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J. Wetlands Biodiversity (2018) 8: 113-148

THE MACROLEPIDOPTERA (INSECTA) OF THE RAZELM-SINOE LAGOON COMPLEX (DOBROGEA, )

Levente Székely

Received: 04.06.2018 / Accepted: 04.07.2018

Abstract: The is one of the most important biosphere reserves of . The most important component of this reserve stands for the Razelm-Sinoe Lagoon Complex placed in the southern part of the Danube Delta. In this work are shown the outmost results of Macrolepidoptera (Insecta: ) of this region, based on faunistic research carried out during 2007-2018, in over 40 collecting trips. 552 of Macrolepidoptera are listed, and as a new approach, the species are presented according to the most characteristic habitats they can be found in. The most important Macrolepidoptera species in this area are Megaspilates mundataria (Stoll, 1782), porphyrinia (Freyer, 1845) and argentina (Fabricius, 1787), only to be found in Europe in this region (on The European Union territory). A special attention shall be paid to a series of very rare species, located in this region, that are known in Romania, especially on the territory of the Razelm-Sinoe Lagoon Complex, e.g.: Lasiocampa eversmanni (Eversmann, 1843), Narraga tessularia (Metzner, 1845), Chariaspilates formosaria (Eversmann, 1837), orientalis (Alphéraky, 1876), sericeata (Hubner, [1813]), Eupithecia variostrigata (Alphéraky, 1876), Eupithecia biornata (Christoph, 1867), parasita (Hübner, 1790), Rhyparioides metelkana (Lederer, 1861), bifasciata (Petagna, 1787), syriaca (Bugnion, 1837), Leucania punctosa (Treitscke, 1825), Protarchanara brevilinea (Fenn, 1864), Dychagyris melanura (Kollar, 1846), Cervina (Gortyna) cervago (Eversmann, 1844), Cucullia biornata (Fischer v. Waldheim, 1840), Episema lederi (Christoph, 1885), Saragossa siccanorum (Staudinger, 1870), Saragossa porosa (Eversmann, 1854), Cardepia hartigi (Parenzan, 1981), Agrotis desertorum (Boisduval, 1840) etc.

Keywords: conservation, Danube Delta, Insecta, Macrolepidoptera, Razelm-Sinoe Lagoon Complex, South-East Romania

Introduction:1 covered by lakes, especially by lagoons (Fig. 1). The whole Complex is part of the Danube The Razelm-Sinoe Lagoon Complex is Delta Biosphere Reserve (DDBR / RBDD), situated in the southern part of the Danube which is the largest and the most famous Delta, in Eastern Dobrogea, with a total protected natural area in Romania, with a total surface of 1145 km2, out of which 863 km2 are territory of 500334 ha (Făgăraș et al. 2008).

Levente Székely: George Moroianu Blvd. 297 505600 Săcele, Brașov Romania e-mail: [email protected]

Istros – Museum of Braila "Carol I" 114 J. Wetlands Biodiversity (2018) 8: 113-148

Figure no. 1 Location of The Razelm-Sinoe Lagoon Complex

Due to human activities the scenery of the existence of salty swamps in their Razelm-Sinoe Lagoon Complex suffered proximity (Făgăraș et al. 2008). irreversible changes. The accomplishment of The Razelm-Sinoe Lagoon Complex is major hydrotechnical projects and part of the Danube Delta Biosphere Reserve, waterworks split the Complex into two units: with a triple international status: Reserve of - the Razelm Unit (the northern part of the Biosphere, Ramsar site and site of World the Complex) consisting of Lake Natural and Cultural Heritage. The whole Razelm, Lake Golovița, Lake Zmeica Lepidoptera fauna of The Danube Delta and Lake Babadag, which were (which includes The Razelm-Sinoe Lagoon insulated from the influence of sea Complex) can be considered fairly rich. From water and turned into a huge the Danube Delta fauna have been published freshwater reservoir to supply the up to the present day 540 species of irrigation systems. The surface of Macrolepidoptera (Székely 2006) and 475 Lake Razelm is 415 km2 and its depth species of de Microlepidoptera studied mostly is of 3 meters. This is the largest water by the outstanding entomologist Aurelian territory of the Lagoon Complex. The Popescu-Gorj, within the period 1965-1985 salinity of the lakes is very low, e.g. (Popescu-Gorj 1985). The Danube Delta and 0.5% in case of Lake Razelm, having the Lagoon Complex are the youngest the highest salinity of all lakes that territories from Romania and Europe and own form The Complex (Făgăraș et al. a permanently changing pattern. Certainly, a 2008); lot of ”enigmatic” species, which are absent - the Sinoe Unit (the southern part of in the neighbouring regions, can be The Complex), consisting of Lake highlighted in the area. Some of them can be Sinoe, Lake Nuntaşi and Lake Tuzla, identified as closest only in the Crimean this part being still connected to the Peninsula. The first to draw attention upon waters of The . Lake Sinoe them was the coleopterologist Nicolae has a total surface of 135 km2 and is 2 Săvulescu, who demonstrated on the presence meters deep. The salinity of these of some very old Coleoptera species lakes of up to 5% leads to the pertaining to sandbanks that had existed before the Danube Delta was formed

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(Săvulescu 1985). Nowadays Dobrogea with Annexes), Sinoe, Histria (Figs. 7 and 8, the Danube Delta represents probably the Annexes) (especially from the Histria most studied territory of Romania from a Fortress), Grindul Chituc (Chituc Sandbank), lepidopterological point of view. With Vadu, Corbu (Fig. 9, Annexes) etc. The new approximately 1000 species of approach of this work is that the species are Macrolepidoptera, Dobrogea has an not listed upon collecting and observation outstanding importance both in the Romanian sites. Their distribution is shown according to and European fauna. The diversity and very characteristic Lepidoptera habitat types, richness of the fauna of Dobrogea is primarily as follows: determined by its geographical position, since - coastal sandy areas, are characterized this region represents the northernmost range by a combination of psammophile and of numerous Balkan species and the western halophile vegetation, with species limit of numerous species characteristic to the strictly adapted to the particular Asian steppes. In this article are listed 552 ecological conditions. The species of Macrolepidoptera to the Razelm- Lepidoptera fauna which is Sinoe Lagoon Complex (Tab. 1, Annexes). characteristic to this habitats has been On the grounds of the number of species we studied mostly in the areas of Corbu, may say that the fauna of The Razelm-Sinoe Vadu and Chituc Sandbank beaches at Lagoon Complex is richer than that of The The Black Sea shore (Fig. 9, Danube Delta (with 475 species of Annexes); Macrolepidoptera) (Székely 2006). One shall - freshwater swamps, are located in the not forget the fact, that the Complex is far northern part (The Razelm Unit). The more accessible in terms of faunistic research Lepidoptera fauna, which is and investigation opportunities which are by characteristic to this habitat, has been far better than in the Danube Delta, whose studied mostly on the Babadag and sites are mostly reachable by waterways. Enisala (Fig. 5, Annexes); - salty swamps, are located mostly in the southern part (Sinoe Unit). The Materials and methods: Lepidoptera fauna which is characteristic to this habitat has been The diurnal collecting was done with the studied mostly on the Histria Fortress net, while the nocturnal (Figs. 7 and 8, Annexes); species were captured by using a 125 W - steppes, are located in the mercury vapor bulb placed in front of a northern part of Lake Razelm. The white sheet and powered by a portable Lepidoptera fauna which is gasoline electricity generator. In addition, characteristic to this habitats has been three to seven portable light traps with 8 W studied mostly on the Murighiol, white and black light tubes were used Sarinasuf and Plopul sites (Figs. 2, 3 during each collecting event. Data collection and 4, Annexes); and observations cover a period of over ten - steppe habitats on limestone rocks, years (2007-2018) and the annual interval constitute the most important from 24th of March - 10th of November. The entomofauna habitats, occupy reduced research material originates from numerous areas, but concentrate a high number collecting places from the perimeter of the of localized steppe species. The Razelm-Sinoe Lagoon System, for example: characteristic Lepidoptera fauna to Mahmudia, Murighiol (Fig. 2, Annexes), this habitat has been studied mostly on Plopul, Sarinasuf (Figs. 3 and 4, Annexes), the Enisala Fortress site (Fig. 5, Valea Nucarilor, Agighiol, Enisala (Fig. 5, Annexes); Annexes) (especially from the Enisala - forests remnants, they are identified as Fortress), Visterna, Capul Doloșman (Fig. 6, forest remnants or just plantations.

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There are no genuine forests in this Russian far East, Korea and . Dobrogea area. The Lepidoptera fauna which is currently represents the western limit of characteristic to this habitat has been distribution of this species. Its presence in studied mostly on the Plopul, Enisala Romania was confirmed only in 1995, based and Visterna sites (Fig. 4, Annexes); on two females were collected on the eastern - ruderalised areas, they constitute very shore of the Razelm Lake (Ruști and Stănescu characteristic habitats, and due to the 1995). Currently known only in Histria and vast agricultural land surfaces on the Periteașca area. territory of the Razelm-Sinoe Lagoon Complex, the Lepidoptera fauna of the Scopula orientalis (Alphéraky, 1876). ruderalised areas is fairly rich. This Species recently reported as new for the fauna varied fauna is determined by the of Romania, found at the Enisala Fortress (in presence of farms, orchards, gardens the press, Dincă and Székely 2018). The etc. These stood for a refugee shelter nearest populations are found in southern for the steppe and forest fauna, which . Currently known only in Enisala existed once in this area. area.

Eublemma porphyrinia (Freyer, 1845). Results and discussion: Small sized species, wingspan of 10-15 mm, whitish ocher colour. In the centre of the fore Undoubtedly the most important wings and on the external margin it shows two Lepidopteran species from the whole territory ranges of poorly marked brown spots. Xero- of the Lagoon Complex are those ones, which thermophilous species occurs in dry rocky are known from the fauna of Romania as steppes, sandy steppes and limestone areas having their habitats only in this area. We (Anikin et al. 2000; Volynkin 2012). Early have to mention especially Megaspilates stages and foodplants unknown, probably mundataria, Eublemma porphyrinia and larvae feed on Asteraceae (Fibiger et al. Cucullia argentina, to be found only in this 2010). Distribution: Siberian - Mediterranean, area (on the EU territory). Meanwhile, in the subboreal, known from , last ten years, from the territory of The , SE European part of Russia, Razelm-Sinoe Lagoon Complex have been Southern Ural, Russian Altai, Western reported the most of the newly observed and Ukraine. The populations from Macrolepidoptera species as far as the fauna Enisala and Sarinasuf-Plopul (Tulcea) is the of Romania is concerned, such as: westernmost known in Europe (Székely Grammodes bifasciata, Cucullia argentina, 2016b). Currently known only in Enisala and Leucania punctosa, Protarchanara Sarinasuf-Plopul area. brevilinea, Scopula orientalis. However, we shall mention, that this region constitutes the Cucullia argentina (Fabricius, 1787) (Fig. 11, most intensely researched Lepidoptera fauna Annexes). territory of Romania in the last ten years. The Reported from Romania, based on material most remarkable species of the Razelm-Sinoe collected at Plopul-Sarinasuf (Székely and Lagoon Complex are: Dincă 2009). It is a xerophilous species, typical to steppes with Artemisia, its larval Species reported in Romania only from the food plant. The population from northern Razelm-Sinoe Complex: Dobrogea currently represents the western range limit for this taxon in Europe (Székely Megaspilates mundataria (Stoll, 1782) (Fig. et al. 2011). Currently known only in 10, Annexes). Sarinasuf-Plopul area. Distributed from Eastern Europe across large parts of the Palaearctic and reaching the

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Leucania punctosa (Treitscke, 1825). 2003). Currently known only in Histria and Holo-Mediterranean-Iranian species, largely Corbu area. distributed from the Mediterranean Basin in the west to Turkmenistan in the east. It occurs Narraga tessularia kasyi (Metzner, 1845) in North Africa (from to Libya and (Fig. 13, Annexes). Sinai in ), southern Europe including More abundant in salty steppes with the large Mediterranean islands: Balearics, Artemisia maritima (its larval food plant). Corsica, Sardinia, Sicily, Crete, Malta, Local populations are present in , Cyprus, southern Ukraine, , , , , Romania, Russia, , , , , and Slovakia, and Ukraine. The Romanian Turkmenistan (Ivinskis and Miatleuski 1999; populations belong to kasyi Hacker et al. 2002; Kljuchko 2006; Moucha et Povolny, 1957 (Rákosy and Kravchenko et al. 2007; Kljuchko et al. 2009; Schneider 1985). It is very local in Romania Székely and Dincă 2012). Currently known and always associated to salty steppes only in Sarinasuf-Plopul area. (Székely et al. 2011).

Protarchanara brevilinea (Fenn, 1864) (Fig. Chariaspilates formosaria (Eversmann, 12, Annexes). 1837). The presence of this species in south-eastern Species with transpalaearctic distribution Romania is quite surprising. Until now it was associated to humid biotopes such as marshes known especially from northern Europe and and flooded areas. In Romania it is known : British Isles, , Sweden, the only in the extreme north-west and the south- , Finland, , Latvia, east of the country (Székely et al. 2011). Lithuania, Estonia, and Russia (Volga and Don, the , Southern Urals, South- Idaea sericeata (Hübner, [1813]). Western , Transbaikalia and Amur Thermophilous species, very characteristic of Region). The flies in one generation the rocky slopes with steppe vegetation. It from middle June to August. The larvae feed was reported quite frequently at Enisala on Phragmites. This species is usually Fortress, recently at Doloșman Cape. In confined to steppe and salt marshes. More Romania it is known only in the Harghita recently it was also found near Vadu Mountains (very old data from 1934), and in (Constanţa County) close to the Black Sea the Măcin Mountains - Pricopan (Kovács and coast (S. Kovács pers. comm.). The Kovács 1998). populations currently known from Dobrogea are the southernmost in Europe (Székely, Eupithecia variostrigata (Alphéraky, 1876). 2016a). Currently known only in Enisala and Distributed in southern and eastern Europe, Vadu areas. Asia Minor, Crimea, the Caucasus and Central Asia. In Romania it is found only in Very characteristic species of Razelm-Sinoe Dobrogea and the Danube Delta (Rákosy et Complex, known in Romanian fauna al. 2003), but can be found in relatively large especially from this area: numbers in salty steppe areas with Artemisia, which represents its larval food plant (Székely Lasiocampa eversmanni (Eversmann, 1843). 2006; Székely et al. 2011). This taxon has been first recorded in the Romanian fauna as a form of Lasiocampa Eupithecia biornata (Christoph, 1867). trifolii ([Denis et Schiffermüller], 1775) Distributed in the eastern , southern (Popescu-Gorj 1985). More recently it has Ukraine, Caucasus, Kazakhstan, Asia Minor, been reported as distinct species (Székely southern Siberia, and Mongolia. In Romania 2000), and has been included in the checklist it is localized, being known only from of Romanian Lepidoptera (Rákosy et al. Dobrogea and the Danube Delta (Rákosy et

Istros – Museum of Braila "Carol I" 118 J. Wetlands Biodiversity (2018) 8: 113-148 al. 2003), where it is associated to steppes and distribution limit in Romania (Dobrogea and sandy areas (Székely 2006). The populations Danube Delta) (Székely 2012). from northern , north-eastern Bulgaria and Romanian Dobrogea mark the melanura (Kollar, 1846) (Fig. 20, westernmost range in Europe (Székely et al. Annexes). 2011). Ponto-Mediterranean element, known in Romania only from Dobrogea (Rákosy and (Hübner, 1790) (Figs. 14 Wieser 2000; Székely 2012). Currently and 15, Annexes). known only in Enisala area. The discovery of a vigorous population at Cetatea Enisala (Enisala Fortress), confirms Cervina (Gortyna) cervago (Eversmann, that in Dobrogea may exist numerous 1844) (Figs. 21 and 22, Annexes). populations of this local species. Ocnogyna Mediterranean - Turanian element, spread in parasita was collected for the last time in the eastern part of the Balkan Peninsula, Asia Romania in 1965 (Timişoara), and the only Minor, Ukraine, Armenia, Turkmenistan and report in the last 50 years is a photograph of a Southern Russia. Associated to warm steppe female specimen found in central Dobrogea areas, it is very little known in Romania, (Gura Dobrogei) (Manci and Rákosy 2013; where it has been found in a mere handful Székely 2016a). Currently known only in localities in and Dobrogea (Rákosy Enisala area. 1996; Székely et al. 2011).

Rhyparioides metelkana (Lederer, 1861) Cucullia biornata (Fischer v. Waldheim, (Figs. 16 and 17, Annexes). 1840) (Figs. 23 and 24, Annexes). This species is emblematic for the Danube Very rare and local species in Romania. The Delta Biosphere Reserve where the largest populations from eastern Bulgaria and south- populations in Europe survive. It is a typical eastern Romania (Dobrogea) mark the inhabitant of marshy areas and has much western distribution limit of this species in regressed due to habitat loss. In Romania it is Europe (Székely et al. 2011). present in the south-west (Banat), in southern Dobrogea and the Danube Delta where it can Episema lederi (Christoph, 1885). sometimes be very abundant (Székely et al. Ponto-Turkestanian species is very local in 2011). Europe typical only of Greece, Macedonia, Bulgaria and Romania (Ronkay et al. 2001). Grammodes bifasciata (Petagna, 1787) (Fig. In Romania it is known only from Dobrogea 18, Annexes). (Rákosy 1996, Székely et al. 2011). Currently Afro-Tropical element, extending as far north known only in Histria area. as the Mediterranean Basin. It was recently reported as new species in the fauna of Saragossa siccanorum (Staudinger, 1870) Romania, based on a photograph taken in (Fig. 25, Annexes). nature (Rákosy and Mihai 2011). The first Turano-Eremic species, that reaches in specimens collected in Romania come from Dobrogea its westernmost distribution limit in Histria, in 2011 (Székely 2012). Currently Europe (Székely et al. 2011; Székely 2012). known only in Enisala, Corbu and Sarinasuf- Currently known only in Sarinasuf-Plopul Plopul areas. area.

Clytie syriaca (Bugnion, 1837) (Fig. 19, Saragossa porosa (Eversmann, 1854). Annexes). Xerothermophilous species characteristic of Mediterranean element, widespread in the steppe areas with Artemisia. It is very local in Balkans, Asia Minor, Cyprus and the Near Romania where it has populations in the west East. The species reaches its northernmost and south-east of the country (Székely et al.

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2011). Currently known only in Sarinasuf- characterized by interferences of the Balkanic Plopul area. and south Ukrainian and Russian steppes, aspect which is reflected in the presence of Cardepia hartigi (Parenzan, 1981). many Lepidoptera taxa that reach here their Cardepia hartigi is known in Europe only westernmost distribution limit in Europe. It is from southern , Greece, Romania, worth noting that several areas similar to the Turkey, Cyprus, and Ukraine. It is a ones investigated by us can still be found in halophilous species, characteristic for the Dobrogea, especially in the surroundings of salty steppes near lakes or sea shores (Székely the large lakes or on the Black Sea coast et al. 2011). (Székely et al. 2011). Protection and threats. Nowadays the entire Other localized and rare species: Catopta territory of The Razelm-Sinoe Lagoon thrips (Hübner, 1818); Dyspessa salicicola Complex pertains to The Danube Delta (Eversmann, 1848); Orthostixis cribraria Biosphere Reserve (DDBR). Thus the (Hübner, 1799); Rhodostrophia protection measures hold valid to this discopunctata (Amsel, 1935); Eupithecia territory, too. Although there are a lot of extensaria (Freyer, 1844); Dasycorsa protected species in pursuance of European modesta (Staudinger, 1879); Eublemma Law (Lycaena dispar, Euplagia ostrina (Hübner, [1808]); Chelis maculosa quadripunctaria, Catopta thrips, Parnassius mannerheimii (Duponchel, 1936) (Fig. 26, mnemosyne, Proserpinus proserpina, Hyles Annexes); festiva (Hufnagel, 1766) hippophaes, Apatura metis) and numerous (Fig. 27, Annexes); Arctia villica (Linnaeus, protected ones by National Law (Cucullia 1758) (Fig. 28, Annexes); biornata, Diachrysia chryson deltaica, caucasica (Kolenati, 1846) (Fig. 29, Euchloe ausonia, Everes alcetas, Lemonia Annexes); Diachrysia chryson deltaica balcanica, Pyrgus sidae, Rhyparioides (Rákosy, 1996); Diachrysia nadeja metelkana), the protection measures are only (Oberthür, 1880); Cornutiplusia circumflexa stipulated on paper, in reality nothing is done. (Linnaeus, 1767); Acontia titania (Esper, Vast areas are turned in pasture, land cleared [1798]); Symira dentinosa (Freyer, 1839); by vegetation burning is a common practice Mycteroplus puniceago (Boisduval, 1840); etc. The protection of species in Romania Cucullia santonici (Hübner, [1813]); Enargia (also in Europe) means the protection of abluta (Hübner, [1808]); Cleoceris scoriacea individuals that has no sense. The habitat of (Esper, [1789]); Ulochlaena hirta (Hübner, the species also has to be protected, not only [1813]); Agrotis desertorum (Boisduval, the adult individuals. By individuals shall be 1840) (Fig. 30, Annexes); Chersotis laeta understood all life cycle stages: (eggs, larva, macini (Rákosy, Stangelmeier et Wieser, chrysalis), not only the adult stage! Evidently 1996); Chersotis fimbriola niculescui their protection cannot be done, only by way (Rákosy, 1997); Pyrgus sidae (Esper, of protection of their habitat. [1784]); Hipparchia syriaca (Staudinger, 1871); Lemonia balcanica (Herrich-Schäffer, 1847 ) (Fig. 31, Annexes) etc. Rezumat:

MACROLEPIDOPTERELE (INSECTA) Conclusions: DIN COMPLEXUL LAGUNAR RAZELM - SINOE The presence in the Razelm-Sinoe Lagoon (DOBROGEA, ROMÂNIA) Complex of many extremely localized species, considered very rare in the Romanian Delta Dunării este una din cele mai and even European fauna underlines the importante rezervații naturale (rezervație a faunistical importance of this area. The area is biosferei) din Europa. O parte importantă din

Istros – Museum of Braila "Carol I" 120 J. Wetlands Biodiversity (2018) 8: 113-148 teritoriul acestei rezervații este ocupată de Szabóky (Hungary), Gyula Szabó †, Sorin Marius Complexul Lagunar Razelm-Sinoe, aflat la Stanciu, Dragoş Firţa, Robert Görbe, István Nagy, sudul deltei. În lucrare sunt prezentate cele Sándor Lehel Csaba and Cristian Sitar (Romania). mai importante rezultate privind fauna de Many thanks to the reviewers for their Macrolepidoptere (Insecta: Lepidoptera) din constructive comments! această zonă, pe baza cercetărilor faunistice realizate în perioada 2007-2018, în peste 40 de expediții de colectări. Sunt listate 552 References: specii de Macrolepidoptere, și ca noutate ANIKIN V.V., SACHKOV S.A., ZOLOTUHIN speciile sunt prezentate pe tipurile de habitate V.V., SVIRIDOV A.V. (2000), Fauna cele mai caracteristice în care au fost întâlnite. lepidopterologica Volgo-Uralensis 150 years Cele mai importante specii de later: changes and additions, Part 5. . Macrolepidoptere sunt Megaspilates (Insecta, Lepidoptera), Atalanta mundataria (Stoll, 1782), Eublemma (Marktleuthen) 31 (1-2): 327-367. porphyrinia (Freyer, 1845) și Cucullia DINCĂ V., SZÉKELY L. (2018), First record of argentina (Fabricius, 1787), care în Europa Scopula orientalis (Alphéraky, 1876) sunt întâlnite doar aici (pe teritoriul UE). De (Lepidoptera, Geometridae) in Romania, at the asemenea sunt de remarcat și o serie de specii northern limit of the Balkans, Nota foarte rare și localizate, cunoscute în fauna lepidopterologica (in press.). FĂGĂRAȘ M., GOMOIU M.T., JIANU L., României mai ales de pe teritoriul SKOLKA M., ANASTASIU P., Complexului Lagunar Razelm-Sinoe, de COGĂLNICEANU D. (2008), Strategia exemplu: Lasiocampa eversmanni privind conservarea biodiversității costiere a (Eversmann, 1843), Narraga tessularia Dobrogei, Ed. Ex Ponto, Constanța. (Metzner, 1845), Chariaspilates formosaria FIBIGER M., RONKAY L., YELA J.L., ZILLI A. (Eversmann, 1837), Scopula orientalis (2010), Rivulinae, Eutelinae and (Alphéraky, 1876), Idaea sericeata (Hubner, Micronoctuidae, Noctuidae Europaeae, vol. [1813]), Eupithecia variostrigata (Alphéraky, 12, Sorø Ent. Press. 1876), Eupithecia biornata (Christoph, HACKER H., RONKAY L., HREBLAY M. 1867), Ocnogyna parasita (Hübner, 1790), (2002), I, Noctuidae Europaeae, Sorø Entomological Press, vol. 4. Rhyparioides metelkana (Lederer, 1861), IVINSKIS P., MIATLEUSKI J. (1999), Data on Grammodes bifasciata (Petagna, 1787), Noctuidae (Lepidoptera) of Turkmenistan, Clytie syriaca (Bugnion, 1837), Leucania Acta Zoologica Lituanica 9 (1): 201-208. punctosa (Treitscke, 1825), Protarchanara KLJUCHKO Z.F. (2006), Sovky Ukrainy - The brevilinea (Fenn, 1864), Dichagyris Noctuids of Ukraine, Rajevsky Scientific melanura (Kollar, 1846), Cervina (Gortyna) Publishers, Kyiv. cervago (Eversmann, 1844), Cucullia KLJUCHKO Z.F., MATOV A.Y., KHALAIM biornata (Fischer v. Waldheim, 1840), E.V. (2009), Addition to the fauna of Noctuids Episema lederi (Christoph, 1885), Saragossa (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae s. l.) of the Northern siccanorum (Staudinger, 1870), Saragossa Black Sea region (Odessa Province, Ukraine), Eversmannia 17-18: 71-80. porosa (Eversmann, 1854), Cardepia hartigi KOVÁCS S., KOVÁCS Z. (1998), Idaea (Parenzan, 1981), Agrotis desertorum sericeata (Hübner, [1813]), (Lepidoptera, (Boisduval, 1840) etc. Geometridae) în fauna României, Muzeul Județean Bistrița, Studii și Cercetări (Științele Naturii) 4: 269-271. Acknowledgements: KRAVCHENKO V.D., FIBIGER M., MOOSER J., JUNNILA A., MÜLLER G.C. (2007), The I am grateful to all the collaborators who helped Hadeninae of Israel (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae), me to perform this research: Peter Haneschlǟger Shilap, Revista de Lepidopterología 35 (140): (Austria), Vlad Eugen Dincă (Finland), György 441-454. Makranczy, Tamás Hácz, István Juhász and Csaba MANCI C.O., RÁKOSY L. (2013), Ocnogyna parasita Hb. (, ) în fauna

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României, Buletin Informativ Societatea Muzeul “Deltei Dunării” Tulcea, Studii și Lepidopterologică Română 24: 64-65. comunicări 2: 147-157. POPESCU-GORJ A. (1985), Rezultatele noilor SZÉKELY L. (2000), Lasiocampa eversmanni cercetări privind fauna de lepidoptere a Deltei (Eversmann, 1843) și Lasiocampa quercus Dunării (grindul Letea), Muzeul “Deltei alpina (Freyer, 1880) (Lepidoptera: Dunării” Tulcea, Studii și comunicări 2: 65-86. Lasiocampidae) în fauna României, Muzeul RÁKOSY L. (1996), Die Noctuiden Rumäniens, Judeţean Argeş, Piteşti, Naturalia. Studii şi Stapfhia, Linz. cercetări 4-5: 123-126. RÁKOSY L., SCHNEIDER E. (1985), Über SZÉKELY L. (2006), Lepidopterele (Fluturii) din Narraga tessularia kasyi in Rumänien Delta Dunării, Disz-Tipo, Săcele. (Lepidoptera, Geometridae), Muz. Brukenthal, SZÉKELY L. (2012), The Macrolepidoptera Sibiu, Stud. com. şt. nat. 26: 305-311. (Insecta) of Central Dobrogea, Travaux du RÁKOSY L., MIHAI C. (2011), Grammodes Muséum National d’Histoire Naturelle bifasciata (Petagna, 1787) şi Acontia „Grigore Antipa” 55 (1): 125-166. (Emmelia) candefacta (Hübner, [1831]) SZÉKELY L. (2016a), Early spring Lepidoptera (Lepidoptera, Noctuidae) specii nou pătrunse (Insecta, Lepidoptera) from Romanian în fauna României, Buletin de Informare Dobrogea, Brukenthal Sibiu, Acta Musei XI 3: Entomologică 22: 11-13. 421-432. RÁKOSY L., WIESER C. (2000), Das Măcin SZÉKELY L. (2016b), New and rare Gebirge (Rumänien, Nord-Dobrudscha), Ein Macrolepidoptera (Insecta) from Romanian durch hohe Biodiversität gekennzeichnetes Dobrogea (South-East Romania), Travaux du Refugium reliktärer Arten. Fauna und Flora, Muséum National d’Histoire Naturelle unter besonderer Berücksichtigung der „Grigore Antipa” 59 (2): 195-230. Schmetterlinge und der SZÉKELY L., DINCĂ V. (2009), Cucullia Vegetationsverhältnisse, Carinthia II, argentina (Fabricius, 1787) and Saragossa Jahrgang 190/110: 7-115. porosa porosa (Eversmann, 1854) from the RÁKOSY L., GOIA M., KOVÁCS Z. (2003), steppes of Dobrogea, Romania (Noctuidae), Catalogul Lepidopterelor României / Nota lepidopterologica 32 (2): 99-110. Verzeichnis der Schmetterlinge Rumäniens, SZÉKELY L., DINCĂ V. (2012), Leucania Societatea Lepidopterologică Română, Cluj- punctosa (Treitschke, 1825) (Lepidoptera: Napoca. Noctuidae) a new species for the Romanian RONKAY L., LUIS YELA J., HREBLAY M. fauna, Phegea 40 (4): 87-91. (2001), Hadeninae II, Noctuidae Europaeae, SZÉKELY L., DINCĂ V., JUHÁSZ I. (2011), vol. 5, Entomological Press, Sorø. Macrolepidoptera from the steppes of RUŞTI D., STĂNESCU M. (1995), Conchia Dobrogea (southeastern Romania), Phegea 39 mundata Stoll, 1782 (Lepidoptera: (3): 85-106. Geometridae) at the first mention in the VOLYNKIN A.V. (2012), Noctuidae of the Romanian fauna, Travaux du Muséum Russian Altai (Lepidoptera), Proceedings of d’Histoire Naturelle „Grigore Antipa” 35: the Tigirek State Natural Reserve, Vol. 347-352. 5, Barnaul. SĂVULESCU N. (1985), Prezențe și absențe enigmatice în entomofauna Deltei Dunării,

Annexes:

Istros – Museum of Braila "Carol I" 122 J. Wetlands Biodiversity (2018) 8: 113-148

Figure no. 2 Collecting place Murighiol (Photo: L. Székely)

Figure no. 3 Collecting place Sarinasuf-Plopul (Photo: L. Székely)

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Figure no. 4 Collecting place Sarinasuf-Plopul (Photo: L. Székely)

Figure no. 5 Collecting place Enisala (Photo: L. Székely)

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Figure no. 6 Collecting place Capul Doloșman (Photo: L. Székely)

Figure no. 7 Collecting place Histria (Photo: L. Székely)

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Figure no. 8 Collecting place Histria (Photo: L. Székely)

Figure no. 9 Collecting place Corbu (Photo: L. Székely)

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Figure no. 10 Megaspilates mundataria (Histria Fortress) (Photo: L. Székely)

Figure no. 11 Cucullia argentina (Sarinasuf-Plopul). Scale (red line) = 1 cm. (Photo: L. Székely)

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Figura no. 12 Protarchanara brevilinea (Enisala). Scale (red line) = 1 cm. (Photo: L. Székely)

Figure no. 13 Narraga tessularia kasyi (Histria Fortress) (Photo: L. Székely)

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Figura no. 14 Ocnogyna parasita (Enisala Fortress). Scale (red line) = 1 cm. (Photo: L. Székely)

Figura no. 15 Ocnogyna parasita (Enisala Fortress). Scale (red line) = 1 cm. (Photo: L. Székely)

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Figure no. 16 Rhyparioides metelkana (Enisala Fortress). Scale (red line) = 1 cm. (Photo: L. Székely)

Figure no. 17 Rhyparioides metelkana (Enisala Fortress). (Photo: Cs. Szabóky)

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Figure no. 18 Grammodes bifasciata (Corbu Beach). Scale (red line) = 1 cm. (Photo: L. Székely)

Figure no. 19 Clytie syriaca (Corbu Beach). Scale (red line) = 1 cm. (Photo: L. Székely)

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Figure no. 20 Dichagyris melanura (Enisala Fortress). Scale (red line) = 1 cm. (Photo: L. Székely)

Figure no. 21 Cervina (Gortyna) cervago (Enisala). Scale (red line) = 1 cm. (Photo: L. Székely)

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Figure no. 22 Cervina (Gortyna) cervago (Enisala). (Photo: L. Székely)

Figure no. 23 Cucullia biornata (Sarinasuf-Plopul). Scale (red line) = 1 cm. (Photo: L. Székely)

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Figure no. 24 Cucullia biornata (Sarinasuf-Plopul). (Photo: L. Székely)

Figure no. 25 Saragossa siccanorum (Sarinasuf-Plopul). Scale (red line) = 1 cm. (Photo: L. Székely)

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Figure no. 26 Chelis maculosa mannerheimii (Histria Fortress) (Photo: L. Székely)

Figure no. 27 Arctia festiva (Mahmudia). Scale (red line) = 1 cm. (Photo: L. Székely)

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Figure no. 28 Arctia villica (Visterna) (Photo: L. Székely)

Figure no. 29 Drasteria caucasica (Corbu Beach). Scale (red line) = 1 cm. (Photo: L. Székely)

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Figure no. 30 Agrotis desertorum (Corbu Beach). Scale (red line) = 1 cm. (Photo: L. Székely)

Figure no. 31 Lemonia balcanica (Enisala Fortress) (Photo: L. Székely)

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Table no. 1 Faunistic list of Macrolepidoptera (1 - coastal sandy areas; 2 - freshwater swamps; 3 - salty swamps; 4 - Artemisia steppes; 5 - steppe habitats on limestone rocks; 6 - forests remnants; 7 - ruderalizered areas)

Habitat types 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 Suprafam. Hepialoidea (Mosher, 1916) Fam. Hepialidae (Stephens, 1828) Triodia sylvina (Linnaeus, 1761) ʘ ʘ ʘ ʘ ʘ Suprafam. Zygaenoidea (Latreille, 1809) Fam. Limacodidae (Stephens, 1850) Apoda limacodes (Hufnagel, 1766) ʘ ʘ ʘ ʘ Suprafam. Cossoidea (Mosher, 1916) Fam. Cossidae (Leach, [1815]) Cossus cossus (Linnaeus, 1758) ʘ ʘ ʘ ʘ ʘ ʘ Parahypopta caestrum (Hübner, 1808) ʘ ʘ ʘ ʘ ʘ Catopta thrips (Hübner, 1818) ʘ ʘ Dyspessa ulula (Borkhausen, 1790) ʘ ʘ Dyspessa salicicola (Eversmann, 1848) ʘ ʘ ʘ Zeuzera pyrina (Linnaeus, 1761) ʘ ʘ ʘ ʘ ʘ ʘ ʘ Phragmataecia castaneae (Hübner, 1790) ʘ ʘ ʘ ʘ ʘ ʘ ʘ Suprafam. Bombycoidea (Latreille, [1803]) Fam. Lasiocampidae (Harris, 1841) Malacosoma castrensis (Linnaeus, 1758) ʘ ʘ Malacosoma neustria (Linnaeus, 1758) ʘ ʘ ʘ Odonestis pruni (Linnaeus, 1758) ʘ ʘ ʘ Lasiocampa eversmanni (Eversmann, 1843) ʘ ʘ Lasiocampa trifolii ([Denis et Schiffermüller], 1775) ʘ Gastropacha populifolia (Esper, 1783) ʘ ʘ ʘ ʘ Gastropacha quercifolia (Linnaeus, 1758) ʘ ʘ ʘ ʘ ʘ ʘ Phyllodesma tremulifolia (Hübner, [1810]) ʘ ʘ Fam. Lemoniidae (Hampson, 1819) Lemonia balcanica (Herrich-Schaffer, 1843) ʘ ʘ ʘ ʘ Fam. Sphingidae (Latreille, [1802]) Subfam. Sphinginae Latreille, [1802] Acherontia atropos (Linnaeus, 1758) ʘ ʘ ʘ ʘ ʘ ʘ ʘ Agrius convolvuli (Linnaeus, 1758) ʘ ʘ ʘ ʘ ʘ ʘ ʘ Sphinx ligustri (Linnaeus, 1758) ʘ ʘ Subfam. Smerinthinae (Grote et Robinson, 1865) Laothoe populi (Linnaeus, 1758) ʘ ʘ ʘ ʘ ʘ ʘ ʘ Marumba quercus ([Denis et Schiffermüller], 1775) ʘ ʘ Mimas tiliae (Linnaeus, 1758) ʘ ʘ ʘ ʘ ʘ ʘ Smerinthus ocellatus (Linnaeus, 1758) ʘ ʘ ʘ ʘ ʘ ʘ Subfam. Macroglossinae (Harris, 1839) Macroglossum stellatarum (Linnaeus, 1758) ʘ ʘ ʘ ʘ ʘ ʘ ʘ Proserpinus proserpina (Pallas, 1772) ʘ ʘ Hyles hippophaes (Esper, 1793) ʘ ʘ ʘ ʘ ʘ ʘ ʘ Hyles euphorbiae (Linnaeus,1758) ʘ ʘ ʘ ʘ ʘ ʘ ʘ Hyles gallii (Rottemburg, 1775) ʘ ʘ ʘ ʘ Hyles livornica (Esper, 1780) ʘ ʘ ʘ ʘ ʘ ʘ ʘ Deilephila elpenor (Linnaeus, 1758) ʘ ʘ ʘ ʘ ʘ ʘ ʘ Deilephila porcellus (Linnaeus, 1758) ʘ ʘ ʘ ʘ ʘ ʘ ʘ Fam. Saturniidae (Boisduval, [1837] 1834) Subfam. Saturniinae (Boisduval, [1837] 1834) Saturnia pyri ([Denis et Schiffermüller], 1775) ʘ ʘ ʘ ʘ ʘ

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Fam. Drepanidae (Meyrick, 1895) Cilix asiatica (Bang-Haas, 1908) ʘ ʘ Cilix glaucata (Scopoli, 1763) ʘ ʘ Watsonalla binaria (Hufnagel, 1766) ʘ Fam. Thyatiridae (Smith, 1893) Subfam. Thyatirinae (Smith, 1893) Thyatira batis (Linnaeus, 1758) ʘ ʘ ʘ Tethea ocularis (Linnaeus, 1767) ʘ ʘ ʘ Subfam. Polyplocinae (Meyrick, 1895) Polyploca ridens (Fabricius, 1787) ʘ ʘ Suprafam. Geometroidea (Leach, [1815]) Fam. Geometridae (Leach, [1815]) Subfam. Orthostixinae (Meyrick, 1892) Orthostixis cribraria (Hübner, 1799) ʘ ʘ Subfam. Alsophilinae (Herbulot, 1962) Alsophila aescularia ([Denis et Schiffermüller], 1775) ʘ ʘ Subfam. Geometrinae (Stephens, 1829) Hemithaea aestivaria (Hübner, 1789) ʘ ʘ Thetidia smaragdaria (Fabricius, 1787) ʘ ʘ ʘ ʘ ʘ ʘ ʘ Hemistola chrysoprasaria (Esper, 1795) ʘ ʘ Thalera fimbrialis (Scopoli, 1763) ʘ Microloxia herbaria (Hübner, [1813]) ʘ ʘ ʘ ʘ Chlorissa viridata (Linnaeus, 1758) ʘ ʘ ʘ Phaiogramma etruscaria (Zeller, 1849) ʘ ʘ ʘ Subfam. (Meyrick, 1892) Idaea muricata (Hufnagel, 1767) ʘ ʘ ʘ ʘ ʘ ʘ Idaea elongaria (Rambur, 1833) ʘ ʘ Idaea rufaria (Hübner, 1799) ʘ ʘ Idaea serpentata (Hufnagel, 1767) ʘ Idaea sericeata (Hübner, 1813) ʘ Idaea camparia (Herrich-Schäffer, 1851) ʘ Idaea ochrata (Scopoli, 1763) ʘ Idaea pallidata ([Denis et Schiffermüller], 1775) ʘ Idaea rusticata ([Denis et Schiffermüller], 1775) ʘ ʘ ʘ ʘ Idaea filicata (Hübner, 1799) ʘ ʘ Idaea fuscovenosa (Goeze, 1781) ʘ Idaea subsericeata (Haworth, 1809) ʘ Idaea laevigata (Scopoli, 1763) ʘ Idaea moniliata ([Denis et Schiffermüller], 1775) ʘ Idaea seriata (Schrank, 1802) ʘ ʘ ʘ ʘ Idaea emarginata (Linnaeus, 1758) ʘ ʘ Idaea aversata (Linnaeus, 1758) ʘ ʘ ʘ Idaea deversaria (Herrich-Schäffer, 1848) ʘ ʘ ʘ Scopula immorata (Linnaeus, 1758) ʘ ʘ ʘ Scopula tessellaria (Boisduval, 1840) ʘ ʘ Scopula ornata (Scopoli, 1763) ʘ ʘ ʘ ʘ Scopula decorata ([Denis et Schiffermüller], 1775) ʘ ʘ Scopula orientalis (Alphéraky, 1876) ʘ Scopula rubiginata (Hufnagel, 1767) ʘ ʘ Scopula marginepunctata (Goeze, 1781) ʘ ʘ Scopula flaccidaria (Zeller, 1852) ʘ ʘ ʘ ʘ Rhodostrophia vibicaria (Clerck, 1759) ʘ ʘ ʘ Rhodostrophia calabra (Petagna, 1787) ʘ ʘ ʘ Rhodostrophia discopunctata (Amsel,1935) ʘ Timandra comae (A. Schmidt, 1931) ʘ ʘ

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Subfam. Larentiinae (Duponchel, 1845) Lythria purpuraria (Linnaeus, 1758) ʘ ʘ ʘ ʘ Lythria cruentaria (Hufnagel, 1767) ʘ Cataclysme riguata (Hübner,1813) ʘ Xanthorhoe fluctuata (Linnaeus, 1758) ʘ ʘ ʘ Catarhoe putridaria bulgariata (Milliere, 1868) ʘ Orthonama obstipata (Fabricius, 1794) ʘ ʘ ʘ ʘ ʘ Camptogramma bilineata (Linnaeus, 1758) ʘ ʘ ʘ Costaconvexa polygrammata (Borkhausen, 1794) ʘ ʘ ʘ ʘ ʘ Pelurga comitata (Linnaeus, 1758) ʘ ʘ ʘ Nebula salicata (Hübner,1799) ʘ Nebula achromaria (La Harpe, 1853) ʘ corticata (Treitschke, 1835) ʘ Operopthera brumata (Linnaeus, 1758) ʘ ʘ Eupithecia tenuiata (Hübner,1813) ʘ Eupithecia variostrigata (Alpheraky, 1878) ʘ ʘ Eupithecia biornata (Christoph, 1867) ʘ Eupithecia linariata ([Denis et Schiffermüller], 1775) ʘ Eupithecia centaureata ([Denis et Schiffermüller], 1775) ʘ ʘ ʘ ʘ ʘ ʘ ʘ Eupithecia tantillaria (Boisduval, 1840) ʘ Eupithecia simpliciata (Haworth, [1809]) ʘ Eupithecia trisignaria (Herrich-Schäffer, 1848) ʘ Eupithecia extensaria (Freyer, 1844) ʘ ʘ Aplocera plagiata (Linnaeus, 1758) ʘ Lithostege griseata ([Denis et Schiffermüller], 1775) ʘ ʘ ʘ Lithostege farinata (Hufnagel, 1767) ʘ ʘ ʘ Lobophora halterata (Hufnagel, 1767) ʘ Subfam. (Duponchel, 1845) Chiasmia clathrata (Linnaeus, 1758) ʘ ʘ ʘ ʘ ʘ ʘ ʘ Heliomata glarearia ([Denis et Schiffermüller], 1775) ʘ ʘ ʘ ʘ ʘ ʘ ʘ Godonella aestimaria sareptanaria (Staudinger, 1891) ʘ ʘ ʘ ʘ ʘ Macaria notata (Linnaeus, 1758) ʘ ʘ Macaria alternata ([Denis et Schiffermüller], 1775) ʘ Narraga tessularia kasyi (Moucha et Povolny, 1957) ʘ ʘ ʘ Tephrina arenacearia ([Denis et Schiffermüller], 1775) ʘ ʘ ʘ ʘ ʘ ʘ ʘ Tephrina murinaria ([Denis et Schiffermüller], 1775) ʘ ʘ ʘ ʘ ʘ ʘ ʘ Neognopharmia stevenaria (Boisduval, 1840) ʘ ʘ Therapis flavicaria ([Denis et Schiffermüller], 1775) ʘ ʘ ʘ ʘ Pseudopanthera macularia (Linnaeus, 1758) ʘ ʘ ʘ Eilicrinia cordiaria (Hübner, 1790) ʘ ʘ ʘ Eilicrinia trinotata (Metzner, 1845) ʘ ʘ autumnaria (Werneburg, 1859) ʘ ʘ ʘ Ennomos fuscantaria (Haworth, 1809) ʘ Ennomos erosaria ([Denis et Schiffermüller], 1775) ʘ ʘ Selenia dentaria (Fabricius, 1775) ʘ ʘ Selenia lunularia (Hübner, 1788) ʘ ʘ Crocallis tusciaria ([Denis et Schiffermüller], 1775) ʘ ʘ Crocallis elinguaria (Linnaeus, 1758) ʘ ʘ Colotois pennaria (Linnaeus, 1758) ʘ ʘ ʘ ʘ ʘ Dasycorsa modesta (Staudinger, 1879) ʘ Lycia hirtaria (Clerck, 1759) ʘ ʘ Biston strataria (Hufnagel, 1767) ʘ ʘ Biston betularia (Linnaeus, 1758) ʘ ʘ ʘ Erannis defoliaria (Linnaeus, 1758) ʘ ʘ Synopsia sociaria (Hübner, 1799) ʘ ʘ ʘ ʘ

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Cleora cinctaria ([Denis et Schiffermüller], 1775) ʘ ʘ ʘ Hypomecis roboraria ([Denis et Schiffermüller], 1775) ʘ ʘ Peribatodes rhomboidaria ([Denis et Schiffermüller], 1775) ʘ ʘ ʘ Ascotis selenaria ([Denis et Schiffermüller], 1775) ʘ ʘ ʘ ʘ ʘ ʘ Tephronia sepiaria (Hufnagel, 1767) ʘ ʘ ʘ Ematurga atomaria (Linnaeus, 1758) ʘ ʘ ʘ ʘ ʘ Campaea margaritata (Linnaeus, 1761) ʘ ʘ ʘ Charissa obscurata ([Denis et Schiffermüller], 1775) ʘ Charissa variegata (Duponchel, 1830) ʘ Charissa onustaria (Hübner, 1809) ʘ ʘ ʘ ʘ Chariaspilates formosaria (Eversmann, 1837) ʘ ʘ ʘ Megaspilates mundataria (Stoll, 1782) (Fig. 3-20) ʘ Semiaspilates ochrearia (Rossi, 1794) ʘ ʘ ʘ ʘ ʘ ʘ Dyscia innocentaria (Christoph, 1885) ʘ ʘ ʘ ʘ ʘ Suprafam. (Latreille, 1809) Fam. Notodontidae (Stephens, 1829) Subfam. Dicranurinae (Duponchel, [1845]) Furcula furcula forficula (Fischer von Waldheim, 1820) ʘ ʘ ʘ Harpyia milhauseri (Fabricius, 1775) ʘ Stauropus fagi (Linnaeus, 1758) ʘ ʘ Dicranura ulmi ([Denis et Schiffermüller], 1775) ʘ ʘ Subfam. Notodontinae (Stephens, 1829) Drymonia dodonaea ([Denis et Schiffermüller], 1775) ʘ Drymonia ruficornis (Hufnagel, 1766) ʘ Gluphisia crenata (Esper, 1785) ʘ ʘ Notodonta dromedarius (Linnaeus, 1758) ʘ ʘ ʘ ʘ Notodonta tritophus ([Denis et Schiffermüller], 1775) ʘ ʘ ʘ Notodonta ziczac (Linnaeus, 1758) ʘ ʘ ʘ Pheosia tremula (Clerck, 1759) ʘ ʘ ʘ Pterostoma palpina (Clerck, 1759) ʘ ʘ ʘ ʘ Peridea anceps (Goeze, 1781) ʘ Spatalia argentina ([Denis et Schiffermüller], 1775) ʘ ʘ ʘ ʘ Subfam. Phalerinae (Butler, 1886) Phalera bucephaloides (Ochsenheimer, 1810) ʘ Phalera bucephala (Linnaeus, 1758) ʘ ʘ ʘ Subfam. Pygaerinae (Duponchel, [1845]) Clostera anastomosis (Linnaeus, 1758) ʘ ʘ Clostera curtula (Linnaeus, 1758) ʘ ʘ Clostera pigra (Hufnagel, 1766) ʘ ʘ Fam. Erebidae (Leach, [1815]) Subfam. Rivulinae (Grote, 1895) Rivula sericealis (Scopoli, 1763) ʘ ʘ ʘ ʘ ʘ ʘ Subfam. (Grote, 1895) Parascotia fuliginaria (Linnaeus, 1761) ʘ Subfam. Aventiinae (Tutt, 1896) Laspeyria flexula ([Denis et Schiffermüller], 1775) ʘ Subfam. Herminiinae (Leach, 1815) Macrochilo cribrumalis (Hübner, 1793) ʘ ʘ Herminia tarsicrinalis (Knoch, 1782) ʘ ʘ ʘ Paracolax tristalis (Fabricius, 1794) ʘ ʘ Zanclognatha tarsipennalis (Treitschke, 1835) ʘ ʘ Subfam. Hypeninae (Herrich-Schaffer, 1851) Hypena proboscidalis (Linnaeus, 1758) ʘ ʘ ʘ Hypena rostralis (Linnaeus, 1758) ʘ ʘ ʘ Subfam. Eublemminae (Forbes, 1954)

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Calymma communimacula ([Denis et Schiffermüller], 1775) ʘ ʘ suava (Hübner, 1793) ʘ ʘ Eublemma porphyrinia (Freyer, 1845) ʘ ʘ Eublemma amoena (Hübner, [1803]) ʘ ʘ ʘ Eublemma purpurina ([Denis et Schiffermüller], 1775) ʘ ʘ ʘ ʘ ʘ ʘ Eublemma ostrina (Hübner, [1808]) ʘ ʘ ʘ Eublemma polygramma (Duponchel, [1842]) ʘ ʘ ʘ ʘ Subfam. Phytometrinae (Hampson, 1913) Colobochyla salicalis ([Denis et Schiffermüller], 1775) ʘ Subfam. Calpinae (Boisduval, 1840) Calyptra thalictri (Borkhausen, 1790) ʘ ʘ ʘ Scoliopteryx libatrix (Linnaeus, 1758) ʘ ʘ ʘ ʘ ʘ ʘ Subfam. (Hampson, 1893) Lymantria dispar (Linnaeus, 1758) ʘ ʘ ʘ ʘ ʘ ʘ ʘ Calliteara pudibunda (Linnaeus, 1758) ʘ ʘ Orgyia antiqua (Linnaeus, 1758) ʘ ʘ ʘ ʘ Euproctis chrysorrhoea (Linnaeus, 1758) ʘ ʘ ʘ Euproctis similis (Fuessly, 1767) ʘ ʘ ʘ ʘ ʘ ʘ ʘ coenosa (Hübner, 1808) ʘ ʘ ʘ ʘ ʘ ʘ ʘ Leucoma salicis (Linnaeus, 1758) ʘ ʘ ʘ ʘ ʘ Arctornis l-nigrum (Müller, 1764) ʘ ʘ ʘ Subfam. Arctiinae (Leach, 1815) Spilosoma lubricipeda (Linnaeus, 1758) ʘ ʘ ʘ ʘ ʘ ʘ ʘ Spilosoma urticae (Esper, 1789) ʘ ʘ ʘ ʘ ʘ ʘ ʘ Phragmatobia fuliginosa (Linnaeus, 1758) ʘ ʘ ʘ ʘ ʘ ʘ ʘ Hyphantria cunea (Drury, 1773) ʘ ʘ ʘ ʘ ʘ ʘ ʘ Ocnogyna parasita (Hübner, 1790) ʘ Diaphora mendica (Clerck, 1759) ʘ ʘ ʘ Chelis maculosa mannerheimii (Duponchel, 1936) ʘ ʘ ʘ ʘ ʘ Rhyparioides metelkana (Lederer, 1861) ʘ Diacrisia sannio (Linnaeus, 1758) ʘ ʘ ʘ Arctia villica (Linnaeus, 1758) ʘ ʘ ʘ Arctia festiva (Hufnagel, 1766) ʘ Euplagia quadripunctaria (Poda, 1761) ʘ ʘ ʘ ʘ Subfam. Lithosiinae (Billberg, 1820) striata (Linnaeus, 1758) ʘ Miltochrista miniata (Forster, 1771) ʘ ʘ ʘ Thumata senex (Hübner, [1808]) ʘ ʘ ʘ Pelosia muscerda (Hufnagel, 1766) ʘ ʘ Pelosia obtusa (Herrich-Schäffer, [1847]) ʘ ʘ ʘ Lithosia quadra (Linnaeus, 1758) ʘ ʘ caniola (Hübner, 1808) ʘ ʘ ʘ ʘ ʘ Eilema complana balcanica (Daniel, 1939) ʘ ʘ ʘ ʘ ʘ Eilema pygmaeola pallifrons (Zeller, 1847) ʘ ʘ ʘ ʘ sororcula (Hufnagel, 1766) ʘ ʘ ʘ ʘ ʘ Subfam. Ctenuchinae (Kirby, 1837) phegea (Linnaeus, 1758) ʘ ʘ Amata kruegeri marjana (Stauder, 1913) ʘ ʘ ancilla (Linnaeus, 1767) ʘ ʘ ʘ ʘ ʘ Dysauxes punctata (Fabricius, 1781) ʘ ʘ ʘ Dysauxes famula (Freyer, 1836) ʘ ʘ ʘ ʘ ʘ ʘ ʘ Subfam. Catocalinae (Boisduval, 1828) Lygephila craccae ([Denis et Schiffermüller], 1775) ʘ ʘ ʘ ʘ ʘ ʘ glyphica (Linnaeus, 1758) ʘ ʘ Euclidia mi (Clerck, 1759) ʘ

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Euclidia triquetra ([Denis et Schiffermüller], 1775) ʘ Catephia alchymista ([Denis et Schiffermüller], 1775) ʘ Minucia lunaris ([Denis et Schiffermüller], 1775) ʘ ʘ Dysgonia algira (Linnaeus, 1767) ʘ ʘ ʘ ʘ ʘ ʘ ʘ Grammodes stolida (Fabricius, 1775) ʘ ʘ ʘ ʘ ʘ ʘ ʘ Grammodes bifasciata (Petagna, 1787) ʘ ʘ ʘ Drasteria caucasica (Kolenati, 1846) ʘ ʘ ʘ Clytie syriaca (Bugnion, 1837) ʘ ʘ ʘ ʘ Catocala nymphagoga (Esper, 1787) ʘ Catocala hymenaea ([Denis et Schiffermüller], 1775) ʘ Catocala nupta (Linnaeus, 1758) ʘ ʘ ʘ Catocala elocata (Esper, 1787) ʘ ʘ ʘ Catocala promissa ([Denis et Schiffermüller], 1775) ʘ Catocala sponsa (Linnaeus, 1767) ʘ Subfam. Euteliinae (Grote, 1882) Eutelia adulatrix (Hübner, 1813) ʘ ʘ Subfam. Nolinae (Bruand, 1846) Meganola strigula ([Denis et Schiffermüller], 1775) Nola aerugula (Hübner, 1813) ʘ ʘ Nola chlamitulalis (Hübner, 1813) ʘ Nola cristatula (Hübner, 1793) ʘ Bena bicolorana (Fuessly, 1775) ʘ ʘ Pseudoips prasinana (Linnaeus, 1758) ʘ ʘ Earias clorana (Linnaeus, 1758) ʘ ʘ ʘ Earias vernana (Fabricius, 1787) ʘ ʘ Nycteola asiatica (Krulikovsky, 1904) ʘ ʘ ʘ Fam. Noctuidae (Latreille, 1809) Subfam. Plusiinae (Boisduval, 1828) Abrostola tripartita (Hufnagel, 1766) ʘ ʘ ʘ Abrostola asclepiadis ([Denis et Schiffermüller], 1775) ʘ ʘ Abrostola triplasia (Linnaeus, 1758) ʘ Trichoplusia ni (Hübner, 1803) ʘ ʘ ʘ Macdunnoughia confusa (Stephens, 1850) ʘ ʘ ʘ ʘ ʘ ʘ ʘ Diachrysia chryson deltaica (Rákosy, 1996) ʘ Diachrysia chrysitis (Linnaeus, 1758) ʘ ʘ ʘ ʘ ʘ ʘ Diachrysia stenochrysis (Warren, 1913) ʘ ʘ ʘ ʘ ʘ Diachrysia nadeja (Oberthür, 1880) ʘ ʘ Autographa gamma (Linnaeus, 1758) ʘ ʘ ʘ ʘ ʘ ʘ ʘ Cornutiplusia circumflexa (Linnaeus, 1767) ʘ Chrysodeixis chalcites (Esper, 1789) ʘ ʘ ʘ ʘ ʘ ʘ Plusia festucae (Linnaeus, 1758) ʘ ʘ Subfam. Eustrotiinae (Grote, 1882) Phyllophila obliterata (Rambur, 1833) ʘ Pseudeustrotia candidula ([Denis et Schiffermüller], 1775) ʘ ʘ Deltote uncula (Clerck, 1759) ʘ Deltote bankiana (Fabricius, 1775) ʘ ʘ Subfam. Acontiinae (Guenée, 1841) Acontia titania (Esper, [1798]) ʘ Acontia lucida (Hufnagel, 1766) ʘ ʘ ʘ ʘ ʘ ʘ ʘ Acontia (Emmelia) trabealis (Scopoli, 1763) ʘ ʘ ʘ ʘ ʘ ʘ ʘ Acontia (Tarachidia) candefacta (Hübner, [1831]) ʘ ʘ ʘ Aedia funesta (Esper, [1766]) ʘ ʘ Aedia leucomelas (Linnaeus, 1758) ʘ ʘ ʘ ʘ ʘ ʘ ʘ Subfam. Pantheinae (Smith, 1898) Colocasia coryli (Linnaeus, 1758) ʘ ʘ ʘ

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Subfam. Dilobinae (Aurivillius, 1889) Diloba caeruleocephala (Linnaeus, 1758) ʘ ʘ Subfam. (Heinemann, 1959) Craniophora ligustri ([Denis et Schiffermüller], 1775) ʘ ʘ ʘ ʘ ʘ Craniophora pontica (Staudinger, 1878) ʘ Oxicesta geographica (Fabricius, 1787) ʘ ʘ ʘ ʘ Symira nervosa ([Denis et Schiffermüller], 1775) ʘ ʘ Symira albovenosa (Goeze, 1781) ʘ ʘ ʘ ʘ Symira dentinosa (Freyer, 1839) ʘ Acronicta psi (Linnaeus, 1758) ʘ ʘ Acronicta euphorbiae ([Denis et Schiffermüller], 1775) ʘ ʘ Acronicta megacephala ([Denis et Schiffermüller], 1775) ʘ ʘ Acronicta rumicis (Linnaeus, 1758) ʘ ʘ Acronicta aceris (Linnaeus, 1758) ʘ ʘ ʘ Subfam. Metaponiinae (Herrich-Schäffer, 1851) Aegle koekeritziana (Hübner, [1799]) ʘ ʘ ʘ Mycteroplus puniceago (Boisduval, 1840) ʘ ʘ ʘ Tyta luctuosa ([Denis et Schiffermüller], 1775) ʘ ʘ ʘ ʘ ʘ ʘ ʘ Subfam. Cucullinae (Herrich-Schäffer, 1850) Shargacucullia thapsiphaga (Treitschke, 1826) ʘ Shargacucullia lychnitis (Rambur, 1833) ʘ Cucullia argentina (Fabricius, 1787) ʘ Cucullia scopariae (Dorfmeister, 1853) ʘ Cucullia umbratica (Linnaeus, 1758) ʘ ʘ Cucullia biornata (Fischer von Waldheim, 1840) ʘ Cucullia tanaceti ([Denis et Schiffermüller], 1775) ʘ ʘ Cucullia santonici (Hübner, [1813]) ʘ Cucullia asteris ([Denis et Schiffermüller], 1775) ʘ ʘ Subfam. Oncocnemidinae (Forbes et Franclemont, 1954) Calophasia lunula (Hufnagel, 1766) ʘ Calophasia opalina (Esper, [1794]) ʘ ʘ Omphalophana antirrhini (Hübner, [1803]) ʘ Subfam. Amphipyrinae (Guenée, 1837) Amphipyra pyramidea (Linnaeus, 1758) ʘ Amphipyra livida ([Denis et Schiffermüller], 1775) ʘ ʘ Amphipyra tragopoginis (Clerck, 1759) ʘ ʘ ʘ ʘ ʘ ʘ Subfam. Psaphidinae (Grote, 1896) Asteroscopus sphinx (Hufnagel, 1766) ʘ ʘ Allophyes oxyacanthae (Linnaeus, 1758) ʘ Subfam. Heliothinae (Boisduval, 1828) Periphanes delphinii (Linnaeus, 1758) ʘ ʘ ʘ ʘ ʘ Pyrrhia umbra (Hufnagel, 1766) ʘ ʘ Pyrrhia purpurina (Esper, [1804]) ʘ ʘ Protoschinia scutosa ([Denis et Schiffermüller], 1775) ʘ ʘ ʘ ʘ ʘ ʘ ʘ Heliothis peltigera ([Denis et Schiffermüller], 1775) ʘ ʘ ʘ ʘ ʘ ʘ Heliothis ononis ([Denis et Schiffermüller], 1775) ʘ Heliothis viriplaca (Hufnagel, 1766) ʘ ʘ ʘ ʘ ʘ ʘ ʘ Heliothis adaucta Butler, 1878 ʘ ʘ ʘ ʘ ʘ ʘ ʘ Helicoverpa armigera (Hübner, 1808) ʘ ʘ ʘ ʘ ʘ ʘ ʘ Subfam. Bryophilinae (Guenée, 1852) Cryphia algae (Fabricius, 1775) ʘ ʘ Bryophila raptricula ([Denis et Schiffermüller], 1775) ʘ Bryophila tephrocharis (Boursin, 1953) ʘ Nyctobria amasina (Draudt, 1931) ʘ Nyctobria muralis (Forster, 1771) ʘ

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Subfam. Xyleninae Guenée, 1837 Spodoptera exigua (Hübner, [1808]) ʘ ʘ ʘ ʘ Elaphria venustula (Hübner, 1790) ʘ ʘ Caradrina morpheus (Hufnagel, 1766) ʘ ʘ ʘ ʘ Caradrina kadenii (Freyer, 1836) ʘ ʘ ʘ ʘ Caradrina aspersa (Rambur, 1834) ʘ Caradrina clavipalpis (Scopoli, 1763) ʘ ʘ ʘ ʘ ʘ ʘ Hoplodrina octogenaria (Goeze, 1781) ʘ ʘ ʘ Hoplodrina blanda ([Denis et Schiffermüller], 1775) ʘ ʘ ʘ ʘ ʘ ʘ Hoplodrina ambigua ([Denis et Schiffermüller], 1775) ʘ ʘ ʘ ʘ ʘ ʘ Chilodes maritima (Tauscher, 1806) ʘ ʘ ʘ Charanyca trigrammica (Hufnagel, 1766) ʘ ʘ ʘ ʘ ʘ ʘ Rusina ferruginea (Esper, [1785]) ʘ Enargia abluta (Hübner,[1808]) ʘ ʘ gluteosa (Treitsche, 1835) ʘ ʘ ʘ Athetis furvula (Hübner,[1808]) ʘ Proxenus lepigone (Moschler, 1860) ʘ ʘ Trachea atriplicis (Linnaeus, 1758) ʘ ʘ ʘ Dypterygia scabriuscula (Linnaeus, 1758) ʘ ʘ Polyphaenis sericata (Esper, 1787) ʘ ʘ Thalpophila matura (Hufnagel, 1766) ʘ Actinotia polyodon (Clerck, 1759) ʘ ʘ Chloantha hyperici ([Denis et Schiffermüller], 1775) ʘ Phlogophora meticulosa (Linnaeus, 1758) ʘ ʘ ʘ ʘ ʘ ʘ Euplexia lucipara (Linnaeus, 1758) ʘ Auchmis detersa (Esper, [1787]) ʘ Calamia tridens (Hufnagel, 1766) ʘ ʘ ʘ Gortyna flavago ([Denis et Schiffermüller], 1775) ʘ Cervyna (Gortyna) cervago (Eversmann, 1844) ʘ ʘ ʘ Hydraecia micacea (Esper, [1789]) ʘ Luperina testacea ([Denis et Schiffermüller], 1775) ʘ ʘ ʘ ʘ Luperina rubella (Duponchel, 1826) ʘ ʘ Luperina dumerilli (Duponchel, 1826) ʘ ʘ ʘ ʘ Rhizedra lutosa (Hübner, [1803]) ʘ ʘ ʘ ʘ Nonagria typhae (Thunberg, 1784) ʘ ʘ ʘ ʘ ʘ Lenisa geminipuncta (Haworth, 1809) ʘ ʘ Archanara dissoluta (Treitschke, 1825) ʘ ʘ Protarchanara brevilinea (Fenn, 1864) ʘ Oria musculosa (Hübner, [1808]) ʘ ʘ ʘ Denticucullus pygmina (Haworth, 1809) ʘ ʘ Photedes fluxa (Hübner, [1809]) ʘ ʘ Globia sparganii (Esper, 1790) ʘ Globia algae (Esper, 1789) ʘ ʘ Sedina buettneri (E. Hering, 1858) ʘ ʘ Apamea monoglypha (Hufnagel, 1766) ʘ ʘ ʘ ʘ ʘ ʘ Apamea anceps ([Denis et Schiffermüller], 1775) ʘ ʘ Apamea sordens (Hufnagel, 1766) ʘ Mesapamea secalis (Linnaeus, 1758) ʘ ʘ ʘ Oligia strigilis (Linnaeus, 1758) ʘ ʘ ʘ Oligia versicolor (Borkhausen, 1792) ʘ ʘ Oligia latruncula ([Denis et Schiffermüller], 1775) ʘ ʘ Episema glaucina (Esper, [1789]) ʘ ʘ Episema tersa ([Denis et Schiffermüller], 1775) ʘ ʘ ʘ Episema lederi (Christoph, 1885) ʘ ʘ Cleoceris scoriacea (Esper, [1789]) ʘ ʘ

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Ulochlaena hirta (Hübner, [1813]) ʘ ʘ ʘ ʘ Cosmia diffinis (Linnaeus, 1767) ʘ ʘ Cosmia affinis (Linnaeus, 1767) ʘ Cosmia trapezina (Linnaeus, 1758) ʘ ʘ ʘ Cosmia pyralina ([Denis et Schiffermüller], 1775) ʘ Dicycla oo (Linnaeus, 1758) ʘ ʘ Atethmia ambusta ([Denis et Schiffermüller], 1775) ʘ ʘ Atethmia centrago (Haworth, 1809) ʘ Lithophane ornitopus (Hufnagel, 1766) ʘ ʘ Eupsilia transversa (Hufnagel, 1766) ʘ ʘ ʘ Conistra vaccinii (Linnaeus, 1761) ʘ ʘ ʘ Conistra ligula (Esper, [1791]) ʘ Conistra erythrocephala ([Denis et Schiffermüller], 1775) ʘ ʘ ʘ lychnidis ([Denis et Schiffermüller], 1775) ʘ ʘ Agrochola nitida ([Denis et Schiffermüller], 1775) ʘ ʘ ʘ Agrochola litura (Linnaeus, 1758) ʘ Agrochola helvola (Linnaeus, 1758) ʘ Agrochola circellaris (Hufnagel, 1766) ʘ ʘ ʘ Agrochola laevis (Hübner, [1803]) ʘ Agrochola humilis ([Denis et Schiffermüller], 1775) ʘ Xanthia togata (Esper, [1788]) ʘ ʘ Cirrhia gilvago ([Denis et Schiffermüller], 1775) ʘ Cirrhia ocellaris (Borkhausen, 1792) ʘ Scotochrosta pulla ([Denis et Schiffermüller], 1775) ʘ Dichonia aeruginea (Hübner, [1808]) ʘ Dichonia convergens ([Denis et Schiffermüller], 1775) ʘ Griposia aprilina (Linnaeus, 1758) ʘ Dryobotodes eremita (Fabricius, 1775) ʘ Ammoconia caecimacula ([Denis et Schiffermüller], 1775) ʘ Aporophyla lutulenta ([Denis et Schiffermüller], 1775) ʘ Polymixis rufocincta (Geyer, [1828]) ʘ Subfam. Hadeninae (Guenée, 1837) Mythimna turca (Linnaeus, 1761) ʘ ʘ ʘ ʘ ʘ Mythimna pudorina ([Denis et Schiffermüller], 1775) ʘ ʘ ʘ ʘ ʘ Mythimna pallens (Linnaeus, 1758) ʘ ʘ ʘ ʘ Mythimna impura (Hübner, [1808]) ʘ ʘ ʘ ʘ Mythimna straminea (Treitschke, 1825) ʘ ʘ Mythimna vitellina (Hübner, [1808]) ʘ ʘ ʘ ʘ ʘ ʘ ʘ Mythimna albipuncta ([Denis et Schiffermüller], 1775) ʘ ʘ ʘ ʘ ʘ ʘ ʘ Mythimna ferrago (Fabricius, 1787) ʘ ʘ ʘ Mythimna l-album (Linnaeus, 1767) ʘ ʘ ʘ ʘ ʘ ʘ ʘ Leucania comma (Linnaeus, 1761) ʘ ʘ ʘ ʘ ʘ ʘ ʘ Leucania zeae (Duponchel, 1827) ʘ Leucania obsoleta (Hübner, [1803]) ʘ ʘ ʘ ʘ ʘ ʘ ʘ Leucania loreyi (Duponchel, 1827) ʘ ʘ Leucania punctosa (Treitschke, 1825) ʘ Senta flammea (Curtis, 1828) ʘ ʘ ʘ Pseudaletia unipuncta (Haworth, 1809) ʘ ʘ ʘ Hadula trifolii (Hufnagel, 1766) ʘ ʘ ʘ ʘ ʘ ʘ ʘ Hadula stigmosa (Christoph, 1887) ʘ ʘ ʘ ʘ ʘ ʘ Sideridis lampra (Schawerda, 1913) ʘ ʘ Sideridis turbida (Esper, 1790) ʘ ʘ Heliophobus reticulata (Goeze, 1781) ʘ ʘ Saragossa implexa (Hübner, [1809]) ʘ Saragossa siccanorum (Staudinger, 1870) ʘ

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Saragossa porosa (Eversmann, 1854) ʘ Conisania luteago ([Denis et Schiffermüller], 1775) ʘ ʘ ʘ ʘ ʘ ʘ Mamestra brassicae (Linnaeus, 1758) ʘ ʘ ʘ ʘ ʘ ʘ ʘ Melanchra persicariae (Linnaeus, 1761) ʘ ʘ ʘ ʘ ʘ ʘ Ceramica pisi (Linnaeus, 1758) ʘ ʘ ʘ ʘ ʘ ʘ w-latinum (Hufnagel, 1766) ʘ ʘ ʘ ʘ ʘ ʘ Lacanobia thalassina (Hufnagel, 1766) ʘ ʘ ʘ ʘ ʘ ʘ Lacanobia suasa ([Denis et Schiffermüller], 1775) ʘ ʘ ʘ ʘ ʘ ʘ Lacanobia oleracea (Linnaeus, 1758) ʘ ʘ ʘ ʘ ʘ ʘ ʘ Lacanobia splendens (Hübner, [1808]) ʘ ʘ ʘ ʘ Lacanobia praedita (Hübner, [1813]) ʘ ʘ ʘ ʘ Lacanobia blenna (Hübner, [1824]) ʘ ʘ ʘ ʘ ʘ dysodea ([Denis et Schiffermüller], 1775) ʘ Hecatera cappa (Hübner, 1809) ʘ ʘ ʘ ʘ ʘ Hadena capsincola ([Denis et Schiffermüller], 1775) ʘ Hadena albimacula (Borkhausen, 1792) ʘ ʘ ʘ Orthosia incerta (Hufnagel, 1766) ʘ ʘ ʘ Orthosia cruda ([Denis et Schiffermüller], 1775) ʘ ʘ ʘ Orthosia miniosa ([Denis et Schiffermüller], 1775) ʘ Orthosia gothica (Linnaeus, 1758) ʘ ʘ ʘ Anorthoa munda ([Denis et Schiffermüller], 1775) ʘ ʘ Egira conspicillaris (Linnaeus, 1758) ʘ ʘ ʘ Tholera decimalis (Poda, 1761) ʘ ʘ ʘ ʘ ʘ ʘ Cardepia hartigi (Parenzan, 1981) ʘ Subfam. Noctuinae (Latreille, 1809) Peridroma saucia (Hübner, 1808) ʘ Dichagyris flammatra ([Denis et Schiffermüller], 1775) ʘ ʘ ʘ ʘ Dichagyris forcipula ([Denis et Schiffermüller], 1775) ʘ Dichagyris nigrescens (Höfner, 1887) ʘ ʘ ʘ Dichagyris melanura (Kollar, 1846) ʘ Dichagyris renigera (Hübner, 1808) ʘ aquilina ([Denis et Schiffermüller], 1775) ʘ ([Denis et Schiffermüller], 1775) ʘ ʘ ʘ Euxoa temera (Hübner, [1808]) ʘ ʘ ʘ Euxoa nigricans (Linnaeus, 1758) ʘ Euxoa distinguenda (Lederer, 1857) ʘ Euxoa segnilis (Duponchel, 1836) ʘ ʘ ʘ ʘ Euxoa tritici (Linnaeus, 1761) ʘ Agrotis bigramma (Esper, 1790) ʘ ʘ ʘ ʘ ʘ Agrotis cinerea ([Denis et Schiffermüller], 1775) ʘ Agrotis exclamationis (Linnaeus, 1758) ʘ ʘ ʘ ʘ ʘ ʘ ʘ Agrotis segetum ([Denis et Schiffermüller], 1775) ʘ ʘ ʘ ʘ ʘ ʘ ʘ Agrotis desertorum (Boisduval, 1840) ʘ Agrotis ipsilon (Hufnagel, 1766) ʘ ʘ ʘ ʘ ʘ ʘ ʘ Agrotis trux (Hübner, [1824]) ʘ Agrotis puta (Hübner, [1803]) ʘ ʘ ʘ ʘ Agrotis vestigialis (Hufnagel, 1766) ʘ ʘ ʘ Axylia putris (Linnaeus, 1761) ʘ ʘ ʘ ʘ ʘ ʘ Ochropleura plecta (Linnaeus, 1758) ʘ ʘ ʘ ʘ ʘ ʘ Cerastis rubricosa ([Denis et Schiffermüller], 1775) ʘ ʘ Rhyacia simulans (Hufnagel, 1766) ʘ Chersotis rectangula ([Denis et Schiffermüller], 1775) ʘ Chersotis laeta macini (Rákosy, Stangelmeier et Wieser, 1996) ʘ Chersotis fimbriola niculescui (Rákosy, 1997) ʘ Noctua pronuba (Linnaeus, 1758) ʘ ʘ ʘ ʘ ʘ ʘ ʘ

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Noctua fimbriata (Schreber, 1759) ʘ ʘ ʘ ʘ ʘ ʘ Noctua orbona (Hufnagel, 1766) ʘ ʘ ʘ ʘ ʘ ʘ Noctua interposita (Hübner, 1790) ʘ ʘ ʘ ʘ ʘ ʘ Noctua comes (Hübner, 1813) ʘ ʘ ʘ ʘ ʘ ʘ ʘ Noctua janthina ([Denis et Schiffermüller], 1775) ʘ ʘ ʘ ʘ ʘ ʘ Noctua janthe (Borkhausen, 1792) ʘ Epilecta linogrisea ([Denis et Schiffermüller], 1775) ʘ Opigena polygona ([Denis et Schiffermüller], 1775) ʘ ʘ Xestia stigmatica (Hübner, [1813]) ʘ ʘ Xestia xanthographa ([Denis et Schiffermüller], 1775) ʘ Xestia cohaesa (Herrich-Schaffer, [1849]) ʘ ʘ ʘ Xestia c-nigrum (Linnaeus, 1758) ʘ ʘ ʘ ʘ ʘ ʘ ʘ Xestia triangulum (Hufnagel, 1766) ʘ ʘ Metagnorisma depuncta (Linnaeus,1761) ʘ ʘ Suprafam. Hesperioidea (Latreille, 1809) Fam. Hesperiidae (Latreille, 1809) Subfam. Pyrginae (Burmeister, 1878) Erynnis tages (Linnaeus, 1758) ʘ ʘ Carcharodus floccifera (Zeller, 1847) ʘ ʘ Carcharodus orientalis (Reverdin, 1913) ʘ ʘ ʘ Spialia orbifer (Hübner, 1823) ʘ Pyrgus malvae (Linnaeus, 1758) ʘ ʘ Pyrgus armoricanus (Oberthür, 1910) ʘ Pyrgus sidae (Esper, [1784]) ʘ Subfam. Hesperiinae (Latreille, 1809) Ochlodes sylvanus (Esper, 1779) ʘ ʘ Suprafam. Papilionoidea (Latreille, [1802]) Fam. Papilionidae (Latreille, [1802]) Subfam. Parnassiinae (Duponchel, [1835]) Parnassius mnemosyne (Linnaeus, 1758) ʘ Subfam. Papilioninae (Latreille, [1802]) Iphiclides podalirius (Linnaeus, 1758) ʘ ʘ ʘ Papilio machaon (Linnaeus, 1758) ʘ ʘ ʘ ʘ ʘ Fam. Pieridae (Duponchel, [1835]) Subfam. Coliadinae (Swainson, 1827) Colias erate (Esper, 1805) ʘ ʘ ʘ ʘ ʘ ʘ ʘ Colias croceus (Fourcroy, 1785) ʘ ʘ ʘ ʘ ʘ ʘ ʘ Colias hyale (Linnaeus, 1758) ʘ ʘ ʘ Colias alfacariensis (Ribbe, 1905) ʘ ʘ ʘ ʘ Subfam. Pierinae (Duponchel, [1835]) Aporia crataegi (Linnaeus, 1758) ʘ ʘ Pieris brassicae (Linnaeus, 1758) ʘ ʘ ʘ ʘ ʘ ʘ Pieris napi (Linnaeus, 1758) ʘ ʘ ʘ ʘ ʘ ʘ ʘ Pieris rapae (Linnaeus, 1758) ʘ ʘ ʘ ʘ ʘ ʘ ʘ Pontia daplidice edusa (Fabricius, 1777) ʘ ʘ ʘ ʘ ʘ ʘ ʘ Euchloe ausonia (Hübner, [1804]) ʘ Anthocharis cardamines (Linnaeus, 1758) ʘ ʘ Fam. Lycaenidae ([Leach], [1815]) Subfam. Lycaeninae ([Leach] [1815]) Lycaena phlaeas (Linnaeus, 1761) ʘ ʘ ʘ ʘ ʘ Lycaena dispar rutila (Werneburg, 1864) ʘ ʘ ʘ ʘ ʘ ʘ Lycaena thersamon (Esper, 1784) ʘ Subfam. Polyommatinae (Swainson, 1827) Lampides boeticus (Linnaeus, 1758) ʘ ʘ ʘ Leptotes pirithous (Linnaeus, 1758) ʘ ʘ ʘ ʘ ʘ ʘ ʘ

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Celastrina argiolus (Linnaeus, 1758) ʘ ʘ ʘ Cupido (Everes) alcetas (Hoffmannsegg, 1804) ʘ ʘ Cupido (Everes) argiades (Pallas, 1771) ʘ ʘ ʘ ʘ Pseudophilotes schiffermülleri (Hemming, 1792) ʘ ʘ Glaucopsyche alexis (Poda, 1761) ʘ ʘ Plebejus argus (Linnaeus, 1761) ʘ ʘ ʘ ʘ ʘ ʘ Aricia agestis ([Denis & Schiffermüller], 1775) ʘ ʘ ʘ ʘ ʘ ʘ ʘ Polyommatus icarus (Rottemburg, 1775) ʘ ʘ ʘ ʘ ʘ ʘ ʘ Polyommatus (Plebicula) thersites (Cantener, 1835) ʘ ʘ Polyommatus (Lysandra) bellargus (Rottemburg, 1775) ʘ ʘ ʘ Fam. Nymphalidae (Swainson, 1827) Subfam. Heliconiinae (Swainson, 1827) Argynnis pandora ([Denis et Schiffermüller], 1775) ʘ ʘ ʘ ʘ ʘ ʘ ʘ Issoria lathonia (Linnaeus, 1758) ʘ ʘ ʘ ʘ ʘ ʘ ʘ Subfam. Apaturinae (Boisduval, 1840) Apatura metis (Freyer, 1829) ʘ Subfam. Nymphalinae (Swainson, 1827) Melitaea trivia ([Denis et Schiffermüller], 1775) ʘ ʘ Melitaea athalia (Rottemburg, 1775) ʘ ʘ Melitaea phoebe ([Denis et Schiffermüller], 1775) ʘ Nymphalis (Inachis) io (Linnaeus, 1758) ʘ ʘ ʘ ʘ ʘ ʘ Nymphalis (Polygonia) c-album (Linnaeus, 1758) ʘ ʘ ʘ ʘ ʘ ʘ Vanessa atalanta (Linnaeus, 1758) ʘ ʘ ʘ ʘ ʘ ʘ ʘ Vanessa cardui (Linnaeus, 1758) ʘ ʘ ʘ ʘ ʘ ʘ ʘ Subfam. Satyrinae Boisduval, [1833] Pararge aegeria tircis (Godart, 1821) ʘ Lasiommata megera (Linnaeus, 1767) ʘ ʘ ʘ Lasiommata maera (Linnaeus, 1758) ʘ ʘ ʘ Coenonympha glycerion (Borkhausen, 1788) ʘ ʘ Coenonymphia pamphilus (Linnaeus, 1758) ʘ ʘ ʘ ʘ ʘ ʘ Aphantopus hyperanthus (Linnaeus, 1758) ʘ Maniola jurtina (Linnaeus, 1758) ʘ ʘ ʘ ʘ ʘ Melanargia galathea (Linnaeus, 1758) ʘ Minois dryas (Scopoli, 1763) ʘ ʘ Hipparchia syriaca (Staudinger, 1871) ʘ Hipparchia volgensis delattini (Kudrna, 1975) ʘ

Istros – Museum of Braila "Carol I"