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Excavations at the Budapest History Museum 21 2015

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Excavations at the Budapest History Museum 21 2015 2211 Aquincumi füzetek 21 füzetek Aquincumi BTM Aquincumi Múzeum 2015 AAqfuz_21_borito.inddqfuz_21_borito.indd 1 22015.12.11.015.12.11. 114:13:594:13:59 5 5 5 5 5 5 4 1 5 5 2 3 5 5 5 5 5 18 18 18 14 15 16 7 8 18 10 9 6 11 17 12 13 19 AAqfuz_21_borito.inddqfuz_21_borito.indd 2 22015.12.11.015.12.11. 114:14:004:14:00 A Budapesti Történeti Múzeum ásatásai 2014-ben Excavations at the Budapest History Museum in 2014 Budapesti Történeti Múzeum Aquincumi Múzeum Aquincumi füzetek 15. szám AQUINCUMI FÜZETEK 21 A Budapesti Történeti Múzeum ásatásai 2014-ben Excavations at the Budapest History Museum in 2014 Budapest, 2015 Szerkesztő: Edited by: Zsidi Paula, Vámos Péter Paula Zsidi, Péter Vámos Fordítás: Translation by: Mérai Dóra, Alice M. Choyke Dóra Mérai, Alice M. Choyke Tárgyfotók: Object photos by: Komjáthy Péter, Tóth Csilla Péter Komjáthy, Csilla Tóth A külső borítón elöl: Front cover: Diploma töredéke az aquincumi Fragment of a military discharge polgárváros nyugati feléből document from the western part of the Aquincum Civil Town A külső borítón hátul: Back cover: Késő római erőd részlete a Belvárosi Part of the late Roman fort during the plébániatemplomban végzett feltáráson excavation conducted inside the Inner City Parish Church A belső borítón elöl: Inside front cover: A 2014-ben végzett megelőző Locations of preventive feltárások helyszínei excavations conducted in 2014 A belső borítón hátul: Inside back cover: A 2014-ben végzett kisebb Locations of small-scale feltárások helyszínei excavations conducted in 2014 ISSN 1219-9427 (Nyomtatott) ISSN 2061-2389 (Online) Budapesti Történeti Múzeum, 2015 Felelős kiadó: Dr. Farbaky Péter főigazgató Budapest Historical Museum, 2015 Editor-in-chief: Dr. Péter Farbaky, Director Tartalom Contents Régészeti feltárások Budapest területén Archaeological excavations in the territory 2014‑ben (Zsidi Paula) . 7 of Budapest in 2014 (Paula Zsidi) . 7 A Budapesti Történeti Múzeum Recent data to the chronological‑ által végzett kronológiai-topográfiai topographic investigations conducted by kutatásokhoz kapcsolódó új adatok . 15 the Budapest History Museum . 15 A 2014-ben végzett nagyobb megelőző Sites of the larger preventive excavations feltárások helyszínei . 18 conducted in 2014 . 18 Új eredmények az aquincumi polgárváros New Data on the central area of the Civil belterületének kutatásában: az Town in Aquincum: The reconstruction of esztergomi vasút felújítása II . the Budapest–Esztergom Railway Line, II (Láng Orsolya – Lassányi Gábor) . 19 (Orsolya Láng – Gábor Lassányi) . 19 Előzetes jelentés az aquincumi Preliminary report on the non-invasive, polgárváros területén folytatott instrumental survey, excavation and műszeres leletkutatásról, ásatásról és archaeological site protection works in the lelőhelyvédelmi munkákról territory of the Civil Town in Aquincum (Lassányi Gábor – Zsidi Paula) . 32 (Gábor Lassányi – Paula Zsidi) . 32 Peltamintás arany fülbevaló Aquincumból Gold earring with a pelta motif from (R. Facsády Annamária) . 51 Aquincum (Annamária R. Facsády) . 51 A 2014 . évi régészeti feltárások Budapest Archaeological excavations in 2014 in III. kerület, Csúcshegy–Harsánylejtőn Budapest III, Csúcshegy–Harsánylejtő (Szilas Gábor) . 58 (Gábor Szilas) . 58 Topográfiai kutatások az aquincumi Topographic research in the catchment településkomplexum vonzáskörzetében area of the settlement complex of (Budai Balogh Tibor) . 74 Aquincum (Tibor Budai Balogh) . 74 Újabb feltárások a Március 15 . téri New excavations in the territory of the késő római erőd területén late Roman fort on Március 15 Square (Beszédes József) . 108 (József Beszédes) . 108 A Budapesti Történeti Múzeum Abbreviations . 147 kisebb feltárásainak helyszínei és eredményei a 2014 . évben . 119 Participants in the excavations in 2014 . 148 Rövidítésjegyzék . 147 Employers and patrons of the most A 2014. évi feltárások közreműködői . 148 important excavations in 2014 . 149 A 2014. évi jelentősebb feltárások Publications by the Archaeology megbízói és támogatói . 149 Departments of the Budapest History Museum in 2014 . 150 A Budapesti Történeti Múzeum régészeti osztályainak 2014‑ben megjelent publikációi . 150 Régészeti feltárások Archaeological excavations Budapest területén in the territory of Budapest 2014‑ben in 2014 A Budapesti Történeti Múzeum 2014- The Budapest History Museum con- ben is a korábbi szervezeti keretek között ducted work connected to the protection végezte a főváros régészeti örökségvédel- of archaeological heritage in the capital mének munkáit. Míg a belső intézményi within the established organizational struktúra és örökségvédelmi rendszer framework in 2014 as well. While the in- változatlan maradt, számos jogszabályi ner institutional structure and heritage változás módosította a régészeti feladat- protection system remained unchanged, ellátás körülményeit. Módosult a kultu- a number of legislative changes modified rális örökség védelméről szóló 2001. évi the circumstances of the archaeological LXIV. törvény, a régészeti örökségvéde- service. Act No. LXIV of 2001 on the Pro- lem a Belügyminisztériumtól átkerült tection of Cultural Heritage was modified a Miniszterelnökséget vezető miniszter and control over archaeological heritage fennhatósága alá. A jogszabályok alapján protection was moved from the Ministry változott a nagyberuházások fogalma. of Interior Affairs to the Minister of the Ezután minden 500 millió Ft feletti be- Prime Minister’s Office. Based on this ruházás nagyberuházásnak minősül. Az legislation, the definition of large scale ezeket megelőző előzetes régészeti do- developments was modified. From now on kumentációk készítése a Miniszterelnök- each investment that exceeds 500 million séghez tartozó Forster Központ feladata, Hungarian forints counts as a large scale a próbafeltárással együtt, amelybe a terü- development. Preparing the preliminary letileg illetékes múzeumot – így a főváros archaeological documentation prior to területén a Budapesti Történeti Múze- large scale developments is the task of the umot – is bevonhatják. További jelentős Forster Gyula National Centre for Cul- változást jelent az, hogy a nagyberuházá- tural Heritage Management that belongs sokhoz kapcsolódó régészeti feltárásokat to the Prime Minister’s Office as do trial csak akkreditált, feltárási jogosultsággal excavations, into which the territorially rendelkező intézmények végezhetnek, competent museum can also be involved. alvállalkozóként bevonhatnak ugyancsak In this case, the museum is the Budapest akkreditált szervezeteket (gazdasági szer- History Museum within the territory of vezeteket). Az akkreditációra vonatkozó the capital. According to another signifi- részletes jogszabály a 2014. évben még cant change, archaeological excavations nem jelent meg, de intézményünk meg- connected to large scale developments 7 kezdte a felkészülést a feladatra. Ugyan- can only be carried out by accredited in- csak gyökeres változást jelent a négy- stitutions with an excavation license, and zetméter alapú hatósági ár bevezetése a they can also involve accredited organiza- régészeti feltárások finanszírozása tekin- tions (economic organizations) as sub- tetében. A fővárosi feltárások esetében, contractors. The detailed legislation on ahol legtöbbször a történeti városmagok the accreditation has not yet been issued területén folynak a munkák, több réteg- in 2014 but our institution has started ben és nagy mélységben, a négyzetméter to prepare for the task. The introduction ár gyakorlatilag tervezhetetlen. of official prices based on square meters A jogszabályi változásokkal szigorod- connected to the financing of archaeo- tak a dokumentációs és leletfeldolgozási logical excavations reflects another radical kötelezettségek is, amelyek hiányosságai change. In the case of excavations within az intézmény akkreditációjának (egyes the capital where in most cases the work régészeti feladatellátásra vonatkozó jo- is carried out in the area of historical town gosítványainak) visszavonásával járhat- centers through several layers and down to nak. Éppen ezért nagyon fontos, hogy a significant depths, it is practically impos- terepi munkát követő feladatokra átvett sible to calculate using a price based on pénzeszközök – a korábbi időszaknak square meters. megfelelően – a kellő időben (a feltárást Legislative changes brought restrictions követően legalább két éven keresztül) in the obligations concerning the docu- rendelkezésre álljanak, hogy a jogszabályi mentation and find processing as well. kötelezettséget a BTM teljesíthesse. Ezt Incompletion of these can result in the a fenntartó által a 2014. évtől bevezetett withdrawal of the institution’s accredita- kiskincstári rend (új gazdálkodási szabá- tion (licenses for certain archaeological lyozás) a régészeti feladatok ellátására services). This is why it is especially im- átvett pénzeszközök felhasználása tekin- portant to get timely access (and at least tetében kérdésessé teszi. for two years after the excavation) to the A 2014. évben a régészeti feltárások funds to be used for the tasks following száma tovább nőtt a megelőző évekhez the fieldwork, similarly to the preceding képest. A BTM régészei 11 megelőző és period, so that the BHM can fulfil its 3 próbafeltáráson vettek részt. Kima- legal obligations. The prompt access to gasló volt a régészeti megfigyelések szá- monetary resources for post-excavation ar- ma, több mint 300 helyszínen adtunk chaeological tasks is made problematic by szakfelügyeletet kivitelezési munkákhoz. the small treasury order (a new economic Ez a nagy
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