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Evaluation of Wetlands and Floodplain Areas in the Danube River Basin Final Report May 1999

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Evaluation of Wetlands and Floodplain Areas in the Danube River Basin Final Report May 1999 DANUBE POLLUTION REDUCTION PROGRAMME EVALUATION OF WETLANDS AND FLOODPLAIN AREAS IN THE DANUBE RIVER BASIN FINAL REPORT MAY 1999 Programme Coordination Unit UNDP/GEF Assistance prepared by WWF Danube-Carpathian-Programme and WWF-Auen-Institut (Germany) DANUBE POLLUTION REDUCTION PROGRAMME EVALUATION OF WETLANDS AND FLOODPLAIN AREAS IN THE DANUBE RIVER BASIN FINAL REPORT MAY 1999 Programme Coordination Unit UNDP/GEF Assistance prepared by WWF Danube-Carpathian-Programme and WWF-Auen-Institut (Germany) Preface The "Evaluation of Wetlands and Flkoodplain Areas in the Danube River Basin" study was prepared in the frame of the Danube Pollution Reduction Programme (PRP). The Study has been undertaken to define priority wetland and floodplain rehabilitation sites as a component of the Pollution reduction Programme. The present report addresses the identification of former floodplains and wetlands in the Danube River Basin, as well as the description of the current status and evaluation of the ecological importance of the potential for rehabilitation. Based on this evaluation, 17 wetland/floodplain sites have been identified for rehabilitation considering their ecological importance, their nutrient removal capacity and their role in flood protection. Most of the identified wetlands will require transboundary cooperation and represent an important first step in retoring the ecological balance in the Danube River Basin. The results are presented in the form of thematic maps that can be found in Annex I of the study. The study was prepared by the WWF-Danube-Carpathian-Programme and the WWF-Auen-Institut (Institute for Floodplains Ecology, WWF-Germany), under the guidance of the UNDP/GEF team of experts of the Danube Programme Coordination Unit (DPCU) in Vienna, Austria. Wetland experts were selected in each participating Danube country to ensure full participation at the national level while taking into account local priorities in identifying the potential for wetland restoration. Moreover, the wetland sites were discussed in the frame of National Planning Workshops and projects were identified for restoration activities. In the frame of the Transboundary Analysis Workshop in January 1999 held in Hernstein, the preliminary results of the study have been presented, An additional four wetlands sites have been identified and included in the presentation of the thematic maps. The conceptual preparation and the organization of activities were carried out by Joachim Bendow, UNDP/GEF Project Manager and Andy Garner, UNDP/GEF Environmental Specialist who also followed and coordinated the development of the project. The report has been edited by Michael Sokolnikov. The findings, interpretation and conclusions expressed in this publication are entirely those of the authors and should not be attributed in any matter to the UNDP/GEF and its affiliated organizations. Carried out by: WWF-Auen-Institut Josefstraße 1 W-76437 Rastatt Head of institute Prof. Dr. Emil Dister Project responsible: Detlef Günther-Diringer, MSc Philip Weller, WWF-International Experts involved: Prof. Dr. Emil Dister Dr. Petr. Obrdlík Dr. Erika Schneider Dr. Eckbert Schneider Mag. Ulrich Schwarz Dipl.- Ing. Arno Mohl Dipl.- Geograph Holger Lilienthal Franz Diegruber Nils Harm Martin Döppke Christoph Kuhn WWF would like to express their thanks to all scientific colleagues who have contributed to this project by providing data. Adámková, J., Bratislava, Slovak Republic. Mandic, R., Novi Beograd, Yugoslavia. Albu, D., Braila, Romania. Marin, S., Plovdiv, Bulgaria Bacalbasa-Dobrovici N., Galati, Romania. Mikuska, T., Osijek, Croatia. Banarescu, P., Bucuresti, Romania. Milosevic, J., Novi Beograd, Yugoslavia. Bécsy L., Budapest, Hungary. Nuhic, D., Sarajevo, Bosnia. Belous, T., Chisinau, Molodova. Pintar, M., Cakovec, Croatia. Beltram, G., Ljubljana, Slowenia. Pintér, K. Budapest, Hungary. Beltrán, J., Cambridge, Great Britain. Polenka, E., Brno, Czech Republic. Bernardová, I., Brno, Czech Republic Popescu, A. Bucuresti, Romania. Bezzel, E., Garmisch Partenkirchen, Germany. Blank S., Langenargen, Germany. Prenner, C., Wien, Austria. Böszörmenyi, K., Pécs, Hungary. Profirov, L., Sofia, Bulgaria. Bracko, F., Maribor, Slowenien. Puzovic, S. Novi Sad, Yugoslavia. Brankovic, D., Novi Sad, Yugoslavia. Rákosy, L., Cluj-Napoca, Romania Brunner, R.,Wien, Austria. Ranner, A., Wien, Austria. Budakov, L., Novi Sad, Yugoslavia. Sallai, Z., Szarvas, Hungary. Bures, S., Olomouc, Czech Republic. Sanda, V., Bucuresti, Romania. Chytil, J., Mikulov, Czech Republic. Schneider-Jacoby, M., Radolfzell, Germany. Cukic, Z., Novi Beograd, Yugoslavia. Schrammel, Wien, Austria. Darolova, E., Bratislava, Slovak Republic. Djukic, N., Novi Sad, Yugoslavia. Sekulic, N., Novi Sad, Yugoslavia. Gastescu, P., Bucharest, Romania. Shmud, M., Vilkovo, Ukraine. Glavan, T., Galati, Romania. Spindler, T., Kreuttal, Austria. Globevnik, Lidija, Ljubljana, Slowenia. Stanova, V., Bratislava, Slovak Republic. Goriup, N., Odessa, Ukraine. Stejskal, J., Haraszthy, L., Budapest, Hungary. Sterba, O., Olomouc, Czech Republic. Harka, A., Tiszafüred, Hungary. Stumberger, B., Cirkulane, Slowenia. Harsanyi, A., Landshut, Germany Sukop, I., Lednice na Hoch, Landshut, Germany. Szabolcs, N., Budapest, Hungary. Holcik J., Bratislava, Slovak Republic. !"# Hulea, D., Tulcea, Romania Tatár, D., Budapest, Hungary. Iankov, P., Sofia, Bulgaria. Tinchev, G., Bulgaria. Jones, T., Gland, Switzerland. Uherkovich, A., Budapest, Hungary Kalocsa, B., Baja, Hungary. $ % # Kanuch, P., Vranov nad Toplou, Slovak Republic. $ "& Katal, Gödöllö, Hungary. Weber, P., Medias, Romania. Keresztessy, K., Gödöllö, Hungary. Wißmath, P., München, Germany Kollanyi, L., Budapest, Hungary. Wutzer, R., Augsburg, Germany. Körthy, A., Malacky, Slovak Republic Zauner, G., Wien, Austria. Kotenko, A.G., Kiew, Ukraine Zellei, A., Gland, Switzerland. Kovacs, T., Budapest, Hungary. Zuna-Kratky, T., Wien, Austria. Leibl, F., Parkstetten, Germany. Lisicky´, M. J., Bratislava, Slovak Republic Lusk, S,. Brno, Czech Republic Machar, I., Olomouc, Czech Republic Majer, J., Pecs, Hungary. Makovinská, J. Bratislava, Slovak Republic Maletin, S., Novi Sad, Yugoslavia. Malicky, M., Linz, Austria Maltsev, V., Kiew. Ukraine Table of Contents 1. Introduction.................................................................................................... 1 2. Background and Methodology ..................................................................... 3 2.1. General Spatial Data..................................................................................4 2.1.1. Historical Maps..............................................................................4 2.1.2. Current Maps..................................................................................5 2.1.2.1. Topographical Maps.................................................................5 2.1.2.2. Thematic Maps.........................................................................6 2.1.3. Landuse Data..................................................................................7 2.1.4. Remote Sensing Data.....................................................................7 2.1.4.1. Landsat Evaluation Methodology ............................................8 2.1.4.2. Evaluation of the Landsat Classification Results.....................9 2.2. Geographical Subdivision..........................................................................9 2.3. Hydrological Data ....................................................................................10 2.4. Bioindicators.............................................................................................10 2.4.1. Basics ...........................................................................................10 2.4.2. Selection Criteria..........................................................................11 2.4.3. Description of the Selected Bioindicator Species ........................13 2.5. Inventory of Selected Protected Areas (incl. the Ramsar Convention) ................................................................16 2.6. Nutrient Reduction Potential in Waters.................................................19 2.7. Data for an Economical Evaluation........................................................19 2.8. Methodology .............................................................................................20 2.8.1. Evaluation of the Ecological Potential.........................................21 2.8.2. Evaluation of the Rehabilitation Potential ...................................23 2.8.3. Evaluation of Nutrient Reduction Potential.................................24 2.8.4. Economic Evaluation ...................................................................25 3. General Description of the Danube River Basin....................................... 27 3.1. Description of the Geographical Subdivision ........................................27 3.2. Hydrological Description.........................................................................32 3.2.1. Problem of Deepening .................................................................34 3.3. Occurrence of Bioindicator Species........................................................36 vii 4. Evaluation of Area Sections ........................................................................41 4.1. Ecological Evaluation Classified According to River Catchment Areas ......................................................................................41
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