DOCSLIB.ORG

Russia on the Move-The Railroads and the Exodus from Compulsory Collectivism 1861-1914

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
Russia on the Move-The Railroads and the Exodus from Compulsory Collectivism 1861-1914 Russia on the Move-The Railroads and the Exodus From Compulsory Collectivism 1861-1914 Sztern, Sylvia 2017 Document Version: Peer reviewed version (aka post-print) Link to publication Citation for published version (APA): Sztern, S. (2017). Russia on the Move-The Railroads and the Exodus From Compulsory Collectivism 1861- 1914. (2017 ed.). Printed in Sweden by Media-Tryck, Lund University. Total number of authors: 1 Creative Commons License: Unspecified General rights Unless other specific re-use rights are stated the following general rights apply: Copyright and moral rights for the publications made accessible in the public portal are retained by the authors and/or other copyright owners and it is a condition of accessing publications that users recognise and abide by the legal requirements associated with these rights. • Users may download and print one copy of any publication from the public portal for the purpose of private study or research. • You may not further distribute the material or use it for any profit-making activity or commercial gain • You may freely distribute the URL identifying the publication in the public portal Read more about Creative commons licenses: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/ Take down policy If you believe that this document breaches copyright please contact us providing details, and we will remove access to the work immediately and investigate your claim. LUND UNIVERSITY PO Box 117 221 00 Lund +46 46-222 00 00 Russia on the Move The Railroads and the Exodus from Compulsory Collectivism 1861–1914 Sylvia Sztern DOCTORAL DISSERTATION by due permission of the School of Economics and Management, Lund University, Sweden. To be defended at EC3:211, September 19, 2017 at 13:00. Faculty opponent Judith Pallot Organization Document name LUND UNIVERSITY DOCTORAL DISSERTATION Department of Economic History Date of issue 21 August, 2017 Author(s) Sylvia Sztern Sponsoring organization Title and subtitle Russia on the Move: The Railroads and the Exodus from Compulsory Collectivism 1861–1914 Abstract Western scholars of Tsarist Russia emphasize the continuity of collectivism on the Russian plain. Numerous endogenous factors explain the human clustering that occurred as kinship structures evolved into territorial agrarian communal patterns. In my dissertation, combining the Westernizers’ and the Slavophiles’ conceptualization of the mir—the village commune—it is argued that precarious climatic conditions, uncertain yields, and the high frequency of famines and other calamities caused peasant mutual-insurance strategies to take shape, resulting in krugovaya poruka (mutual responsibility). Tsarist rulers exploited this practice to enhance tax extraction, impose social control, and reduce surveillance costs. The ensuing degradation of labor explains Tsarist Russia’s perennial status as a technology importer and a debtor. The Imperial rulers’ territorial aspirations that entailed the strategic import of railroads, however, incentivized the peasantry to accumulate literacy and other skills that, by investing them with growing subversive and bargaining power, compelled modernizing reforms. By inducing a culturally revolutionizing reduction of temporal-cognitive distances, the railroads linked the peasants of European Russia to urban industrial economies and to customary (volost) and formal Imperial court systems, cumulatively reducing the costs of property and individual-dignity lawsuits while increasing the predictability of outcomes favorable to them. The railroads also dramatically mitigated the uncertainties and mortal perils of peasant life while introducing peasants to a plethora of institutions allowing rational choice, specialization, and, from 1903 onward, gradual delegation of property rights by the rulers. Challenging Gerschenkron, I posit that the nature of collectivism changed after the emancipation. The iron arms of the Tsarist state—the railroads that steered peasants to seasonal wage labor as well as permanent migration—paved the way to a modernizing transition from authoritarian obedience to rational utility maximization. The compulsory collectivism of the serfdom era gave way to rationalist cooperation and individualism. The delegation of household-head property rights in land, catalyzed by the railroads and codified in Stolypin’s reform, portended Russia’s transition to a constitutional monarchy. As an epilogue, the empirical and concluding chapter of the dissertation reveals a positive correlation between a commune’s distance from the nearest railroad stations and the proportion of peasant land cultivated in the traditional collectivist repartitioning manner of the obshchina, and a negative correlation between distance from the railroad and the proportion of individualistic modes of land cultivation. This empirical chapter, co-authored by my advisor, Professor Michael Keren, suggests that the modernization of Russia was occasioned by the railroads and occurred three decades before the advent of Stalinism. Key words: Institutions, technology, village commune-obshchina, insurance, famines, calamities, railroads, rationality, collectivism, individualism Classification system and/or index terms (if any) Supplementary bibliographical information Language ISSN and key title 1400-4860 ISBN 978-91-87793-36-3 Recipient’s notes Number of pages Price Security classification I, the undersigned, being the copyright owner of the abstract of the above-mentioned dissertation, hereby grant to all reference sources permission to publish and disseminate the abstract of the above-mentioned dissertation. Signature Date July 14, 2017 Russia on the Move The Railroads and the Exodus from Compulsory Collectivism 1861–1914 Sylvia Sztern Lund Studies in Economic History is a series of doctoral dissertations and edited volumes of high scholarly quality in subjects related to the Department of Economic History at the School of Economics and Management, Lund University. All volumes have been reviewed and approved prior to publication. Coverphoto by Marc Chagall Copyright Sylvia Sztern School of Economics and Management Department of Economic History ISBN 978-91-87793-36-3 ISSN 1400-4860 Printed in Sweden by Media-Tryck, Lund University, Lund 2017 To my grandparents and parents: Sarah and Leibl Sztern (“Trotsky”), Hebrew entrepreneurs who paid their taxes to the Jewish Community of Lublin for the last time in 1943 before perishing at Sobibor. Fruma and Ruvim Jakovlevich Dereczynskij My grandfather was Professor at the St: Petersburg Institute of Telecommunications, who perished in Stalin’s purges in 1937. יהי זכרם ברוך. Moshe Sztern - I will forever celebrate the joy of your music. יהי זכרו ברוך Cecylia Dereczynska - I cherish your ever-present love, sacrifice ,care, moral support, and inspiration, which allowed me to write this dissertation. All my fine teachers in Israel with boundless love and admiration—particularly Professors Michael Keren and Gur Ofer of the Hebrew University of Jerusalem. מוקדש לכל מוראיי הטובים ב ישראל באהבה והערצת אין קץ - במיוחד לפרופסור מיכאל קרן, ולפרופסור גור עופר ה אוניברסיתה ה עיברית בי ירושלים. Gad Goldberg of blessed memory, who enabled me to realize the quest of my heart: Israeli identity and citizenship and studies in Israel, the country that I love, the country of my finest endeavors. מוקדש לגד גולדברג יהיה זיכרו ברוך, אשר איפשר מימוש בקשת ליבי זהותי, אזרחותי,הישראלית לימודיי בישראל -ארץ ה אהבה ו ה עבודה ה טובה Moni, Professor Moshe Goldberg, who added inspiration and moral and spiritual support to the scientific work presented herewith. מוקדש למוני, פרופסור משה גולדברג אשר הוסיף השראה, תמיכה מוסרית ורוחנית ל עבודתי המדעית זאות Content Acknowledgement ..................................................................................................15 Chapter 1 - Introduction ...........................................................................................1 Aims and Contents of the Dissertation ...........................................................1 Structure of the Dissertation ...........................................................................2 Chapter 2 - Hierarchy and Egalitarianism in Tsarist Rural Structures ..2 Chapter 3 - Through the Lences of Theory ...........................................3 Chapter 4 - Industrialization as a Precipitant of Tensions between Tsardom and Nascent Civil Society ......................................................3 Chapter 5 - The Peasantry and Its Ties to the Land amid Tsarist Industrialization .....................................................................................4 Chapter 6 - The Railroad and the Metamorphosis of the Mir- Westernizer and Slavophile Conceptions Revisited ..............................4 Chapter 7 - Secularization and Pious Subversion–To the Constitution by Rail ...................................................................................................5 Chapter 8 - From Peter to Nicholas-Continuity and Progress through Reform ...................................................................................................6 Chapter 9 - Was Stalin Necessary? Railroads and the Crumbling of the Obshchina in Tsarist Russia ..................................................................6 Chapter 2 - Hierarchy and Egalitarianism in Tsarist Rural Structures .....................9 The Proposed Perspective: Institutional transition from personalized to impersonalized rights .....................................................................................9 Locus and type of rule
Load more

Recommended publications
  • Catherine the Great and the Development of a Modern Russian Sovereignty, 1762-1796
    Catherine the Great and the Development of a Modern Russian Sovereignty, 1762-1796 By Thomas Lucius Lowish A dissertation submitted in partial satisfaction of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy in History in the Graduate Division of the University of California, Berkeley Committee in charge: Professor Victoria Frede-Montemayor, Chair Professor Jonathan Sheehan Professor Kinch Hoekstra Spring 2021 Abstract Catherine the Great and the Development of a Modern Russian Sovereignty, 1762-1796 by Thomas Lucius Lowish Doctor of Philosophy in History University of California, Berkeley Professor Victoria Frede-Montemayor, Chair Historians of Russian monarchy have avoided the concept of sovereignty, choosing instead to describe how monarchs sought power, authority, or legitimacy. This dissertation, which centers on Catherine the Great, the empress of Russia between 1762 and 1796, takes on the concept of sovereignty as the exercise of supreme and untrammeled power, considered legitimate, and shows why sovereignty was itself the major desideratum. Sovereignty expressed parity with Western rulers, but it would allow Russian monarchs to bring order to their vast domain and to meaningfully govern the lives of their multitudinous subjects. This dissertation argues that Catherine the Great was a crucial figure in this process. Perceiving the confusion and disorder in how her predecessors exercised power, she recognized that sovereignty required both strong and consistent procedures as well as substantial collaboration with the broadest possible number of stakeholders. This was a modern conception of sovereignty, designed to regulate the swelling mechanisms of the Russian state. Catherine established her system through careful management of both her own activities and the institutions and servitors that she saw as integral to the system.
    [Show full text]
  • Petromacho, Or Mechanisms of De-Modernization in a Resource State
    Russian Politics & Law ISSN: 1061-1940 (Print) 1558-0962 (Online) Journal homepage: https://www.tandfonline.com/loi/mrup20 Petromacho, or Mechanisms of De-Modernization in a Resource State Alexander Etkind To cite this article: Alexander Etkind (2018) Petromacho, or Mechanisms of De-Modernization in a Resource State, Russian Politics & Law, 56:1-2, 72-85, DOI: 10.1080/10611940.2018.1686921 To link to this article: https://doi.org/10.1080/10611940.2018.1686921 Published online: 18 Dec 2019. Submit your article to this journal Article views: 1 View related articles View Crossmark data Full Terms & Conditions of access and use can be found at https://www.tandfonline.com/action/journalInformation?journalCode=mrup20 Russian Politics and Law, vol. 56, nos. 1–2, 2018, pp. 72–85. © 2019 Taylor & Francis Group, LLC ISSN: 1061-1940 (print)/ISSN 1558-0962 (online) DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/10611940.2018.1686921 ALEXANDER ETKIND Petromacho, or Mechanisms of De-Modernization in a Resource State I am an impartial observer of the events of Russia in 2012, and I would define them as a conflict between knowledge and capital. Both sides are continually surprised, each by their own things, while smart people become increasingly poorer, and rich people increasingly stupid. Trying to understand the perplexity of both sides, I would firstly like to say that the situation is unmodern, or anti-modern. Modernization and meritocracy are two sides of the same coin. Without open access to the elite, social lifts, and creative destruction, modernity is unimaginable.
    [Show full text]
  • Russia's Foreign Policy Change and Continuity in National Identity
    Russia’s Foreign Policy Russia’s Foreign Policy Change and Continuity in National Identity Second Edition Andrei P. Tsygankov ROWMAN & LITTLEFIELD PUBLISHERS, INC. Lanham • Boulder • New York • Toronto • Plymouth, UK Published by Rowman & Littlefield Publishers, Inc. A wholly owned subsidiary of The Rowman & Littlefield Publishing Group, Inc. 4501 Forbes Boulevard, Suite 200, Lanham, Maryland 20706 http://www.rowmanlittlefield.com Estover Road, Plymouth PL6 7PY, United Kingdom Copyright © 2010 by Rowman & Littlefield Publishers, Inc. All rights reserved. No part of this book may be reproduced in any form or by any electronic or mechanical means, including information storage and retrieval systems, without written permission from the publisher, except by a reviewer who may quote passages in a review. British Library Cataloguing in Publication Information Available Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data Tsygankov, Andrei P., 1964- Russia's foreign policy : change and continuity in national identity / Andrei P. Tsygankov. -- 2nd ed. p. cm. Includes bibliographical references and index. ISBN 978-0-7425-6752-8 (cloth : alk. paper) -- ISBN 978-0-7425-6753-5 (paper : alk. paper) -- ISBN 978-0-7425-6754-2 (electronic) 1. Russia (Federation)--Foreign relations. 2. Soviet Union--Foreign relations. 3. Great powers. 4. Russia (Federation)--Foreign relations--Western countries. 5. Western countries--Foreign relations--Russia (Federation) 6. Nationalism--Russia (Federation) 7. Social change--Russia (Federation) I. Title. DK510.764.T785 2010 327.47--dc22 2009049396 ™ The paper used in this publication meets the minimum requirements of American National Standard for Information Sciences—Permanence of Paper for Printed Library Materials, ANSI/NISO Z39.48-1992. Printed in the United States of America It is the eternal dispute between those who imagine the world to suit their policy, and those who arrange their policy to suit the realities of the world.
    [Show full text]
  • Hamburgm CV 2019
    Name: Gary Michael Hamburg Office: History Department Home, Claremont: 468 Potomac Way 850 Columbia Avenue Claremont, CA 91711 Claremont McKenna College Home, South Bend: 1430 East Wayne St. Claremont, CA 91711 South Bend, IN 46615 (909) 624-6490. (574) 261-5271 cell. Email: [email protected] Education: A.B. with distinction, Stanford University, 1972; A.M. in History, Stanford University, 1974; Ph.D. in History, Stanford University, 1978. Foreign study at Leningrad State University, USSR, 1971-1972 (Fall Semester) and 1975- 1976 (Academic Year); at Moscow University, 1986; in Moscow, 1992. Employment and Teaching: Teaching and Research Fellow, Stanford University, 1977-1978; Assistant Professor of History, Cornell College, 1978-1979; Assistant Professor of History, University of Notre Dame, 1979-1985; Associate Professor, University of Notre Dame, 1985-1993; Professor of History, University of Notre Dame, 1993 to 2004; Recipient, Kaneb Award for Outstanding Teaching, University of Notre Dame, 2003. Otto M. Behr Professor of European History, Claremont McKenna College, 2004 to present. Roy P. Crocker Award for Merit (awarded by the faculty), 2011 – 2012. Honors and Fellowships: Sloan Scholar, Stanford University, 1968-1972; Phi Beta Kappa, 1972; IREX/Fulbright-Hays Fellow, 1975-1976; Maybelle MacLeod Lewis Fellow, 1977; IREX/Fulbright-Hays Fellow, 1986; National Endowment for the Humanities, Translation Grant, 1989 – 1990; Marc Raeff Prize for Best Book in 2016, from Eighteenth-Century Russian Studies Association. Major Publications: Books: Monographs 1. Politics of the Russian Nobility 1881-1905, Rutgers University Press, Spring 1984. 299 pp. 2. Boris Chicherin and Early Russian Liberalism, 1828 - 1866, Stanford University Press, Fall 1992.
    [Show full text]
  • GRADUATE READING LIST for IMPERIAL RUSSIA History Department University of Pennsylvania
    GRADUATE READING LIST FOR IMPERIAL RUSSIA History Department University of Pennsylvania (Spring 2017) ORGANIZATION 1. Overviews and general studies 2. Early Modern and Muscovite Russia 3. Peter the Great 4. XVIII Century 5. Pre-Reform Russia: 1801-1861 6. Post-reform Russia: 1861-1905 7. Revolution and War, 1905-1917 1. Overviews and General Studies of Particular Aspects of Russian History Afiani, V. Iu. Rossiia. Khronika osnovnykh sobytii. IX-XX veka. Moscow: Rosspen, 2002. Anisimov, E. Imperatorskaia Rossiia . Moscow-St. Petersburg: Piter, 2008. Billington, James. The Icon and the Axe. An Interpretive History of Russian Culture . New York: Alfred A. Knopf, 1966. Black, Cyril. Ed. The Transformation of Russian Society . Cambridge, Mass. Harvard University Pres, 1967. Brumfield, William. A History of Russian Architecture . Cambridge, UK: Cambridge University Press, 1993. Burbank, Jane. “An Imperial Rights Regime: Law and Citizenship in the Russian Empire.” Kritika: Explorations in Russian and Eurasian History 7, no. 3 (Summer 2006), 397-432. Cherniavsky, Michael. Ed. The Structure of Russian History . New York: Random House, 1970. Dixon, Simon. The Modernization of Russia . Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1999. Dukes, Paul. The Making of Russian Absolutism, 1612-1801 . London: Longmans, 1982. Edie, James, James Scanlan, Mary-Barbara Zeldin. Eds. Russian Philosophy . 3 vols. Knoxville : University of Tennessee Press, 1976. Eroshkin, N. Istoriia gosudarstvennykh uchrezhdenii dorevoliutsionnoi Rossii . 3rd ed. Moscow: Vysshaia shkola, 1983; many other editions. Fedotov, G. P. The Russian Religious Mind . 2 vols. Cambridge, Mass., Harvard University Press, 1966. Figes, Orlando. Natasha’s Dance: A Cultural History of Russia. New York: Picador, 2002. Florovsky, George. Puti russkogo bogosloviia .
    [Show full text]
  • Landmarks Revisited the Vekhi Symposium 100 Years on C U Lt U R a L R E V O Lu T I O N S : R U S S I a I N T H E 20 T H C E N T U Ry
    Landmarks Revisited The Vekhi Symposium 100 Years On C u lt u r a l r e v o lu t i o n s : r u s s i a i n t h e 20 t h C e n t u ry s e r i e s e d i to r Boris Wolfson—Amherst College e d i to r i a l B oa r d : Anthony Anemone—The New School Robert BiRd—The University Of Chicago eliot BoRenstein—New York University Angela BRintlingeR—The Ohio State University Karen evAns-RomAine—Ohio University Jochen HellBeck—Rutgers University lilya KAgAnovsKy—University Of Illinois, Urbana-Champaign Christina KiAeR—Northwestern University Alaina lemon—University Of Michigan simon morrison—Princeton University eric NaimAn—University Of California, Berkeley Joan neuBeRgeR—University Of Texas, Austin ludmila Parts—Mcgill University ethan Pollock—Brown University Cathy Popkin—Columbia University stephanie SandleR—Harvard University Landmarks Revisited The Vekhi Symposium 100 Years On E di t E d b y R o b i n A i z l E w o o d A nd R u t h C oAt E s BOSTON / 2013 Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data: A bibliographic record for this title is available from the Library of Congress. Copyright © 2013 Academic Studies Press All rights reserved ISBN 978-1-618811-286-6 (hardback) ISBN 978-1-61811-287-3 (electronic) Book design by Ivan Grave Published by Academic Studies Press in 2013 28 Montfern Avenue Brighton, MA 02135, USA [email protected] www.academicstudiespress.com Effective December 12th, 2017, this book will be subject to a CC-BY-NC license.
    [Show full text]
  • Sholem Schwarzbard: Biography of a Jewish Assassin
    Sholem Schwarzbard: Biography of a Jewish Assassin The Harvard community has made this article openly available. Please share how this access benefits you. Your story matters Citation Johnson, Kelly. 2012. Sholem Schwarzbard: Biography of a Jewish Assassin. Doctoral dissertation, Harvard University. Citable link http://nrs.harvard.edu/urn-3:HUL.InstRepos:9830349 Terms of Use This article was downloaded from Harvard University’s DASH repository, and is made available under the terms and conditions applicable to Other Posted Material, as set forth at http:// nrs.harvard.edu/urn-3:HUL.InstRepos:dash.current.terms-of- use#LAA © 2012 Kelly Scott Johnson All rights reserved Professor Ruth R. Wisse Kelly Scott Johnson Sholem Schwarzbard: Biography of a Jewish Assassin Abstract The thesis represents the first complete academic biography of a Jewish clockmaker, warrior poet and Anarchist named Sholem Schwarzbard. Schwarzbard's experience was both typical and unique for a Jewish man of his era. It included four immigrations, two revolutions, numerous pogroms, a world war and, far less commonly, an assassination. The latter gained him fleeting international fame in 1926, when he killed the Ukrainian nationalist leader Symon Petliura in Paris in retribution for pogroms perpetrated during the Russian Civil War (1917-20). After a contentious trial, a French jury was sufficiently convinced both of Schwarzbard's sincerity as an avenger, and of Petliura's responsibility for the actions of his armies, to acquit him on all counts. Mostly forgotten by the rest of the world, the assassin has remained a divisive figure in Jewish-Ukrainian relations, leading to distorted and reductive descriptions his life.
    [Show full text]
  • Catherine the Great and the Development of a Modern Russian Sovereignty, 1762-1796
    Catherine the Great and the Development of a Modern Russian Sovereignty, 1762-1796 By Thomas Lucius Lowish A dissertation submitted in partial satisfaction of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy in History in the Graduate Division of the University of California, Berkeley Committee in charge: Professor Victoria Frede-Montemayor, Chair Professor Jonathan Sheehan Professor Kinch Hoekstra Spring 2021 Abstract Catherine the Great and the Development of a Modern Russian Sovereignty, 1762-1796 by Thomas Lucius Lowish Doctor of Philosophy in History University of California, Berkeley Professor Victoria Frede-Montemayor, Chair Historians of Russian monarchy have avoided the concept of sovereignty, choosing instead to describe how monarchs sought power, authority, or legitimacy. This dissertation, which centers on Catherine the Great, the empress of Russia between 1762 and 1796, takes on the concept of sovereignty as the exercise of supreme and untrammeled power, considered legitimate, and shows why sovereignty was itself the major desideratum. Sovereignty expressed parity with Western rulers, but it would allow Russian monarchs to bring order to their vast domain and to meaningfully govern the lives of their multitudinous subjects. This dissertation argues that Catherine the Great was a crucial figure in this process. Perceiving the confusion and disorder in how her predecessors exercised power, she recognized that sovereignty required both strong and consistent procedures as well as substantial collaboration with the broadest possible number of stakeholders. This was a modern conception of sovereignty, designed to regulate the swelling mechanisms of the Russian state. Catherine established her system through careful management of both her own activities and the institutions and servitors that she saw as integral to the system.
    [Show full text]
  • Playing Panpipes in Southern Russia: History, Ethnography, and Performance Practices
    INFORMATION TO USERS This manuscript has been reproduced from the microfilm master. UMI films the text directly from the original or copy submitted. Thus, some thesis and dissertation copies are in typewriter face, while others may be from any type o f computer printer. The quality of this reproduction is dependent upon the quality of the copy submitted. Broken or indistinct print, colored or poor quality illustrations and photographs, print bleedthrough, substandard margins, and improper alignment can adversely aflfect reproduction. In the unlikely event that the author did not send UMI a complete manuscript and there are missing pages, these will be noted. Also, if unauthorized copyright material had to be removed, a note will indicate the deletion. Oversize materials (e.g., maps, drawings, charts) are reproduced by sectioning the original, beginning at the upper left-hand comer and continuing from left to right in equal sections with small overlaps. Each original is also photographed in one exposure and is included in reduced form at the back of the book. Photographs included in the original manuscript have been reproduced xerographically in this copy. Higher quality 6” x 9” black and white photographic prints are available for any photographs or illustrations appearing in this copy for an additional charge. Contact UMI directly to order. UMI A Bell & Howell Infonnation Company 300 North Zed) Road, Ann Aibor MI 48106-1346 USA 313/761-4700 800/521-0600 NOTE TO USERS The original manuscript received by UMI contains pages witFi slanted print. Pages were microfilmed as received. This reproduction is the best copy available UMI PLAYING PANPIPES IN SOUTHERN RUSSIA: HISTORY, ETHNOGRAPHY, AND PERFORMANCE PRACTICES VOL.
    [Show full text]
  • Russian Political Liberalism and Western Political Theory
    _________________________________________________________________________Swansea University E-Theses Russian political liberalism and Western political theory. Kaehne, Axel How to cite: _________________________________________________________________________ Kaehne, Axel (2002) Russian political liberalism and Western political theory.. thesis, Swansea University. http://cronfa.swan.ac.uk/Record/cronfa42222 Use policy: _________________________________________________________________________ This item is brought to you by Swansea University. Any person downloading material is agreeing to abide by the terms of the repository licence: copies of full text items may be used or reproduced in any format or medium, without prior permission for personal research or study, educational or non-commercial purposes only. The copyright for any work remains with the original author unless otherwise specified. The full-text must not be sold in any format or medium without the formal permission of the copyright holder. Permission for multiple reproductions should be obtained from the original author. Authors are personally responsible for adhering to copyright and publisher restrictions when uploading content to the repository. Please link to the metadata record in the Swansea University repository, Cronfa (link given in the citation reference above.) http://www.swansea.ac.uk/library/researchsupport/ris-support/ Russian Political Liberalism and Western Political Theory Axel Kaehne Submitted to the University of Wales in fulfilment of the requirements for the Degree of Doctor of Philosophy University of Wales Swansea 2002 1 ProQuest Number: 10797924 All rights reserved INFORMATION TO ALL USERS The quality of this reproduction is dependent upon the quality of the copy submitted. In the unlikely event that the author did not send a com plete manuscript and there are missing pages, these will be noted.
    [Show full text]
  • Warfare, State and Society on the Black Sea Steppe, 1500-1700
    Warfare, State and Society on the Black Sea Steppe, 1500–1700 In the sixteenth and seventeenth centuries Muscovy waged a costly struggle against the Crimean Khanate, the Ottoman Empire, and the Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth for control of the fertile steppe above the Black Sea. This was a region of great strategic and economic importance – arguably the pivot of Eurasia at the time. Yet, this crucial period in Russia’s history has, up until now, been neglected by historians. Brian L. Davies’s study provides an essential insight into the emergence of Russia as a great power. The long campaign took a great toll upon Russia’s population, economy, and institutions, and repeatedly frustrated or redefi ned Russian military and diplo- matic projects in the West. The struggle was every bit as important as Russia’s wars in northern and central Europe for driving the Russian state-building process, forcing military reform and shaping Russia’s visions of Empire. Warfare, State and Society on the Black Sea Steppe, 1500–1700 examines the course of this struggle and explains how Russia’s ultimate prevalence resulted from new strategies of military colonization in addition to improvements in army command-and-control, logistics, and tactics. Brian L. Davies is Associate Professor of History at the University of Texas at San Antonio. His publications include State Power and Community in Early Modern Russia: The Case of Kozlov, 1635–1649 (2004). Warfare and History General Editor Jeremy Black Professor of History, University of Exeter Air Power in the Age of Total War Modern Chinese Warfare, Warfare in Atlantic Africa, 1500– John Buckley 1795–1989 1800: Maritime Confl icts and the Bruce A.
    [Show full text]
  • Russia's Foreign Policy: the Internal
    RUSSIA’S FOREIGN POLICY FOREIGN RUSSIA’S XXXXXXXX Andemus, cont? Giliis. Fertus por aciendam ponclem is at ISPI. omantem atuidic estius, nos modiertimiu consulabus RUSSIA’S FOREIGN POLICY: vivissulin voctum lissede fenducient. Andius isupio uratient. THE INTERNAL- Founded in 1934, ISPI is Actu sis me inatquam te te te, consulvit rei firiam atque a an independent think tank committed to the study of catis. Benterri er prarivitea nit; ipiesse stiliis aucto esceps, INTERNATIONAL LINK international political and Catuit depse huiumum peris, et esupimur, omnerobus economic dynamics. coneque nocuperem moves es vesimus. edited by Aldo Ferrari and Eleonora Tafuro Ambrosetti It is the only Italian Institute Iter ponsultorem, ursultorei contern ultortum di sid C. Marbi introduction by Paolo Magri – and one of the very few in silictemqui publint, Ti. Teatquit, videst auderfe ndiissendam Europe – to combine research Romnesidem simaximium intimus, ut et; eto te adhui activities with a significant publius conlostam sultusquit vid Cate facteri oriciamdi, commitment to training, events, ompec morterei iam pracion tum mo habem vitus pat veri and global risk analysis for senaributem apecultum forte hicie convo, que tris. Serum companies and institutions. pra intin tant. ISPI favours an interdisciplinary Bonertum inatum et rem sus ilicaedemus vid con tum and policy-oriented approach made possible by a research aur, conenit non se facia movere pareis, vo, vistelis re, crei team of over 50 analysts and terae movenenit L. Um prox noximod neritiam adeffrestod an international network of 70 comnit. Mulvis Ahacciverte confenit vat. Romnihilii issedem universities, think tanks, and acchuiu scenimi liescipio vistum det; hacrurorum, et, research centres.
    [Show full text]