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Laws and Regulations: Air Transportation of Persons with Disabilities (PWD) and Others in Indonesia

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Laws and Regulations: Air Transportation of Persons with Disabilities (PWD) and Others in Indonesia International Journal of Humanities and Social Science Invention ISSN (Online): 2319 – 7722, ISSN (Print): 2319 – 7714 www.ijhssi.org ||Volume 6 Issue 11||November. 2017 || PP.50-63 Laws and Regulations: Air Transportation of Persons with Disabilities (PWD) and Others in Indonesia Christine K,1 Frans Kurniawan,2 and Martono3 Abstract: This article purported to explore laws and regulations on air transportation of persons with disabilities (PWD) and others in Indonesia. It consist of three chapter namely chapter one regarding legal ground such as the United Nations (UN), Act No. 13 Year 1998, Act No. 39 Year 1999, high light of Act No. 39 Year 1999, PWD related to Chicago Convention of 1944, PWD in the ICAO Doc.9984, legal ground of PWD in the Civil Aviation Act of 2009; chapter two regarding air transportation of PWD and others provides Citilink’s COC includes the use of electronic ticket, cancellation and refund of E-ticket, legal liability, carrying PWD; Garuda Indonesia’s COC includes the right to refuse carriage, special assistance, passenger with illnesses and PWD, travel with a companion, special assistance for prisoners; Indonesian AirAsia’s COC includes PWD, passenger with a companion, passengers with a medical condition /illnesses, unaccompanied child, pregnant women, infants 8 days and/or below, the right to refuse and others; Lion Air’s COC includes PWD, the right to refuse; Sriwijaya Air’s COC includes the right to deny carriage and other; chapter three conclusion and recommendation. Keywords: persons with disabilities. air transportation, condition of carriage ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- ---------------------- Date of Submission: 18-11-2017 Date of acceptance: 30-11-2017 --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- I. Introduction On 3 April 2016, Etihad Airlines (EA) asked Mrs Dwi Ariyani (Mrs Dwi) to get off the plane that route from Jakarta to Geneva, due to Mrs Dwi is not accompanied by a companion, whilst she intends to fly to Geneva, Switzerland to attend the Convention on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities (CRPWD) at the office of the United Nations (UN). EA apologizes to Mrs Dwi (36), related incidents forcibly disable from Etihad aircraft that will fly to Geneva, Switzerland, on Sunday 3 April 2016. EA sincerely apologize for the inconvenience experienced by Mrs Dwi when asked to get off the plane that route from Jakarta to Geneva. EA’s management wrote via its representative, delivered via electronic mail to Kompas.com. According to EA, passenger safety and comfort is very important and EA takes case seriously. Additionally, EA’s management acknowledge that the airline company did not follow specific procedures for wheelchair users. Therefore, EA has conducted an internal investigation thoroughly and they take appropriate action to improve the next steps and avoid the occurrence of the same thing in the future. Previously reported Mrs Dwi derived from the plane and was not allowed to participate in airline flights EA at Soekarno-Hatta International Airport, in fact she intends to fly to Genewa, Switzerland, to attend the CRPWD at the office of the UN. According to her husband, Mrs Dwi was deplaned by EA and there is discrimination against his wife as a disabled person. In this connection, when Mrs Dwi being on the plane, the crew chief approach her and asked if Mrs Dwi could evacuate if the plane took the incident, Mrs Dwi said that she need help for evacuation. According to the cabin crew, Mrs Dwi have to get off the plane because there is no companion.4 In this connection, Mrs Dwi who has bought tickets back and for Jakarta-Switzerland was suddenly forced off the plane because she was a (PWD). She is a wheelchair user and unable to walk. Mr Dwi was forced down before EA plane took off form Soekarno-Hatta International Airport on 5 April 2016, for that reason, she 1 Christine K., Lecturer of Law Faculty, the University of Tarumanagara 2 Student, Graduate Study, Law Faculty of Tarumanagara University. 3 Prof.Dr.H.K.Martono, S.H.(Indonesian University),LL.M (Mc Gill), PhD (Diponegoro University) Previously served as the chief of the legal division of the Directorate General of Civil Aviation, at Indonesia’s Ministry of Communications. He has written extensively about aviation law and regulations in Indonesia and was the parliamentary resource person for when Indonesia was drafting the Civil Aviation Act of 2009.Prof.Dr.H.K.Martono serves as lecturer at the University of Tarumanagara and the Islamic University of Jakarta (UID). 4 .Aprillia Ika. Kompas.com www.ijhssi.org 50 | Page Laws and Regulations: Air Transportation of Persons with Disabilities (PWD) And Others in .. sued IDR 678 million for the forced lowering of passengers with disabilities.5 This article purported to explore the laws and regulation on air transportation of PWD in Indonesia. II. Research Method This research is library research uses the normative juridical type with normative legal research methods, including reviewing and analyzing the legal material and legal issues related to air transportation of PWD in Indonesia. In this research, the result will be achieved in the form of prescriptions about what have to be done to resolve the issue. The sources of legal materials used in this research consist of 1st, 2nd and 3rd law material. The 1st law materials which are authoritative legal materials, meaning that such legal materials have the authority, namely legislation, official records. Such legislations used as the 1st legal materials are Act No.13 Year 1998,6 Act No.39 Year 1999,7 Government Regulation No.43Year 2004,8 Presidential Decree No.52 Year 2004,9 Presidential Decree No.93 Year 2005,10 ICAO Doc.7300/6,11 ICAO Doc.9984 Year 200312, the constitutional of the Republic of Indonesia of 1945, Act Concerning Civil Aviation No.1 Year 2009,13 including its implementation regulations, whilst the 2nd law materials are over all publications regarding the law and regulation which are not official documents but related to the subject matter. Such publication concerning the laws and regulations includes text books, theses, journals, law dissertation. The 3rd law materials used in the research are legal dictionaries, comments on the court decision, also the opinions of legal experts published via journals, magazines or others. III. Discussion And The Result Chapter One Legal Ground of PWD Chapter one consist of charter of the United Nations (UN), Act No. 13 Year 1998, Act No. 39 Year 1999, high light of Act No. 39 Year 1999, PWD related to Chicago Convention of 1944, PWD provided in the ICAO Doc.9984, legal ground of PWD in the Civil Aviation Act of 2009 as follows: 1. Charter of the United Nations Charter of the United Nations (CUN) consist of 111 Articles and 19 Chapters such as Chapter 1 purpose and principles; Chapter 2 membership; Chapter 3 Organs; Chapter 4 the general assembly; Chapter 5 the security Council; Chapter 6 Pacific Settlement of Disputes; Chapter 7 Action with Respect to Threats to the Peace, Breaches of the Peace, and Acts of Aggression; Chapter 8 Regional Arrangement; Chapter 9 International Economic and Social Cooperation; Chapter 10 the Economic and Social Council (ECOSOC); Chapter 11 Declaration Regarding Non-Self-Governing Territories; Chapter 12 International Trusteeship System; Chapter 13 the Trusteeship Council; Chapter 14 the International Court of Justice; Chapter 15 the Secretariat; Chapter 16 Miscellaneous Provisions; Chapter 17 Transitional Security Arrangements; Chapter 18 Amendments; Chapter 19 Ratification and Signature. With regards discrimination treatment provides in Article 1 paragraph (3) which provides that “ …. to achieve international cooperation in solving international problems of an economic, social, cultural, or humanitarian character, and in promoting and encouraging respect for human rights and for fundamental freedoms for all without distinction as to race, sex, languages, or religion and ….”(emphasize added). 5. Liputan6.com 6 Act Concerning Welfare of Older Persons, Act No.13 Year 1998 7 Act Concerning Human Rights, Act No.39 Year 1999. 8 Government Regulation Concerning the Implementation of Measures to Improve the Welfare of Older Person, Government Regulation No.43 Year 2004 9 Presidential Decree Concerning the Establishment of the National Commission on Ageing. Pres. Dec. No.53Year 2004 10 Presidential Decree Concerning the Membership on the National Commission on Ageing, Pres. Dec. No.93 Year 2005 11 ICAO Doc.7300/6 Convention on International Civil Aviation, signed at Chicago on 7 December 1944 12 ICAO Doc.9984., Concerning Manual on Access to Air Transport by Persons with Disabilities 13 Act Concerning Civil Aviation, Act No.1 Year 2009, State Gazette of the Republic of Indonesia No.1 Year 2009, Supplement State Gazette of the Republic of Indonesia No.4956 www.ijhssi.org 51 | Page Laws and Regulations: Air Transportation of Persons with Disabilities (PWD) And Others in .. According to the UN, there are more than one billion people worldwide living with a disability. In Asia Pacific region has one of the world’s highest proportions of PWD, the United Nations ECOSOC estimated at 400 million for Asia and the Pacific. In this connection, the Government of the Republic of Indonesia (the ROI) and its National Parliament (NP) ratified CRPWD. The ratification signifies a landmark step forward to improving the welfare and human rights of PWD. Indonesia now the 107th country out of 153 signatories to the CRPWD. Indonesia’s ratification of the CRPWD represented a new dawn for national law reform, especially on fulfilling the rights of PWD. There were three important things the public should understand regarding the passing of the CRPWD into law, namely there should be a legal certainty to safeguard the rights of PWD as regulated in the law, 2nd there should be planning on all aspects, from human resources to facilitate to budget allocation to implement the laws and lastly, a preparedness of all stakeholders to implement the law.
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