JOINT ACTION PROGRAM Final Implementation Report Document number: IC WD 047 Version: draft 1 Date: 14-Nov-2007 ICPDR / International Commission for the Protection of the Danube River / www.icpdr.org Imprint Published by: ICPDR – International Commission for the Protection of the Danube River © ICPDR 2007 Contact ICPDR Secretariat Vienna International Centre / D0412 P.O. Box 500 / 1400 Vienna / Austria T: +43 (1) 26060-5738 / F: +43 (1) 26060-5895 [email protected] / www.icpdr.org ICPDR / International Commission for the Protection of the Danube River / www.icpdr.org Acknowledgement Firstly, we would like to thank Mr. Philip Weller, Executive Secretary of the ICPDR, for the guidance and supervision of the work. This report would not have been possible without the data delivered by the experts of the Danube Countries. So we would like to thank all members of the Pressures and Measures Expert Group. Furthermore, we would like to say many thanks to other people as far as Ms. Doubravka Nedvedova (Czech Republic), Ms. H. Hadžovic (Bosnia and Herzegovina), Ms Violeta Roiatchka (Bulgaria), Richard Stadler (Austria), Mr Zeljko Ostojic (Croatia), and Mr. Gheorghe Constantin (Romania) who delivered substantial contribution to the products resulting from this study. Last but not least we would like to thank Ms Veselka Pavlova (ICPDR Secretariat) for all support in preparing the report. Mihaela Popovici ICPDR / International Commission for the Protection of the Danube River / www.icpdr.org ICPDR Secretariat ICPDR / International Commission for the Protection of the Danube River / www.icpdr.org Table of content 1 INTRODUCTION 7 2 MAIN CONCLUSIONS 9 3 JOINT ACTION PROGRAM 12 3.1 Background 12 4 ASSESSMENT OF RESULTS 15 4.1 Policy Objectives 15 4.2 Status of Legislation Dealing with Water Management 17 4.3 Main Barriers to Policy and Legal Reforms in implementing JAP 23 4.4 Actions and measures in response to JAP 25 4.5 Estimated cost for reforms concerning institutional and legal measures to respond to JAP and EU water related regulations 26 5 TASKS OF THE JOINT ACTION PROGRAM 30 5.1 Reduction of Pollution from Point Sources 31 5.1.1 Issues in need of special attention 31 5.1.2 Reporting on pollution sources 34 5.1.3 Results of JAP measures to reduce pollution 35 5.1.4 Municipal Discharges 45 5.1.5 Industrial Discharges 60 5.1.6 Agro-industrial Discharges 93 5.2 Reduction of Pollution from Non-Point Sources 104 5.2.1 Inventory of Diffuse Sources of Nitrogen and Phosphorus and propose further measures for their reduction 104 5.2.2 Programmes of non structural measures to control diffuse pollution in the Danube River Basin 118 5.2.3 Implementation of JAP national investment programs: land use sector 132 5.3 Wetland and floodplain restoration 132 5.3.1 Addressing the nutrient retention 132 5.3.2 Implementation of JAP national Investments program: wetlands 139 5.4 Improving the scope of the TNMN, in order to get it in line with the EC Water Frame Directive and to enable its timely operation 142 5.4.1 Upgrading TNMN 142 5.4.2 Joint Danube Survey 148 5.4.3 Introduction of quality control procedures: Analytical Quality Control (AQC) in the DRB 150 5.4.4 Load assessment program 152 5.5 List of Priority Substances 155 5.6 Water Quality Standards 156 5.7 Prevention of accidental pollution events and maintenance of the accident emergency warning system 158 ICPDR / International Commission for the Protection of the Danube River / www.icpdr.org 5.7.1 Inventory of accident risk spots in the Danube River Basin 158 5.7.2 Inventory of Contaminated Sites 159 5.7.3 Operation and upgrade of the Danube Accident Emergency Warning System 162 5.8 Reduction of pollution from inland navigation 164 5.8.1 Inland navigation process 166 5.9 Product controls 166 5.9.1 Mechanisms for the reduction of detergent phosphates 168 5.10 Minimizing the impacts of floods 175 5.11 Water Balance 177 5.12 River Basin Management 179 5.12.1 Danube River Basin Analysis 180 5.12.2 Significant key water management issues 188 5.12.3 Development of DRBD Overview map and preparation of thematic maps 189 5.12.4 Development of economic indicators 190 5.12.5 Progress in developing the Danube River Basin Management Plan in line with the WFD 190 5.12.6 Development of public participation strategy 194 5.12.7 Economic analysis 195 5.13 Reporting JAP 196 6 INVESTMENTS, FINANSING AND POLLUTION REDUCTION 198 6.1 Overview of environmental projects in the DRB 198 6.1.1 ICPDR Database on investments 198 7 CONCLUSIONS 209 8 ANNEXES INVESTMENTS 211 9 COUNTRY SUMARY REPORTS 212 ICPDR / International Commission for the Protection of the Danube River / www.icpdr.org IC... draft JAP Final Implementation Report 7 1 INTRODUCTION This Report addresses the status of implementation of the ICPDR Joint Action Programme (JAP), with particular attention to the introduction of policy and legal reforms and implementation of investment projects in the municipal, industrial and agricultural sectors, as well wetlands rehabilitation measures, for pollution control and nutrient reduction in the Danube River Basin. The JAP 2001-2005 reflects the general strategy for the implementation of the DRPC for the respective period. It deals i.a. with pollution from point and diffuse sources, wetland and floodplain restoration, priority substances, water quality standards, prevention of accidental pollution, floods prevention and control and river basin management. Thus, the report summarizes the achievements that have been realized through the work of the countries under the JAP for the whole period of reporting to JAP implementation - until 31 December 2005. To facilitate a better and more recent reflection of the countries efforts and achievements, in several chapters, the situation and interpretation of results was based on 2006 evidences. The countries assessment of the projects proposed in 2000 for the JAP is based on the national reports and on the reporting on the investments projects which have been included into the ICPDR database, which provides detailed information for each individual project, as well allows reporting according to the selected parameters and topics. Along the years, many projects were reconsidered, both technically and financially, for different solutions, parameters and updated costs. For these reasons, the country assessment introduces (i) planned projects, with expected pollution reduction and related costs, as being estimated in 2000, then (ii) an assessment by 31 December 2006 according to the countries reporting for the Interim Implementation Report, (iii) a final assessment for the whole period of JAP, and (iv) estimates of proposed measures under implementation, in pipeline, or in preparation in the Danube countries in line with the EU Directives. The results of the JAP will be used in the development of the Joint Program of Measures, under the Water Framework Directive (WFD). In assessing the implementation of JAP tasks, the report considers the transfer of EU water related directives (Nitrates Directive, Urban Waste Water Directive, IPPC Directive, Water Framework Directive, etc) into national policies, regulations, and compliance mechanisms. The estimated cost for reforms concerning institutional and legal measures and direct investments that have been carried out to respond to JAP tasks, is also discussed. If the national commitments do not yet include obligations towards EU directives, the assessment of JAP implementation is based on the National Environmental Action Plan of the respective country. The implementation of investment projects, taking into account municipal, industrial and agro-industrial projects, and measures for wetland restoration is analysed. This final report has been prepared based on the information from the national contributions on the ICPDR Joint Action Program implementation and the results of the ICPDR Expert Groups. Information provided by the ICPDR DABLAS database, presented in a separate chapter, was only used to create a more comprehensive frame of countries both achievements and efforts towards meeting the EU Directives requirements by 2015. Among future remaining needs, there are several projects under implementation or in pipeline, which are well prepared and do not need any further technical or financial support, but also projects in preparation, which need further technical and financial support. ICPDR / International Commission for the Protection of the Danube River / www.icpdr.org IC... draft JAP Final Implementation Report 8 The Report includes two parts: (i) a thorough revision and assessment of policy objectives, priorities and strategies as well as water related legislation and practices in line with the ICPDR JAP; the identification of main deficiencies and necessary steps to be taken regarding policy, legal and regulatory reform, and finally the estimates on the cost for reforms concerning institutional and legal measures and (ii) direct investments that have been carried out to respond to new water related regulations linked with JAP tasks. The report has also 4 annexes (investment measures – annex 1, municipal, annex 2, industrial and agro- industrial, and annex 3, wetlands, and summary of country reports- annex 4). The compile d information provide a clear picture of the results achieved by the individual Danube countries, the policy and legal reforms, the gaps to be filled and the investment projects, which need further technical and financial support. The results may also be used as a baseline for evaluating subsequent progress at the national and regional levels in the process of preparing the River Basin Management Plan under the WFD. The structure of the Country Report follows the structure of the national reports, which are structured as follows: (1) Policy objectives (2) Status of legislation dealing with water management (in force, in progress, main deficiencies) (3) Main barriers to policy and legal reforms to water-related policy and legal reform and JAP implementation (4) Proposed actions and measures in relation to JAP (5) Estimated cost for reforms concerning institutional and legal measures to respond to JAP and new water related regulations.