Treasure Island
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DTHE LOSR ALAMOSE NATIONALAM BANK POPEJOYCA SCHOOLTIMETCH SERIESE TEACHINGR GUIDES Treasure Island Dreamcatchers Teaching Guides align with Presented by The Panto Company USA the Common Core State Standards and New Tuesday, March 20, 2018 Mexico State Learning Standards. Grades: 3 - 7 Grades: Standards No thief, however skillful, can rob one of knowledge, and that is why knowledge is the Addressed By best and safest treasure to acquire.” Attending the - L. FRANK BAUM, AUTHOR OF THE WIZARD OF OZ Performance ‘‘ NMCCSS SYNOPSIS ELA-Literacy.SL.2 Treasure Island is one of the most famous adventure stories in English literature and is noted for its atmosphere, characters, and action. It is one of the most frequently dramatized of all novels. Its influence is enormous on popular perceptions of pirates, New Mexico including treasure maps marked with an “X,” schooners, the Black Spot, tropical Content islands, and one-legged seamen bearing parrots on their shoulders. Standards: Fine Arts/Theatre: Content Treasure Island is a quest story. Jim Hawkins, the hero, goes on a journey to a Standards 3 & 5 strange and dangerous place in pursuit of something valuable. On the surface, it is the treasure buried on the island, but it is also the process of coming-of-age and determining one’s own moral compass. Other themes in the story include the search for a heroic role model, escapism (from poverty, one’s limitations, geography), and greed. The story, set in the mid-eighteenth century, is mainly narrated by a young boy named Jim Hawkins. An old sailor comes to stay at the seaside inn owned by Jim’s parents. When the sailor dies, Jim searches his belongings and finds a map revealing the location of an island with treasure buried on it. Jim’s friend, Mr. Trelawney, buys a ship to search for the treasure. During the voyage, Jim discovers that there are many pirates among the crew, and that they are led by Long John Silver. When the ship reaches the island, a battle begins between the pirates and Mr. Trelawney’s men. Jim befriends an old pirate who lives alone on the island and has already found the treasure. After many adventures, Jim and his friends defeat the pirates and sail back to England with the treasure. 2 Treasure Island TEACHING GUIDE DREAMCATCHERS the intention of attacking other vessels in Pirates usually did not live long, full lives, Vocabulary order to steal gold or cause trouble and tended to spend all of their riches quickly. buccaneer - a piratical adventurer of the privateer - an armed vessel sailing under sea; a person who plunders at the sea, or the commission of a sovereign power There’s no historical proof that pirates land from the sea against an enemy were ever made to walk the plank. It is thought to be a complete Hollywood coxswain - a person who steers a boat squall - a sudden, brief, windy storm used myth. by the pirates as a metaphor for making a galleon - a large, square-masted vessel commotion used for war or commerce Many pirates had wooden legs because ships were extremely dangerous merchant ship - a ship that is involved in places to work, and pirates often lost trade/commerce; a cargo ship Fun Facts for Students limbs. Jolly Roger - a pirate flag, usually Pirates believed that piercing their ears A gang of pirates from 1714 called depicting a white skull and crossbones would improve eyesight. the “Flying Gang” was the inspiration on a black field, often having a symbol to If a pirate captain thought there was a behind Jack Sparrow and Disney’s represent the particular pirate ship that chance that he would be captured, he Pirates of the Caribbean movies. flew the flag would change out of his expensive, Piracy dates back as far as ancient keel-hauled - a vicious punishment in fancy clothes. That way he could Greece, where pirates threatened the which a pirate is thrown overboard often pretend he was just a part of the trading routes and seized cargoes resulting in very serious injuries. crew, and not the leader of the piracy of grain and olive oil from Roman operation. ships. Later, the most famous and far- mariner - one whose responsibility is to reaching pirates in early Middle Ages help navigate a vessel The black “Jolly Roger” flag with a white skull and crossbones was Europe were the Vikings. maroon - to leave a person ashore on a designed to be frightening, but had a Real historical pirates didn’t say “Arrr” deserted island version with a red background instead and “Matey” as much as you think they mutiny - a rebellion, especially of sailors or of black that was even more terrifying. did! Early Hollywood movies about soldiers. The punishment for mutiny in the Red meant no mercy would be given! pirates featured an actor with a thick 18th century was hanging. Each pirate captain had his own code of accent, which caused the “R” to roll. This created a style for pirate speech, pirate – to successfully attack a ship, or conduct. Even though pirates stole to but it is not historically accurate. to make an attempt; a thief of the seas or get their treasure, stealing between shipmates was strictly forbidden oceans; one who uses violence to steal There are still pirates operating today on most ships and had harsh (by force) the property of another vessel; who attack container ships, tankers, punishments. one who sails with the expressed intention and even cruise liners in places like of robbery or plunder; an armed vessel No one has ever actually found a Somalia and the Straits of Malacca which sails without legal commission, with hidden pirate treasure map. between Singapore and Indonesia. 3 Treasure Island TEACHING GUIDE DREAMCATCHERS The Pirate’s Code of Conduct Contrary to popular images of pirates, life aboard ships was often a model of discipline and democ- racy. The following code of conduct was taken from one 18th century pirate ship and offers interesting insight into pirate affairs. 1. Every man shall obey civil command; the Captain shall have one full share and a half in all prizes; the Master, Carpenter, Boatswain, and Gunner shall have one share and quarter. 2. If any man shall offer to run away, or keep any secret from the company, he shall be marroon’d with one bottle of powder, one bottle of water, one small arm and shot. 3. If any man shall steal any thing in the company, or game, to the value of a piece of eight, he shall be marroon’d or shot. 4. If at any time we should meet another mar- rooner (that is pyrate) that man that shall sign his articles without the consent of our company, shall suffer such punishment as the Captain and company shall think fit. 5. That man that shall strike another whilst these articles are in force, shall receive Mose’s Law (that is 40 stripes lacking one) on the bare back. 6. That man that shall snap his arms, or smoke tobacco in the hold, without a cap to his pipe, or carry a candle lighted without a lanthorn, shall suffer the same punishment as in the former article. 7. That man that shall not keep his arms clean, fit for an engagement, or neglect his business, shall be cut off from his share, and suffer such other punishment as the Captain and the com- pany shall think fit. 8. If any man shall lose a joint in time of an en- gagement, he shall have 400 pieces of eight; if a limb 800. 9. If at any time you meet with a prudent woman, that man that offers to meddle with her, without her consent, shall suffer present death. 4 Treasure Island TEACHING GUIDE DREAMCATCHERS Interesting Facts About Treasure Island • Treasure Island was originally a board game for Stevenson’s stepson on a cold and rainy holiday in Scotland during the sum- mer of 1881. They drew, colored, and annotated the map of an imaginary “Treasure Island.” The map stimulated Stevenson’s imagination and he began to write a story based on it as entertainment for the rest of the family. • This was Stevenson’s first volume-length fictional narrative, and the first of his writings “for children.” • Treasure Island was written as a series with every chapter coming out weekly, and each having a title. There are 34 titles in all. • The story was amazing because of the fact that with the opening sentence of the book, Stevenson sets up the point of view, introduces the first person narrator and his subject, establishes the setting, and launches the plot. • Silver’s tavern is named “The Spyglass,” which is also the name of a hill on Treasure Island. • The acknowledgement in the story that sometimes crime does pay, and that luck is as necessary to success as courage and virtue, prompted contemporary reviews of the novel to wonder whether Treasure Island was immoral. An early reviewer pre- dicted that boys would like the book, but didn’t think it would be wholesome reading for them. 5 Treasure Island TEACHING GUIDE DREAMCATCHERS Notes on Author Robert Louis Stevenson He was… • born in Edinburgh, Scotland to a prominent family in 1850. His father was an engineer. • a fragile and sickly child suffering from severe respiratory ailments. • motivated by a love for adventure and his need for a climate that would not impact his health. This encouraged him to travel extensively throughout his life. • involved in sailing, diving, and climbing, despite his physical limitations. • enrolled at Edinburgh University at the age of 17 to study engineering with the goal of going into the family firm.