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By Marion P. Blackburn AFTER NEARLY 300 YEARS ON THE OCEAN FLOOR, ARTIFACTS FROM AN 18TH-CENTURY SHIPWRECK, THOUGHT TO BE THE PIRATE BLACKBEARD’S FLAGSHIP, RESIDE WITH PIRATES OF ANOTHER KIND AT EAST CAROLINA UNIVERSITY. AS RESEARCHERS CONTINUE TO BRING UP THE SHIP’S TREASURES, PIRATE LEGENDS RESURFACE AS WELL. Irregular clumps encrusting cannon, the artifacts could one day be displayed at the armaments, plates, glass bottles, bits of wood, national museum. He said the symposium nails and other clues from the shipwreck are showed strong evidence for this ship’s identity, submerged in tanks throughout the lab facility. which ongoing research may determine These concretions contain artifacts covered with certainty. with shells, fishing line, sand and sea junk in “I think they’re narrowing it down,” he says. a stony casing. Getting at the treasure inside “I don’t think there are many known ships it takes years. could be. It’s bigger than a coastal schooner of Each artifact fits into a web of the known the period. They are finding material that and the unknown, answering some questions can be dated from the late 17th and early and raising new ones. As these objects reveal 18th centuries.” more about themselves, they tell of the pirates, as well. The lure of their stories is hard to resist. THE JOURNEY to the SHIPWreCK “The glamour of pirates is amazing,” says BEGINS WIth TWO SEA TALES. The first Mark Wilde-Ramsing, state underwater archae- starts with then-ECU graduate student David ologist, shipwreck project director and ECU Moore ’89, who in 1982 proposed that the doctoral candidate in Coastal Resources Man- Queen Anne’s Revenge likely lay off the North agement. “People are intrigued by them. It’s a Carolina coast near Beaufort. Later at Joyner serious subject, but these were serious people. Library he struck gold when he found trial Our job is to bring truth and life to this story, transcripts of Stede Bonnet, known as “the and have a little fun at the same time.” gentleman pirate” and Blackbeard’s associate. Many institutions have supported the The forgotten ship drew little attention, shipwreck’s exploration including UNC- he says. Wilmington, Cape Fear Community College, “It was frustrating, knowing the shipwreck North Carolina Division of Marine Fisheries was out here but no one was interested in and even the U.S. Coast Guard, in addition tracking it down,” he says from his office at to the state’s Underwater Archaeology Branch, the North Carolina Maritime Museum in which has official oversight of the shipwreck. Beaufort where he is curator of nautical archae- Yet ECU’s connection is especially significant. ology and program coordinator. “So I put A painting of the Queen Anne’s Revenge by John Henry Anglin of Kinston, North Carolina. In addition to hosting the conservation lab, the research in a file folder and in the back of ECU is also home to the Maritime Studies pro- my mind, knew it was there. Sooner or later gram, one of only two graduate departments someone was going to locate it. Whoever of its kind in the nation. located it, I wanted to be associated with it.” Since the program began in 1981, ECU has Meanwhile, Philip Masters, a private diver sent divers and researchers around the world with a life-long interest in shipwrecks, was to explore great shipwrecks. If it is indeed the investigating waters off the North Carolina The plan: Scrape the boat For a time in spring 1718, the quiet fishing When the Queen Anne’s Revenge ran Queen Anne’s Revenge resting on the ocean coast near Fort Macon, hoping to find the village of Beaufort, N.C., hosted the terror of aground along with the Adventure, a compan- floor just 90 miles from campus, one of the Spanish trading ship El Salvador, which sank hulls, eat and celebrate, the high seas, a man clever enough to read and ion ship, Blackbeard abandoned them. After greatest treasures of all sits in the university’s about 1750. Masters and his private shipwreck write, and brilliant enough to create his own salvaging what was valuable to him, the pirate own backyard, under less than 25 feet of water. exploration firm, Intersal, obtained state most certainly get drunk. mythology. His name was Edward Teach (or broke up his company, and sailed away a few As the relationship between the institution permission to survey the area in 1986. Thatch or Thache), but most call him Blackbeard. days later on one of the smaller ships he and the shipwreck grows, so does academic In Masters’ initial meetings with state officials, The goal: Rest the crew, Long before Hollywood, he knew image was had commandeered. interest. In April, two faculty co-authored an Richard Lawrence, a deputy state archaeologist, everything. Why shoot a man when you could Today the spoils from what is believed to be article in the International Journal of Nautical told him about David Moore’s research on stock the ships, then head scare him to death? Blackbeard’s flagship are housed at the Queen Archaeology examining the ship’s theoretical Blackbeard and the Queen Anne’s Revenge. out to plunder. With smoking hemp braids tucked under his Anne’s Revenge Conservation Lab at East Caro- identity. A May dive raised two cannon and “Richard said, ‘There might be another ship hat and six loaded pistols strapped to his chest lina University. Since the shipwreck was discov- spring also marked the first academic sympo- out there you would be interested in’,” Masters he did just that. Many opponents surrendered ered in 1996, more than 16,000 artifacts have sium on the shipwreck when top researchers says, recalling the comment that would eventu- If a ship runs aground, at the sight of him. His vessel, the Queen been brought to the site at the university’s West assembled in Greenville for discussions of ally send him on a whole new expedition. Anne’s Revenge, carried 40 cannon that belched Research Campus. While some – like a ship’s geology, fabric, weapons, building materials, In 1996, Masters and Moore pooled infor- leave it behind: Downsize, a nightmarish brew of glass, spikes, spinning bell – have been properly cleaned, restored and anthropology and other analyses. mation. Masters brought in an experienced dumbbells and one-pound balls at anyone fool- readied for display, many others are soaking The Smithsonian Institution sent its curator Researchers have continued to excavate the shipwreck site commercial shipwreck salvager named Mike lose some loafers. ish or unlucky enough to cross its path. in sodium carbonate-filled conservation tanks of Maritime History, Paul Johnston, who said on and off since its discovery in 1996 – time, weather and Daniel to assume the role of Intersal’s director funding permitting. The latest dives were in May. Underwater – and will be for years. photos courtesy of the N.C. Dept. of Cultural Resources. 18 19 of operations at Beaufort Inlet. After transposing submersible MP3 players. the old charts onto new ones and adjusting his Whatever the uncertainties, work goes on. Pirate-Eye survey techniques to focus on the possible loca- About six percent of the site has been recovered, tion of Blackbeard’s ship, the search began. says Chris Southerly ’03, QAR project archae- Within 11 days Daniel saw, barely covered ologist and diving supervisor at the state’s Fort Years as a history detective and Black- [A]bout six Days after they left the Bar of Charles-Town, they arrived at Topsail Inlet by sand and under about 22 feet of water, the Fisher location. beard sleuth paid off with significant in North Carolina.... [T]he next Morning after they had all got safe into Topsail-Inlet, anchors, cannon, encrusted objects and other “The bottom line is that the only effective discovery for nautical archaeologist who except Thatch, the said Thatch’s Ship Queen Anne’s Revenge run a-ground off of the Bar of Topsail-Inlet, and the said Thatch sent his Quarter-Master to command this signs of an astonishing find. It was Nov. 21, 1996. management of this site is full excavation,” he began his search for the Queen Anne’s “Mike called me that day in New York,” says. “Just get everything out.” Deponent’s Sloop [Adventure] to come to his Assistance; but She run a-ground likewise Revenge as a graduate student at ECU Masters recalls. “He said, ‘I’m sitting over a ECU has a large role in helping that happen, about Gun-Shot from the said Thatch, before his said Sloop could come to their shipwreck with more than 10 cannon and he says. Assistance, and both the said Thatch’s Ship and this Deponent’s Sloop were wreck’d.... big anchors.’ You’ve found the Queen Anne’s “The fact that we now have a permanent lab David Moore’s fascination with Black- – from The Tryals of Major Stede Bonnet and Other Pirates (1719) beard, backed by years of research on the Topsail Inlet was later called Old Topsail, and is now Beaufort Inlet. Blackbeard’s Revenge, I told him. at ECU, where the artifacts can stay during The James Wimble chart of 1738 “We knew we were going to find the their treatment, is really essential,” he says. notorious outlaw, helped divers know where real name is usually given as Edward Teach, but other spellings are Thatch Queen Anne’s Revenge before the El Salvador,” “That allows us not to worry about where to look for the undersea remains believed to be the pirate’s ship, the Queen Anne’s and Thache.

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