSLIB.ORG

Representations of the Holocaust in Texas World

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
Representations of the Holocaust in Texas World REPRESENTATIONS OF THE HOLOCAUST IN TEXAS WORLD HISTORY TEXTBOOKS FROM 1947 TO 1980 by RYAN NOLAN ABT Presented to the Faculty of the Graduate School of The University of Texas at Arlington in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree of MASTER OF ARTS IN HISTORY THE UNIVERSITY OF TEXAS AT ARLINGTON MAY 2015 Copyright © by Ryan Nolan Abt 2015 All Rights Reserved ii Acknowledgements I first thank my patient and encouraging wife, Maggie, who spurred me toward this accomplishment and without complaint accepted the difficulties to which seeking it led. She encourages me and I am the better man for having her. I thank my mother for her diligence in editing the entire work and for her positivity in doing so. To all my family I extend thanks for their support in this endeavor. From my very early time at the University of Texas at Arlington, Dr. Thomas Adam has been an encourager, a mentor, and a firm motivator. His work with me has made me who I am as a scholar and has taught me so very much in the way that I approach the discipline of history. I have found my time in his class and working through my thesis to be of the greatest value. I also appreciate the great time and effort of Dr. Andrew Milson and Dr. Steven Reinhardt. Without their work on my behalf, I would not have succeeded in accomplishing this goal. When I consider how much I have developed in the past few years, I cannot help but thank all those professors whose classes I attended while at UTA. Doctors Babiracki, Cawthon, Cole, Demhardt, Garrigus, Narrett, and Joan Reinhardt are appreciated in their work on behalf of all the students of UTA. I also recognize the great support I have received from various sources throughout this work. I thank all my friends, from those who encouraged me to work to those who encouraged me to take an occasional break. I appreciate the staff of Southwest Christian School for all that they have done to foster an atmosphere of scholarship and encouragement. Finally, I am thankful for God the Father for His making this possible April 3, 2015 iii Abstract REPRESENTATIONS OF THE HOLOCAUST IN TEXAS WORLD HISTORY TEXTBOOKS FROM 1947 TO 1990 Ryan Abt, MA The University of Texas at Arlington, 2015 Supervising Professor: Thomas Adam The purpose of this study was to analyze the topic of the Holocaust as represented in the World History textbooks adopted by the state of Texas from the adoption cycle of 1947 to the 1984 adoption cycle. Texas textbooks were chosen due to the state’s influence in the textbook industry due to its population and adoption process. The textbooks are analyzed as cultural artifacts which, when analyzed, can give a deeper understanding of the society into which they were produced. The textbooks were analyzed in relation to Holocaust scholarship and Holocaust related cultural events and productions which were relevant to the period during which the textbooks were produced. The analysis of these textbooks depicts a society in which textbooks told only the story which had the least debate and which upheld the earlier, accepted narrative. iv Table of Contents Acknowledgements .............................................................................................................iii Abstract .............................................................................................................................. iv List of Illustrations ............................................................................................................. viii List of Tables ...................................................................................................................... ix Chapter 1 Introduction......................................................................................................... 1 Chapter 2 1947 Textbook Cycle ....................................................................................... 10 Cultural Representations .............................................................................................. 10 Representations of the Holocaust in Textbooks ........................................................... 17 Summary ...................................................................................................................... 25 Chapter 3 1948-1954 Textbook Cycle .............................................................................. 27 Representations of the Holocaust in Newsreels and Film ............................................ 27 Events and Attitudes Affecting Interpretations of the Holocaust .................................. 30 Representations of the Holocaust in Textbooks ........................................................... 34 Summary ...................................................................................................................... 46 Chapter 4 1954-1962 Textbook Cycle .............................................................................. 47 Events and Attitudes Affecting Interpretations of the Holocaust .................................. 47 Representations of the Holocaust in Print .................................................................... 50 Representations of the Holocaust in Textbooks ........................................................... 53 Summary ...................................................................................................................... 63 Chapter 5 1962-1971 Textbook Cycle .............................................................................. 66 Textbook Industry and Studies ..................................................................................... 67 Events and Attitudes Affecting Interpretations of the Holocaust .................................. 68 Representations of the Holocaust in Performance Arts ............................................... 69 Representations of the Holocaust in Print .................................................................... 70 v Representations of the Holocaust in Textbooks ........................................................... 76 Summary ...................................................................................................................... 92 Chapter 6 1971-1977 Textbook Cycle .............................................................................. 93 Events and Attitudes Affecting Interpretations of the Holocaust .................................. 93 Textbook Industry and Studies ..................................................................................... 98 Representations of the Holocaust in Print .................................................................. 100 Representations of the Holocaust in Film ................................................................... 101 Representations of the Holocaust in Academic History ............................................. 104 Representations of the Holocaust in Textbooks ......................................................... 114 Summary .................................................................................................................... 133 Chapter 7 1977-1984 Textbook Cycle ............................................................................ 134 Events and Attitudes Affecting Interpretations of the Holocaust ................................ 134 Textbook Industry and Studies ................................................................................... 137 Representations of the Holocaust in Print .................................................................. 142 Representations of the Holocaust in Film ................................................................... 144 Representations of the Holocaust in Academic History ............................................. 148 Representations of the Holocaust in Textbooks ......................................................... 154 Summary .................................................................................................................... 185 Chapter 8 1984-1990 Textbook Cycle ............................................................................ 187 Events and Attitudes Affecting Interpretations of the Holocaust ................................ 187 Textbook Industry and Studies ................................................................................... 193 Representations of the Holocaust in Film ................................................................... 196 Representations of the Holocaust in Theater ............................................................. 208 Representations of the Holocaust in Academic History ............................................. 211 Representations of the Holocaust in Textbooks ......................................................... 222 vi Summary .................................................................................................................... 257 Chapter 9 Conclusion ...................................................................................................... 259 References ...................................................................................................................... 262 Biographical Information ................................................................................................. 272 vii List of Illustrations Figure 3-1 Image and Caption from The World’s History ................................................. 44 Figure 5-1 Image and Caption from Story of Nations ....................................................... 84 Figure 6-1 Image and Caption from A Global History of
Load more

Recommended publications
  • Czerniakow, Adam
    Czerniakow, Adam (1880-1942), Chairman of the Warsaw Judenrat. Born in Warsaw, Czerniakow was trained as a chemical engineer. He served on the Warsaw Municipal Council from 1927-1934, and was elected to the Polish Senate in 1931. Even though Czerniakow was a member of the Jewish community's executive council before World War II, the Jews of Warsaw did not consider him to be one of their leaders. He was not a member of any Jewish political party, was considered to be an assimilated Jew, and could not speak Yiddish very well. In spite of this, when the Nazis invaded Warsaw and the chairman of the Jewish community council fled the city, the mayor asked Czerniakow to take his place as the leader of the Jews. The Germans ordered him to establish a Judenrat in October 1939. During the first few months of the occupation, some leading Judenrat members managed to leave the country. Czerniakow also had this opportunity, but he refused to shirk his leadership duties and criticized those who did. The Warsaw Ghetto was established in October 1940. At this point, the Judenrat, led by Czerniakow, took on many new municipal-like responsibilities, including food, work, sanitation, housing, culture, and health services for the inhabitants of the ghetto. The Judenrat grew to encompass 25 different departments and 6,000 employees—more than 11 times the number of workers in Warsaw's Jewish Council before the war. Czerniakow was strenuously criticized by Warsaw's underground resistance for what they saw as collaboration with the Nazis. However, Czerniakow's policy of trying to work within the system was his attempt at saving lives.
    [Show full text]
  • THE POLISH POLICE Collaboration in the Holocaust
    THE POLISH POLICE Collaboration in the Holocaust Jan Grabowski The Polish Police Collaboration in the Holocaust Jan Grabowski INA LEVINE ANNUAL LECTURE NOVEMBER 17, 2016 The assertions, opinions, and conclusions in this occasional paper are those of the author. They do not necessarily reflect those of the United States Holocaust Memorial Museum. First printing, April 2017 Copyright © 2017 by Jan Grabowski THE INA LEVINE ANNUAL LECTURE, endowed by the William S. and Ina Levine Foundation of Phoenix, Arizona, enables the Center to bring a distinguished scholar to the Museum each year to conduct innovative research on the Holocaust and to disseminate this work to the American public. Wrong Memory Codes? The Polish “Blue” Police and Collaboration in the Holocaust In 2016, seventy-one years after the end of World War II, the Polish Ministry of Foreign Affairs disseminated a long list of “wrong memory codes” (błędne kody pamięci), or expressions that “falsify the role of Poland during World War II” and that are to be reported to the nearest Polish diplomat for further action. Sadly—and not by chance—the list elaborated by the enterprising humanists at the Polish Foreign Ministry includes for the most part expressions linked to the Holocaust. On the long list of these “wrong memory codes,” which they aspire to expunge from historical narrative, one finds, among others: “Polish genocide,” “Polish war crimes,” “Polish mass murders,” “Polish internment camps,” “Polish work camps,” and—most important for the purposes of this text—“Polish participation in the Holocaust.” The issue of “wrong memory codes” will from time to time reappear in this study.
    [Show full text]
  • Using Diaries to Understand the Final Solution in Poland
    Miranda Walston Witnessing Extermination: Using Diaries to Understand the Final Solution in Poland Honours Thesis By: Miranda Walston Supervisor: Dr. Lauren Rossi 1 Miranda Walston Introduction The Holocaust spanned multiple years and states, occurring in both German-occupied countries and those of their collaborators. But in no one state were the actions of the Holocaust felt more intensely than in Poland. It was in Poland that the Nazis constructed and ran their four death camps– Treblinka, Sobibor, Chelmno, and Belzec – and created combination camps that both concentrated people for labour, and exterminated them – Auschwitz and Majdanek.1 Chelmno was the first of the death camps, established in 1941, while Treblinka, Sobibor, and Belzec were created during Operation Reinhard in 1942.2 In Poland, the Nazis concentrated many of the Jews from countries they had conquered during the war. As the major killing centers of the “Final Solution” were located within Poland, when did people in Poland become aware of the level of death and destruction perpetrated by the Nazi regime? While scholars have attributed dates to the “Final Solution,” predominantly starting in 1942, when did the people of Poland notice the shift in the treatment of Jews from relocation towards physical elimination using gas chambers? Or did they remain unaware of such events? To answer these questions, I have researched the writings of various people who were in Poland at the time of the “Final Solution.” I am specifically addressing the information found in diaries and memoirs. Given language barriers, this thesis will focus only on diaries and memoirs that were written in English or later translated and published in English.3 This thesis addresses twenty diaries and memoirs from people who were living in Poland at the time of the “Final Solution.” Most of these diaries (fifteen of twenty) were written by members of the intelligentsia.
    [Show full text]
  • QNF V5 Proef 4.1 2
    no. 5 spring 2001 QUALITY NON-FICTION FROM HOLLAND FOUNDATION FOR THE PRODUCTION Special Issue: AND TRANSLATION OF DUTCH th LITERATURE 20 Century Classics Singel 464 nl6-61017 aw2Amsterdam contained brief biographical sketches of more than 150 tel+631 206620662661 fifteenth and sixteenth-century Dutch and Flemish painters. Three quarters of a century later there fol- fax 6 6 6 6 + 31 20 620 71 79 lowed a most original book by Rembrandt’s pupil [email protected] Samuel van Hoogstraeten, the Inleyding tot de Hooge website www.nlpvf.nl Schoole der Schilderkonst (Introduction to the High School of Painting; 1678). Arnold Houbraken’s De groote schouwburgh der Nederlantsche konstschilders en schilderessen (The Great Theatre of Dutch Painters; 1718- 1721) was a sequel to Mander’s book, as entertaining as Which tradition can be said to lie at the root of the it was informative. With his account of nearly a thou- books we have been presenting as the best Netherlands sand Dutch painters of both sexes he set the tone for non-fiction over the past four years? Everyone knows generations of art collectors. A modern classic in the the historian Johan Huizinga who achieved world history of Dutch art, finally, is Bob Haak’s Hollandse renown with his The Waning of the Middle Ages (1919), schilders in de Gouden Eeuw (Dutch Painters in the but even Huizinga had important predecessors. Golden Age; 1984), a lavishly illustrated book by a lead- From the end of the sixteenth century, Dutchmen could ing connoisseur. be found crossing the oceans. Their travel books con- Erasmus and Spinoza, the most important philosophers veyed a vivid picture of the life of seafarers, but above the Netherlands has produced, admittedly wrote in all they had a lasting influence on the European view of Latin, but left an indelible impression on Dutch litera- the outside world.
    [Show full text]
  • This Cannot Happen Here Studies of the Niod Institute for War, Holocaust and Genocide Studies
    This Cannot Happen Here studies of the niod institute for war, holocaust and genocide studies This niod series covers peer reviewed studies on war, holocaust and genocide in twentieth century societies, covering a broad range of historical approaches including social, economic, political, diplomatic, intellectual and cultural, and focusing on war, mass violence, anti- Semitism, fascism, colonialism, racism, transitional regimes and the legacy and memory of war and crises. board of editors: Madelon de Keizer Conny Kristel Peter Romijn i Ralf Futselaar — Lard, Lice and Longevity. The standard of living in occupied Denmark and the Netherlands 1940-1945 isbn 978 90 5260 253 0 2 Martijn Eickhoff (translated by Peter Mason) — In the Name of Science? P.J.W. Debye and his career in Nazi Germany isbn 978 90 5260 327 8 3 Johan den Hertog & Samuël Kruizinga (eds.) — Caught in the Middle. Neutrals, neutrality, and the First World War isbn 978 90 5260 370 4 4 Jolande Withuis, Annet Mooij (eds.) — The Politics of War Trauma. The aftermath of World War ii in eleven European countries isbn 978 90 5260 371 1 5 Peter Romijn, Giles Scott-Smith, Joes Segal (eds.) — Divided Dreamworlds? The Cultural Cold War in East and West isbn 978 90 8964 436 7 6 Ben Braber — This Cannot Happen Here. Integration and Jewish Resistance in the Netherlands, 1940-1945 isbn 978 90 8964 483 8 This Cannot Happen Here Integration and Jewish Resistance in the Netherlands, 1940-1945 Ben Braber Amsterdam University Press 2013 This book is published in print and online through the online oapen library (www.oapen.org) oapen (Open Access Publishing in European Networks) is a collaborative initiative to develop and implement a sustainable Open Access publication model for academic books in the Humanities and Social Sciences.
    [Show full text]
  • Geschiedschrijving Als Opdracht
    Geschiedschrijving als opdracht Abel Herzberg, Jacques Presser en Loe de Jong over de jodenvervolging Conny Kristel bron Conny Kristel, Geschiedschrijving als opdracht. Abel Herzberg, Jacques Presser en Loe de Jong over de jodenvervolging. Meulenhoff, Amsterdam 1998 Zie voor verantwoording: http://www.dbnl.org/tekst/kris004gesc01_01/colofon.htm © 2007 dbnl / Conny Kristel 7 Woord vooraf Wie een boek schrijft over de jodenvervolging heeft veel uit te leggen. Wanneer ik de afgelopen jaren vertelde waar ik mee bezig was, vroeg menigeen verbaasd en nieuwsgierig hoe ik tot dit onderwerp gekomen was. Vervolgens voelden mensen die de oorlog min of meer bewust hebben meegemaakt zich vrijwel altijd geroepen mij deelgenoot te maken van hun herinneringen aan de oorlogsjaren. Leeftijdgenoten - ik werd geboren in 1955 - reageerden opvallend vaak ongeduldig of zelfs geprikkeld. Sommigen van hen legden me uit dat ook niet-joden geleden hebben onder de oorlog. Anderen meenden dat er inmiddels wel genoeg over het lot van de joden was geschreven. Nu krijgt elke contemporain historicus te maken met uitgesproken meningen en opvattingen van tijdgenoten. Maar het lijkt me duidelijk dat het onderwerp van dit boek uitzonderlijke reacties teweegbrengt. Wat Bram de Swaan in 1965 opmerkte over de respons op Pressers Ondergang, geldt kennelijk nog steeds en ook voor mijn boek: de mensen zitten er erg mee. Dit verklaart misschien dat mij behalve naar mijn motivatie verder nauwelijks iets werd gevraagd. Mijn belangstelling voor de nasleep van de jodenvervolging dateert uit mijn studietijd. In 1987 schreef ik een doctoraalscriptie over de repatriëring van Nederlandse overlevenden uit de Duitse concentratiekampen. Nadien ben ik me blijven verdiepen in de gevolgen van de perfect georganiseerde massamoord, vooral op het leven en denken van de overlevenden.
    [Show full text]
  • Ers'oonlijkheden
    ers'oonlijkheden Doeko Bosscher Abel Ja ob Herzberg >- In aeze aflevering van Persoonlijkheden verklaart Doeko Bosscher zijn bewondering voor het werk van de Joodse schrijver Abel Herzberg en diens wil om de mens in al r- zijn facetten te begrijpen. Voor wie koestert een mens fascinatie? In mijn geval voor iemand die ogen opent en tot denken aanzet; tot het heroverwegen van standpunten. Omdat hij een origineel denker was, in alles wat hij schreef goed voor een paar nieuwe gezichtspunten, koester ik hoge achting voor Abel J. Herzberg. Mijn respect geldt voor hem als auteur (toneel, poëzie en proza) en als rolmodel voor iedereen die, op zoek naar de kern van het begrip humani­ teit, in waarheid wll proberen te leven. Dergelijke lieden zijn dun gezaaid. Hun bijzondere talent, hun genie, blijkt mee tal pas in omstandigheden die hen dwingen het beste naar boven te laten komen. Herzberg zou zelf de eerste zijn, zoals hierna wel blijkt, om het belang van omstandigheden voor de ontdekking van zijn eigen gaven te erkennen. Hij was een typische structuralist, die mens en context uit elkaar hield. De mens is niet; hij wordt gemaakt. Herzberg was naast een heleboel andere dingen ook zionist, een woord dat bij mij (kind van de jaren zestig) altijd negatieve associaties wekte vanwege de vernedering van de Palestijnen, die met de nederzettingenpolitiek op de Westbank gepaard ging. Zionisme, dat was dan wel oorspronkelijk een reactie op allerlei kwalijke vormen van discriminatie en vervolging en was als zodanig goed te begrijpen, maar stelde het in de latere praktijk niet het ene onrecht voor het andere kwaad in de plaats? Ik vond (en vind) het bestaansrecht van Israël binnen veilige grenzen even vanzelfsprekend als de aanspraak van de Palestijnen op erkenning van hun rechten.
    [Show full text]
  • Anne Frank, the Young Diarist from Amsterdam, May Be
    “Poor devils” of the Camps Dutch Jews in Theresienstadt, 1943–19451 Anna Hájková nne Frank, the young diarist from Amsterdam, may be the best-known victim of the Holocaust.2 Her diary breaks off with the capture of the Jews hiding at 263 Prinsengracht Street, and, with the termination of the diary, Anne Frank Ais as good as dead. Anne’s incarceration in Auschwitz-Birkenau and later in Bergen-Belsen, where she died seven months after her arrest, are often presented as a footnote to her story.3 This treatment of Anne Frank’s last seven months is symptomatic of the story of the Dutch Jews once they were deported outside of the Netherlands; this topic has been widely neglected in large parts of the historiography of the Holocaust of Dutch Jewry.4 Many scholars of the 1 This article was a long time in the making, and I am extremely grateful to many colleagues and friends for their help, advice, support, and reading and commenting along the way. Among others, I’d like to thank Guido Abuys, Merav Amir, Doris Bergen, Hubert Berkhout, Hartmut Kaelble, the late René Kruis, Anna Manchin, Jaroslava Milotová, Ted Muller, the late Miloš Pojar, Corinna Unger, and Lynne Viola; and the many people who in 2001 were so helpful and generous talking with me about their Terezín experience. 2 On Anne Frank as the point of departure for an important new history of the Ho- locaust in the Netherlands, see Katja Happe, “Die Geschichte der Judenverfolgung in den Niederlanden: Schwerpunktsetzungen innerhalb eines neuen Projekts” in Krijn Thijs und Rüdiger Haude, eds., Grenzfälle: Transfer und Konflikt zwischen Deutschland, Belgien und den Niederlanden im 20.
    [Show full text]
  • German Economic Policy and Forced Labor of Jews in the General Government, 1939–1943 Witold Wojciech Me¸Dykowski
    Macht Arbeit Frei? German Economic Policy and Forced Labor of Jews in the General Government, 1939–1943 Witold Wojciech Me¸dykowski Boston 2018 Jews of Poland Series Editor ANTONY POLONSKY (Brandeis University) Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data: the bibliographic record for this title is available from the Library of Congress. © Academic Studies Press, 2018 ISBN 978-1-61811-596-6 (hardcover) ISBN 978-1-61811-597-3 (electronic) Book design by Kryon Publishing Services (P) Ltd. www.kryonpublishing.com Academic Studies Press 28 Montfern Avenue Brighton, MA 02135, USA P: (617)782-6290 F: (857)241-3149 [email protected] www.academicstudiespress.com This publication is supported by An electronic version of this book is freely available, thanks to the support of libraries working with Knowledge Unlatched. KU is a collaborative initiative designed to make high quality books Open Access for the public good. The Open Access ISBN for this book is 978-1-61811-907-0. More information about the initiative and links to the Open Access version can be found at www.knowledgeunlatched.org. To Luba, with special thanks and gratitude Table of Contents Acknowledgements v Introduction vii Part One Chapter 1: The War against Poland and the Beginning of German Economic Policy in the Ocсupied Territory 1 Chapter 2: Forced Labor from the Period of Military Government until the Beginning of Ghettoization 18 Chapter 3: Forced Labor in the Ghettos and Labor Detachments 74 Chapter 4: Forced Labor in the Labor Camps 134 Part Two Chapter
    [Show full text]
  • Western Europe
    Western Europe Anglo-Jewry Since World War II GROWTH IN NATIONAL IMPORTANCE and a decline in number; a heightened self-consciousness and a loss of identity; a deepening of religious fervor and a fragmentation of religious institutions; a proliferation of educational facilities and a widespread indifference to things Jewish—all these paradoxes characterize the postwar evolution of British Jewry. The immediate postwar period set the scene for all later developments. Wartime evacuation and dispersal initiated a movement away from city centers to the suburbs and beyond. The struggle of the late 1940s to establish and support Israel, often in conflict with the Labour government's policy, foreshadowed the later much closer identification with Israel. The reduced hierarchical structure of postwar Britain, itself in part a product of wartime dislocation, facilitated the entry of Jews into new occupational and social spheres. The wider diffusion of wealth and enhanced living standards gave opportunity to Jewish entrepreneurs in building, entertainment, publishing, the consumer-oriented industries, and the professions. The educational expansion, initiated during the war, likewise created openings for the intellectual and academic on an unprecedented scale. The Anglo-Jewish community of the late 1970s is recognizably the heir to that of the late 1940s—but it is also recognizably different. Demographic Decline One outstanding feature is a demographic decline, though it is only since the 1960s, when the Board of Deputies established a statistical and demographic unit —itself a sympton of unease—that the measure of decline can be ascertained. Whereas members of the community occupy leading positions in many spheres of the arts, sciences, and politics, demographers forecast that, in the foreseeable future, the Jewish population may fall to 225,000, compared with the 410,000 currently estimated.
    [Show full text]
  • Nazi Germany and the Jews, 1933-1945
    NAZI GERMANY AND THE JEWS, 1933–1945 ABRIDGED EDITION SAUL FRIEDLÄNDER Abridged by Orna Kenan To Una CONTENTS Foreword v Acknowledgments xiii Maps xv PART ONE : PERSECUTION (January 1933–August 1939) 1. Into the Third Reich: January 1933– December 1933 3 2. The Spirit of the Laws: January 1934– February 1936 32 3. Ideology and Card Index: March 1936– March 1938 61 4. Radicalization: March 1938–November 1938 87 5. A Broken Remnant: November 1938– September 1939 111 PART TWO : TERROR (September 1939–December 1941) 6. Poland Under German Rule: September 1939– April 1940 143 7. A New European Order: May 1940– December 1940 171 iv CONTENTS 8. A Tightening Noose: December 1940–June 1941 200 9. The Eastern Onslaught: June 1941– September 1941 229 10. The “Final Solution”: September 1941– December 1941 259 PART THREE : SHOAH (January 1942–May 1945) 11. Total Extermination: January 1942–June 1942 287 12. Total Extermination: July 1942–March 1943 316 13. Total Extermination: March 1943–October 1943 345 14. Total Extermination: Fall 1943–Spring 1944 374 15. The End: March 1944–May 1945 395 Notes 423 Selected Bibliography 449 Index 457 About the Author About the Abridger Other Books by Saul Friedlander Credits Cover Copyright About the Publisher FOREWORD his abridged edition of Saul Friedländer’s two volume his- Ttory of Nazi Germany and the Jews is not meant to replace the original. Ideally it should encourage its readers to turn to the full-fledged version with its wealth of details and interpre- tive nuances, which of necessity could not be rendered here.
    [Show full text]
  • Zou Moeten Doen. En Ook Zijn Houding Tegenover Het Liberalisme Is Soms Merkwaardig Ingewikkeld, Zoals We Trouwens Uit Zijn Brieven Aan Groen Al Wisten
    RECENSIES zou moeten doen. En ook zijn houding tegenover het liberalisme is soms merkwaardig ingewikkeld, zoals we trouwens uit zijn brieven aan Groen al wisten. Aan de ene kant be­ schouwde hij het Belgische en Franse liberalisme van die jaren als ondermijnend; hij meende echter ook dat 'men de woeste kracht der heerschende begrippen niet door tegen­ werking, maar door ze te regelen, meester zal worden' (zoals hij op 21 maart 1831 aan C. J. van Assen schreef: 140 en cf. 145). En hij liet zich niet meeslepen door de 'zelfver­ heffing der natie' tijdens de tiendaagse veldtocht waar hij, evenmin als Groen, heil in zag. Wat dit deel aantrekkelijk maakt naast de mogelijkheid om Thorbeckes lotgeval zo nauw­ keurig te volgen zijn twee dingen: ten eerste, de informatie die zijn correspondenten hem verschaffen, zoals zijn oudere vriend J. de Vos over de stemming in Amsterdam en zijn generatiegenoot Schimmelpenninck van der Oye over de houding van de Gelderse katho­ lieken in 1830 en 1831; ten tweede de emotionaliteit die ook nu weer zijn contacten met Duitse relaties bij hem losmaken. In het derde deel van het Thorbecke-Archief hadden we na 1828 geen levensteken meer aangetroffen van zijn opgewonden Dresdense vriendin (zijn latere schoonmoeder), mevrouw Solger. In Hooykaas' deel verschijnt ze weer in de zomer van 1831 maar pas uit 1833 is enige briefwisseling bewaard die de inleiding blijkt tot Thorbeckes zomerreis van dat jaar naar mevrouw Solger en haar dochters in Dresden en, op de terugweg, naar verschillende andere vrienden uit zijn Duitse periode. Mevrouw Solger en hij blijken trouw te zijn gebleven aan de geëxalteerde stijl die zij er ook in de vroege jaren twintig op na hielden.
    [Show full text]