FTR Play Guide R1
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PLAY GUIDE 2016 2017 About ATC .................................................................................................................................................. 1 Introduction to the Play ............................................................................................................................. 2 Meet the Creators ...................................................................................................................................... 2 Meet the Characters .................................................................................................................................. 4 The Sholem Aleichem Stories ..................................................................................................................... 8 Musical Adaptation ................................................................................................................................... 9 Judaism ..................................................................................................................................................... 10 Jewish Traditions ....................................................................................................................................... 12 Historical Context ...................................................................................................................................... 14 The Pale of Settlement ............................................................................................................................... 18 Marxism ..................................................................................................................................................... 18 Chagall’s Fiddler Painting ......................................................................................................................... 19 Glossary ..................................................................................................................................................... 20 Fiddler on the Roof Play Guide written by Chloe Loos, ATC Artistic Intern, and Katherine Monberg, ATC Literary Manager. SUPPORT FOR ATC’S LEARNING & EDUCATION PROGRAMMING HAS BEEN PROVIDED BY: APS Rosemont Copper Arizona Commission on the Arts Stonewall Foundation Bank of America Foundation Target Blue Cross Blue Shield of Arizona The Boeing Company City of Glendale The Donald Pitt Family Foundation Community Foundation for Southern Arizona The Johnson Family Foundation, Inc. Cox Charities The Lovell Foundation Downtown Tucson Partnership The Marshall Foundation Enterprise Holdings Foundation The Maurice and Meta Gross Foundation Ford Motor Company Fund The Max and Victoria Dreyfus Foundation Freeport-McMoRan Copper & Gold Foundation The Stocker Foundation JPMorgan Chase The WIlliam L. and Ruth T. Pendleton Memorial Fund John and Helen Murphy Foundation Tucson Medical Center National Endowment for the Arts Tucson Pima Arts Council Phoenix Office of Arts and Culture Wells Fargo PICOR Charitable Foundation ABOUT ATC Arizona Theatre Company is a professional, not-for-profit theatre company. This means that all of our artists, administrators and production staff are paid professionals, and the income we receive from ticket sales and contributions goes right back into our budget to create our work, rather than to any particular person as a profit. Each season, ATC employs hundreds of actors, directors and designers from all over the country to create the work you see on stage. In addition, ATC currently employs approximately 50 staff members in our production shops and administrative offices in Tucson and Phoenix during our season. Among these people are carpenters, painters, marketing professionals, fundraisers, stage directors, sound and light board operators, tailors, costume designers, box office agents, stage crew - the list is endless - representing am amazing range of talents and skills. We are also supported by a Board of Trustees, a group of business and community leaders who volunteer their time and expertise to assist the theatre in financial and legal matters, advise in marketing and fundraising, and help represent the theatre in our community. Roughly 150,000 people attend our shows every year, and several thousand of those people support us with charitable contributions in addition to purchasing their tickets. Businesses large and small, private foundations and the city and state governments also support our work financially. All of this is in support of our vision and mission: The mission of Arizona Theatre Company is to inspire, engage and entertain - one moment, one production and one audience at a time. Our mission is to create professional theatre that continually strives to reach new levels of artistic excellence that resonates locally, in the state of Arizona and throughout the nation. In order to fulfill our mission, the theatre produces a broad repertoire ranging from classics to new works, engages artists of the highest caliber, and is committed to assuring access to the broadest spectrum of citizens. The Temple of Music and Art, the home of ATC shows in downtown The Herberger Theater Center, ATC’s performance venue in downtown Tucson. Phoenix. 1 INTRODUCTION TO THE PLAY Fiddler on the Roof Music by Jerry Bock Lyrics by Sheldon Harnick Book by Joseph Stein TRADITION! It has been a 50-year tradition at ATC to bring you the best and most vibrant professional theatre that Arizona has to offer. Our Golden Anniversary season will feature an epic production of Fiddler on the Roof. Join us for this richly heartwarming story of fathers and daughters, husbands and wives, and the timeless traditions that define faith and family. Featuring such Broadway classics as “To Life,” “If I Were a Rich Man,” “Sunrise, Sunset,” and “Matchmaker, Matchmaker,” this Show art by Esser Design. uplifting 50th Anniversary celebration production raises its cup to joy! To love! To life! MEET THE CREATORS Jerry Bock (Music) was born in New Haven, Connecticut on November 23rd, 1928. Thirty years later, he and Sheldon Harnick gave birth to The Body Beautiful. In between was Catch a Star. Next, Jule Styne and Tommy Valano midwifed Bock, Larry Holofcener and George Weiss into birthing Mr. Wonderful starring Sammy Davis Jr. The title song and "Too Close for Comfort" are still active off springs. Bock and Harnick's celebrated collaboration yielded five scores in seven years. The Body Beautiful, Fiorello! (winner of Broadway's triple crown: The Tony Award, The New York Critics' Circle Award and The Pulitzer Prize in drama). Tenderloin, She Loves Me, Fiddler on the Roof (nine Tony Awards, including best musical), The Apple Tree and The Rothschilds. In addition to the 1989 silver anniversary production of Fiddler, a highly Jerry Bock with Sheldon Harnick. esteemed revival of The Rothschilds enjoyed a successful run off-Broadway the following year. Since then, Bock and Harnick were triply honored by being inducted into the Theater Hall of Fame, receiving the Johnny Mercer Award from the Songwriters Hall of Fame and the Spirit of American Creativity Award from the Foundation for a Creative America. However, the "award" that Bock holds near and 2 dear is the honorary Doctor of Humane Letters degree from the University of Wisconsin. It was there that he met his wife Patti, and it was there that he decided to be a composer. Mr. Bock was a member of numerous professional guilds and associations, among which the BMI Foundation, Inc. was a membership he relished. Sheldon Harnick (Lyrics) earned a Bachelor of Music degree, majoring in violin, from Northwestern University School of Music, where he contributed to Northwestern's annual student revue, the Waa-Mu Show. After graduation, he worked with Henry Brandon's dance orchestra around Chicago and the Midwest. He moved to New York in 1950 to try to be a theatrical song writer. First song in a Broadway show: "The Boston Beguine" in New Faces of 1952. He contributed songs to the following On and Off-Broadway revues: Two's Company, John Murray Anderson's Almanac, The Shoestring Revue, Shoestring '57, Kaleidoscope, The Littlest Revue, Vintage '60. He wrote the lyrics for his first book show, Horatio (Book: Ira Wallach, Music: David Baker), produced at Margo Jone's theater in Dallas in 1954, later produced Off-Broadway in 1961 under the title Smiling the Boy Fell Dead. Wrote lyrics anonymously for The Amazing Adele, Shangri-La, and for Portofino. With Jerry Bock: The Body Beautiful, Ford Tractor Show, Fiorello, Sheldon Harnick. Tenderloin, Man in the Moon, She Loves Me, To Broadway with Love, Fiddler on the Roof, Baker Street, The Apple Tree, The Canterville Ghost, The Rothschilds. Joseph Stein (Book) started his career in television and was one of a noted group of writers on Your Show of Shows and The Sid Caesar Show. His first work for the theatre was as co-author of Plain and Fancy, the hit musical about the adventures of a pair of sophisticated New Yorkers living among the Amish in Pennsylvania. His next show was Mr. Wonderful, starring Sammy Davis, Jr. He created the libretto for the Bock and Harnick musical The Body Beautiful. His next librettos were for Take Me Along, based on Eugene O'Neill's Ah, Wilderness, and Juno, with score by Marc Blitzstein. He then wrote the adaptation for the hit stage comedy Enter Laughing. Fiddler on the Roof was his next show, for which he won the Tony as well as the Drama Critics' Circle Award. He was also nominated for a Tony for his Joseph Stein. next show,