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National Recovery Plan for Microtis Angusii (Angus’S Onion Orchid) And, As Such, Considers the Conservation Requirements of the Species Across Its Known Range

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National Recovery Plan for Microtis Angusii (Angus’S Onion Orchid) And, As Such, Considers the Conservation Requirements of the Species Across Its Known Range NATIONAL RECOVERY PLAN FOR ANGUS’S ONION ORCHID Microtis angusii Recovery Plan for Angus’s Onion Orchid (Microtis angusii) ©Department of Environment, Climate Change and Water (NSW), 2010 This work is copyright. However, material presented in this plan may be copied for personal use or published for educational purposes, providing that any extracts are fully acknowledged. Apart from this and any other use as permitted under the Copyright Act 1968, no part may be reproduced without prior written permission from the Department of Environment, Climate Change and Water (NSW). Department of Environment, Climate Change and Water (NSW) 59-61 Goulburn Street PO Box A290 Sydney South NSW 1232 Phone: (02) 9995 5000 (switchboard) Phone: 131 555 (information & publication requests) Fax: (02) 9995 5999 Email: [email protected] Website: www.environment.nsw.gov.au Requests for information or comments regarding the recovery program for Microstis angusii are best directed to: The M. angusii Recovery Plan Co-ordinator Biodiversity Conservation Section, Metro Branch Department of Environment, Climate Change and Water (NSW) PO Box 1967 Hurstville NSW 2220 Phone: 02 9585 6952 Cover illustration: Microtis angusii Photographer: Reg Angus This plan should be cited as: Department of Environment, Climate Change and Water (NSW) 2010. Recovery Plan for Microstis angusii, Department of Environment, Climate Change and Water (NSW), Sydney ASBN August 2006 DEC 2006/516 (ISBN 1 920887 61 X) ii Department of Environment, Climate Change and Water Recovery Plan for Angus’s Onion Orchid (Microtis angusii) Recovery Plan Angus’s Onion Orchid (Microtis angusii) Foreword This document constitutes the formal National Recovery Plan for Microtis angusii (Angus’s Onion Orchid) and, as such, considers the conservation requirements of the species across its known range. It identifies the actions to be taken to ensure the long-term viability of M. angusii in nature and the parties who will undertake these actions. M. angusii is a terrestrial orchid that grows to about 60 cm tall. The current distribution is extremely restricted. It is known from one small population in a roadside reserve at Ingleside in northern Sydney. M. angusii is listed as endangered on the Commonwealth Environment Protection and Biodiversity Conservation Act 1999, and endangered on the NSW Threatened Species Conservation Act 1995. The recovery actions detailed in this plan include habitat protection and management of threats, surveys in potential habitat for the species, research into its ecology, and ex situ conservation. It is intended that the recovery plan will be implemented over a five-year period. The Department of Environment, Climate Change and Water will undertake the actions in the plan in consultation with the Roads and Traffic Authority, Warringah Council and the NSW Rural Fire Service. The total cost of implementing the plan is $114,750 over a five-year period (Table 1). Implementation of recovery actions is reliant on securing funding. iii Recovery Plan for Angus’s Onion Orchid (Microtis angusii) Acknowledgments The NSW Department of Environment, Climate Change and Water would like to thank the following persons who assisted with the development of this recovery plan: The members of the Microtis angusii Recovery Team for discussion and advice during the preparation of this plan: Sharon Nash, Tania Duratovic, Dr Tony Auld, Judy Scott, Andrew Boleyn, Robert Humphries (DECCW); Jennie Powell, Scott Sewell, (Warringah Council); Reg Angus, Peter Eygelshoven (Australasian Native Orchid Society – Warringah Group); Megan Bennett, Claire Goldbrough (Roads and Traffic Authority); Cheryl Bates, Tabatha Smith (Pittwater Council) and Mike Katz (NSW Rural Fires Service). Mr Reginald Angus who shared local knowledge and personal information about the species and for provision of photographs of the species and its habitat. Dr David Jones, Australian National Herbarium, for discussion and advice on the taxonomy of M. angusii and the biology of other Microtis species and the use of his illustrations. Dr Rod Peakall, Australian National University, for supplying his papers on Microtis and for discussion of the recovery plan. Mark Williams, Reginald Angus, Peter and Alice Eygelshoven, John Riley and other members of the Australasian Native Orchid Society (Warringah Group) who assisted in the targeted field surveys and monitoring of this species. Dr Peter Weston of the NSW National Herbarium for advice and discussion on the genus Microtis. Dedication Reg Angus passed away on the 6th March 2000 after a long illness. Reg's passion for native orchids began in the mid-1980s. He quickly learned that the native bush around where he lived was abundant with various species of orchid. He promptly joined the local native orchid group: The Australasian Native Orchid Society – Warringah Group. In 1988/89, with the help of Warringah Council, Reg put together a book entitled, The Native Orchids of Warringah. This book contained the names and descriptions of as many orchids as he and other members from the Group could find in the local area. During one of his many walks, he came across an orchid that had not been described before: Microtis angusii. The species was named in honour of Reg who was tireless in protecting the site at Ingleside and monitoring the population. Reg always had time to talk to those who became interested in native orchids and helped beginners endlessly. Reg had many hobbies including bird watching and photography and both of these show his enthusiasm for our natural bush heritage, one we should all enjoy. The Recovery Team would like to sincerely thank Reg for his dedication to this species and for enlightening us all to the beauty of small cryptic things. iv Department of Environment, Climate Change and Water Recovery Plan for Angus’s Onion Orchid (Microtis angusii) Table of contents 1 INTRODUCTION ............................................................................................................... 1 2 LEGISLATIVE CONTEXT ............................................................................................... 1 2.1 LEGAL STATUS ......................................................................................................... 1 2.2 ENVIRONMENT PROTECTION AND BIODIVERSITY CONSERVATION ACT 1999 ........... 1 2.3 THREATENED SPECIES CONSERVATION ACT 1995 ................................................... 1 2.4 CONSULTATION WITH ABORIGINAL PEOPLE ............................................................. 2 2.5 CRITICAL HABITAT ................................................................................................... 2 2.6 KEY THREATENING PROCESSES ................................................................................ 2 2.7 LICENSING ................................................................................................................ 2 2.8 OTHER CONSERVATION MEASURES ........................................................................... 2 3 SPECIES INFORMATION ................................................................................................ 2 3.1 DESCRIPTION AND TAXONOMY ................................................................................. 2 3.1.1 Current distribution ................................................................................... 3 3.2 LAND TENURE .......................................................................................................... 3 3.3 HABITAT .................................................................................................................. 3 3.3.1 Vegetation and potential habitat ............................................................... 3 3.3.2 Climate ...................................................................................................... 4 3.3.3 Landscape and topography ....................................................................... 4 3.3.4 Soil landscape ........................................................................................... 4 3.3.5 Habitat critical to survival ........................................................................ 4 3.4 LIFE HISTORY AND ECOLOGY .................................................................................... 5 3.4.1 Life cycle ................................................................................................... 5 3.4.2 Population structure .................................................................................. 5 3.5 REPRODUCTIVE BIOLOGY ......................................................................................... 6 3.5.1 Vegetative reproduction ............................................................................ 6 3.5.2 Breeding system ......................................................................................... 6 3.5.3 Fecundity ................................................................................................... 6 3.5.4 Seedling recruitment ................................................................................. 7 3.6 GENETIC DIVERSITY ................................................................................................. 7 3.7 FIRE ECOLOGY .......................................................................................................... 7 3.8 ABILITY OF THE SPECIES TO RECOVER ...................................................................... 8 3.8.1 Species rarity ............................................................................................
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