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Actes Du 15E Colloque Sur Les Orchidées De La Société Française D’Orchidophilie

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Actes Du 15E Colloque Sur Les Orchidées De La Société Française D’Orchidophilie Cah. Soc. Fr. Orch., n° 7 (2010) – Actes 15e colloque de la Société Française d’Orchidophilie, Montpellier Actes du 15e colloque sur les Orchidées de la Société Française d’Orchidophilie du 30 mai au 1er juin 2009 Montpellier, Le Corum Comité d’organisation : Daniel Prat, Francis Dabonneville, Philippe Feldmann, Michel Nicole, Aline Raynal-Roques, Marc-Andre Selosse, Bertrand Schatz Coordinateurs des Actes Daniel Prat & Bertrand Schatz Affiche du Colloque : Conception : Francis Dabonneville Photographies de Francis Dabonneville & Bertrand Schatz Cahiers de la Société Française d’Orchidophilie, N° 7, Actes du 15e Colloque sur les orchidées de la Société Française d’Orchidophilie. ISSN 0750-0386 © SFO, Paris, 2010 Certificat d’inscription à la commission paritaire N° 55828 ISBN 978-2-905734-17-4 Actes du 15e colloque sur les Orchidées de la Société Française d’Orchidophilie, D. Prat et B. Schatz, Coordinateurs, SFO, Paris, 2010, 236 p. Société Française d’Orchidophilie 17 Quai de la Seine, 75019 Paris Cah. Soc. Fr. Orch., n° 7 (2010) – Actes 15e colloque de la Société Française d’Orchidophilie, Montpellier Préface Ce 15e colloque marque le 40e anniversaire de notre société, celle-ci ayant vu le jour en 1969. Notre dernier colloque se tenait il y a 10 ans à Paris en 1999, 10 ans c’est long, 10 ans c’est très loin. Il fallait que la SFO renoue avec cette traditionnelle organisation de colloques, manifestation qui a contribué à lui accorder la place prépondérante qu’elle occupe au sein des orchidophiles français et de la communauté scientifique. C’est chose faite aujourd’hui. Nombreux sont les thèmes qui font l’objet de communications par des intervenants dont les compétences dans le domaine de l’orchidologie ne sont plus à prouver. Parmi les participants et intervenants à ce colloque, signalons la présence de représentants venant d’au-delà de nos frontières, de l’Algérie, de l’Angleterre, de l’Italie et de la Tunisie, témoignant de l’intérêt porté à ce 15e colloque. Les travaux et recherches présentés ici nous aideront à mieux comprendre l’orchidée, cette plante splendide mais oh combien complexe. Remercions les initiateurs et organisateurs : - Daniel PRAT, président de la commission scientifique de la SFO, - Francis DABONNEVILLE, président de la SFO-Languedoc, - Bertrand SCHATZ, chercheur CNRS, et le comité d’organisation : - Philippe FELDMANN, - Michel NICOLE, - Aline RAYNAL-ROQUE, - Marc-André SELOSSE, sans oublier tous les bénévoles qui ont mis la main à la pâte pour transformer cette manifestation en succès. J’exprime toute notre gratitude pour la participation financière que nous ont apportée la Région Languedoc Roussillon et le CEFE (CNRS). Sans elle il nous aurait été difficile de monter ce projet. En conclusion, je souhaite que les deux journées de conférences, dont les textes des communications sont réunis ici, riches d’enseignements et d’échanges multiples et fructueux qui se sont poursuivis lors de l’excursion sur le plateau de Guilhaumard, aident l’ensemble de la communauté des orchidophiles et des chercheurs concernés à progresser sur la connaissance et la protection des orchidées. Pierre Laurenchet Président de la SFO Cah. Soc. Fr. Orch., n° 7 (2010) – Actes 15e colloque de la Société Française d’Orchidophilie, Montpellier SOMMAIRE Orchidées de Languedoc, Roussillon et Aveyron Nicole M. - Les habitats naturels en Languedoc Roussillon et Aveyron …….…………. 3 Véla E. - Les orchidées du Languedoc à la rencontre des influences biogéographiques ibérique et tyrrhénienne …………………………………….…………..……..…… 4 Anglade J.P. - Situation d’Ophrys aranifera Hudson 1778 en Languedoc-Roussillon et en Aveyron …………..……………………………………………………..………… 5 Joseph G. - Problématique d’Ophrys aegirtica P. Delforge 1996 …….…..…...……….… 11 Feldmann P., Anglade J.P., Dabonneville F., Nicole M., Souche R., Soulié A. - Les espèces d’orchidées en Languedoc et en Aveyron : statut de menaces et enjeux de conservation ………………..……………………………….………………..……… 16 Arnassant S., Dabonneville F., Olivier G. - Diversité, gestion et protection des orchidées en Camargue ………………………………………………………………...……… 24 Thompson J., Gauthier P., Debussche M. - La protection des espèces rares en France : l’importance d’établir et de hiérarchiser des priorités ………………..……….… 28 Dabonneville F., Marty V. - Les orchidées du domaine de Solan (La Bastide d’Engras, 30) ……….……………………………….……………....… 29 Conservation et Cartographie Schatz B., Geniez P. - Variation diachronique (1985-2006) de l’habitat et des populations d’orchidées méditerranéennes …………………………………..…… 31 Dusak F. - L’Atlas des orchidées ……….………………….……………………...........… 39 Munoz F. - Approcher l’écologie des orchidées à travers un atlas : enjeux de suivi et de conservation ……………………………………………………………………..….. 46 Feldmann P. - Evaluation des risques d’extinction des orchidées de France : application de la méthode de la Liste Rouge de l’UICN au niveau national …….. 51 Scappaticci G., Till-Bottraud I. - Epipactis fibri Scappaticci & Robatsch : une espèce atypique et mal connue …………………………………..….……………………… 59 El Mokni R., Mahmoudi M.R., Sebei H., El Aouni M.H. - Aperçu sur la diversité taxinomique et la distribution écologique de l’orchidoflore des régions de Kroumirie-Mogods (Tunisie septentrionale) ……………………………………… 66 Tully T. - Démographie et histoire de vie d'Ophrys bertolonii : premier bilan d’un suivi décennal d’une population dans la région de Nice …………………………….… 73 Cambecèdes J., Garcia J., Mouney L., Joseph G., Celle J., Calas J.- Un plan de conservation pour l’orchis lacté (Neotinea lactea (Poir) R.M. Bateman, A.M. Pridgeon & M.W Chase) en Haute-Garonne (Midi-Pyrénées) …………..... 82 Pailler T., Humeau L., Jacquemyn H., Micheneau C., Fournel J., Gauvin-Bialecki A., Martos F., Rakotoarivelo F. - Evolution et conservation des orchidées de la Réunion ……………………………………………..………………………..…… 84 Table ronde « Conservation et cartographie après l’atlas » …………….………….....… 85 Evolution et taxonomie Bateman R.M., Devey D.S., Malmgren S., Bradshaw E., Rudall P.J. - Conflicting species concepts underlie perennial taxonomic controversies in Ophrys .............… 87 Kjellberg F., M.A. Selosse, B. Schatz - Darwin et l’évolution des orchidées ……………. 102 Prat D. - Evolution et classification des Orchidaceae ………………….……................… 103 1 Cah. Soc. Fr. Orch., n° 7 (2010) – Actes 15e colloque de la Société Française d’Orchidophilie, Montpellier Bartschi H., Prat D. - Semis in vitro de quelques Ophrys tardifs du sud-est de la France ……….……………….……………………………………………….…..… 116 Gévaudan A. - La systématique du genre Epipactis : cas particulier du groupe de E. phyllanthes G.E. Smith et sa représentation en France …………….........….… 118 Riboulet C., Gatien J.L., Guillaumin J.J. - Epipactis exilis (Baumann et Baumann) Delforge, espèce nouvelle pour l’Auvergne et la France ……….…..……….….… 126 Biologie des orchidées Mondragon-Palomino M., Thieβen G. - Pourquoi les fleurs d’orchidées sont-elles si diverses ? ……………………………………………….……………………..…… 128 Bory S., Brown S., Grisoni M., Duval M.F., Besse P. - Diversité génétique et cytogénétique des vanilliers ………………………………………………….…… 144 Melki F. - Les orchidées terrestres d'Afrique subsaharienne : présentation et biogéographie des principaux genres …………………………..….……………… 154 Roguenant A., Raynal-Roques A. - Attracteurs étranges des orchidées australiennes …. 155 Raynal-Roques A., Roguenant A. - Le feu et les orchidées australiennes ……….….…… 158 Bonnet P., Barthélémy D., Grard P., Schuiteman A., Svengsuksa B. - Un système d’identification graphique des orchidées du Laos ……………………….…..…… 161 Hervouet J.M. - La Société Française d’Orchidophilie à Madagascar ………….….…… 170 Interactions biotiques Selosse M.A., Dubois M.P., Roy M., Martos F., Faccio A., Bonfante P., Girlanda M. - Avancées récentes sur les mycorhizes d'orchidée ………………….………..…… 171 Rodda M., Ercole E., Perotto S., Girlanda M. - Compatibilité entre champignons symbiotiques et orchidées méditerranéennes ………………………………..…… 172 Martos F., Pailler T., Fournel J., Selosse M.A. - L’adaptation à la vie à l’ombre chez les orchidées : étude des orchidées non-chlorophylliennes dans les régions tropicales ………………………………………………….……....….… 180 Roy M., Selosse M.A. - De la graine à l’adulte, de l’individu à l’espèce : des orchidées plus hétérotrophes qu’il n’y paraît ? ……….…………………….… 186 Micheneau C. - Pollinisation des orchidées angraecoïdes : de Darwin à aujourd’hui …. 196 Schatz B., Delle-Vedove R., Juillet N., Dormont L. - Avancées récentes sur la pollinisation chez les orchidées méditerranéennes ……….…..…………………… 197 Delle-Vedove R., Juillet N., Bessiere J.M., Pailler T., Dormont L., Schatz B. - Couleur, odeur et succès reproducteur chez une orchidée tropicale ………….… 204 Juillet N., Dormont L., Schatz B. - Facilitation de pollinisation chez les orchidées trompeuses ……….…………………………..………………………..… 213 Excursion Nicole M., Dabonneville F. - Sortie sur le terrain du 1er juin 2009 : le plateau de Guilhaumard, en Aveyron (12) ………………….……………..…… 220 Photographies du colloque ……………………………………………………………. 223 Programme du colloque : communications orales et posters …………………….… 229 Liste des participants ……………………………..…………………………..….…… 233 Index des auteurs ………………………………….………………………….….…… 235 2 Cah. Soc. Fr. Orch., n° 7 (2010) – Actes 15e colloque de la Société Française d’Orchidophilie, Montpellier Les habitats naturels en Languedoc Roussillon et Aveyron Michel NICOLE 5 rue des trois Teyran, 34820 Teyran [email protected] Abstract – Natural habitats in Languedoc-Roussillon and in Aveyron. The Languedoc- Roussillon (LR) and
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