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Живи Наследства Living Heritage

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Живи Наследства Living Heritage ЖИВИ НАСЛЕДСТВА LIVING HERITAGE © Регионален център за опазване на нематериалното културно наслед- ство в Югоизточна Европа под егидата на ЮНЕСКО – София, 2018 © Regional Centre for Safeguarding of the Intangible Cultural Heritage in South- Eastern Europe under the Auspices of UNESCO – Sofia, 2018 ЖИВИ НАСЛЕДСТВА Съдържание / Table of Contents Интервю с Ернесто Отоне. Помощник-генерален директор на ЮНЕСКО по въпросите на културата / Interview with Mr Ernesto Ottone Ramirez, Assistant Director-General for Culture of UNESCO Приветствие от Екатерина Захариева. Заместник министър-председател, Министър на външните работи на Република България / Message of Greetings, Ekaterina Zaharieva, Deputy Prime-minister, Minister of Foreign Affeirs Интервю с Боил Банов. Министър на културата на Република България / Interview with Boïl Banov, Minister of Cilture of the Republic of Bulgaria Ирена Тодорова. Изпълнителен директор на Регионалния център, София. Моята кауза: да опазим наследството си / Irena Todorova, Executive Director of the Sofia Regional Centre. My Cause: How to Safeguard Our Heritage Вежди Рашидов. Председател на Комисията по култура и медии в 44-то Народно събрание на Република България. Отговорната мисия на Регионалния център в София / Vezhdi Rashidov, Chairman of the Committee for Culture and the Media of the 44th National Assembly of the Republic of Bulgaria. The Responsible Mission of the Sofia Regional Centre Ирина Бокова. Генерален директор на ЮНЕСКО (2009-2017). Нематериалното културно наследство е душата на всеки народ / Irina Bokova, Director- General of UNESCO (2009-2017). The Intangible Cultural Heritage is the Soul of Every Nation 2 LIVING HERITAGE Петко Христов. Председател на Изпълнителния съвет на Регионалния център, София. Културното ни наследство в условията на пан-европейска мобилност / Petko Hristov, Chairman of the Executive Board of the Sofia Regional Centre. Our Cultural Heritage in Conditions of Pan-European Mobility Стоян Денчев. Член на Изпълнителния съвет на Регионалния център, София Мост за активно културно сътрудничество между държавите / Stoyan Denchev, Member of the Executive Board of the Sofia Regional Centre. A Bridge for Cultural Cooperation among Nations Бендис Пустина. Албания /Bendis Pustina. Albania Найра Киличян. Армения/ Naira Kilichyan. Armenia Божана Джузелович. Босна и Херцеговина (Република Сръбска) / Bozana Djuzelovic. Bosnia and Herzegovina (Republic of Srpska) Марина Тактакишвили. Грузия/ Marina Taktakishvili. Georgia Ставрула-Вили Фотопулу. Гърция/ Stavroula-Villy Fotopoulou. Greece Павлос Параскевас. Кипър/ Pavlos Paraskevas. Cyprus Мери Стоянова. Македония (БЮР) / Meri Stojanova. FYR Macedonia Андрей Прохин. Молдова / Andrei Prohin. Moldova Сабина Испас. Румъния / Sabina Ispas. Romania Бояна Рогели Шкафар. Словения/ Bojana Rogelj Škafar. Slovenia Даниела Филипович. Сърбия / Danijela Filipović. Serbia Йоджал Огуз. Турция / Öcal Oğuz. Turkey Олександр Буценко. Украйна / Oleksandr Butsenko. Ukraine Милица Николич. Черна гора / Milica Nikolić. Montenegro 3 ЖИВИ НАСЛЕДСТВА Интервю на Ернесто Отоне, Interview of Mr. Ernesto Ottone R., Помощник-генерален директор на Assistant Director-General for Culture of ЮНЕСКО по въпросите на културата UNESCO за Регионалния център за опазване на for the Regional Centre for the Safeguarding of нематериалното културно наследство в the Intangible Cultural Heritage in South- Eastern Югоизточна Европа – София, България Europe, Sofia, Bulgaria 20 ноември 2018 г. 20 November, 2018 4 LIVING HERITAGE Въпрос 1: Във връзка с повишената мо- Question 1: Considering the increasing mo- билност, миграцията и политическите кон- bility, migration and political conflicts of late, фликти в последно време, как бихте опреде- how would you define the meaning/importance лили значението/важността на културното of cultural heritage? наследство? Cultural heritage is a part of the human story Културното наследство е част от човеш- that is etched in our collective memory through ката история, която е отпечатана в нашата колективна памет във вид на замъци, храмове, castles, temples, bridges, factories, national parks, мостове, фабрики, национални паркове, рифове, reefs, wharfs and tombs across the planet at UNES- кейове и гробници, разпръснати по цялата плане- CO-protected sites. Yet intangible cultural heritage та като обекти, намиращи се под закрилата на – our living heritage – is equally as crucial in these ЮНЕСКО. Но нематериалното културно наслед- turbulent times. Localised traditions in a globalized ство – нашето живо наследство – е не по-малко world are reassuring; they root us to our past and ключово в тези размирни времена. Наличието на the ways of our ancestors. With the increase in локално дефинирани традиции в глобализирания migration, intangible heritage has greater signifi- свят е успокоително – те са корените, които ни cance for diaspora populations, reconnecting them свързват с миналото ни и с обичаите на наши- with their homeland through the smells of the local те предци. С увеличаването на миграцията, не- материалното наследство придобива по-голяма cuisine, the thrill of local sports and the spirituality значимост за популациите от диаспората, въз- of local rituals. становявайки връзката им с родината посред- ством миризмите на местната кухня, тръпка- As a result of this migration, our societies are та от местните спортове и духовността на becoming increasingly culturally diverse. This cul- местните ритуали. tural diversity is one of the major assets of our modern societies and we need to learn how to har- В резултат от тази миграция, общества- ness its full potential. Daily exchanges with people та стават все по-многообразни в културно от- of different backgrounds, with their stories, values ношение. Това културно многообразие е едно от and cultural practices, allow us to glimpse at all the главните достойнства на съвременните обще- ства и ние трябва да се научим как да оползотво- many extraordinary facets of our shared humani- ряваме пълния му потенциал. Ежедневното об- ty. This richness is part of the living heritage of in- щуване с хора от различен произход, с техните dividuals, groups and communities: it is more than истории, ценностни системи и културни прак- the sum of its individual parts. By drawing on such 5 ЖИВИ НАСЛЕДСТВА тики, ни позволява да надзърнем в множество- a wealth of experience, we can address new de- то невероятни проявления на нашето споделено velopment challenges, live more fulfilled lives and битуване като човешки същества. Това богат- build a more sustainable future ство е част от живото наследство на индивиди, групи и общности – то е нещо повече от сбора At the same time, intolerant discourse – includ- на съставящите го части. Като черпим от това ing xenophobia, racism and misogyny – is on the богатство от човешки опит, можем да се спра- rise, leading to a proliferation of violent extrem- вим с новите предизвикателства на развитие- ism. Cultural heritage – whether it be material or то, да живеем по-пълноценно и да изградим едно intangible – is the foundation of identity and be- по-устойчиво бъдеще. longing, which is why it is often a target for ex- Същевременно, нетолерантността в чо- tremists. UNESCO especially encourages all peo- вешките отношения – включваща ксенофобия, ple, particularly young people, to engage with their расизъм и мизогиния – се разраства, водейки до intangible cultural heritage, as well as that of oth- разпространение на съпроводен с насилие екс- ers. By feeling proud of their own heritage and re- тремизъм. Културното наследство – било то specting that which may seem different or foreign, материално или нематериално, е основата на they can stand up and reject extremist ideology идентичността и чувството ни за принадлеж- ност, тъкмо поради което често е обект на that pits groups against each other. Governments атаки от екстремистите. ЮНЕСКО целенасо- around the world, and in particular State Parties чено насърчава всички, особено младите хора, да to the UNESCO conventions in the field of culture, се ангажират с опазване както на собственото have a great responsibility to ensure that culture си, така и на чуждото културно наследство. Да can be enjoyed by all and passed down to the next се чувстват горди със своето наследство, но generation. и да зачитат онова, което може да ни се стру- ва несвойствено или чуждо - младите могат да Question 2: You could be described as ‘a citi- се изправят срещу екстремистката идеология, zen of the world’ – what are your priorities with която противопоставя една група хора на дру- a view to protecting, safeguarding and promot- га. На правителствата по света, и особено на ing cultural heritage? държавите-страни по конвенциите на ЮНЕСКО в областта на културата, се пада огромната One of the overall priorities of UNESCO is to nur- отговорност да осигурят запазването на кул- ture a culture of global citizenship for all 7 billion турата като всеобщо достояние и да осигурят нейното предаване на идните поколения. inhabitants of our world, a crucial task with current 6 LIVING HERITAGE Въпрос 2: Вие спокойно можете да бъдете demographic challenges and the rise of intolerant описан като „гражданин на света“. Какви са attitudes towards other cultures. I see the safe- Вашите приоритети по отношение на защи- guarding of intangible cultural heritage as a vital тата, опазването и популяризирането на кул- component in this formula. By continuing to prac- турното наследство? tice and transmit our heritage, we can develop sus- Един от приоритетите на ЮНЕСКО като tainable ways of living together
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