DOCSLIB.ORG

Evaluation and Association Analysis of Cowpea Salt Tolerance Waltram Second Ravelombola University of Arkansas, Fayetteville

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
Evaluation and Association Analysis of Cowpea Salt Tolerance Waltram Second Ravelombola University of Arkansas, Fayetteville University of Arkansas, Fayetteville ScholarWorks@UARK Theses and Dissertations 5-2017 Evaluation and Association Analysis of Cowpea Salt Tolerance Waltram Second Ravelombola University of Arkansas, Fayetteville Follow this and additional works at: http://scholarworks.uark.edu/etd Part of the Agronomy and Crop Sciences Commons, Horticulture Commons, and the Plant Biology Commons Recommended Citation Ravelombola, Waltram Second, "Evaluation and Association Analysis of Cowpea Salt Tolerance" (2017). Theses and Dissertations. 1966. http://scholarworks.uark.edu/etd/1966 This Thesis is brought to you for free and open access by ScholarWorks@UARK. It has been accepted for inclusion in Theses and Dissertations by an authorized administrator of ScholarWorks@UARK. For more information, please contact [email protected], [email protected]. Evaluation and Association Analysis of Cowpea Salt Tolerance A thesis submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Science in Cell and Molecular Biology by Waltram Second Ravelombola University of Antananarivo Master of Science in Agricultural Engineering, 2013 May 2017 University of Arkansas This thesis is approved for recommendation to the Graduate Council Dr. Ainong Shi Thesis Director Dr. John Reuben Clark Dr. Pengyin Chen Committee member Committee member Dr. Vibha Srivastava Committee member Abstract Cowpea [Vigna unguiculata (L.) Walp.] (2n=2x=22) is a leguminous crop providing inexpensive protein for human consumption that can be grown worldwide. Salinity is one of the major threats to cowpea production, particularly in semi-arid regions of Africa. Salinity significantly affects seed germination and decreases pod yield in cowpea. However, little has been done to provide farmers salt-tolerant cowpea cultivars. Knowledge on the genetics of cowpea salt tolerance is very limited. This study aimed to:(1) evaluate cowpea salt tolerance at germination stage, (2) evaluate cowpea salt tolerance at seedling stage, (3) conduct an association study for cowpea salt tolerance at germination and seedling stages and to identify SNP markers associated with salt tolerance in cowpea. A total of 151 cowpea genotypes at germination stage and 203 cowpea genotypes at seedling stage were evaluated in this research. Association analysis was performed on 116 genotypes at germination stage and 155 genotypes at seedling stage. The results indicated that: (1) substantial variability in salt tolerance was found among the tested cowpea genotypes at both germination and seedling stages; (2) three SNPs, Scaffold87490_622, Scaffold87490_630, and C35017374_128 were highly associated with salt tolerance at germination stage; (3) seven SNPs Scaffold93827_270, Scaffold68489_600, Scaffold87490_633, Scaffold87490_640, Scaffold82042_3387, C35069468_1916, and Scaffold93942_1089 were found to be associated with salt tolerance at seedling stage, and (4) PI582422, 09-529, PI293584, and PI582570 were highly salt tolerant at germination stage, and PI293570, PI582812, PI582856, PI180014, PI257463, 09-175, 09-529, PI666260, I582402, and PI582340 were highly salt tolerant at seedling stage. This research will have practical applications in cowpea breeding and genetics. The salt tolerant lines could be used as parents for breeding programs and the SNP markers could be used as a tools in cowpea molecular breeding through marker-assisted selection. ©2017 by Waltram Second Ravelombola All Rights Reserved Acknowledgments I would like to thank the Fulbright Program for providing me a scholarship, which allows me to complete a Master of Science in Cell and Molecular Biology. I am also grateful to Drs. Ainong Shi and Yuejin Weng for their precious help, guidance, and full support not only for academic and research purposes, but also for social skills. I would like also to thank my committee members, Dr. John Reuben Clark, Dr. Pengyin Chen, and Dr. Vibha Srivastava for their suggestions, and academic and research support. I am also grateful to Douglas Rhoads (Head of CEMB Program) and Dr. Wayne Mackay (Head of the Horticulture Department) for letting me participate in their programs. I would like also to thank all the lab members of the Vegetable Breeding and Genetics Program of the University of Arkansas. I would like also to thank my dad, my mom, and my sister for their full support, assistance, and unconditional love. Dedication This thesis is dedicated to: My dad: Second Modeste Velombola My mom: Francine Razanamalala My sister: Francia Seconde Ravelombola Table of Contents Chapter 1. Introduction................................................................................................................ 1 Cowpea ........................................................................................................................................... 1 Effects of salinity on cowpea .......................................................................................................... 2 Major mechanisms of salt tolerance in plant .................................................................................. 3 Ion selectivity .............................................................................................................................. 3 Ion accumulation ......................................................................................................................... 4 Osmotic adjustment ..................................................................................................................... 4 Organic solutes ............................................................................................................................ 5 Growth regulation ....................................................................................................................... 5 Genetics and breeding for salt tolerance ......................................................................................... 5 Molecular breeding in plant ............................................................................................................ 6 DNA marker technology and next generation sequencing .......................................................... 6 QTL and association mapping..................................................................................................... 8 Rationale and significance ............................................................................................................ 11 References ..................................................................................................................................... 12 Chapter 2. Evaluation of Salt Tolerance at Germination Stage in Cowpea (Vigna unguiculata (L.) Walp)................................................................................................................ 18 Abstract ......................................................................................................................................... 18 Introduction ................................................................................................................................... 19 Materials and Methods .................................................................................................................. 22 Plant Materials ........................................................................................................................... 22 Determination of optimal seed germination temperature and salt concentration ...................... 22 Germination conditions ............................................................................................................. 23 Measurements ............................................................................................................................ 23 Experimental design .................................................................................................................. 24 Data analysis ............................................................................................................................. 25 Results and Discussion ................................................................................................................. 26 Optimal concentration for the assessment of cowpea salt tolerance at germination stage ....... 26 Germination at non-salt stress and salt stress conditions .......................................................... 27 Absolute decrease and inhibition index .................................................................................... 28 Relative salt tolerance and salt tolerance index ........................................................................ 29 Analysis by geographical location ............................................................................................ 30 Broad sense heritability ............................................................................................................. 31 Correlation between the parameters .......................................................................................... 31 Cluster analysis ......................................................................................................................... 32 Conclusion .................................................................................................................................... 32 References ..................................................................................................................................... 33 Chapter 3. Evaluation of Salt tolerance at Seedling Stage
Load more

Recommended publications
  • Pacific Islands Area
    Habitat Planting for Pollinators Pacific Islands Area November 2014 The Xerces Society for Invertebrate Conservation www.xerces.org Acknowledgements This document is the result of collaboration with state and federal agencies and educational institutions. The authors would like to express their sincere gratitude for the technical assistance and time spent suggesting, advising, reviewing, and editing. In particular, we would like to thank the staff at the Hoolehua Plant Materials Center on the Hawaiian Island of Molokai, NRCS staff in Hawaii and American Samoa, and researchers and extension personnel at American Samoa Community College Land Grant (especially Mark Schmaedick). Authors Written by Jolie Goldenetz-Dollar (American Samoa Community College), Brianna Borders, Eric Lee- Mäder, and Mace Vaughan (The Xerces Society for Invertebrate Conservation), and Gregory Koob, Kawika Duvauchelle, and Glenn Sakamoto (USDA Natural Resources Conservation Service). Editing and layout Ashley Minnerath (The Xerces Society). Updated November 2014 by Sara Morris, Emily Krafft, and Anne Stine (The Xerces Society). Photographs We thank the photographers who generously allowed use of their images. Copyright of all photographs remains with the photographers. Cover main: Jolie Goldenetz-Dollar, American Samoa Community College. Cover bottom left: John Kaia, Lahaina Photography. Cover bottom right: Gregory Koob, Hawaii Natural Resources Conservation Service. Funding This technical note was funded by the U.S. Department of Agriculture (USDA) Natural Resources Conservation Service (NRCS) and produced jointly by the NRCS and The Xerces Society for Invertebrate Conservation. Additional support was provided by the National Institute for Food and Agriculture (USDA). Please contact Tony Ingersoll ([email protected]) for more information about this publication.
    [Show full text]
  • THE NATIVE COASTAL PLANTS of OIAHU, HAWAIII Raymond S. Tabata Sea Grant Marine Advisory Program University of Hawaii at Manoa Ho
    321 THE NATIVE COASTAL PLANTS OF OIAHU, HAWAIII Raymond S. Tabata Sea Grant Marine Advisory program University of Hawaii at Manoa Honolulu, Hawaii 96822 INTRODUCTION The most vulnerable elements in the coastline vegetation are the endemic strand elements, which are narrow in range ..•and the endemic elements of the native dry forests, which may have extended to the coast in the leeward areas.... (Richmond & Mueller­ Dombois 1972). The demise of the Hawaiian endemic flora has been a concern for many decades. Degener (1932 et seq.), Egler (1947), and Richmond and Mueller-Dombois (1972) h~ve documented the gradual loss of native plants on O'ahu due to the impacts of agriculture, development, and introduced plants. In recent years, with in­ creased interest in Hawaiiana, the native Hawaiian environment, and coastal zone management, there has been increasing concern for native coastal plants. This is shown by several, recent pUblications written for general audiences on this subject: Arrigoni (1977, 1978), Merlin (1977), and Tabata (1979). Also, a 20-minute slide/tape program "Ni Mea Uiu Ma Kahakai a Hawaili" was produced by Kimura and Nagata (1979). For O'ahu,particular1y, there is now new information on the status of native coastal plants: Richmond and Mue1ler-Dombois (1972) on O'ahu coastline ecosystems; Fosberg and Herbst (1975) on rare and endangered plants; Herbst (1976), ErS Corp. (1977), and Miura and Sato (1978) on the Barber's Point Deep-Draft Harbor site; Stemmermann (1977) on Hawaiian sandalwoods (Santalum spp.); Degener and Degener (1978) on the lohai (Sesbania spp.); Elliott and Hall (1978) on the Kahuku area; Char and Balakrishnan (1979) on the 'Ewa ·Plains flora; Gardner (1979) on nehe (LiEochaeta spp.); and Kimura and Nagata (19frO) on endangered coastal envi­ ronments.
    [Show full text]
  • Collection and Conservation of Leguminous Crops and Their Wild Relatives in Cambodia, 2012
    〔AREIPGR Vol. 29 : 135 ～ 159，2013〕 Original Paper Collection and Conservation of Leguminous Crops and Their Wild Relatives in Cambodia, 2012 TOMOOKA Norihiko1)・Phin PHAL2)・Seang LAY HENG2)・ Ty CHANNA2)・Ouk MAKARA2) 1) National Institute of Agrobiological Sciences, Kannondai 2-1-2, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8602, Japan 2) Cambodian Agriculture Research and Development Institute, National Road 3, Prateahlang, Dangkor, P.O Box 01, Phnom Penh, Cambodia Summary Based on a Letter of Agreement between the National Institute of Agrobiological Sciences (NIAS), Japan and the Cambodian Agriculture Research and Development Institute (CARDI), Cambodia, a field survey was conducted in Cambodia, from 12th to 24th November, 2012. As a result, 38 accessions of leguminous plants consist of Lablab purpureus (1 accession), Vigna marina (8), V. minima (10), V. radiata (3), V. umbellata (9), V. unguiculata (6) and V. vexillata (1) were recorded and seed samples were collected. All the seed materials collected were deposited at CARDI genebank, Cambodia and a subset of the collection were transferred to NIAS genebank, Japan as a safety backup using Standard Material Transfer Agreement (SMTA) of the International Treaty on Plant Genetic Resources for Food and Agriculture (ITPGRFA). These materials will be evaluated in 2013 and the multiplied seed materials will become available for research, breeding and educational purposes from the NIAS genebank (http://www.gene.affrc. go.jp/distribution_en.php?section=plant). KEY WORDS : Cambodia, Crop Wild Relatives, Legumes, Lablab, Vigna Introduction The NIAS genebank has been conducting domestic and overseas plant germplasm collections. Among them, those for collecting wild Glycine and Vigna germplasm were summarized in Appendix 1 and 2 of “Glycine Genetic Resources” in the proceedings of the 14th NIAS international workshop (Vaughan et al., 2011).
    [Show full text]
  • Mungbean.Pdf
    Short Duration Mungbean: A New Success in South Asia M.L. Chadha AVRDC – The World Vegetable Center, Regional Center for South Asia (RCSA) ICRISAT Campus, Hyderabad INDIA Asia-Pacific Association of Agricultural Research Institutions c/o FAO Regional Office for Asia and the Pacific Bangkok, Thailand For copies and further information, please write to: The Executive Secretary Asia-Pacific Association of Agricultural Research Institutions (APAARI) C/o FAO Regional Office for Asia & the Pacific (FAO RAP) Maliwan Mansion, 39 Phra Atit Road Bangkok 10200, Thailand Tel : (+66 2) 697 4371-3 Fax : (+66 2) 697 4408 E-Mail : [email protected] Website : www.apaari.org Printed in September 2010 Foreword Pulses are an important protein source for Asian people, many of whom largely depend upon cereals and pulses for their daily requirements. South Asian countries together are the world’s largest producers and consumers of pulses comprising mainly chickpea, pigeonpea and mungbean. Mungbean, being high in protein and easily digestible, constitutes a balanced diet in combination with cereals. Moreover, being one of the most short duration legumes, it has great scope of fitting in between rice- wheat cropping system in entire Indo-Gangetic plains. Unfortunately, the production of pulse crops over the past few decades has declined in almost all traditionally pulse growing countries like India, Nepal and Bangladesh. Accordingly, the need for increasing production and productivity of pulse crops, including mungbean, is being felt acutely throughout the region. AVRDC – The World Vegetable Center has played a significant role in evolving improved vegetables and mungbean germplasm in Asia. Working with national research partners in nearly two dozen Asian countries, AVRDC programs have led to the release of a large number of varieties adapted to local conditions, thus benefiting millions of farmers and consumers.
    [Show full text]
  • Beans with Benefits—The Role of Mungbean (Vigna Radiata) in a Changing Environment
    American Journal of Plant Sciences, 2018, 9, 1577-1600 http://www.scirp.org/journal/ajps ISSN Online: 2158-2750 ISSN Print: 2158-2742 Beans with Benefits—The Role of Mungbean (Vigna radiata) in a Changing Environment Lisa Pataczek1, Zahir Ahmad Zahir2, Maqshoof Ahmad3, Saima Rani4, Ramakrishnan Nair5, Roland Schafleitner6, Georg Cadisch1, Thomas Hilger1 1Institute of Agricultural Sciences in the Tropics, Agronomy in the Tropics and Subtropics (490e), University of Hohenheim, Stuttgart, Germany 2Institute of Soil and Environmental Sciences, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad, Pakistan 3University College of Agriculture and Environmental Sciences, The Islamia University of Bahawalpur, Bahawalpur, Pakistan 4Agricultural Economics Research Institute, PARC National Agricultural Research Center, Islamabad, Pakistan 5The World Vegetable Center South Asia, Hyderabad, India 6Biotechnology and Molecular Breeding, The World Vegetable Center, Taiwan How to cite this paper: Pataczek, L., Zahir, Abstract Z.A., Ahmad, M., Rani, S., Nair, R., Schaf- leitner, R., Cadisch, G. and Hilger, T. Dryland areas are experiencing low agricultural yields due to severe water (2018) Beans with Benefits—The Role of shortages and salinity, leading to food scarcity. Mungbean (Vigna radiata) is Mungbean (Vigna radiata) in a Changing gaining attention as a short-season crop that can tolerate dryland conditions, Environment. American Journal of Plant and fix atmospheric nitrogen, decreasing soil nutrient depletion. It is a source Sciences, 9, 1577-1600. https://doi.org/10.4236/ajps.2018.97115 of high-quality protein for human consumption and can serve as a multipur- pose crop, if harvest residues are used as fodder or green manure. However, Received: May 22, 2018 little of this legume’s potential has been explored.
    [Show full text]
  • Native Forest Dedication – Species List
    Plant Species List and Associated Ecological Habitat Species List for Native, Non-Native/Non-Invasive Plants and their Associated Habitats County of Hawaiʻi Real Property Tax Division Plant Species List and Associated Ecological Habitat The Species List for Native, Non-Native/Non-Invasive Plants and their Associated Habitats represents a document that was researched and written for the County of Hawaiʻi Real Property Tax Division By Sebastian A.W. Wells, Tropical Conservation Biology and Environmental Science Masters Student, University of Hawaiʻi at Hilo Editors Mr. Charles Chimera, Weed Risk Assessment Specialist, Hawaiʻi Invasive Species Council, University of Hawaiʻi at Mānoa Dr. James Friday, Extension Forester, College of Tropical Agriculture and Human Resources, University of Hawaiʻi at Mānoa Dr. Rebecca Ostertag, Professor, Department of Biology, University of Hawaiʻi at Hilo January 1, 2021, First Edition Plant Species List and Associated Ecological Habitat Acknowledgments The author would like to extend a deep and heartfelt mahalo to the following individuals and organizations for their guidance, support, and profound intellectual contributions to make this document what it is today. This publication represents countless hours of email correspondence, revisions, and virtual as well as in-person meetings that were generously provided without compensation or with the expectation of receiving anything in return. Words cannot express how grateful I am and want to take this opportunity to personally thank each and every one of you for assisting me with this process and for everything you do to help preserve our native forests. Charles Chimera of the Hawaiʻi Invasive Species Council (HISC) for your significant contributions during all phases of this project from beginning to end.
    [Show full text]
  • Understanding Inoculants
    TECHNICAL NOTE USDA-Natural Resources Conservation Service Pacific Islands Area TN - PLANT MATERIALS - 10 SEPT 2014 Understanding Inoculants Prepared by David Duvauchelle, Natural Resource Specialist, Hoolehua Plant Materials Center Hoolehua, Hawaii INTRODUCTION Nitrogen is one of the most important nutrients that plants require for healthy growth. Almost all plants depend on some outside source of nitrogen, but plants of the legume family are able to fix their own nitrogen. In other words, they are able to convert atmospheric nitrogen, which is unusable to all plants, into a form of nitrogen that plants can use. Legumes accomplished this through a symbiotic relationship with Rhizobium, bacteria that are naturally found in the soil. When Rhizobium bacteria are taken in by legumes, nodules are formed on their roots. These are, in essence, the nitrogen-fixing factories. In this mutually beneficial relationship, legumes provide a means to acquire atmospheric nitrogen and an ideal environment for Rhizobium growth, while Rhizobium bacteria convert unusable nitrogen into a form that can be utilized by the host legume plant. A common practice of producers is to apply commercial nitrogen fertilizers to increase their crop production. Over time this can become very expensive and can also degrade the quality of the soil. When a legume plant is utilized as a cover crop, the nitrogen produced can be made available to other plants. The free air we breathe contains about 80 percent atmospheric nitrogen. Legumes are able to convert this atmospheric nitrogen into 50-200 pounds of “plant- useable” nitrogen per acre. On the other hand, the amount of nitrogen produced depends on the legume species and the amount of Rhizobium bacteria in the soil.
    [Show full text]
  • (Vigna Radiata (L.) Wilczek): a Review
    Int.J.Curr.Microbiol.App.Sci (2020) 9(8): 3280-3289 International Journal of Current Microbiology and Applied Sciences ISSN: 2319-7706 Volume 9 Number 8 (2020) Journal homepage: http://www.ijcmas.com Review Article https://doi.org/10.20546/ijcmas.2020.908.375 Nutrient-Rich Beans with Benefit (Vigna radiata (L.) Wilczek): A Review Jyoti Prakash Sahoo1*, Ambika Prasad Mishra2, Deviprasad Mishra1 and Kailash Chandra Samal1 1Department of Agricultural Biotechnology, 2Department of Soil Science and Agricultural Chemistry, Odisha University of Agriculture and Technology, BBSR -751003, India *Corresponding author ABSTRACT Mung bean (Vigna radiata (L.) Wilczek), commonly known as greengram, is a significant grain legume crop cultivated across the globe and is native to India. It is the most useful pulse crop having an economic significance towards the nutritional security and K e yw or ds sustainable agriculture. As it is rich in vitamins, minerals and proteins which are easily digestible, it is an inseparable ingredient in Indian diet when supplemented with cereals Mungbean, particularly rice. It assimilates the atmospheric nitrogen with the Rhizobium bacterial Genetics, Molecular symbiotic association. It subsequently provides the requirement of nitrogen for itself and marker, QTLs, Crop the next crop in that particular land. It is a short duration crop and due to its photo and improvement thermo insensitive characteristics, it is generally used for crop diversification and crop Article Info intensification purposes. A seed of mungbean is highly nutritious for human consumption. It contains edible proteins, fats, fibers and carbohydrates. Mungbean is a tropical legume Accepted: widely cultivate in the subtropical climatic conditions across the globe.
    [Show full text]
  • Erythrina Variegata (Coral Tree) Fabaceae (Legume Family)
    Annex 914 Edward Balfour, Cyclopædia of India and of Eastern and Southern Asia (2d Supp.) (1862) Annex 915 “Trema species”, Firewood Crops: Shrub and Tree Species for Energy Production (1980) Annex 916 Jim Croft, “An Introduction to the Structure of Ferns and their Allies”, Australian National Botanic Gardens (1999), available at https://www.anbg.gov.au/fern/structure.html (accessed 31 May 2016) Home > Gardens | CANBR > ferns > Structure SEARCH An Introduction to the Structure of Ferns and their Allies Prepared by Jim Croft ([email protected]) Introduction Habit, Lifeform Stems, Rhizomes Leaves, fronds Sporophyte fertility Cytology . Life Cycle . Terrestrial . Growth form . Stipe . Sori . Chromosomes . Gametophyte . Epiphyte . Branching . Branching . Sporangia . Polyploidy . Sporophyte . Aquatic . Protection . Rachis . Spores . Internal . Lamina . Heterospory . Roots . Venation . Dimorphism . Polymorphism . Sporocarps . Bulbils Introduction The ferns and their allies share a lot of commom morphlogy with the other vascular plants and in many cases the same descriptive terminology is used. However, there are some fundamental and significant differences of structure unique to the pteridophytes and a specialized terminology has evolved to descdribe these. The most obvious difference between the pteridophytes and the remainder of the vascular plants is that the ferns and their allies do not produce large floral or reproductive structures that give rise to seeds which eventually develop into the next generation of plants. Pteridophytes reproduce and disperse by means of microscopic spores, the structure and development of which is every bit as intricate and amazing as the flowers of the higher plants. This outline covers the easily recognised features of the ferns and their alies and mentions many of the technical terms used to describe them.
    [Show full text]
  • Vigna Marina (Fabaceae) – a New Addition to the Flora of West Bengal
    International Journal of Advanced Research in Botany (IJARB) Volume 5, Issue 2, 2019, PP 45-47 ISSN No. (Online) 2455-4316 DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.20431/2455-4316.0502005 www.arcjournals.org Vigna marina (Fabaceae) – A new addition to the flora of West Bengal Bandana Bhattacharjee1, Avishek Bhattacharjee1, Kaliyamurthy Karthigeyan1*, Ajanta Dey2 1Central National Herbarium, Botanical Survey of India, A.J.C.B. I ndian Botanic Garden, Howrah – 711 103, West Bengal, India 2Nature Environment and Wildlife Society (NEWS), 10,Chowringhee Terrace, Kolkata –700 020, West Bengal, India. *Corresponding Author: Kaliyamurthy Karthigeyan, Central National Herbarium, Botanical Survey of India, A.J.C.B. Indian Botanic Garden, Howrah – 711 103, West Bengal, India. Abstract: Vigna marina (Burm.) Merr. (Fabaceae) is reported for the first time from ‘Buraburir Tot’ of Sundarbans, West Bengal constituting a new record forthe state. Keywords: ‘Buraburir Tot’, Ceratotropis, Mangrove, Sundarbans. 1. INTRODUCTION The genus Vigna Savi (Fabaceae) is represented by 104 species (Lewis & al., 2005) in the world and 23 to 25 species[under subgenus Ceratotropis (Piper) Verdc., commonly known as Asian Vigna] in India (Babu et al., 1987; Sanjappa, 1992; Aitawade et al., 2012). In West Bengal, 9 species of the genus have been reported, viz. V. aconitifolia (Jacq.) Marechal, V. adenantha (G. Mey.) Marechal & al., V. clarkei Prain, V. luteola (Jacq.) Benth., V. pilosa (Klein ex Willd.) Baker, V. radiata var. setulosa (Dalzell) Ohwi & Ohashi, V. trilobata (L.) Verdc., V. umbellata (Thunb.) Ohwi & H. Ohashi and V. vexillata (L.) A. Rich. (Bandyopadhyay, 2015). During field surveys in connection with the project “Evaluation Support for Mangrove Plantation in Sundarbans, South 24 Parganas, West Bengal” in March 2018 and January 2019, some plants belonging to the genus Vigna were found on the sand dunes of „Buraburir Tot‟ of Gobardhanpur village, Patharpratima Block of South 24 Parganas district, West Bengal.
    [Show full text]
  • View Kona's Native Hawaiian Plants
    r‘Ilima Wiliwili ‘A’ali’i ‘Ōhelo Hapu’u ‘Ōhi’a Lehua Koa Kona Soil and Water Conservation District Kona’s Native Hawaiian Plants Business Name Save Hawaii’s Native Ecosystem Hawaii’s vegetation is made up of more than 1,100 One simple way of helping our native forest is to very special species, most of which occur solely here in the propagate native plants. You can help by purchasing native islands. Many of them evolved in Hawaii from ancestors who plants and cultivating them on your property. This will in- arrived on these isolated islands millennia ago, and are found crease the chance they will survive in Hawaii for future gen- nowhere else on Earth. If these plants were to disappear, they erations to enjoy. would be gone forever, never to be seen by future generations. Another way to help the native vegetation is by re- Sadly, the extinction of many native Hawaiian species has al- ducing populations of alien species, especially ones that are ready occurred, and many other species are traveling down the killing native flora and taking over their habitats. same path. At current estimates, Hawaii’s native species This publication was written in order to promote the make up more than one third of the United State’s Endangered use of native plants for ecological restoration and landscaping, Species List. The cause of this loss is a mixture and to help landowners choose species that are suit- of many factors, mostly the invasion of alien able for their property. It includes many of the plant species and habitat destruction.
    [Show full text]
  • A Phytopharmacological Review on Vigna Species
    ISSN 0976 - 3090 (Print) 2231 - 0541 (Online) PHARMANEST A PHYTOPHARMACOLOGICAL REVIEW ON VIGNA SPECIES Gangarao Battu1, Ch.K.V.L.S.N.Anjana Male1*, T.Hari priya2, Venna Naga Malleswari2, Sk.Reeshma2 1A.U.College of pharmaceutical sciences, Andhra university, Visakhapatnam Andhra Pradesh, India. 2Narsaraopet Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences,Narsaraopet, Guntur Dist, Andhra Pradesh, India. ABSTRACT Plants are the almost exclusive source of drugs for a majority of the world’s population. Therefore, it remains a challenge for scientists to provide efficient, safe and cheap medications, especially for rural areas, with the available resources at the nearest. In the present review an attempt has been made to gather the information regarding taxanomical characters, various species, climatic conditions, various folklore usages, and some of phytochemical, pharmacological, antimicrobial studies conducted so far on these vigna genus plants which belongs to leguminosae family. This review reveals that legumes can be used as antioxidant in treating various ailments like liver diseases, cancer, diabetes, kidney disorders and for curing various microbial infections. These legumes acts as good nutritive as well as cures various ailments hence these legumes comes under nutraceuticals. With this review we conclude that there is a need of conducting further studies for isolation of individual constituents, to find our their pharmacognostic characters, and going for different formulations and screening of various activities on these genus plants Key words: vigna species, vigna mung, vigna radiate, phytochemical work INTRODUCTION and sometimes still, especially in non-scholarly Man and Animals depend on the plants for their very sources — included in the genus Phaseolus. Common existence.
    [Show full text]