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Los Orãłgenes Del Misterio De Elche Marian Library Studies Volume 9 Article 4 1977 Los Orígenes del Misterio de Elche Gonzalo Gironés Follow this and additional works at: http://ecommons.udayton.edu/ml_studies Recommended Citation Gironés, Gonzalo (1977) "Los Orígenes del Misterio de Elche," Marian Library Studies: Vol. 9, Article 4, Pages 19-188. Available at: http://ecommons.udayton.edu/ml_studies/vol9/iss1/4 This Article is brought to you for free and open access by the Marian Library Publications at eCommons. It has been accepted for inclusion in Marian Library Studies by an authorized administrator of eCommons. For more information, please contact [email protected]. GONZALO GIRONES LOS ORIGENES DEL MISTERIO DE ELCHE ,.. /" !. PRESENTACION PRELIMINAR La Fiesta actual de Elche (Texto tornado de la introducci6n de G. SoLER CHAC6N en Lo Misteri d'Elig, p. 3-5) El Misterio de Elche, joya creada en honor y homenaje a la Asunci6n de Nuestra Senora, es el drama sacrolirico rna s antiguo que se conoce en el mundo. Se representa tradicionalmente desde el siglo XIII, los dias 14 y 15 de Agosto, en la Arciprestal Basilica de Santa Maria ... [Elche, cerca de Valencia]. La musica, bellisima y original, segun el maestro Turina, presenta tres caracteres bien definidos: trozos a una sola voz, que deben ser los primitivos, lamentaciones ornadas de melismos orientales; otros trozos, modelos de musica polif6nica, en el estilo del siglo XVI, a tres y cuatro voces, y por ultimo, trozos fugados, de gran efecto, con ritmo persistente de 'arpa y guitarras. Se conocen los nombres de los autores de algunos fragmentos: el Canonge Perez, maestro de Capilla de Valencia, Antonio de Ribera, cantor de la Capilla Pontificia y Luis Vich, presbitero, maestro de Capilla de Elche en 1585. Hasta la segunda mitad del siglo XIX esta magnifica obra s6lo alcanz6 resonancia regional; desde aquella fecha principi6 a Hamar la atenci6n de los mas destacados artistas, que le dedicaron elogiosos estudios, sefialando la necesidad de mejorar y pulir .su representaci6n, restaurandola en su be­ lleza original . En 1931 el Gobierno declar6 la Festa de Elche monumento nacional. El Patronato del Misterio de Elche ha realizado una magnifica labor de mejoramiento de esta joya musical, en todos los aspectos, logrando que su fama alcance resonancias mundiales ... 21 El misterio de Elche TEXTO ACTUAL DIA PRIMERO La Virgen auanza lentamente deteniendose a los pocos pasos para cantar la copla siguiente: Lemosino Castellano Germanes mies, yo voldria Hermanas mias, yo querria fer «;erta petiti6 aquest dia hacer cierta petici6n en este dia: pregvos nom vullau deixar ruegoos no me quer:iis dejar puix tant me mostrau amar. pues tanto me mostrais amar. Contestan las Marias: Verge e Mare de Deu Virgen y Madre de Dios, on vos voldreu anar donde vos querais marchar vos irem a acompaiiar. os iremos a acompaiiar. Arrodillada la Virgen {rente a(Altar Mayor canta: Ay trista vida corporal . tAy, triste vida corporal! o mon cruel tan desigual tOh, mundo cruel tan desigual I trista de mi yo que fare tTriste de mi I yo 1,que hare? lo meu car Fill quant lo veure. A mi amado Hijo, ~,cuando lo vere? Inicia de nuevo su marcha y la Virgen se arrodilla {rente al Huerto de Getsemanl y canta: 0 sant verger Getsemani tOh, santo verge! Getsemani, on fonch pres lo Seiior aqui donde fue preso el Seiior, aqui I en tu fimi tracte cruel En ti se dio trato cruel contra! Seiior de Israel. contra el Seiior de Israel. La Virgen arrodillada {rente al retablo del Caluario, canta: 0 arbre sant digne .de onor tOh, arbol santo digno de honor, car sobre tots es lo millor que es, sobre todos, el mejor I en tu volgue sanch escampar En ti quiso sangre derramar, aquell qui lo mon volgue salvar. aquel que el mundo quiso salvar. 22 Presentaci6n preliminar Ante el retablo del Santo Sepulcro, Maria canta: 0 sant sepulcre virtu6s JOb, santo sepulcro virtuos~, en dignitat molt valer6s en dignidad muy valeroso I puix en tu estigue y repossa pues en ti estuvo y repos6 aquell qui eel e mon crea. aquel que Cielo y mundo cre6. Dirigese el cortejo al cadafal o escenario central, donde la Virgen canta: Gran desig me a vengut al cor Gran deseo me ha venido al coraz6n del meu car Fill pie de amor de mi caro Hijo, lleno de amor tan gran que no u podria dir tan grande que no lo podria decir on per remey desig morir. y donde, por remedio, deseo morir. Abrese la puerta del cielo, comenzando el descenso de la Mangrana o Granada con el Angel Mayor, que porta una palma dorada en su diestra y canta: Deu vos salve Verge imperial tDios os salve, Virgen imperial, Mare del Rey celestial. Madre del Rey celestial! Yo us port saluts e salvament Yo os traigo saludos y salvaci6n del vostre Fill omnipotent. de vuestro Hijo omnipotente. La vostre Fill qui tant amau Vuestro Hijo, que tanto amais e ab gran goig lo desijau y con gran gozo lo deseais, Ell vos espera ab gran amor El os espera con gran amor per ensalsarvos en onor. para ensalzaros en honor. E diu que alters jorn sens duptar Y dice que al tercer dia, sin dudar, Ell ab si eus vbl apellar El por si os quiere nombrar, alt en lo regne celestial arriba, en el reino celestial, per Regina angelical. por Reina angelical. E manam que us la portas Y me manda que os traiga aquesta palma y eus la donas esta palma y os la entregue que us la fassau davant portar para que la hagais delante llevar quant vos porten a soterrar. cuando os lleven a enterrar. El Angel arrodilldndose ante la Virgen, besa la palma, la pone un ins­ tante sabre su {rente y la entrega a la Virgen, que la recibe y canta: Angel plaent e illumin6s Angel placentero y luminoso, si gratia trob yo davant vos si gracia encuentro yo ante vos, un d6 vos vull demanar un don os quiero solicitar, pregvos no mel vullau negar. ruegoos no me lo querais negar 23 El misterio de Elche Ab mon ser si possible es Con mi ser, si posible es, ans de la mia fi yo ves antes de mi fin yo quiero los Apostols assi justar los Ap6stoles aqui juntar per lo meu cos assoterrar. para mi cuerpo enterrar. Vuelve el Angel a la Granada que inicia su ascenso y canta: Los Apostols assi seran Los .. Ap6stoles aqui estaran y tots ab brevetat vindran y todos con brevedad vendran car Deu qui. es omnipotent porque Dios, que es omnipotente. los portara sobtossament. los traera rapidamente. E puix Verge o demanau Y, pues, Virgen lo solicitais, lo etern Deu diu que li piau el eterno Dios dice que le place que sien assi sens dilati6 que esten aqui sin dilaci6n per vostra consolati6. para vuestra consolaci6n. Cuando la Granada desaparece, el Apostol San Juan canta: Saluts, honor e salvament 1 Saludos, honor y salvaci6n sia a vos Mare excelent sea con vos, Madre excelente I e lo Senor qui es del tro Y el Senor que es del trueno vos done consolati6. os proporcione consuelo. A la salutacion de San Juan, responde la Virgen: Ay fill Joan e amich meu 1Ay, hijo Juan y amigo mio, conforteus lo ver Fill de Deu consueleos el verdadero Hijo de [Dios I car lo meu cor es molt plaent Porque mi coraz6n esta muy con- [tento del vostre b6n adveniment. de vuestro buen advenimiento. Entrega luego la palma al Apostol y canta: Ay fill Joan si a vos piau 1Ay, hijo Juan I si os complace aquesta palma vos prengau esta palma vos tomad y l'am fassau davant portar y hacedla delante llevar quant me porten a soterrar. cuando me lleven a enterrar. San Juan responde: Ay trista vida corporal 1Ay, triste vida corporal! 0 mon cruel tan desigual 10h, mundo cruel, tan desiguall o trist de mi y on ire 10h, triste de mi I 1,Ad6nde ire? o llans mesqui, yo que fare. 10 h, lance mezquino I Yo, l. que hare? 24 Presentaci6n preliminar Dirigiendose ahara a la Virgen, canta: 0 Verge Reina imperial 10h, Virgen Reina imperial, Mare del Rey celestial Madre del Rey celestial I com nos deixau ab gran dolor 1C6mo nos dejais, con gran dolor, sens nengun cap ne regidor. sin ninguna cabeza ni regidor I Vuelvese San Juan hacia el andador, y canta: 0 Apostols e germans meus 10h, Ap6stoles y hermanos mios veniu plorem ab tristes veus venid, lloremos con tristes voces I car hui perdem tot nostre be Porque hoy perdemos todo nuestro bien, lo clar govern de nostra fe. el claro gobierno de nuestra fe. Volviendo de nuevo hacia el lecho canta: Sens vos Senora que farem Sin vos, Senora, 1,que haremos? e ab qui ens aconsolarem 1,Con quien nos consolaremos? de ulls e de cor devem plorar 1De ojos y de coraz6n debemos llorar mentres viurem, e sospirar. mientras vivamos, y suspirar I Entra San Pedro, asciende hasta el cadafal y tras humillarse ante Maria y abrazar a San Juan, canta: Verge humil flor de onor Virgen, humilde flor de honor. Mare de nostre Redemptor Madre de nuestro Redentor: saluts, onor e salvament 1Saludos, honor y salvaci6n vos done Deu omnipotent. os de Dios omnipotente I •· Entran seis Ap6stoles que van ocupando sus puestos en torno al lecho de Marta. Otros ires Ap6stoles-uno de ellos Santiago el Mayor, con hdbito de peregrino-penetran en la iglesia, uno par cada puerta donde, abrazdn­ dose extraiiados par su misteriosa reunion, cantan el siguiente ternario: 0 poder del alt imperi 10h, poder del alto imperio, Senor de tots los creats Senor de todos los creados, cert es aquest gran misteri cierto es este gran misterio ser assi tots ajustats.
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