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By 4 A. ?. 724 Filed Aug June 4, 1957 F. M. MORA 2,794,838 CONTINUOUS PROCESS FOR PRODUCING ACETONE USING CALCIUM ACETATE LIQUOR AS STARTING MATERIA Filed Aug. 12, 1952 2 sheets-Sheet l y *S-249 - 247 Gl. 246 335'1234\ 236 233 229 229 37-sos 229 3. 224 - 205 24, 240 "I 399 EASE O2 6 252 2. 256- 32 % 2 2 Sé 254 INVENTOR FERNANDO MARO MORA by 4 a. ?. 724 Filed Aug. 12, 1952 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 INVENO 2,794,838 Un ted States Patent Office Patented June 4, 1957 2 An object of the present invention is the provision of a novel process for producing acetone directly from a calcium acetate liquor in a single continuous step. 2,794,838 Another object of the invention is the provision of a CONTINUOUS PROCESS FOR PRODUCING ACE novel process for the decomposition of calcium acetate TONE USENG CALCUM ACETATE LIQUOR AS which is adapted to be performed in a manner enabling STARTING MATERIAL automatic cleaning and removal of the residues which Fernando Mario Mora, Buenos Aires, Argentina are formed. These and further objects and advantages of the pres Application August 12, 1952, Serial No. 304,023 10 ent invention will become evident during the following description in which, in order to facilitate an understand 6 Claims. (C. 260-595) ing of the invention, reference is made to the accompany. ing drawing in which: Fig. 1 is a longitudinal section of the calcium acetate The present invention relates to a novel method of 5 decomposition cylinder and its accessories; treating calcium acetate liquor, such as the liquor ob Fig. 2 is a longitudinal section of the piston and atom tained by treating pyroligneous acid with calcium hydrate izing head of the calcium acetate decomposition cyl and clarifying the resulting calcium acetate, to produce inder; products such as acetone, methyl acetone and acetone Fig. 3 is a cross-section along line 3-3 of Fig. 2; oils. 20 h Fig. 4 is a front elevation of the piston and atomizing In the known processes for decomposing calcium ead; acetate, the above mentioned products are obtained from Fig. 5 is a perspective view of a wear guide of the dry calcium acetate. Since the steps of the process for piston; and obtaining the above mentioned product are rather well Fig. 6 is a side elevation, partly in section, and show. known, it is considered unnecessary to enter into very 25 ing the production of acetone and by-products starting e specific details with regard to them. The main opera from calcium acetate liquor. tions which are performed in the known process, are The decomposition of calcium acetate liquor, in ac the following: cordance with the invention, is illustrated in Figs. 1-5. (a) Heating the calcium acetate liquor in large boil Referring first to Fig. 1, liquor supply means 204 for ers in order to evaporate the water, until a pasty state is 30 the calcium acetate liquor comprises a pump 229 which reached. is connected to supply pipe 205 and to a flexible con (b) Drying the paste until completely dried. duit 231 connected to the feeding device in the calcium (c) Distilling the dry calcium acetate until it is de acetate decomposition cylinder 102. The pump 229 composed. comprises a cylinder 229 within which is slidably mount The above three steps are of such an exorbitant cost 35 ed a plunger 233, the upper end of which is connected for wood distilleries that in practice it is impossible to to a stem 234. The free end portion of said stem 234 produce acetone starting from the pyroligneous acid, and is linked by means of nuts 235 and 235' to a cross therefore the distilleries prefer to send said pyroligneous bar 236 and a stuffing box 237 seals the inside of pump acid or the calcium acetate liquor to waste before in 229 from the outside and enables the passage of plunger dustrializing it, which obviously represents a deplorable 40 233. The base 229' of pump 229 has a central bore loSS. provided at its inner end with a seat for a ball 240 ar In the known process of industrializing the dry cal ranged in a cage 241 forming a check valve. A duct cium acetate, several important drawbacks occur, such as: 242 is connected to the base 229' of cylinder 229. A The evaporation of the water contained in the calcium check valve 243 links duct 242 with the flexible conduit acetate liquor by heating said calcium acetate in enor 45 23. mous boilers either by direct fire or by steam produces The cylinder 229 is mounted on a base 244 through considerable heat insulating incrustations which imply which pipe 205 passes. Said pipe 205 connects said pump serious inconveniences and considerable loss of fuel. 229 with a source of calcium acetate liquor. Once the pasty state is reached, it is necessary to ex The cross-bar 236 has in its middle portion a projec tract the paste from the boiler and spray it over heated 50 tion 246 to which a connecting rod 247 is coupled, the iron plates, where the drying operation is carried out, other end of which is coupled to a crank 248 driven by which requires the continuous presence of operators in driving shaft 249. It will be understood that upon ro order to remove the paste which sticks on the heated tating the driving shaft 249 the cross-bar 236 rises and plates. falls and with it plunger 233 which in its upward move Once the drying operation is completed, the calcium 55 ments draws out a given volume of liquid through pipe acetate is stored for its further elaboration. 205 passing through check valve 240 which will be in In other words, it must be shifted, cooled and there the position shown in broken lines. During the admis after filled into distilling autoclaves where the calcium sion stroke above described, check valve 243 stops the acetate is reheated to approximately 300 to 400° C. for return of liquid contained in flexible conduit 231 and its decomposition. 60 connected devices, back to the cylinder 229'. Bearing in mind the time, the expense and the enor During the return stroke or downward movement of mous loss of calories and, what is more, the mainte plunger 233, the liquid in cylinder 229 will be ejected nance of three apparatus without considering the build through duct 242 and check valve 243 into flexible con ing costs, it is definitely shown that for wood distilleries duit 231 and at the same time, check valve 240 will be such an equipment is really uneconomic. 65 closed. On the other hand the step of treating the pyroligneous The calcium acetate decomposition cylinder 102 is acid and more particularly the calcium acetate liquor, housed at least partially in the heating chamber 99 of according to the present invention, permits the acetone to the furnace 65 and a partially hollow stem 400 enters be obtained in a single continuous step by spraying a decomposing cylinder 102 through a stuffing box 251. thin coating of the liquor on successive internal Surface 70 The free end of stem 400, as may be seen better in Figure areas heated to the decomposition temperature of the 2, housed in cylinder 102 is provided with a flange calcium acetate liquor. Supporting a disk 252 (see also Figure 3) by means 2,794,888 3 4. of bolts 253. The lower part of said disk 252 has in able by means of screws 299 and 300 provided with hand the embodiment shown a wear piece 256 (see Figure 5) wheels 301 and 302, respectively. which slides on a guiding rail 260 fixed to the bottom The sinks 401 collect residues which are discharged by part of the cylinder 102 and the length of which is sub piston 399 and when said sinks 401 are full with residues stantially equal to the distance between openings 285 and the said residues are passed to the antechambers 289 and 286 and the cbject of which will be explained later on. 290 by operating hand wheels 295 and 296, respectively; The wear piece 2S6 is formed of a bar 255 provided with once said residues have been discharged into the respec a slot 254 in its lower face 255' (see Figure 5). Said tive antechambers the panels 291 and 292 are closed slot 254 is complementary to the rail 260. Said bar again and the discharge panels 297 and 298 are opened, 255 is provided at each end with supporting projections 10 whereby said residues are discharged through channels 257 and 261, respectively, which are linked to the lower 303 and 304 into carriages 305 and 306 forming pref part of the disk 252 by means of a plurality of bolts 268 ably part of a train (not shown). (see Figure 2) which pass through perforations 259. As will be understood, upon discharging the residues The front face 262 of disk 252 is a supporting surface in the manner above explained, there is no connection for a residues scraper 263 the free edge 264 of which 5 established between the inside of cylinder 102 and the is in scraping contact with the internal wall 407 of atmosphere so that loss of acetone and other decomposi cylinder 102. tion products is avoided. An atomizing head 398 (see also Figure 4) is also Sup Having thus explained the structural details of the last ported by the disk 252 by means of a plurality of bolts devices described which are the pump 204, the calcium 267 which also pass through scraper 263 which is further 20 acetate decomposition cylinder 102 and their respective fixed to the lower part of said disk 252 by bolts 268.
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