DOCSLIB.ORG

IP Athos Renewable Energy Project Environmental Assessment

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
IP Athos Renewable Energy Project Environmental Assessment United States Department of the Interior Bureau of Land Management IP Athos LLC’s Athos Renewable Energy Project Environmental Assessment October 2019 CACA-57730 Publication Index #: DOI-BLM-CA-D060-2019-0016-EA U.S. DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR BUREAU OF LAND MANAGEMENT PALM SPRINGS-SOUTH COAST FIELD OFFICE Environmental Assessment EA Number: DOI-BLM-CA-D060-2019-0016-EA Case File: CACA 57730 Title/Proposed Action Type: IP Athos Renewable Energy Project Generation-Tie Line Applicant/Proponent: IP Athos, LLC Location of Proposed Action: Riverside County, California USGS Topographic Maps: East of Victory Pass, Corn Spring, & Sidewinder Well October 2019 IP Athos Renewable Energy Project Generation-Tie Line CONTENTS Contents Chapter 1: Introduction ......................................................................................................................................................................1-1 1.1 Introduction .............................................................................................................................................................................................1-1 1.2 Purpose and Need ...........................................................................................................................................................................1-1 1.3 Land Use Conformance Statement ..................................................................................................................................1-2 1.4 Relationship to Laws, Regulations, and Other Plans ........................................................................................1-3 1.5 Internal and External Scoping and Issues Statements ....................................................................................1-3 Chapter 2: Proposed Action and Alternatives ......................................................................................................2-1 2.1 Alternative 1: Proposed Action..............................................................................................................................................2-1 2.2 Alternative 2: Gen-Tie Segment #1 Alternative Route Option ..................................................................2-5 2.3 Alternative 3: No Action Alternative ..................................................................................................................................2-5 2.4 Alternatives Considered but Eliminated from Detailed Analysis .............................................................2-5 2.5 Applicant Proposed Measures and DRECP CMAs ............................................................................................2-6 Chapter 3: Affected Environment and Environmental Effects of Action ............................3-1 3.1 Introduction .............................................................................................................................................................................................3-1 3.2 Air Resources ................................................................................................................................................................................... 3-12 3.3 Cultural Resources ...................................................................................................................................................................... 3-14 3.4 Environmental Justice............................................................................................................................................................... 3-21 3.5 Geology and Soils ........................................................................................................................................................................ 3-24 3.6 Global Climate Change ........................................................................................................................................................... 3-27 3.7 Lands and Realty .......................................................................................................................................................................... 3-29 3.8 Noise ........................................................................................................................................................................................................ 3-31 3.9 Paleontological Resources ................................................................................................................................................... 3-33 3.10 Public Health and Safety ........................................................................................................................................................ 3-36 3.11 Recreation ........................................................................................................................................................................................... 3-39 3.12 Social and Economic Resources .................................................................................................................................... 3-42 3.13 Special Designations ................................................................................................................................................................. 3-44 3.14 Travel and Transportation ..................................................................................................................................................... 3-46 3.15 Vegetation and Wildlife Resources ............................................................................................................................... 3-49 3.16 Visual Resources .......................................................................................................................................................................... 3-54 3.17 Water Resources .......................................................................................................................................................................... 3-58 3.18 Wetland/Riparian Areas .......................................................................................................................................................... 3-61 3.19 Wildland Fire Ecology ............................................................................................................................................................... 3-63 Tables Table 2-1 APMs for the Athos Gen-Tie Project ..........................................................................................................2-6 Table 3.1-1 Past and Present Projects or Programs in the Proposed Action Area .........................3-5 Table 3.1-2 Probable Future Projects in the Proposed Action Area .............................................................3-8 Table 3.2-1 Proposed Solar Facility and Gen-Tie Line Maximum Daily Construction Emissions ....................................................................................................................................................................... 3-13 Table 3.3-1 Cultural Resources Within the Direct APE Determined Eligible for the NRHP ..... 3-16 Table 3.4-1 Racial Characteristics and Poverty Status ........................................................................................ 3-22 Table 3.9-1 Distribution of Paleontological Sensitivity Throughout the Proposed Action Area ..................................................................................................................................................................................... 3-34 Table 3.11-1 Recreation Areas and Special Designations with Recreational Opportunities ...... 3-39 Table 3.12-1 Socioeconomic Characteristics ................................................................................................................... 3-42 October 2019 i Environmental Assessment IP Athos Renewable Energy Project Generation-Tie Line CONTENTS Figures Figure 1-1 Project Vicinity Figure 1-2 DRECP Context Figure 2-1 Athos Solar and Athos Gen-Tie Project Figure 2-2 Proposed Gen-Tie Lines on BLM-Administered Land Figure 2-3 Typical 220 kV Gen-Tie Line Structures Figure 2-4 Typical 34.5 kV Medium Voltage Line Structures Figure 2-5 Gen-Tie Segment #1 Alternative Route Option Figure 3.1-1 Cumulative Projects Figure 3.9-1 Paleontological Sensitivity in the Project Area Figure 3.11-1 BLM Open Routes in Athos Renewable Energy Project Area Appendices Appendix A Acronyms and Abbreviations Appendix B Consultation and Coordination Appendix C List of Preparers and Contractors Appendix D Maps and Figures Appendix E References Appendix F Plan of Development Appendix G Regulatory Framework Appendix H Mitigation Measures and CMAs Appendix I CEQA Scoping Summary Report Appendix J Indirect Effects October 2019 ii Environmental Assessment IP Athos Renewable Energy Project Generation-Tie Line CHAPTER 1: INTRODUCTION Chapter 1: Introduction 1.1 Introduction The Bureau of Land Management (BLM) has prepared this Environmental Assessment (EA) pursuant to the National Environmental Policy Act of 1969 (NEPA, 42 U.S.C. Section 4321), Council on Environmental Quality (CEQ) regulations (40 Code of Federal Regulations [CFR] Parts 1500–1508), and BLM NEPA Handbook H-1790-1. This EA evaluates the environmental effects of constructing, operating, maintaining, and decommissioning a proposed 34.5 kilovolt (kV) and/or 220 kV single-circuit generation interconnection (gen-tie) transmission line across land administered by the
Load more

Recommended publications
  • United States Air Force and Its Antecedents Published and Printed Unit Histories
    UNITED STATES AIR FORCE AND ITS ANTECEDENTS PUBLISHED AND PRINTED UNIT HISTORIES A BIBLIOGRAPHY EXPANDED & REVISED EDITION compiled by James T. Controvich January 2001 TABLE OF CONTENTS CHAPTERS User's Guide................................................................................................................................1 I. Named Commands .......................................................................................................................4 II. Numbered Air Forces ................................................................................................................ 20 III. Numbered Commands .............................................................................................................. 41 IV. Air Divisions ............................................................................................................................. 45 V. Wings ........................................................................................................................................ 49 VI. Groups ..................................................................................................................................... 69 VII. Squadrons..............................................................................................................................122 VIII. Aviation Engineers................................................................................................................ 179 IX. Womens Army Corps............................................................................................................
    [Show full text]
  • Countywide Airspace Usage
    A PPENDIX I Countywide Airspace Usage Riverside County is within one of the busiest and most complex sections of airspace in the United States, handling over 4.3 million operations annually. To better understand the magnitude of these op- erations and complexities of this system, Map 1 depicts Instrument Flight Rule (IFR) operations for the six busiest airports in the area for a 24-hour period on January 26, 1996. This exhibit does not depict operations from the 14 airports in Riverside County Airport Land Use Compatibility Plan update. AIRSPACE STRUCTURE Since the advent of aviation, nations have established procedures within their boundaries to regulate the use of airspace. Airspace is broadly classified as either “controlled” or “uncontrolled” in the United States. The difference between the two categories relates primarily to requirements for pilot qualifica- tions, ground-to-air communications, navigation and traffic services, and weather conditions. Six classes of airspace have been designated in the United States. Airspace designated as Class A, B, C, D, or E is considered controlled airspace. Aircraft operating within controlled airspace are subject to vary- ing requirements for positive air traffic control. The airspace in Riverside County, as illustrated on Map 2, is constantly occupied by aircraft arriving and departing from other airports in the region. Frequently, overflights experienced in communities near Riverside County airports are not the result of operations at nearby airports, but from aircraft us- ing airports outside Riverside County. After the preparation of this plan, additional approaches have been established for aircraft arriving at Los Angeles International Airport. These new approaches were not included as part of the map development process for this plan.
    [Show full text]
  • 9/11 Report”), July 2, 2004, Pp
    Final FM.1pp 7/17/04 5:25 PM Page i THE 9/11 COMMISSION REPORT Final FM.1pp 7/17/04 5:25 PM Page v CONTENTS List of Illustrations and Tables ix Member List xi Staff List xiii–xiv Preface xv 1. “WE HAVE SOME PLANES” 1 1.1 Inside the Four Flights 1 1.2 Improvising a Homeland Defense 14 1.3 National Crisis Management 35 2. THE FOUNDATION OF THE NEW TERRORISM 47 2.1 A Declaration of War 47 2.2 Bin Ladin’s Appeal in the Islamic World 48 2.3 The Rise of Bin Ladin and al Qaeda (1988–1992) 55 2.4 Building an Organization, Declaring War on the United States (1992–1996) 59 2.5 Al Qaeda’s Renewal in Afghanistan (1996–1998) 63 3. COUNTERTERRORISM EVOLVES 71 3.1 From the Old Terrorism to the New: The First World Trade Center Bombing 71 3.2 Adaptation—and Nonadaptation— ...in the Law Enforcement Community 73 3.3 . and in the Federal Aviation Administration 82 3.4 . and in the Intelligence Community 86 v Final FM.1pp 7/17/04 5:25 PM Page vi 3.5 . and in the State Department and the Defense Department 93 3.6 . and in the White House 98 3.7 . and in the Congress 102 4. RESPONSES TO AL QAEDA’S INITIAL ASSAULTS 108 4.1 Before the Bombings in Kenya and Tanzania 108 4.2 Crisis:August 1998 115 4.3 Diplomacy 121 4.4 Covert Action 126 4.5 Searching for Fresh Options 134 5.
    [Show full text]
  • Eagle Mountain Pumped Storage Project Draft License Application Exhibit E, Volume 1, Public Information Palm Desert, California
    Eagle Mountain Pumped Storage Project Draft License Application Exhibit E, Volume 1, Public Information Palm Desert, California Submitted to: Federal Energy Regulatory Commission Submitted by: Eagle Crest Energy Company Date: June 16, 2008 Project No. 080470 ©2008 Eagle Crest Energy DRAFT LICENSE APPLICATION- EXHIBIT E Table of Contents 1 General Description 1-1 1.1 Project Description 1-1 1.2 Project Area 1-2 1.2.1 Existing Land Use 1-4 1.3 Compatibility with Landfill Project 1-5 1.3.1 Land Exchange 1-5 1.3.2 Landfill Operations 1-6 1.3.3 Landfill Permitting 1-6 1.3.4 Compatibility of Specific Features 1-7 1.3.4.1 Potential Seepage Issues 1-8 1.3.4.2 Ancillary Facilities Interferences 1-9 2 Water Use and Quality 2-1 2.1 Surface Waters 2-1 2.1.1 Instream Flow Uses of Streams 2-1 2.1.2 Water quality of surface water 2-1 2.1.3 Existing lakes and reservoirs 2-1 2.1.4 Impacts of Construction and Operation 2-1 2.1.5 Measures recommended by Federal and state agencies to protect surface water 2-1 2.2 Description of Existing Groundwater 2-1 2.2.1 Springs and Wells 2-3 2.2.2 Water Bearing Formations 2-3 2.2.3 Hydraulic Characteristics 2-4 2.2.4 Groundwater Levels 2-5 2.2.5 Groundwater Flow Direction 2-6 2.2.6 Groundwater Storage 2-7 2.2.7 Groundwater Pumping 2-7 2.2.8 Recharge Sources 2-8 2.2.9 Outflow 2-9 2.2.10 Perennial Yield 2-9 2.3 Potential Impacts to Groundwater Supply 2-9 2.3.1 Proposed Project Water Supply 2-9 2.3.2 Perennial Yield 2-10 2.3.3 Regional Groundwater Level Effects 2-12 2.3.4 Local Groundwater Level Effects 2-15 2.3.5 Groundwater
    [Show full text]
  • Edina Veterans Memorial a Lasting Tribute
    EDINA VETERANS MEMORIAL A LASTING TRIBUTE EDINA, MINNESOTA 2015 [REVISED 2018] EDINA VETERANS MEMORIAL A LASTING TRIBUTE REMEMBERING THE COMMITMENT AND SACRIFICES OF THOSE WHO HAVE SERVED – AND THE FAMILIES AND COMMUNITY THAT SUPPORTED THEM APPRECIATING THE COMMITMENT AND SACRIFICES OF THOSE WHO ARE SERVING AND THOSE WHO WILL SERVE – AND THE FAMILIES AND COMMUNITY THAT SUPPORT THEM Researched and Written by Marshall Schwartz This document was prepared as part of the Edina, Minnesota Veterans Memorial Project. Copyright © 2017 by the Edina Historical Society. All rights reserved by the Edina Historical Society. PREAMBLE The Edina Veterans Memorial was still a work in progress when “Edina Veterans Memorial – A Companion Reader” was released in 2012. This new account, “Edina Veterans Memorial – A Lasting Tribute”, extends past the celebratory memorial envisioned in 2012, to the lasting memorial that now stands so serenely amidst the trees in Utley Park. EDINA’S LEGACY OF PATRIOTIC SERVICE Patriotic service and community support for men and women in uniform are deeply imbedded into the fabric of Edina’s rich history. Thousands of its citizens have honorably served in the Army, Navy, Marines, Coast Guard, Air Force or wartime Merchant Marine over the years. They did not do so alone. Behind each son or daughter in uniform were a loving family, caring friends, and a grateful community. Attracted by the excellent schools, parks, and other quality-of-life attributes, many other veterans took up residence – and continue to do so – in Edina after having served. Data derived from the most recent (2010) U.S. Census shows nearly one in seven (13.9%) of Edina’s adult men and women residents at that time had served in the military.
    [Show full text]
  • And Victory Pass (DOI-BLM-CA-D060-2020-0010-EIS) Solar Projects
    DESERT TORTOISE COUNCIL 4654 East Avenue S #257B Palmdale, California 93552 www.deserttortoise.org [email protected] Via email only 31 October 2020 Ms. Miriam Liberatore Ms. Michelle Van Der Linden Ms. Magdalena Rodriguez Bureau of Land Management Bureau of Land Management CA Department of Fish and Wildlife 3040 Biddle Road 22835 Calle San Juan De Los Lagos 3602 Inland Empire Blvd, C220 Medford, OR 97504 Moreno Valley, CA 92553 Ontario, CA 91764 [email protected] [email protected] [email protected] RE: Scoping Comments for Arica Solar (DOI-BLM-CA-D060-2020-0009-EIS) and Victory Pass (DOI-BLM-CA-D060-2020-0010-EIS) Solar Projects Dear Ms. Liberatore, Van Der Linden, and Rodriguez, The Desert Tortoise Council (Council) is a non-profit organization comprised of hundreds of professionals and laypersons who share a common concern for wild desert tortoises and a commitment to advancing the public’s understanding of desert tortoise species. Established in 1975 to promote conservation of tortoises in the deserts of the southwestern United States and Mexico, the Council routinely provides information and other forms of assistance to individuals, organizations, and regulatory agencies on matters potentially affecting desert tortoises within their geographic ranges. We appreciate this opportunity to provide comments on the above-referenced project. Given the location of the proposed project in habitats potentially occupied by Mojave desert tortoise (Gopherus agassizii) (synonymous with “Agassiz’s desert tortoise”), our comments pertain to enhancing protection of this species during activities authorized by the Bureau of Land Management (BLM) and California Department of Fish and Wildlife (CDFW).
    [Show full text]
  • Business Incentive Zones
    COUNTY OF RIVERSIDE BUSINESS RESOURCE GUIDE Economic Development Agency 6F Business Incentive Zones Riverside County California Business Incentive Zones Riverside County is a strategic location for business because of the many incentive zones throughout the county, the diverse and accessible transportation network and the high quality of life. Businesses can profit from advantageous tax-credit and rebate incentives and low-interest loans offered in Riverside County's five redevelopment project areas, a State Enterprise Zone and two Recycling Market Development Zones. The reasonable cost of living and an attractive quality of life in Riverside County mean it's easier to retain a valuable workforce at highly competitive rates. A county government that is business friendly and a location that is central to all Southern California markets makes Riverside County an excellent choice for a business move. Recycling Market Development Zones (RMDZ) The Recycling Market Development Zones strive to attract businesses using recycled materials in their manufacturing process. The state has established a low-interest rate revolving loan fund which may be used for land acquisition, leasehold improvements, equipment purchases, and working capital for up to 75 percent of the project cost to a maximum of $2 million. Page 1 of 16 3499 10 th Street, Suite 100 ● Riverside, CA 92501 ● 951.955.8916 ● 951.955.2159 FAX ● www.rivcoeda.org COUNTY OF RIVERSIDE BUSINESS RESOURCE GUIDE Economic Development Agency Manufacturers Grow Your Business by Using Free RMDZ Services! There are so many reasons to live, work, and do business in California: the climate, the ocean, the cities, mountains, and desert...and of course, the people.
    [Show full text]
  • Request for Joint Petition to Amend to Delete TRANS-8
    DOCKETED Docket Number: 09-AFC-06C Project Title: Blythe Solar Power Project - Compliance TN #: 232709 Document Title: Request For Joint Petition To Amend to Delete TRANS-8 Description: N/A Filer: Scott Galati Organization: DayZenLLC Submitter Role: Applicant Representative Submission Date: 4/10/2020 10:58:28 AM Docketed Date: 4/10/2020 BLYTHE SOLAR POWER PROJECT REQUEST FOR JOINT PETITION To AMEND DELETION OF TRANS-8 Submitted by: NextEra Blythe Solar Energy Center, LLC Submitted to: California Energy Commission April 2020 Prepared by: Section 1 INTRODUCTION 1.1 BACKGROUND NextEra Blythe Solar Energy Center, LLC (Blythe Solar), a wholly owned subsidiary of NextEra Energy Resources LLC, is the current owner of the Blythe Solar Power Project (BSPP). Blythe Solar files this Request For a Joint Petition To Amend1 (Petition) to delete Condition of Certification TRANS-8 which requires that Blythe Solar provide an avigation easement executed by the Bureau of Land Management (BLM). BLM will not encumber its land with such an avigation easement, therefore making it a legal impossibility for Blythe Solar to comply with TRANS-8. As discussed in this Petition, TRANS-8 was included in the original and amended Final Decisions in order to ensure compliance with a provision requiring an avigation easement in the Riverside County Airport Land Use Commission Airport Master Plan (Airport Master Plan). The requirement was determined to be a Law, Ordinance, Regulation, or Standard (LORS) and was not included to mitigate any potential environmental impact. Further research definitely proves that the requirements of the Airport Master Plan are inapplicable to BLM land and therefore should not have been applied to the BSPP as a LORS.
    [Show full text]
  • P.D. Staff Report
    Agenda Item No.: 4.1 PLOT PLAN NO.: 23577 Supervisorial District: Fourth Applicant: Chuckwalla Valley Associates, LLC Project Planner: Judy Deertrack Directors Hearing: August 20, 2009 Environmental Assessment No. 41998 COUNTY OF RIVERSIDE PLANNING DEPARTMENT STAFF REPORT PROJECT DESCRIPTION AND LOCATION: The plot plan proposes to permit the operation of a private special-use airport, previously known as Desert Center Airport, consisting of one runway, a taxiway, and two small unmanned airport buildings, in conjunction with the construction and operation of a members-only road course racing facility to be built in multiple phases with three racetracks, club house, parking garages with view stands, administration buildings, a timing and scoring building, pit lanes, and 170-space parking area. In anticipation of grading the related tracks and built portions of the project, the project anticipates 300,000 cubic yards of cut/fill. ISSUES OF RELEVANCE: The project site is located on what was previously a public-use airport owned and operated by Riverside County, consisting of one runway, taxiway, two small historic buildings, and a Beacon Tower in an historic World War II training airfield known as Desert Training Center. The remainder of the property is currently vacant, native desert land. The project is located in a rural area surrounded by agricultural uses; open, undeveloped space (natural lands); and low-density, scattered residential properties. The Desert Center Airport is located in a remote and sparsely populated portion of the county situated approximately midway between Indio and Blythe, and nearby the community of Lake Tamarisk. The Redevelopment Agency for the County of Riverside was the previous owner of approximately 1,126 acres of property commonly known as the Desert Center Airport approximately three (3) miles north of the community of Desert Center, northeasterly of State Highway 177 (Desert Center – Rice Road).
    [Show full text]
  • History --- Page Number 
    20th FIGHTER PROUD BIRDS OF THE 20th FIGHTER WING L-R: Wing Commander’s F-16CJ Block 50, 00-0220, 79th FS Commander’s F-16C Block 50D, 91-0379; 55th FS Commander’s F-16C Block 50Q, 93-0554; 77th FS Commander’s F-16C Block 50D, 91-0377. Photo from 20th FW, Shaw AFB, SC Historian 20th Fighter Wing Association April 2018 20th Fighter Wing History --- Page Number . HISTORY OF THE 20th FIGHTER GROUP Early History of the 20th Fighter Group’s Squadrons WW I It was August 1917. It had been only fourteen years since the first powered flight and ten years since the Aeronautical Division of the U.S. Army Signal Corps had been formed. Air power was in its infancy and growing. The possibilities were endless. New innovations were occurring everywhere you looked but the Great War raged in Europe and the U.S. was gearing up for its part in that war. Three squadrons familiar to us all were formed at Kelly Field, Texas - the 55th, 77th and 79th Aero Squadrons. It is believed the first 78th Aero Squadron was also formed there. Only the 55th’s history would survive this initial formation to connect with the current squadrons. The Air Service hadn’t yet figured out what it would look like, so there were many fits and starts as the service grew. By September the three squadrons had their designations changed to Aero Construction Squadrons. On Sept. 17, 1917 the 55th Aero Construction Squadron was on its way to N.Y. for deployment to France.
    [Show full text]
  • 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27
    Case 5:17-cv-01799-JGB-KK Document 52 Filed 11/08/17 Page 1 of 18 Page ID #:1996 1 XAVIER BECERRA Attorney General of California 2 MARK R. BECKINGTON Supervising Deputy Attorney General 3 GABRIELLE D. BOUTIN Deputy Attorney General 4 ENRIQUE A. MONAGAS Deputy Attorney General 5 State Bar No. 239087 300 South Spring Street, Suite 1702 6 Los Angeles, CA 90013 Telephone: (213) 269-6250 7 Fax: (213) 897-5775 E-mail: [email protected] 8 Attorneys for the State of California 9 IN THE UNITED STATES DISTRICT COURT 10 FOR THE CENTRAL DISTRICT OF CALIFORNIA 11 RIVERSIDE DIVISION 12 13 14 AIDEN STOCKMAN, et al., 5:17-CV-01799-JGB-KK 15 Plaintiffs, STATE OF CALIFORNIA’S NOTICE OF MOTION AND 16 v. MOTION TO INTERVENE AS PARTY PLAINTIFF; 17 DONALD J. TRUMP, in his official MEMORANDUM OF POINTS capacity as President of the United AND AUTHORITIES 18 States, et al., [Filed Concurrently with Proposed 19 Defendants. Complaint-in-Intervention; the Declaration of Enrique A. Monagas; 20 and Motion to Shorten Time] 21 Date: November 20, 2017 Time: 9:00 a.m. 22 Courtroom: 1 Judge: Hon. Jesus G. Bernal 23 24 25 26 27 28 MOTION TO INTERVENE (5:17-CV-01799-JGB-KK) Case 5:17-cv-01799-JGB-KK Document 52 Filed 11/08/17 Page 2 of 18 Page ID #:1997 1 TABLE OF CONTENTS 2 Page 3 4 NOTICE OF MOTION AND MOTION TO INTERVENE ..................................... 1 MEMORANDUM OF POINTS AND AUTHORITIES ........................................... 2 5 INTRODUCTION ..................................................................................................... 2 6 BACKGROUND ....................................................................................................... 2 7 I.
    [Show full text]
  • County of Riverside General Plan Desert Center Area Plan
    County of Riverside General Plan Desert Center Area Plan COUNTY OF RIVERSIDE Transportation and Land Management Agency 4080 Lemon Street, 12th Floor Riverside, CA 92501-3634 Phone: (951) 955-3200, Fax: (951) 955-1811 October 2011 County of Riverside General Plan Desert Center Area Plan TABLE OF CONTENTS Vision Summary.......................................................................................................................................................... iv Introduction ................................................................................................................................................................. 1 A Special Note on Implementing the Vision ........................................................................................................ 2 Location ........................................................................................................................................................................ 3 Features ........................................................................................................................................................................ 7 Setting ....................................................................................................................................................................... 7 Unique Features ........................................................................................................................................................ 7 Chuckwalla Valley ..............................................................................................................................................
    [Show full text]