DOCSLIB.ORG

Lankesteriana IV

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
Lankesteriana IV LANKESTERIANA 7(1-2): 196-198. 2007. MOLECULAR GENETIC DIAGNOSIS OF THE ‘TAXONOMICALLY DIFFICULT’ AUSTRALIAN ENDANGERED ORCHID, MICROTIS ANGUSII: AN EVALUATION OF THE UTILITY OF DNA BARCODING. 1,3,5 1 2 2, 4 NICOLA S. FLANAGAN , ROD PEAKALL , MARK A. CLEMENTS & J. TUPAC OTERO 1 School of Botany and Zoology, The Australian National University, Canberra, ACT 0200, Australia. 2 Centre for Plant Biodiversity Research, GPO Box 1600 Canberra ACT 2601, Australia. 3 Genetics & Biotechnology, University College Cork, Ireland 4 Dept. de Ciencias Agricolas, Universidad Nacional de Colombia, Palmira, Valle, Colombia 5 Author for correspondence: [email protected] KEY WORDS: Species diagnosis, barcoding, practical outcomes, clonality, Internal Transcribed Sequences (ITS), Single Nucleotide Polymorphisms (SNPs) As species are the common currency for conserva- to the endangered Australian orchid, Microtis angusii tion efforts, their accurate description is essential for (Flanagan et al. 2006). This species was recently efficient preservation of biological diversity. The use described from a single location in New South of DNA Barcodes, short DNA sequences that evolve Wales, Australia, consisting of approximately 100 fast enough to differentiate species, has been pro- plants (Jones 1996). Microtis species commonly posed both for the discovery of new species and the exhibit clonal growth (Peakall & Beattie 1989, 1991), identification of previously described species. The and it was highly likely that the plants present at the first objective remains controversial, with a strong type location represented a small number of clones. argument that species discovery be based on Additionally, the site had been subject to various ‘Integrated Barcodes’, including multiple sources of threatening processes such as road improvements and data (see Rubinoff 2006a). In contrast, once a species encroachment by invasive plants. Microtis angusii has been described, including for molecular sequence was listed as a nationally endangered species on data at barcoding loci, the use of a DNA barcode may Schedule 1 of the Australian Commonwealth facilitate the identification of the species, particularly Endangered Species Protection Act 1992 in 1997. in cases where recognition based on easily-visualised The genus Microtis has been relatively neglected characters is problematic. taxonomically, possibly because of their inconspic- Nonetheless, the use of the DNA Barcoding uous small, green, often ant-pollinated flowers. approach for species diagnosis pre-supposes a compre- Microtis angusii is morphologically very similar to hensive understanding of the circumscription of the more common, widespread relatives, and easily species under study. In reality this is very rarely true, confused, even by experienced field biologists. In as it requires the combination of multiple lines of accordance with the New South Wales Threatened investigation, which, in the case of orchids include pol- Species Conservation Act, a recovery plan for the linator observations and manual cross pollination, in species was prepared in order to ensure self-sustain- addition to morphological and molecular character ing populations in the wild. For this, the identifica- analysis (Peakall 2007). Thus, while ideally the sole tion of further populations of M. angusii was highly use of DNA Barcoding should be limited to species desirable, but hindered by difficulties in species diagnosis, in practice it may often yield further data to recognition. be set against the working hypothesis of species status, Conservation practitioners identified six potential thus contributing to species delineation and discovery. populations of M. angusii, and requested a genetic We present a study of the application of barcoding study to provide confirmation of their con-specific sta- FLANAGAN et al.- Conservation genetics of Microtis angusii. 197 tus for the recovery plan. We investigated patterns of including all ITS haplotypes identified in the original molecular genetic variation in both Amplified Fragment genetic survey, and samples from a previously Length Polymorphisms (AFLPs) and DNA sequence uncharacterized population. Microtis angusii samples (rDNA ITS) loci, compared to that of the type popula- were successfully discriminated from amongst the tion and known examples of potentially confounding, several congeners, and the further, previously congeneric species. The type population was invariable unknown, population was diagnosed as M. angusii. across 122 AFLP markers. Of the six potential popula- Sequencing of the ITS locus for these individuals tions only two were identified unambiguously as M. confirmed this PCR diagnosis. angusii, having identical ITS sequences and highly sim- While these studies demonstrate the application ilar AFLP profiles. Three populations collected showed of DNA Barcoding for species diagnosis of the a high genetic affinity to the related species M. parviflo- endangered M. angusii, it must be emphasized that ra, including identical ITS sequences, while a fourth further morphological and ecological studies of the population was diagnosed, on the basis of the molecular genus Microtis are sorely needed in order to unam- data, to be M. rara. biguously define the species boundaries in the A subset of samples from one of the populations genus. As has been recognized by Rubinoff was most similar to, but not identical to M. angusii (2006b), amongst other authors, sole reliance on across the genetic loci. This genetically-distinct DNA sequence data at one, or a few loci, may mis- clade may represent an additional previously- lead conservation efforts, either by making deci- unknown species. Alternatively, given the clonal sions on species status based on characters that are nature of the Microtis genus, this geographically not species-specific, or by diverting resources from distant population may represent a highly differenti- broader studies that are ultimately more capable of ated conspecific population. Clonality, in combina- providing robust species circumscriptions. It is tion with high selfing rates due to restricted ant pol- imperative that, in the reality of limited funds for lination (Peakall & Beattie 1989, 1991) are traits conservation research, priority must be given to that will act to reduce effective population size, studies that will have direct practical outcome in thereby enhancing the effects of genetic drift and so conservation management. A recent review sug- promoting higher levels of genetic differentiation gested that genetic studies of clonal plants, plants between isolated populations than expected in a with uncertain taxonomic status, and plants target- predominantly outbreeding species. ed for translocation were most likely to result in Whilst barcoding based on complete DNA practical outcomes (Hogbin et al. 2000). sequence data is preferred in order to identify rare, Nonetheless, as the case of Microtis angusii shows, differentiated haplotypes, extensive sequencing pro- even in these scenarios a genetic study is not neces- jects are expensive and beyond the financial capacity sarily sufficient by itself. of many conservation programmes. In order to pro- vide an economical alternative to full sequence char- LITERATURE CITED acterization, we designed a rapid, PCR-based assay Flanagan, N.S., R. Peakall, M.A. Clements & J.T. Otero. for the effective identification of M. angusii from sin- 2006. Conservation of taxonomically difficult species: gle nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) differences seen the case of the Australian orchid, Microtis angusii. in the study of sequence variation at the ITS locus Conservation Genetics 7: 847-859. (Flanagan et al. 2007). The assay was designed to be Flanagan, N.S., R. Peakall, M.A. Clements & J.T. Otero. easily visualized on a standard agarose gel, avoiding 2007. Identification of the endangered Australian orchid, Microtis angusii using an allele-specific PCR assay. the use of expensive restriction enzymes and DNA Conservation Genetics. Online First. sequencing reagents and equipment. Hogbin, P.M., R. Peakall & M.A. Sydes. 2000. Achieving An important aspect of this assay was its validation practical outcomes from genetic studies of rare plants. through the application of a ‘blind trial’. Here the Australian Journal of Botany 48: 375-382. assay was applied to samples of disguised identity, Jones, D.L. 1996. Microtis angusii, a new species of LANKESTERIANA 7(1-2), marzo 2007. © Universidad de Costa Rica, 2007. RD 198 3 IOCC PROCEEDINGS Orchidaceae from Australia. The Orchadian 12: 10-12. of worker ant pollination on a self-compatible, clonal Peakall, R. 2007. Speciation in the Orchidaceae – con- orchid. Evolution 45: 1837-1848. fronting the challenges. Molecular Ecology. In press. Rubinoff, D. 2006a. DNA Barcoding Evolves into the Peakall, R. & A.J. Beattie. 1989. Pollination of the orchid Familiar. Conservation Biology 20: 1548-1549. Microtis parviflora R.Br. by flightless worker ants. Rubinoff, D. 2006b. Utility of Mitochondrial DNA Functional Ecology 3: 515-522. Barcodes in Species Conservation. Conservation Peakall, R. & A.J Beattie. 1991. The genetic consequences Biology 20: 1026-1033. Nicola Flanagan has a broad experience of evolutionary studies in the Orchidaceae, including species boundaries in the sexually-deceptive Chiloglottis orchids, orchid mycorrhizal specificity in the tropical Ionopsis utriculariodes, and pat- terns of genetic variation in Vanilla species. Rod Peakall has interests spanning the fields of plant reproductive biology, population genetics, evolutionary biology and conservation biology and has worked on a range of plant and animals species. His current research is focused on the evolution of sexually deceptive orchids. Mark Clements has extensively studied the taxonomy and evolutionary relationships of Australian native orchids. Tupac Otero has interests in orchid biology and interactions, including reproductive biology, mycorrhizal interactions, evolutionary biology and conservation biology. LANKESTERIANA 7(1-2), marzo 2007. © Universidad de Costa Rica, 2007..
Load more

Recommended publications
  • Australian Endangered Orchid, Microtis Angusii: an Evaluation of the Utility of Dna Barcoding
    Lankesteriana International Journal on Orchidology ISSN: 1409-3871 [email protected] Universidad de Costa Rica Costa Rica FLANAGAN, NICOLA S.; PEAKALL, ROD; CLEMENTS, MARK A.; OTERO, J. TUPAC MOLECULAR GENETIC DIAGNOSIS OF THE ‘TAXONOMICALLY DIFFICULT’ AUSTRALIAN ENDANGERED ORCHID, MICROTIS ANGUSII: AN EVALUATION OF THE UTILITY OF DNA BARCODING. Lankesteriana International Journal on Orchidology, vol. 7, núm. 1-2, marzo, 2007, pp. 196-198 Universidad de Costa Rica Cartago, Costa Rica Available in: http://www.redalyc.org/articulo.oa?id=44339813040 How to cite Complete issue Scientific Information System More information about this article Network of Scientific Journals from Latin America, the Caribbean, Spain and Portugal Journal's homepage in redalyc.org Non-profit academic project, developed under the open access initiative LANKESTERIANA 7(1-2): 196-198. 2007. MOLECULAR GENETIC DIAGNOSIS OF THE ‘TAXONOMICALLY DIFFICULT’ AUSTRALIAN ENDANGERED ORCHID, MICROTIS ANGUSII: AN EVALUATION OF THE UTILITY OF DNA BARCODING. 1,3,5 1 2 2, 4 NICOLA S. FLANAGAN , ROD PEAKALL , MARK A. CLEMENTS & J. TUPAC OTERO 1 School of Botany and Zoology, The Australian National University, Canberra, ACT 0200, Australia. 2 Centre for Plant Biodiversity Research, GPO Box 1600 Canberra ACT 2601, Australia. 3 Genetics & Biotechnology, University College Cork, Ireland 4 Dept. de Ciencias Agricolas, Universidad Nacional de Colombia, Palmira, Valle, Colombia 5 Author for correspondence: [email protected] KEY WORDS: Species diagnosis, barcoding, practical outcomes, clonality, Internal Transcribed Sequences (ITS), Single Nucleotide Polymorphisms (SNPs) As species are the common currency for conserva- to the endangered Australian orchid, Microtis angusii tion efforts, their accurate description is essential for (Flanagan et al.
    [Show full text]
  • Nocturnal Pollination by Fungus Gnats of the Colombian Endemic Species, Pleurothallis Marthae (ORCHIDACEAE: PLEUROTHALLIDINAE)
    LANKESTERIANA 13(3): 407—417. 2014. NOCTURNAL POLLINATION BY FUNGUS GNATS OF THE COLOMBIAN ENDEMIC SPECIES, PLEUROTHALLIS MARTHAE (ORCHIDACEAE: PLEUROTHALLIDINAE) CAROL ANDREA DUQUE-BUITRAGO1, NÉSTOR FABIO ALZATE-QUINTERO1 & J. TUPAC OTERO2, 3, 4 1 Departamento de Ciencias Biológicas, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Herbario FAUC, Universidad de Caldas, PO Box 275, Manizales, Colombia 2 Departamento de Ciencias Biológicas, Facultad de Ciencias Agropecuarias, Universidad Nacional de Colombia, Sede Palmira 3 Instituto de Estudios Ambientales IDEA, Universidad Nacional de Colombia, Sede Palmira 4 Author for correspondence: [email protected] ABSTRACT. Contemporary patterns of plant biodiversity result from the ecological and evolutionary processes generated by species interactions. Understanding these interactions is key for effective biodiversity conservation at the species and the ecosystem level. Orchid species often have highly specialised pollinator interactions, and the preservation of these is critical for in situ orchid conservation. The majority of orchid species occur in tropical regions, and information regarding their interactions is limited. We present data on pollinator identities, pollination mechanisms and flowering phenology of the Colombian endemic orchid, Pleurothallis marthae. We evaluated the mechanisms of attraction, the presence of osmophores, and the reproductive system of the species. Pleurothallis marthae is self-compatible with nocturnal anthesis pollinated by Mycetophila sp. (Mycetophilidae), probably attracted by a string fungus like smell liberated by the flower and Bradysia sp. (Sciaridae) that feed on nectar in the labellum. Osmophores and nectaries were detected in the epidermis of the sepals and petals. We present new evidence that the genus Pleurothallis is adapted to Diptera pollination. Our study indicates that the pollination mechanism of P.
    [Show full text]
  • Jasmine Janes, Biology
    Full name(s) of VIU faculty involved in the project and their Department(s): Jasmine Janes, Biology; Tim Goater, Biology Contact person email: [email protected] Award: Inquiry Grant Number of undergraduate student(s) involved: 1 paid Number of graduate student(s) involved: NA Number of community partner(s) involved: NA Abstract for the project: Pollination ecology provides a means of exploring plant-insect interactions in natural settings. Many plant species rely on insect pollinators to achieve reproduction. Often these relationships are quite specific (i.e. one plant, one insect) while others can be considered generalist (i.e. one plant, many insects). Understanding which strategies and pollinator groups are being used can provide valuable information regarding conservation, population dynamics, ecosystem services and species diversity. Using a combination of diurnal and nocturnal insect trapping methods, this project will investigate the pollination ecology of bog orchids (Platanthera). Members of this orchid group are believed to be pollinated by various insects and to display a variety of pollination syndromes. However, very little work has been conducted on this group in North America and studies for western North America are absent from the literature. This study will provide much needed baseline information on insect diversity, potential pollinators of Platanthera and close relatives, and the extent to which the species rely on nocturnal or diurnal insect species. The project will also provide training for an undergraduate student and facilitate further collections and teaching resources for the VIU Natural History Museum. Jasmine Janes – VIU Inquiry Application – March 2019 Floral visitor assessments of Platanthera sp. (Orchidaceae) and relatives Background Orchids are one of the most speciose plant families in the world (Cozzolino et al.
    [Show full text]
  • Redalyc.ARE OUR ORCHIDS SAFE DOWN UNDER?
    Lankesteriana International Journal on Orchidology ISSN: 1409-3871 [email protected] Universidad de Costa Rica Costa Rica BACKHOUSE, GARY N. ARE OUR ORCHIDS SAFE DOWN UNDER? A NATIONAL ASSESSMENT OF THREATENED ORCHIDS IN AUSTRALIA Lankesteriana International Journal on Orchidology, vol. 7, núm. 1-2, marzo, 2007, pp. 28- 43 Universidad de Costa Rica Cartago, Costa Rica Available in: http://www.redalyc.org/articulo.oa?id=44339813005 How to cite Complete issue Scientific Information System More information about this article Network of Scientific Journals from Latin America, the Caribbean, Spain and Portugal Journal's homepage in redalyc.org Non-profit academic project, developed under the open access initiative LANKESTERIANA 7(1-2): 28-43. 2007. ARE OUR ORCHIDS SAFE DOWN UNDER? A NATIONAL ASSESSMENT OF THREATENED ORCHIDS IN AUSTRALIA GARY N. BACKHOUSE Biodiversity and Ecosystem Services Division, Department of Sustainability and Environment 8 Nicholson Street, East Melbourne, Victoria 3002 Australia [email protected] KEY WORDS:threatened orchids Australia conservation status Introduction Many orchid species are included in this list. This paper examines the listing process for threatened Australia has about 1700 species of orchids, com- orchids in Australia, compares regional and national prising about 1300 named species in about 190 gen- lists of threatened orchids, and provides recommen- era, plus at least 400 undescribed species (Jones dations for improving the process of listing regionally 2006, pers. comm.). About 1400 species (82%) are and nationally threatened orchids. geophytes, almost all deciduous, seasonal species, while 300 species (18%) are evergreen epiphytes Methods and/or lithophytes. At least 95% of this orchid flora is endemic to Australia.
    [Show full text]
  • Specified Protected Matters Impact Profiles (Including Risk Assessment)
    Appendix F Specified Protected Matters impact profiles (including risk assessment) Roads and Maritime Services EPBC Act Strategic Assessment – Strategic Assessment Report 1. FA1 - Wetland-dependent fauna Species included (common name, scientific name) Listing SPRAT ID Australasian Bittern (Botaurus poiciloptilus) Endangered 1001 Oxleyan Pygmy Perch (Nannoperca oxleyana) Endangered 64468 Blue Mountains Water Skink (Eulamprus leuraensis) Endangered 59199 Yellow-spotted Tree Frog/Yellow-spotted Bell Frog (Litoria castanea) Endangered 1848 Giant Burrowing Frog (Heleioporus australicus) Vulnerable 1973 Booroolong Frog (Litoria booroolongensis) Endangered 1844 Littlejohns Tree Frog (Litoria littlejohni) Vulnerable 64733 1.1 Wetland-dependent fauna description Item Summary Description Found in the waters, riparian vegetation and associated wetland vegetation of a diversity of freshwater wetland habitats. B. poiciloptilus is a large, stocky, thick-necked heron-like bird with camouflage-like plumage growing up to 66-76 cm with a wingspan of 1050-1180 cm and feeds on freshwater crustacean, fish, insects, snakes, leaves and fruit. N. oxleyana is light brown to olive coloured freshwater fish with mottling and three to four patchy, dark brown bars extending from head to tail and a whitish belly growing up to 35-60 mm. This is a mobile species that is often observed individually or in pairs and sometimes in small groups but does not form schools and feed on aquatic insects and their larvae (Allen, 1989; McDowall, 1996). E. leuraensis is an insectivorous, medium-sized lizard growing to approximately 20 cm in length. This species has a relatively dark brown/black body when compared to other Eulamprus spp. Also has narrow yellow/bronze to white stripes along its length to beginning of the tail and continuing along the tail as a series of spots (LeBreton, 1996; Cogger, 2000).
    [Show full text]
  • Ecology of Pyrmont Peninsula 1788 - 2008
    Transformations: Ecology of Pyrmont peninsula 1788 - 2008 John Broadbent Transformations: Ecology of Pyrmont peninsula 1788 - 2008 John Broadbent Sydney, 2010. Ecology of Pyrmont peninsula iii Executive summary City Council’s ‘Sustainable Sydney 2030’ initiative ‘is a vision for the sustainable development of the City for the next 20 years and beyond’. It has a largely anthropocentric basis, that is ‘viewing and interpreting everything in terms of human experience and values’(Macquarie Dictionary, 2005). The perspective taken here is that Council’s initiative, vital though it is, should be underpinned by an ecocentric ethic to succeed. This latter was defined by Aldo Leopold in 1949, 60 years ago, as ‘a philosophy that recognizes[sic] that the ecosphere, rather than any individual organism[notably humans] is the source and support of all life and as such advises a holistic and eco-centric approach to government, industry, and individual’(http://dictionary.babylon.com). Some relevant considerations are set out in Part 1: General Introduction. In this report, Pyrmont peninsula - that is the communities of Pyrmont and Ultimo – is considered as a microcosm of the City of Sydney, indeed of urban areas globally. An extensive series of early views of the peninsula are presented to help the reader better visualise this place as it was early in European settlement (Part 2: Early views of Pyrmont peninsula). The physical geography of Pyrmont peninsula has been transformed since European settlement, and Part 3: Physical geography of Pyrmont peninsula describes the geology, soils, topography, shoreline and drainage as they would most likely have appeared to the first Europeans to set foot there.
    [Show full text]
  • Chapter 8 DEMOGRAPHIC STUDIES and LIFE-HISTORY STRATEGIES
    K.w. Dixon, S.P. Kell, R.L. Barrett and P.J. Cribb (eds) 2003. Orchid Conservation. pp. 137-158. © Natural History Publications (Borneo), Kota Kinabalu, Sabah. Chapter 8 DEMOGRAPHIC STUDIES AND LIFE-HISTORY STRATEGIES OF TEMPERATE TERRESTRIAL ORCIDDS AS A BASIS FOR CONSERVATION Dennis F Whigham Smithsonian Environmental Research Center, Box. 28, Edgewater, MD 21037, USA. Jo H. Willems Plant Ecology Group, Utrecht University, PO Box 800.84, NL 3508 Utrecht, The Netherlands. "Our knowledge about the lives ofindividual plants and oftheir persistence in plant communities is very incomplete, however, especially when perennial herbs are concerned" - C. 0. Tamm, 1948. Terrestrial orchids represent a wide diversity ofspecies that are characterised by an equally diverse range of life history attributes. Threatened and endangered species of terrestrial orchids have been identifed on all continents where they occur and conservation plans have been developed for some species. Even though there is a considerable amount of information on the ecology of terrestrial orchids, few species have been studied in detail and most management plans focus on habitat conservation. In this paper, we consider the diversity of terrestrial orchids and summarise information on threatened and endangered species from a global perspective. We also describe approaches to the conservation and restoration ofterrestrial orchids and develop the argument that much information is needed ifwe are to successfully conserve this diverse group ofplant species. 1. Introduction Terrestrial orchids represent a wide variety of life history types, from autotrophic evergreen to completely myco-heterotrophic species that obtain most oftheir resources from a mycobiont. Life history characteristics ofterrestrial orchids are generally well known (e.g.
    [Show full text]
  • Mona Vale Road East Upgrade
    Mona Vale Road East Detailed Biodiversity Investigation Report: Volume 2 Assessments of Significance Final May 2015 ecology / vegetation / wildlife / aquatic ecology / GIS Acronyms and abbreviations Abbreviation Expansion DECC NSW Department of Environment and Climate Change (currently Office of Environment and Heritage) DoE Commonwealth Department of Environment EEC Endangered Ecological Community (under the TSC Act) EPBC Act Commonwealth Environment Protection and Biodiversity Conservation Act 1999 GIS Geographic information system ha hectare IUCN International Union for the Conservation of Nature Km Kilometre LGA Local Government Area NSW New South Wales OEH NSW Office of Environment and Heritage PKFT Preferred koala food tree Roads and Roads and Maritime Services Maritime SAT Spot Assessment Technique SIS Species Impact Statement Spp. Species (plural) TSC Act NSW Threatened Species Conservation Act 1995 Assessments of significance ecosure.com.au | i Glossary Biobanking ‘A market-based scheme that provides a streamlined biodiversity assessment process for development, a rigorous and credible offsetting scheme as well as an opportunity for rural landowners to generate income by managing land for conservation’ (OEH 2012). Direct impact area Area to be cleared within concept design footprint as per design dated 20 September 2014 (Figure 1 of main report) Indirect impact area 5 m buffer from direct impact area Main report Mona Vale East Detailed Biodiversity Investigation Report: Volume 1. Draft 1. Report prepared for Roads and Maritime
    [Show full text]
  • Biodiversity Summary: South East, South Australia
    Biodiversity Summary for NRM Regions Species List What is the summary for and where does it come from? This list has been produced by the Department of Sustainability, Environment, Water, Population and Communities (SEWPC) for the Natural Resource Management Spatial Information System. The list was produced using the AustralianAustralian Natural Natural Heritage Heritage Assessment Assessment Tool Tool (ANHAT), which analyses data from a range of plant and animal surveys and collections from across Australia to automatically generate a report for each NRM region. Data sources (Appendix 2) include national and state herbaria, museums, state governments, CSIRO, Birds Australia and a range of surveys conducted by or for DEWHA. For each family of plant and animal covered by ANHAT (Appendix 1), this document gives the number of species in the country and how many of them are found in the region. It also identifies species listed as Vulnerable, Critically Endangered, Endangered or Conservation Dependent under the EPBC Act. A biodiversity summary for this region is also available. For more information please see: www.environment.gov.au/heritage/anhat/index.html Limitations • ANHAT currently contains information on the distribution of over 30,000 Australian taxa. This includes all mammals, birds, reptiles, frogs and fish, 137 families of vascular plants (over 15,000 species) and a range of invertebrate groups. Groups notnot yet yet covered covered in inANHAT ANHAT are notnot included included in in the the list. list. • The data used come from authoritative sources, but they are not perfect. All species names have been confirmed as valid species names, but it is not possible to confirm all species locations.
    [Show full text]
  • National Recovery Plan for Microtis Angusii (Angus’S Onion Orchid) And, As Such, Considers the Conservation Requirements of the Species Across Its Known Range
    NATIONAL RECOVERY PLAN FOR ANGUS’S ONION ORCHID Microtis angusii Recovery Plan for Angus’s Onion Orchid (Microtis angusii) ©Department of Environment, Climate Change and Water (NSW), 2010 This work is copyright. However, material presented in this plan may be copied for personal use or published for educational purposes, providing that any extracts are fully acknowledged. Apart from this and any other use as permitted under the Copyright Act 1968, no part may be reproduced without prior written permission from the Department of Environment, Climate Change and Water (NSW). Department of Environment, Climate Change and Water (NSW) 59-61 Goulburn Street PO Box A290 Sydney South NSW 1232 Phone: (02) 9995 5000 (switchboard) Phone: 131 555 (information & publication requests) Fax: (02) 9995 5999 Email: [email protected] Website: www.environment.nsw.gov.au Requests for information or comments regarding the recovery program for Microstis angusii are best directed to: The M. angusii Recovery Plan Co-ordinator Biodiversity Conservation Section, Metro Branch Department of Environment, Climate Change and Water (NSW) PO Box 1967 Hurstville NSW 2220 Phone: 02 9585 6952 Cover illustration: Microtis angusii Photographer: Reg Angus This plan should be cited as: Department of Environment, Climate Change and Water (NSW) 2010. Recovery Plan for Microstis angusii, Department of Environment, Climate Change and Water (NSW), Sydney ASBN August 2006 DEC 2006/516 (ISBN 1 920887 61 X) ii Department of Environment, Climate Change and Water Recovery Plan for Angus’s Onion Orchid (Microtis angusii) Recovery Plan Angus’s Onion Orchid (Microtis angusii) Foreword This document constitutes the formal National Recovery Plan for Microtis angusii (Angus’s Onion Orchid) and, as such, considers the conservation requirements of the species across its known range.
    [Show full text]
  • Flora and Fauna Assessment
    Figure 6 - Giant Burrowing Frog and Red-crowned Toadlet – Important habitat and observations (Prof Michael Mahony) Ecological Assessment– Ralston Avenue, Belrose 66 Figure 7 - Eastern Pygmy Possum – Important habitat and observations (Dr Ross Goldingay Expert Report) Ecological Assessment– Ralston Avenue, Belrose 67 4.4 Vegetation connectivity The subject site is located on a plateau area extending west from the existing Belrose residential area and electrical substation. The slopes surrounding the proposed subdivision and off the escarpment edges will be retained as natural vegetation. These slopes are steeper to the south with a large escarpment edge in the central-south. To the north, west and south this extensive bushland adjoins Garigal National Park and Middle Harbour Creek catchment (see Figure 8). The total connective landscape covers no less than 1,200ha and is fragmented further north only by Mona Vale Road before heading into Ku-ring-gai National Park towards Berowra and north of Terrey Hills. There is additional connectivity to the north-east towards Narrabeen Lakes and the Warriewood-Ingleside escarpment, however, this is fragmented by Forest Way. Both Mona Vale Road and Forest Way are very busy roads that would provide a potential barrier for movement for many terrestrial fauna species. However, it is noted that these roads are not fenced in all locations and some wildlife is likely to attempt to cross, at risk of being hit by traffic, at night, or at sunrise when traffic is low. The majority of the adjoining landscape to the site provides open forest, open woodland and heath habitat associated with steeper gully Hawkesbury soils and exposed slopes.
    [Show full text]
  • Cephalanthera Epipactoides (Orchidaceae) in Russia
    Nature Conservation Research. Заповедная наука 2020. 5(Suppl.1) https://dx.doi.org/10.24189/ncr.2020.014 ============= RESEARCH ARTICLES ============= ========== ОРИГИНАЛЬНЫЕ СТАТЬИ =========== CEPHALANTHERA EPIPACTOIDES (ORCHIDACEAE) IN RUSSIA Alexander V. Fateryga1, Anton V. Popovich2, Valentina V. Fateryga1, Karel (C. A. J.) Kreutz3 1T.I. Vyazemsky Karadag Scientific Station – Nature Reserve of RAS, Russia e-mail: [email protected], [email protected] 2Krasnodar Regional Branch of the Russian Geographical Society, Russia e-mail: [email protected] 3Naturalis Biodiversity Center, Netherlands e-mail: [email protected] Received: 14.02.2020. Revised: 11.03.2020. Accepted: 12.03.2020. Twenty species of the orchid genus Cephalanthera are known in the World and seven species occur in Russia. One of them, restricted in Russia to the Black Sea coastal area of the Krasnodarsky Krai in the �orth �au� casus, has a long story of misidentifications and taxonomic confusions. The present study revealed that the correct name for this species is Cephalanthera epipactoides while it was previously known in Russia as either C. cucullata or C. kurdica (= C. floribunda). The lectotype of C. epipactoides is designated. Morphological description of the species is provided with measurements of the main parameters. The distribution of C. epi- pactoides in Russia is summarised on the base of herbarium specimens, data from the «Plantarium» website, field observations, and previously published records; the species is known here along approximately 125 km from the environs of Anapa to Dzhubga. The Russian part of the species range is isolated from its main area of distribution; the nearest locality in Turkey is about 365 km away from Dzhubga (linear distance).
    [Show full text]