A Pirate’s Life for Me

1| Page

April 13th Kutztown University of Pennsylvania Table of Contents

Staff Introductions…………………………………………………………………………………..……....3-4

Crisis Overview………………………………………………………………………………………...... …...5

Pirate History………………………………..……………………………………………….…………....….6-10

Features of the ……………...…………………………………………….……………....….11-13

Dangers of the Sea………………………………………………………………………………….………..13-14

Character List…………………….…………………………………………………………….…...……...... 14-24

Citations/Resources………..…………………………………………………………………..…………...25-26

Disclaimers…………….…………………………………………………………...………………………...... 26-27

2| Page

Staff Introductions

Head Crisis Staff - Sarah Hlay Dear Delegates,

Hello and welcome to the “It’s A Pirate’s Life For Me” Committee! I am very excited to have all of you as a part of my committee to learn and explore the era that is the Golden Era of . My name is Sarah Hlay and I be your Crisis Director for this committee. I am a junior at Kutztown University and this is my fourth semester as a part of Kutztown Model UN. This is my second Kumunc but first time running my own crisis. I am excited for you all to be part of my first crisis and to use creative problem solving together over the course of our committee. Pirate history is something that has always fascinated me and is a topic I enjoy learning more about each day. I’m excited to share my love and knowledge of this topic within one of the best eras that have existed. I hope to learn as much from me as I will from you. At Kutztown, I am studying Art Education and although I am not part of the Political Science department does not mean that debating and creative thinking is something I’m passionate about. I joined this club for my love of public speakings and the fact that crisis is all about creative thinking and problem-solving. All these traits I can’t wait to see from all of you in committee! I’ve gone to conferences such as Princeton, McGill, UPenn, Yale, and William & Mary. I’ve very experienced in both crisis and GA committees, I’ve even brought home awards. Those committees have taught me a lot and have sculpted the way I have organized our committee. As your crisis director, I hope to give you the same experience that I’ve had at my conferences. I look forward to seeing your public speaking, problem-solving, and creative thinking throughout the conference. Don’t forget to do your research, even though this committee seems like a fantasy, it’s all passed one real people and places from the time period. If you have any concerns or questions feel free to email me at

3| Page

[email protected]. Otherwise I can’t wait to see you all and get ready for a committee of twist, turns, and adventure!

Head Chair - Dylan Adams Welcome Delegates, It is my honor to be chairing “A Pirate’s Life for Me” for this year’s Kubuntu. My name is Dylan Adams and I am a Sophomore attending Kutztown for Professional Writing with a minor in Cinema, Television, and Film. Writing has always been a passion so I look forward to all delegates clever creative problem solving as well as quick thinking in committee. Model United Nations was an unsuspected surprise in college. I would have laughed in someone’s face if they would have told me Model UN would be the club I would spend countless sleepless nights practicing and writing for. But, I know that Model United Nations has without a doubt has changed me into a better person. I have met some of my very best friends through Model UN. It has been both an honor and a challenge to travel and compete against some of the brightest students and most well-known universities this country has to offer. I hope that by reading this and being a delegate in the “A Pirate’s Life for Me” committee you share at least some shred of love for those old pirate movies you watched growing up. Sarah and I have always shared the history of pirates as interest and we hope you all share at least a spark of the very same. I wish you the very best luck for both KuMunc and “A Pirate’s Life for Me”. I cannot wait to see your work in committee and watch your pirate plans come to fruition. If there are any concern or question, you can email either Sarah Hlay with her provided email or myself, [email protected].

Thank you and best wishes.

4| Page

Crisis Overview

The year is 1715 and the Caribbean waters have calmed after the bloody conflict of Queen Anne’s War. Once deemed influential to the conflict, pirating has become outlawed, deemed a crime punishable by death. Pirates have become criminals, turned on by those who once employed them. Their presence is considered as a threat to the growing superpowers of the world.

Pirate Hunters now roam the open waters whether for glory or revenge, bounties on the heads of all pirates that they bring in. Fear of trade embargoes have created a shortage in all supplies for pirates, including safe havens. Rumors have spread that the Spanish have obtained the living embodiment of the sea goddess

Calypso and have been attempting to dominate the waters.

The ocean waters are a dangerous place filled with fantastical and mysterious powers. Legends always have a bit of truth to them. Heed the warnings you receive but also remember that you can never fully trust anyone. Off the mark islands and land masses can bring or danger, a risk you must be willing to make.

Now, pirates must choose whether to band together or risk extermination.

Will they risk to pursue their own personal gain, risking everything they have along the way? Will they band together to fight the threats that stand against them?

5| Page

Pirate History

Buccaneer history Since before the start of the European conflict over the control of the Caribbean

Isles, the British and Spanish had a mutual dislike for one another as growing powerhouses in the world. Both fought ruthlessly for land, resources, and waterways. As a power move, the British began the trend of hiring mercenaries to meddle with the Spanish at sea. These people were known as and . Most of these men were fighters or soldiers in the past making them excellent guerrilla fighters out in the open waters.

Under command of privateers such as or , the collective privateers sieged Spanish settlements and colonies, raiding towns for supplies and destroying them in the process. Most privateers had smaller ships with large sails. These boats excelled in the ability to catch up to Spanish vessels and settlements, allowing for quick hit-and-run attacks. Occasionally, privateers would get capture smaller Spanish ships in the process. By both stealing Spanish ships and taking their supplies, the British government had effectively created an ability to cripple the Spanish. This led to a strong relationship between the British and the groups of supported privateers.

Piracy had always technically been illegal, however, when hired by the British

“piracy” was allowed under the term of “privateering” though technically they were essentially one and the same. Stolen supplies from Spanish towns and ships were then legally allowed to sell in British settlements. Privateers used this to make livings, earning a profit by selling supplies and by being underemployment and protection of the British government. For most this profession became a full-time job and some were even rewarded handsomely by the British government for their work. Henry Morgan

6| Page

was knighted by the King of and later made Lieutenant of for his exceptional work as a privateer. Many began to idolize the profession of privateering soon after this, viewing it as a means of moving up in the world to a higher standard of living, just as Henry Morgan did.

Queen Anne’s War

1702 brought Queen Anne’s War. The bloody conflict raged on with England, the

League of Augsburg, Denmark, Portugal, and the Netherlands against the combined force of both France and Spain in North America, as part as the French and Indian Wars. The war was mainly for control over the American continent. Despite the war being fought over for what would later be called the United States of America, the outcome of the war greatly impacted the privateers that occupied the land and sea of the Caribbean.

The Treaty of Utrecht ended the war in 1713, following an unofficial ceasefire in

1712. While ending the war, the document also brokered peace between the Spanish and the British. This meant that the British government had no need for privateers to interrupt the Spanish. Pirateering reverted back to piracy becoming completely illegal now

7| Page

punishable by death. The British government thought that their problems had seized,

failing to consider the thousands of workers they had just put out of work.

From Priveteers to Pirates After privateering was made illegal many, if not all, privateers were put out of

business, left to survive on their own. For many, pirating was all they knew how to do to

make a living. This made finding new work very hard. Some wandered desperately looking

for odd jobs while some became beggars just survive.

Around the same time, there were rumors floating around the Caribbean of a

Spanish ship carrying tons of back to Spain. On its course, the ship had hit a reef off

the coast of . This attractive many ex-privateers, now pirates, to come to take the silver for themselves. The man that ran this operation was known as Henry Jennings.

These first pirates soon inspired several other ex-privateers to go and steal silver for themselves and return to Nassau and , two well-known locations for illegal activities. Word quickly spread of the successful to the ex-privateers inspiring many ex-pirates to continue the profession they were good at. Most returned back to sailing the seas, but this time, instead of privateers, they were pirates. This is often referred to be the spark of what is known today as, “The ”.

Pirate Code

(Rules that came from the great pirate Henry Morgan that privateers and pirates

have followed unless captains have ordered otherwise)

8| Page

I. The fund of all payments under the articles is the stock of what is gotten by the expedition, following the same law as other pirates, that is, No prey, no pay. II. Compensation is provided the Captain for the use of his ship, and the salary of the carpenter, or shipwright, who mended, careened and rigged the vessel (the latter usually about 150 pieces of eight). A sum for provisions and victuals is specified, usually 200 pieces of eight. A salary and compensation are specified for the surgeon and his medicine chest, usually 250 pieces of eight. III. A standard compensation is provided for maimed and mutilated buccaneers. "Thus they order for the loss of a right arm six hundred pieces of eight; for the loss of a left arm five hundred pieces of eight; for a right leg five hundred pieces of eight; for the left leg four hundred pieces of eight; for an eye one hundred pieces of eight; for a finger of the hand the same reward as for the eye. IV. IV. Shares of booty are provided as follows: "the Captain, or chief Commander, is allotted five or six portions to what the ordinary seamen have; the Master's Mate only two; and Officers proportionate to their employment. After whom they draw equal parts from the highest even to the lowest mariner, the boys not being omitted. For even these draw half a share, by reason that, when they happen to take a better vessel than their own, it is the duty of the boys to set fire to the ship or boat wherein they are, and then retire to the prize which they have taken." V. V. "In the prizes they take, it is severely prohibited to everyone to usurp anything, in particular to themselves. ... Yea, they make a solemn oath to each other not to abscond or conceal the least thing they find amongst the prey. If afterward anyone is found unfaithful, who has contravened the said oath, immediately he is separated and turned out of the society."

9| Page

Map of the land and sea (Above) map of current trade routes (below)

10| Page

Features of the Caribbean

Pirates Havens

Pirate haven’s were historically ports or harbors considered safe for pirates and other illegal businesses. These locations were hotspots for illegal activities. Pirates commonly used these locations to sell stolen goods while also spending the time to resupply and recruit to their crews. ’s were commonly located within non- maritime waters. This means that governments were either unwilling or unable to enforce

Maritime Law onto their owned body of water. Without the intervention of the law, illegal activity thrived in these locations. Some pirate havens were instead hidden by coves or land-masses to avoid attention from authorities. A good pirate haven will be vital when it comes to amassing new crew-members, acquiring illegal goods and weapons, or obtaining anything else needed on your dangerous journey through Caribbean waters. If you have a need or problem, they will probably have the solution, as long as you have enough coin that is.

Tortuga

A heavily fortified pirate haven island located off the northern shore of Haiti. The island was known for being incredibly safe from outside attacks. The island had a natural rocky outline creating a natural barrier against outside attacks. Due to these factors,

Tortuga became an extremely popular location for illegal activities, a hotspot for pirates, smugglers, and other criminal organizations.

11| Page

Nassau Often referred to historically as the , Nassau was a pirate fortress and town located in . Originally built in 1697, the location was governed by privateers turned pirates held and governed democratically by the informal yet still widely respected pirate, “Code of Conduct”. Nassia was renowned for being heavily fortified and became a popular location for pirates due to bordering well-used trade routes to the West.

New Providence The island New Providence, the capital, located in the British Bahamas. New Providence was extremely corrupt. Despite being under the control of the British, local leaders and governors were extremely corrupt, accepting bribes to turn a blind eye to pirate activity. Though not as safe or secure as pirate strongholds such as Tortuga or Nassau, New Providence should not be overlooked. As long as you are discreet, New Providence has the means benefit any pirate who needs a favor, as long as they don’t draw too many prying eyes.

The Spanish

The Spanish litter the Caribbean, strongholds, and ships armed to the teeth with

enough firepower to pose a threat to even the mightiest of pirate fleets. Spanish vessels

patrol around these strongholds while also working together with merchant's vessels to

help protect return for compensation in form of gold and goods. The Spanish that roams

the Caribbean do so with a malicious hatred for pirates of all kind, treating them with

malice. Expect no welcome arms from a Spaniard. For the Spanish, pirates are no more

than criminals that roam the sea. You will more likely be put to the gallows long before you

have any chance to reason with them.

12| Page

Your Pirate Crew

It is key to remember that the lifeblood of any pirate is his crew. Keeping morale high and happy is vital in maintaining prosperity on a ship. Pirates were known for being remarkably democratic, meaning that Captain themselves could be replaced through at any time. Keeping the crew well paid, well fed, and alive is the best method in keeping moral high. You might have to make tough decisions, but be wary that your crew’s fate is directly tied to your own as well.

Your Ship

For a pirate, his ship is no less important than an arm or a leg. Pirate ships varied in shape and size depending on what they excelled at. Smaller ships lacked firepower but were often much faster and harder to hit. On the other hand, larger ships often were easy targets for vessels however they often had a large array of cannons and crew allowing them to be incredibly deadly when engaging other vessels. Your seafaring vessels will be put to the test. Keep your vessels well kept and in the best of shape in order to have the best chances for success.

Dangers of the Sea

Myths and Legends The ocean is a mysterious place filled with sights some men can only imagine exist. Sailors spread stories and tales of the strange creatures they encounter and the fantastical places they have been to. Of course, they are just stories. That’s the safest option, to regard the legends of sea serpents and sirens as myth. It makes the crew members of a ship sleep better, knowing that nothing lurks beneath their ship in the cold darkness below. You are

13| Page

free to think of these stories as myth. Just remember, all legends have some truth to them. It might be the only thing between a ship on the water, and one at the bottom of the sea.

Pirate Hunters In the wake of the privateers turning pirates, pirate hunters became a rising mean to combat the growing surge in illegal pirate activity. These pirate hunters had one job, eradicate any sailor that fell under the definition of a pirate. Famous ones such as Woodes Rodgers rumored to have taken control of a ship off the coast of rumored to be sailing back to the Caribbean. In many descriptions, pirate hunters were often rumored to be more brutal than the actual pirates they hunted. Pirate hunters do not play by the rules like other military groups. Tactical, brutal and clever, pirate hunters should not be taken lightly. Treat them as the threat they are, or you may just find your ship at the depths of the ocean.

Character List

1. Edward Teach

Edward Teach, more famously referred to as was an English pirate that grew to power after Queen Anne’s War. Little is actually known about Edward Teach before his rise to piracy but the current legacy he has is quite fearsome. Teach commands a medium sized ship and has a loyal and experienced crew. Teach is also well armed and knows how to fight a good battle. However much of this infamy throughout the pirating world has made his power get checked from various hunter and the Royal, as well as the

Spanish which pursued him. It is important for Teach to stay vigil and logical when making decisions.

14| Page

2.

John Rackham, more commonly referred to as “Calico Jack” was an English pirate who came to power near the end of the golden age of pirates. Calico Jack focused most of his efforts on seizing small ships off the coast of islands. His most notable capture was the ship known as the Kingston. However, this ship was incredibly important to merchants and forced Calico Jack and his crew to abandon it and go into hiding on the island of Cuba. He and his crew have now commandeered a small boat and are determined to rise to glory.

3.

Anne Bonny was an Irish born pirate that operated closely with known as

Calico Jack. One of the most famous female pirates of all time her name garners respect and fear. Excellent in the use of disguise she tricked many by portraying herself as a man as she is quite good at manipulation and trickery. Anne Bonny now separated from Calico Jack seeks to bring herself and her crew to glory. She is eager to take her crew and boat and plunder the seas for wealth. Well respected by her former crew she most likely not have an issue maintaining loyalty within them.

4.

Bartholomew Roberts was also known as Black Bart is considered to be one of the most successful pirates in history. Commanding a medium-sized boat and possessing exceptional navigation skills he is exceptionally fit to plunder and kill. Well respected among his crew they are loyal and willing to do what needs to be done, as long as they are taken care of. However, after a large battle with the British navy near the island of

15| Page

Dominica he has lost ¾ of his ships and crew. His remaining boat, heavily damaged but still seaworthy will continue to advance his pirating journey. Roberts also has a close relationship with fellow pirate .

(Robert’s Continued) Robert’s crew’s : I. Every man has a vote in affairs of moment; has equal title to the fresh provisions, or strong liquors, at any time seized, and may use them at pleasure, unless a scarcity (not an uncommon thing among them) makes it necessary, for the good of all, to vote a retrenchment.

II. Every man to be called fairly in turn, by list, on board of prizes because, (over and above their proper share) they were on these occasions allowed a shift of clothes: but if they defrauded the company to the value of a dollar in plate, jewels, or money, was their punishment. If the robbery was only betwixt one another, they contented themselves with slitting the ears and nose of him that was guilty, and set him on shore, not in an uninhabited place, but somewhere, where he was sure to encounter hardships.

III. No person to game at cards or dice for money. IV. The lights and candles to be put out at eight o'clock at night: if any of the crew, after that hour still remained inclined for drinking, they were to do it on the open deck.

V. To keep their piece, pistols, and clean and fit for service. VI. No boy or woman to be allowed amongst them. If any man were to be found seducing any of the latter sex, and carried her to sea, disguised, he was to suffer death; (so that when any fell into their hands, as it chanced in the Onslow, they put a sentinel immediately over her to prevent ill consequences from so dangerous an instrument of division and quarrel; but then here lies the roguery; they contend who shall be sentinel, which happens generally to one of the greatest bullies, who, to secure the lady's virtue, will let none lie with her but himself.)

VII. To desert the ship or their quarters in battle was punished with death or marooning. VIII. No striking one another on board, but every man's quarrels to be ended on shore, at sword and pistol. (The of the ship, when the parties will not come to any reconciliation, accompanies them on shore with what assistance he thinks proper, and turns the disputant back to back, at so many paces distance; at the word of command, they turn and fire immediately (or else the piece is knocked out of their hands). If both miss, they come to their , and then he is declared the victor who draws the first blood.)

IX. No man to talk of breaking up their way of living, till each had shared one thousand pounds. If in order to this, any man should lose a limb, or become a cripple in their service, he was to have eight hundred dollars, out of the public stock, and for lesser hurts, proportionately.

X. The Captain and Quartermaster to receive two shares of a prize: the master, boatswain, and gunner, one share and a half, and other officers one and quarter.

XI. The musicians to have rest on the Sabbath Day, but the other six days and nights, none without special favour.

16| Page

5.

Samuel Bellamy also was known as Black Sam was an English pirate who is known for his short but extremely successful time as a pirate. The wealthiest pirate in recorded history Black Sam has an excellent ability to coordinate ship hijackings and battles. Sam is known for his kind nature to captured combatants and many have a great amount of respect for him. Captives have been known to join his crew as they were treated better as prisoners than by their commanders of other pirates or the Spanish/English navy. Samuel commands a small ship that is lightly armed but has an experienced and determined crew. -

Wikipedia

6.

Charles Vane was an English pirate that grew up on the island of Jamaica. Mostly preying on French and English ships he has stayed below the radar of the .

Vane was known for his cruelty against his captives through beating and torture. Vanes reputation has many people fearful of him, but also many who wish to seek revenge for his actions against their fellow crew mates. He has a small but loyal crew at his disposal as well as a small ship. He seeks to increase his power and wealth.

7.

Stede Bonnet also known as “the Gentleman pirate” was born on the island of

Barbados and had a wealthy family. He sprawled the eastern coast of the United States capturing ships and looting villages on land. However, due to pressure from the British

Empire, he withdrew from that area and now sails the sea of the Caribbean. Known fondly by many people and his crew he commands a medium-sized ship with a loyal crew,

17| Page

however with only a few weapons at his disposal, obtaining more protection is one of his

top priorities..

8. Howell Davis

Howell Davis also known simply as “Davies” was a Welsh pirate that prowled the

Caribbean sea. A short rise to the power granted him with an experienced crew and a small

fast and effective boat. He is known for his swiftness when capturing ships as well as good

relations with other pirates, the most notable being the famous and powerful Bartholomew

Roberts. This has given him more experience and a powerful reputation throughout the

seas. Davies has an excellent ability to deceive otherwise more powerful ships, which had it

not been for his trickery would have annihilated his ship, crew and himself. However, it is

important to remember that tactics like this need to be carefully planned to avoid failure

and capture.

9. -

Edward England was also known more simply as “ned” was an English born pirate.

He was a successful captain and had many loyal men within the ships he had. However, he

experienced a mutiny and was marooned off the coast of Brazil with a handful of the crew still loyal to him. This left Edward with a determination and hate for many pirates as he sees many as traitors. While exploring the coastline he had met a small group of men that shared his beliefs in pirates and the act of piracy. The now loyal crew and ned have a small boat at their disposal and will take their hate of piracy to the sea.

10. Henry Jennings

18| Page

Henry Jennings was an English pirate that was born on the island of . Not

very well known throughout the Caribbean this comes with pros and cons. Because he does

not have much of a reputation he does not have much respect within the pirating world and

therefore will have to work toward obtaining a strong and respectable crew. However, his

low key perception means that he is generally under the radar of the English and Spanish

, therefore greatly increasing his chances of successful actions early on. Henry works

with 3 veterans of the English navy who have a great distaste for their actions. Along with a

small boat and these 3 men he hopes to gain influence and power very soon.

11. John Mortel

John Mortel was an English born pirate whom many know him by a common name

known as James. He has a good relationship with his crew and has a good ability to board

and capture ships. However due to his frequent interactions with the Mortel is

highly sought after and has had large powerful ships sent after him, most notably the HMS

Scarborough. Working to evade the British is at utmost importance to his survivability and

success in the pirateering world. Mortel controls a small crew along with a small ship he

has yet to name. They are working on establishing themselves in the sea and avoiding any

unnecessary interactions with the British.

12.

William Lewis was an English pirate that was active throughout the Caribbean and eastern coast. Lewis is known for sparring his victims and in turn, gained respect for these actions. Throughout his pirateering career, he explored vast areas of coasts giving him

19| Page

through knowledge of geography and geological aspects of different islands giving him an

edge on his operations on land. Lewis commands a smaller ship with an equally small crew.

They are lightly armed but have much experience in battle and are quite loyal. Lewis uses

this ability to carry out fast and deadly attacks, but Lewis prefers a clean and quiet way to

it.

13.

Richard Worley was an English pirate that was active along the eastern coast and the Caribbean. He is known as being one of the earliest pirates to sail the famous skull and bones flag, which makes his presence quite formidable. However because of this, he is hunted actively by the British navy, it is imperative that Worley and his crew take actions to avoid a lot of attention as a battle with a heavily armed British navy ship will not end well. Worley commands a small ship and a small but experienced and hardened crew that have respect for him. However, respect is only given when respect is received.

14.

Mary Read was an English pirate who is widely accepted as one of the most famous

female pirates in history. Read is known for her robustness and effectiveness in battle. She

is a close friend with the other pirate known as Anne Bonny. This makes her have a

significant amount of influence with her counterpart and is likely to work together with

her. Read is in a constant cat and mouse game with the Royal Navy so it is wise to try to

stay low while gathering a crew and ships, otherwise, the royal navy may put a stop to her

20| Page

plans altogether. Read commands and medium-sized ship, but she does not have the amount of crew to properly sail for lengthy trips. One of her main goals is to recruit new sailors into her fold.

15.

Hornigold was an English pirate that primarily operated within the .

Hornigold is known for his leadership in piracy but also his close connection to the Royal

Navy. Hornigold has become a renowned pirate hunter, but that does not stop him from

returning to the pirateering life he had led once before. Hornigold is experienced with

weaponry and commanding a crew. He also maintains his relationship with the Royal Navy

as low key as to not draw unwanted attention from other pirates. Although he does see

power and respectability coming to him by continuing this relationship with the navy.

Benjamin commands a medium sized retired naval ship from the British and commands a

crew large enough to properly sail this ship. However, armed with only a few cannons and

strapped on cash and supplies. He needs to make the decision to be a pirate or hunt them.

16. Jonathan Jones

Jones was a Welsh pirate that primarily operated along the eastern coast of North

America. One of his best abilities is the ability to navigate in rough seas, which led to his

surprise capture of a small English merchant ship known as the S.S Liverpool. He outfitted

the Liverpool with a small number of guns and has a small and loyal crew. But beware,

because of his actions against the Royal Navy he is now a target among the eastern seacoast

which has made him migrate his way down to the Caribbean where he will now operate.

21| Page

17. Anotone Black

Anotone Black is a Scottish pirate that operates mainly in the southern Caribbean.

Black, whose original journey into piracy was commandeering a small Scottish trading ship that was carrying scotch, has now set his eyes are bigger prizes. With the money he had gained from selling the scotch on the black market he was able to buy himself a damaged but fixable medium sized ship and a few powerful cannons. However, this ship needs some crucial repairs done before it is to be seaworthy again and does not have the reputation to garner a large crew quickly. He will have to work with his crew of 4 to protect his ship and attract a loyal crew to advance his missions.

18. Rick “Belly Boy” James

An English pirate who operates in the Caribbean and along the South American coast. Rick gained his name from his former captain because of his ability to accurately shoot critical spots of an enemy ships belly to sink or disable the ship. This made him well liked among the crew as it was a morale boost. The captain known as Jim Benning's was quite aware of the rising popularity of Rick and actively tried to quell the resentment against him because of his harsh treatment of prisoners. Rick “Belly Boy” James led a mutiny against captain Jim Benning's and failed to kill and capture Bennings flagship the

“Digger”. However, he managed to capture a small ship and retain a small crew as well.

Lightly armed and needing supplies and heavier weapons, he and his crew now search for a larger ship and more loyal crew.

19. Jim Benning

22| Page

Jim was an Irish born pirate that operated closely alongside “Belly Boy” James.

Because of his extensive time as a captain he is well versed in handling ships and has a rudimentary but useful knowledge of the geography of the islands in the region. Bennings commands and operates the medium sized ship known as the “Digger” and is hungry for revenge against this traitorous crew”. Bennings is well armed but lacks supplies for large trips and needs a stable area in which he can collect supplies and feed his crew before they go on their expeditions.

20. Isaac “the stallion” Brown

A Welsh-born pirate best known for his effective use and modern tactics in raids.

Isaac has well deserved his name as the “stallion”. Isaac, or commonly referred to as Izzy commands a small boat and a small and well-trained crew. However due to his raids he has become a wanted man in some areas of the Caribbean and therefore needs to tread lightly when near the presence of military such as the Royal or Spanish Navy. Mostly operating within the southern Caribbean there are many islands at his disposal to plunder and gain power from. The only question is where will he begin?

23| Page

Citations Konstam, Angus. The History of Pirates. Mercury, 2005.

Konstam, Angus. Pirates. Lyons Press, 2011.

“ (720p)”, youtube video, 1:30:41, Jul 6, 2014 by Gaming Proness, https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=2PTYwxivSG0.

“1715 Caribbean Antique Map Reproduction”,

https://www.swiftmaps.com/wall-maps/1715-caribbean-west-indies-antique-map-reprodu

ction/

“Routes of Spanish Plate Fleets”, http://info.flheritage.com/galleon-trail/plateFleets.cfm

“Maritime Pirate History Website”, Wilczynski, Krzysztof. Pirates Info. 1996. http://www.piratesinfo.com/

“Pirate Code.” Wikipedia, Wikimedia Foundation, 4 Sept. 2018, en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pirate_code.

Additional Resources 1. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Blackbeard 2. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Calico_Jack 3.https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anne_Bonny 4. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bartholomew_Roberts

5. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Samuel_Bellamy

6. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Charles_Vane

7. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stede_Bonnet

8. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Howell_Davis

24| Page

9. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Edward_England

10. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Henry_Jennings

11. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_Martel_(pirate)

12. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/William_Lewis_(pirate)

13. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Richard_Worley

14. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mary_Read

15. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Benjamin_Hornigold

Disclaimers Wikipedia, though frowned upon for scholarly writing, is an amazing resource for attaining general knowledge of a subject. It is recommended that you research this topic using the wiki links provided as well as the resources and references from those links. We will not expect everyone to be experts about the time period nor the history.

Kutztown University Model United Nation Club has little tolerance in regards to bullying. If any staff member witnesses acts of bullying against other delegates in any way shape or form, it will be taken as a serious offense. This will be deemed as unacceptable and consequences will be delivered accordingly. If there are any problems in regards to bullying and or harassment, please discreetly address a note to the Dias or Chair and the situation will be dealt with by KUMUNC staff member.

We ask for all participants to respect all individuals at Kutztown University. This also applies to any individuals not staffing KUMUNC. We will judge and act accordingly if any actions are seen or heard taking place. Keep it clean. Model UN is just about fun as much as learning, however, any inappropriate behavior, both within committee or out of committee will be judged and taken into consideration with awards and possibly acted upon. We wouldn’t like to get to that point so please, we just ask for you to think before you act and speak.

25| Page

26| Page