The American Political Science Review Department of Political Science, University of California, Berkeley 94720

. EDITORIAL BOARD: NELSON W. POLSBY, Managing Editor, University of Cali- fornia, Berkeley; PHILIP SIEGELMAN, Book Review Editor, California State University, San Francisco; SHLOMO AVINERI, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem; , Washington University; BRIAN BARRY, Nuffield College, Oxford University; RICHARD A. BRODY, Stanford University; SAMUEL D. COOK, Duke University; ELMER E. CORNWELL, Brown University; S. RUFUS DAVIS, Monash University; ROBERT J. JACKSON, Carleton University; , University of California, Los Angeles; DALE ROGERS MARSHALL, University of California, Davis; RUSSELL D. MURPHY, Wes- leyan University; JOAN M. NELSON, Washington, D.C.; J. ROLAND PENNOCK, Swarth- more College; SAMUEL L. POPKIN, University of , Austin; ROBERT D. PUTNAM, University of Michigan; DOUGLAS W. RAE, Yale University; AUSTIN RANNEY, Uni- versity of Wisconsin; GIOVANNI SARTORI, University of Florence; MICHAEL J. SHAPIRO, https://www.cambridge.org/core/terms University of Hawaii; JAY STARLING, Southern Methodist University; STEPHEN V. STEPHENS, The Johns Hopkins University; GEORGE E. VON DER MUHLL, University of California, Santa Cruz; RICHARD A. WATSON, University of Missouri; RICHARD WINTERS, Dartmouth College. MANUSCRIPT EDITOR: ELLEN Y. SIEGELMAN. EDITORIAL ASSISTANTS: BARBARA EPSTEIN, BETSEY COBB, DENISE DRUCKER. EDITORIAL INTERNS: ROBERT ARSENEAU, CHARLES BANN, JONATHAN BENDOR, COLIN CAMPBELL, BETH CAPELL, PETER COWHEY, SHAI FELDMAN, RICHARD GUNTHER, RICHARD G. C. JOHNSTON, YVONNE JONES, ELAINE KAMARCK, HARRY KREISLER, DAVID LAITIN, JAMES I. LENGLE, WILLIAM M. LUNCH, THOMAS REESE, STUART A. Ross, CHRISTINE M. SIERRA, M. STEPHEN WEATHERFORD.

EDITORIAL COMMENT

Happy Anniversary. Professor Herbert Weisberg Elsbree presided over what even the most jaded sentimentally passed up the chance to get "Models , subject to the Cambridge Core terms of use, available at at available use, of terms Core Cambridge the to subject , graduate student can recognize as a cornucopia. of Statistical Relationship" published earlier so Not the least interesting was Ralph J. Bunche's that it could appear in this issue, twenty years to Presidential Address, marking the 50th anniver- the month after the classic article by Leo Good- sary of the Association. But there was much, man and William Kruskal on which it is based. much more. A pang of envy frequently attacks us when we In those days, it appears, political scientists had contemplate the greener and better tended forage not yet lost their taste for politics and govern-

28 Sep 2021 at 14:06:25 at 2021 Sep 28 available to "harder" disciplines (like statistics), ment. Bertram Gross and John Lewis discussed

, on on , where scholars can actually build upon one an- the beginnings of the Council of Economic Ad- other's work, where agreement can be reached visors. Richard Neustadt contributed his notable about what the problems are, and where conse- and enduring "Presidency and Legislation: The quently there can be such things as "classic" Growth of Central Clearance." Ralph Huitt's

170.106.33.14 articles, statements which productively focus the "The Congressional Committee: A Case Study" attention of many minds and which may be super- appeared. Happy Anniversary, one and all. In seded, but are rarely misunderstood. comparative government Volume 48 features As little as this thumbnail sketch describes po- (among others) a bibliography on comparative . IP address: address: IP . litical science, it did occur to us to cast a back- administration by Fred Riggs, an article on Asian ward glance at the Review of 20 years ago. Would neutralism by Robert Scalapino, and a discussion we find anything at all in Volume 48 worth noting of Great Britain by . today? Any memorable articles, never mind In party politics there were articles by V. O. classics? Somehow, we doubted it. Political sci- Key, Duane Lockard and that odd couple, ence lurches from fad to fad, we thought, ignores Ranney and Kendall. David Spitz contributed its roots, cultivates illiteracy. There would be "Democracy and the Problem of Civil Diso- nothing of contemporary interest, only evidence bedience" ; Sheldon Wolin, "Hume and Conserva- of false starts, blind alleys, brave futile beginnings. tism" and "Administrative https://www.cambridge.org/core We were wrong! Managing Editor Hugh L. Regulation: Protection of the Public Interest."

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Henry Kissinger shed his warm-up jacket with receive the permission of the scholar who did the "The Conservative Dilemma: Reflections on the work, before the Association, as copyright holder, Political Thought of Metternich." And there was will grant its permission to reprint. The techni- even something for premature formal theorists: calities of copyright law may or may not support

. Shapley and Shubik's "A Method for Evaluating the Association's scrupulousness on this issue; the Distribution of Power in a Committee nevertheless to us it seems manifestly reasonable System." that authors retain control over the reprinting of Most of us have seen citations to one or more their work, and the Association acts accordingly. of these articles within living memory; whether In this, we consider that we are following a well- "classics" or not, evidently they have had some- understood, if unwritten rule of the profession, thing to say to political scientists that has been and cannot imagine, in any case, that a political more than ephemeral. And this is why a sub- scientist seeking to reprint the work of a colleague scriber would have been ill-advised to wrap fish would dream of neglecting to ask the author's with old copies of volume 48 of the Review. permission. Can we say as much of more recent volumes ? Readers will also be gratified to learn that we Readers had better decide for themselves. For oppose plagiarism (as well as piracy) and think https://www.cambridge.org/core/terms ourselves, we are reminded of the time we served well of springtime. But enough of controversy. on a committee to hire a sociology department. One committee member, a very dubious historian, On Scholarly Infallibility. We see by the papers said: "Let's get somebody like Robert Maclver." that Washington columnist Joseph Kraft says We said, "O.K., let's." The historian replied: political science is in big trouble. He doesn't "They don't make them like that anymore." know the half of it, we thought, until we read a little farther and discovered he didn't know the Emily Post Says. Although norms concerning other half of it, either. His argument goes this multiple submissions and appropriation of the way: because the state of our knowledge about work of others are well settled in our profession— voting behavior is unsettled, and because the na- and indeed in the scholarly community generally ture of voter commitment to political parties in —an occasional slipup comes to our attention, America is changing, political science has "lost suggesting that it may be worthwhile to describe its way." some of the underlying rationale of Review policy Many political scientists will testify that they for people who may have tuned in late. weren't heading in that direction anyhow, that Each year, scholarly journals ask scores of some folks in Our Nation's Capital must have a , subject to the Cambridge Core terms of use, available at at available use, of terms Core Cambridge the to subject , scholars to set aside their own work in order to mighty narrow idea of what political science is. evaluate the merit of articles proffered for publi- What puzzles us even more is this cultivated and cation. An editor of the Review has reason to well-informed layman's peculiar conception of the know how many scholars—they are legion—do calling of the scholar. And if Joseph Kraft has these unpaid, anonymous chores willingly, gra- such a misconception, heaven knows how many ciously, even promptly. This creates an obligation others do as well. on our part, at the least to avoid bothering our 28 Sep 2021 at 14:06:25 at 2021 Sep 28 It is our duty, it seems to us, less to celebrate referees frivolously or in vain. past victories over ignorance than continually to , on on , When an author submits the same manuscript confront what we don't know, to grapple with the simultaneously to two or more unwitting editors, anomalous, the imperfectly understood. The exis- he is asking them to become his accomplices in tence of perplexity in a scholar is, we believe, an wasting the time of referees. For only one journal unmistakable sign of life (maybe the only sign of 170.106.33.14 can print the manuscript. Consequently the cour- life) and in a discipline, likewise. teous thing to do is to submit articles to journals This leaves open—as it had better—the ques- one at a time, and hope for the best. tion of our competence, individually or collec-

. IP address: address: IP . In these harsh days of tenure squeezes and pub- tively, to focus our inquiries, to organize our lish or perish, there must be a strong temptation assaults upon our ignorance with skill and sensi- for authors to cut down on the agony of waiting tivity. On this score people are entitled to have by trying a buckshot approach to all journals at their doubts. But not on the question Mr. Kraft once. That constitutes an imposition on a lot of raises. Scholars are not oracles. Our commitment colleagues, however, and journal editors, forti- is to inquiry, not to final solutions, and it is fied by an advisory opinion of the APSA ethics amazing that a Washington pundit would want committee, take a dim view of multiple submis- us crowding his territory. sions. Articles Accepted for Future Publication https://www.cambridge.org/core An even more straightforward rationale under- lies the APSA policy concerning the reprinting of Christopher H. Achen, Yale University, "Politi- articles. Our position for years has been that per- cal Belief Systems in Mass Publics: The Prob-

sons wanting to reprint an article must seek and lem of Inconsistent Opinion Survey Responses"

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Francisco Arcelus and Allan H. Meltzer, Car- K. J. Holsti, University of British Columbia, negie-Mellon University, "The Effect of Aggre- "Underdevelopment and the 'Gap' Theory of gate Economic Variables on Congressional International Conflict" Elections" Robert T. Holt and John E. Turner, University of

. C. Arnold Anderson, , Minnesota, "Crises and Sequences in Collec- "Conceptual Framework for Political Social- tive Theory Development" ization in Developing Societies" M. Kent Jennings, University of Michigan and Neal Andrews, Wayne State University, "Integra- Richard G. Niemi, University of Rochester, tion and Community in Communist Theory" "Continuity and Change in Political Orienta- Robert L. Ayres, University of California, Berke- tions: A Longitudinal Study of Two Genera- ley, "Development Policy and the Possibility of tions" A 'Liveable' Future for Latin America" Jae-on Kim, University of Chicago, John R. Richard Allen Chapman, University of Montana, Petrocik, University of Chicago and Stephen "Leviathan Writ Small: Thomas Hobbes on the N. Enokson, University of Iowa, "Voter Turn- Family" out Among the American States: Systemic and

https://www.cambridge.org/core/terms John P. Clark, III, City College, Loyola Univer- Individualistic Components" sity, "On Anarchism in an Unreal World: David Koehler, American University, "Vote Kramnick's View of Godwin and the Anar- Trading and the Voting Paradox: A Proof of chists" Logical Equivalence" Claude S. Colantoni, Terrence J. Levesque and J. A. Laponce, University of British Columbia, Peter C. Ordeshook, Carnegie-Mellon Univer- "Spatial Archetypes and Political Perceptions" sity, "Campaign Resource Allocations Under David G. Lawrence, Fordham University, "Pro- The Electoral College" cedural Norms and Tolerance: A Reassess- David Collier, Indiana University, and Richard ment" E. Messick, Office of U.S. Senate, "Functional Peter M. Leslie, Queen's University, "Interest Prerequisites Versus Diffusion: Testing Alterna- Groups and Political Integration: The 1972 tive Explanations of Social Security Adoption" EEC Decisions in Norway and Denmark" Andrew T. Cowart, University of Iowa, Tore Patrick J. McGowan, Syracuse University and Hansen and Karl-Erik Brofoss, University of Robert M. Rood, University of South Carolina, Oslo, "Budgetary Strategies and Success at "Alliance Behavior in Balance of Power Sys- Multiple Decision Levels in the Norwegian tems: Applying a Poisson Model to 19th- Urban Setting" century Europe" , subject to the Cambridge Core terms of use, available at at available use, of terms Core Cambridge the to subject , Geoffrey Debnam, University of Otago, "Non- Alan Marsh, University of Michigan, "The decisions and Power: The Two Faces of 'Silent Revolution,' Value Priorities, and the Bachrach and Baratz" Quality of Life in Britain" Douglas Dobson, Northern Illinois University Joseph A. Massey, Dartmouth College, "The and Douglas St. Angelo, Florida State Univer- Missing Leader: Japanese Youths' View of sity, "Party Identification and the Floating Political Authority"

28 Sep 2021 at 14:06:25 at 2021 Sep 28 Vote: Some Dynamics" Kenneth John Meier, Syracuse University, "Rep-

, on on , Claude S. Fischer, University of California, resentative Bureaucracy: An Empirical Analy- Berkeley, "The City and Political Psychology" sis" Robert C. Fried, University of California, Los Fritz Nova, Villanova University, "Political In- Angeles, "Party and Policy in West German novation of the West German Federal Consti-

170.106.33.14 Cities" tutional Court: The State of Discussion on Richard Funston, San Diego State University, Judicial Review" "The Supreme Court and Critical Elections" N. Patrick Peritore, University of Missouri, Sheldon Goldman, University of Massachusetts, Columbia, "Some Problems in Alfred Schutz's . IP address: address: IP . Amherst, "Voting Behavior on the U.S. Phenomenological Methodology" Courts of Appeals Revisited" Adam Przeworski, University of Chicago, "Insti- Fred I. Greenstein, Princeton University, "The tutionalization of Voting Patterns or Is Mobili - Benevolent Leader Revisited: Children's Im- zation the Source of Decay ?" ages of Political Leaders in Three Democracies" Douglas Rae, Yale University, "The Limits of Fred W. Grupp, Jr., University of Connecticut Consensual Decision" and Allan R. Richards, Louisiana State Univer- Austin Sarat, Yale Law School, and Joel B. Gross- sity, "Variations in Elite Perceptions of Ameri- man, University of Wisconsin, Madison, can States as Referents for Public Policy "Courts and Conflict Resolution: Problems in https://www.cambridge.org/core Making" the Mobilization of Adjudication" Susan Blackall Hansen, University of Illinois, Joseph A. Schlesinger, Michigan State University, Urbana, "Participation, Political Structure, "The Primary Goals of Political Parties: A

and Concurrence" Clarification of Positive Theory"

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Paul R. Schulman, University of Tennessee, Eric M. Uslaner and J. Ronnie Davis, University "Non-Incremental Policy Making: Notes To- of Florida, "The Paradox of Vote Trading: ward an Alternate Paradigm" Effects of Decision Rules and Voting Strategies J. S. Sorzano, Georgetown University, "David on Externalities"

. Easton and the Invisible Hand" Meredith W. Watts, University of Wisconsin, Peter G. Stillman, Vassar College, "The Limits of Milwaukee, "B. F. Skinner and the Language Behaviorism: A Critique of B. F. Skinner's of Technological Control" Social and Political Thought" J. Weinberger, Michigan State University, Gerald S. Strom, University of Illinois, Chicago, "Hobbes's Doctrine of Method" "On the Apparent Paradox of Participation" Mary B. Welfiing, Virginia Polytechnic Institute Edward R. Tufte, Princeton University, "De- and State University, "Models, Measurement terminants of the Outcome of Midterm Con- and Sources of Error: Civil Conflict in Black

gressional Elections" Africa"

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