DOCSLIB.ORG

View Kona's Native Hawaiian Plants

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
View Kona's Native Hawaiian Plants r‘Ilima Wiliwili ‘A’ali’i ‘Ōhelo Hapu’u ‘Ōhi’a Lehua Koa Kona Soil and Water Conservation District Kona’s Native Hawaiian Plants Business Name Save Hawaii’s Native Ecosystem Hawaii’s vegetation is made up of more than 1,100 One simple way of helping our native forest is to very special species, most of which occur solely here in the propagate native plants. You can help by purchasing native islands. Many of them evolved in Hawaii from ancestors who plants and cultivating them on your property. This will in- arrived on these isolated islands millennia ago, and are found crease the chance they will survive in Hawaii for future gen- nowhere else on Earth. If these plants were to disappear, they erations to enjoy. would be gone forever, never to be seen by future generations. Another way to help the native vegetation is by re- Sadly, the extinction of many native Hawaiian species has al- ducing populations of alien species, especially ones that are ready occurred, and many other species are traveling down the killing native flora and taking over their habitats. same path. At current estimates, Hawaii’s native species This publication was written in order to promote the make up more than one third of the United State’s Endangered use of native plants for ecological restoration and landscaping, Species List. The cause of this loss is a mixture and to help landowners choose species that are suit- of many factors, mostly the invasion of alien able for their property. It includes many of the plant species and habitat destruction. species that occur naturally in North and South Throughout history many things have Kona. Some of these plants can be purchased at been altered in Hawaii’s landscape. The arrival retail nurseries, and some may already be growing of humans, starting with the Polynesians, created on your property. problems for many native species. When hu- The climate zone maps on the next two mans arrived, they brought with them the com- pages can help you determine which native plant forts of home. This included plants and animals species are suitable for your location. To some ex- they were accustomed to in their homeland. tent, different soils found within a given climate People introduced pigs, goats, cattle, agricultural zone will support similar plant species. However, crops, trees, and other seemingly harmless alien properties located on very young lava flows with life forms. Other alien species were introduced very thin organic soils are suitable for growing only accidentally. a sparse cover of a few species. More information Feral pigs damage many acres of native Help save Kona’s native about correlating native species with specific soil forest. They plow the native understory, killing plants types will be available soon from NRCS. many of the plants. Also, they cause extensive To use the map, locate your property and damage to hapu’u (native tree ferns). Pigs knock down tree determine the number of the zone in which it is located. The ferns and eat the starchy inner core. Clearings created by pigs plants shown in the brochure are numbered as to their suitable promote the growth of weeds and leave soil susceptible to ero- habitats. sion. Threatened and endangered species can be bought Rats feed on seeds of many native plants, preventing and planted in yards for landscaping. However, commercially the plants from reproducing. Alien insects bore into twigs and -bought specimens are not to be used in large-scale restoration eat native seeds. Weeds are a major problem in the islands. projects without a permit. Many introduced trees, shrubs, grass, vines, and ferns are very competitive against native species. Some grasses and ferns promote wildfires that can wipe out a native forest in hours. USDA-NRCS Zone Map Zone Description Symbol Arid A very hot, dry zone found along part of the Kona coast. Plants must tolerate drought and salt spray. 1 Mostly shrubs, grasses, and vines. Dry Hot and dry. Shrubs, grasses, vines, and widely- 2 spaced small trees live here. Moderately Dry Hot and dry, but able to support many shrubs, 3 grasses, vines, and a fairly dense stand of small to medium size trees. Seasonal Mesic “Mesic” means a moderately moist climate. This 4 zone is warm and dry, but moist for part of the year. Many trees, shrubs, grasses, vines, and herbs thrive in this zone. Moist Mesic This zone supports a mix of plants that live in moist 5 and dry environments. It can support a dense and very diverse forest with fairly tall trees. Wet The rain forest zone, with very large trees, dense 6 tree ferns, and many different species. Moist Mesic Transition from rain forest to high elevation drier 7 forest. Koa trees become more common, while tree ferns are smaller and less numerous. Seasonal Mesic A fairly dry environment that can support large koa 8 and ohia trees, along with sandalwood and mamane. Moderately Dry Dry and cool, with medium sized koa, mamane, 9 sandalwood, and shrubs. Dry Very dry and cool, with small mamane, shrubs, and grasses. 10 Arid Very dry and cold. Plants must be able to withstand 11 winter drought and frost. Vegetation is short and very sparse. Anaeho’omalu North Kona 10 2 1 Kaupulehu 1 2 2 1 2 3 5 7 8 Keahole Kaloko Hualalai 10 1 2 3 5 6 Honokohau 4 Kailua-Kona Holualoa 10 9 7 8 Keauhou 5 6 10 9 Kainaliu 4 7 6 3 8 11 Kealakekua Bay 9 10 6 7 5 4 5 3 9 3 6 10 11 Kealakekua South Kona Kealakekua Bay Captain Cook 10 Mauna Loa 7 9 4 8 3 Honaunau 5 6 3 11 Ho’okena 6 7 10 Kona Paradise 8 3 6 2 9 7 8 5 Papa 4 7 2 Miloli’i 5 1 3 2 4 Ocean View 1 ~ Plant Kona’s Native Beauties~ Indigenous/Endemic to Hawaii Indigenous: Native (arrived in Hawaii without human intervention) species that occur in Hawaii Aa and other places. PICTURE of PLANT Endemic: Native (arrived in Hawaii without human intervention) species that are unique to Ha- Aa waii. Common Name Endangered: Species that are very few in number and at risk of becoming extinct. Scientific Name Climate Zone(s) Shrubs `Ākia `Ākala `A`ali`i Wikstromia sandwicensis Rubus hawaiensis Dodonaea viscosa ‘Aheahea Wikstromia pulcherrima Chenopodium oahuense 6,7,8 3,4,5 1,2,3,4,5, 8,9 2,3 Āulu Clermontia Papala kepau Clermontia clermontioides Na`ena`e Pisonia sandwicensis Clermontia hawaiiensis ‘Ohai Pisonia brunoniana Clermontia parviflora Dubautia ciliolata Sesbania tomentosa 5,7 Clermontia montis-loa Dubautia scabra 1,2 5,6,7 8,9,10 `Iliahialo`e, Coast sandalwood `Ilihia `Ilima ‘Ilie’e Santalum ellipticum Cyrtandra platyphylla Sida fallax Plumbago zeylanica 1,2,3 5,6 2,3 1,2,3,4 Kanawao Kōlea lau li`i` Kolokolo kahakai Kolomona Broussaisia arguta Myrsine sandwicensis Senna gaudichaudii Vitex rotundifolia 6 5,6,7 1,2 2,3,4 Kulu’I Ko’oko’olau Ko’oloa’ula Kukaenene Nototrichium sandwicense Bidens menziesii Abutilon menziesii Coprosma ernodeoides 2,3,4 8,9 2,3 9,10 Mint (native) Naupaka kahakai Maiapilo Ma`o hau hele Stenogyne microphylla Scaevola sericea Capparis sandwichiana Hibiscus brackenridgei 1,2,3 4,5 8,9 1,2,3 ‘Ōhelo ‘Ōhelo Pilo ‘Ulei Osteomeles anthyllidifolia Vaccinium calycinum Vaccinium reticulatum Coprosma montana 2,3,9,10 5,6,7 7,8,9,10 7,8,9 Trees A’e ‘Akoko ‘Āla’a Sapindus saponaria Chamaesyce olowaluana Pouteria sandwicensis 4,5 9,10 3,4,5 Hame Alahe’e Hala Hala pepe Antidesma platyphyllum Pandanus tectorius Psydrax odoratum Pleomele hawaiiensis Antidesma pulvinatum 1,2,3,4 3,4,5 3,4 5,6,7 Hau kuahiwi `Iliahi, Sandalwood Kauila, Kauwila, O’a Hō`awa Hibiscadelphus hualalaiensis Santalum paniculatum Alphitonia ponderosa Pittosporum hosmeri 3,4 4,5 4,5,7,8,9 4,5 Kauila, Kauwila Kāwa`u, `Aiwa Keahi Koa Colubrina oppositifolia Ilex anomala Nesoluma polynesicum Acacia koa 2,3,4 6,7 4,5 6,7,8,9 Kōlea lau li’i Kopiko Myrsine lanaiensis Koki`o Koki`o Psychotria hawaiiensis Myrsine lessertiana Hibiscus kokio Kokia drynarioides Psychotria mauiensis 4,5,6,7,9 3,4,5 4 4,5,6,7 Kolokolo mokihana Loulu, Fan palm Lama Melicope clusiifolia Pritchardia affinis Melicope hawaiiensis Kou Diospyros sandwicensis Cordia subcordata Pritchardia schattaueri 4,5,6 2,3,4,5 1, 2, 3, 4, 2 Manono Māmani Māmaki Maua, A‘e Kadua axillaris Sophora chrysophylla Pipturus albidus Xylosma hawaiiense Kadua affinis 2,3,4,7,8,9,10 5,6,7 4, 5, 6, 7, 8 3,4 Naio ‘Ohe ‘Ohe ‘Ōhi‘a lehua Myoporum sandwicense Reynoldsia sandwicensis Tetraplasandra hawaiensis Metrosideros polymorpha 3,4,5,8,9 3,4 4,5,6 3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10 Uhiuhi Olomea Olopua Wiliwili Caesalpinia kavaiensis Erythrina sandwicensis Perrottetia sandwicensis Nestegis sandwicensis 2,3 6,7 3,4,5 3,4,5 Herbs `Ala`ala wai nui Ko`oko`olau Pua kala Peperomia spp. Bidens micrantha Argemone glauca 4,5,6,7 1,2,3 4,8 Wood rush `Ala`ala wai nui Kaluaha, Pua‘akuhinia Luzula hawaiiensis Plectranthus parviflorus ‘Uki’uki Astelia menziesiana Dianella sandwicensis 7,8,9 2,3 6,7 5,6,7,8,9 Vines and Climbers Hoi kuahiwi Huehue `Ie`ie Kā`e`e Smilax melastomifolia Cocculus orbiculatus Freycinetia arborea Mucuna gigantean 6 1,2,3,4,5 5,6,7 2,3 Kākalaioa Maile Mohihihi Pā‘ūohi`iaka Caesalpinia bonduc Alyxia oliviformis Vigna marina Jacquemontia ovalifolia 4,5 5,6,7 1,2,3 1,2,3 Ferns Hapu`u, Hawaiian tree fern Cibotium chamissoi Asplenium Diplazium Cibotium glaucum Cibotium menziesii Asplenium spp.
Load more

Recommended publications
  • Handbook Publication.Pub
    Table of Contents Maui County’s Landscape and Gardening Handbook Xeriscaping in Maui County ................................................................. 1 Planning and Design................................................................................................................. 1 Hydro-zones.............................................................................................................................. 1 Plant Selection and the Maui jkCounty Planting Zones............................................................ 2 Soil Preparation ........................................................................................................................ 4 Mulching.................................................................................................................................... 5 Irrigation .................................................................................................................................... 5 Maintenance ............................................................................................................................. 7 Other Interesting Techniques for the Ambitious ..................................... 8 Xeriscape Ponds....................................................................................................................... 8 Aquaponics in the Backyard ..................................................................................................... 9 Water Polymer Crystals ...........................................................................................................
    [Show full text]
  • 'Ala'alahua, Mahoe
    Plants ʹAlaʹalahua, mahoe Alectryon macrococcus var. auwahiensis SPECIES STATUS: Federally Listed as Endangered Genetic Safety Net Species IUCN Red List Ranking ‐ CR B2ab(i,ii,iii,iv,v) Hawai‘i Natural Heritage Ranking ‐ Critically Imperiled (G1T1) Endemism ‐ Maui Kim and Forest Starr, USGS Critical Habitat ‐ Designated SPECIES INFORMATION: Alectryon macrococcus of the soapberry family (Sapindaceae) is a tree up to 36 ft (11 m) tall with reddish brown branches. The leaves are usually 8 to 22 in (20 to 55 cm) long, typically with two to five pairs of egg‐shaped, slightly asymmetrical leaflets. Glossy and smooth above, the leaves have a conspicuous netted pattern of veins. A dense covering of rust‐colored hairs persists on the lower surfaces of mature leaves of A. macrococcus var. auwahiensis, whereas the mature leaves of A. macrococcus var. macrococcus lack hairs or are only slightly hairy. In both varieties, the flowers, which may be either bisexual or male, are borne in branched clusters up to l2 in (30 cm) long and lack petals. The fruit of this tree provided food for the early Hawaiians, as both the seed and the scarlet‐colored, fleshy aril around it have mild but slightly sweet flavors. The two varieties recognized for this species are Federally Listed as Endangered. The first, variety macrococcus, is found on four Hawaiian islands. The second, discussed here, is variety auwahiensis, found only on the island of Maui, and is much rarer. DISTRIBUTION: A. macrococcus var. auwahiensis is found only on the island of Maui, on the south slope of the volcano Haleakalā, at elevations of 1,017 and 3,562 m (1,168 and 3,337 ft).
    [Show full text]
  • (Rattus Spp. and Mus Musculus) in The
    CHAPTER SIX: CONCLUSIONS Aaron B. Shiels Department of Botany University of Hawaii at Manoa 3190 Maile Way Honolulu, HI. 96822 173 Along with humans, introduced rats (Rattus rattus, R. norvegicus, and R. exulans) and mice (Mus musculus) are among the most invasive and widely distributed mammals on the planet; they occur on more than 80% of the world‘s islands groups (Atkinson 1985; Towns 2009). By incorporating modern technology, such as aerial broadcast of rodenticides, the number of islands where invasive rodents can be successfully removed has recently increased (Howald et al. 2007). However, successful rat and mouse eradication on relatively large (> 5000 ha) or human-inhabited islands such as the main Hawaiian Islands rarely occurs (Howald et al. 2007) despite large sums of money and research efforts annually to combat invasive rodent problems (see Chapter 1 section ―Rat history in Hawaii‖; Tobin et al. 1990). Therefore, it is highly unlikely that invasive rats and mice will be eradicated from relatively large, human-occupied islands such as Oahu in the near or distant future (Howald et al. 2007); and accepting this may be a first step towards increasing the likelihood of native species conservation in archipelagos like Hawaii where introduced rodents have established. Determining which invasive rodent species are present at a given site is important because the risks that some rodent species pose to particular (prey) species and/or habitats differ from those posed by other rodent species. Two sympatric species cannot occupy the same niche indefinitely, in a stable environment (Gause 1934), which may partly explain why some rodent species may not occur where others are present (Harper 2006).
    [Show full text]
  • Pu'u Wa'awa'a Biological Assessment
    PU‘U WA‘AWA‘A BIOLOGICAL ASSESSMENT PU‘U WA‘AWA‘A, NORTH KONA, HAWAII Prepared by: Jon G. Giffin Forestry & Wildlife Manager August 2003 STATE OF HAWAII DEPARTMENT OF LAND AND NATURAL RESOURCES DIVISION OF FORESTRY AND WILDLIFE TABLE OF CONTENTS TITLE PAGE ................................................................................................................................. i TABLE OF CONTENTS ............................................................................................................. ii GENERAL SETTING...................................................................................................................1 Introduction..........................................................................................................................1 Land Use Practices...............................................................................................................1 Geology..................................................................................................................................3 Lava Flows............................................................................................................................5 Lava Tubes ...........................................................................................................................5 Cinder Cones ........................................................................................................................7 Soils .......................................................................................................................................9
    [Show full text]
  • Urera Kaalae
    Plants Opuhe Urera kaalae SPECIES STATUS: Federally Listed as Endangered Genetic Safety Net Species J.K.Obata©Smithsonian Inst., 2005 IUCN Red List Ranking – Critically Endangered (CR D) Hawai‘i Natural Heritage Ranking ‐ Critically Imperiled (G1) Endemism – O‘ahu Critical Habitat ‐ Designated SPECIES INFORMATION: Urera kaalae, a long‐lived perennial member of the nettle family (Urticaceae), is a small tree or shrub 3 to 7 m (10 to 23 ft) tall. This species can be distinguished from the other Hawaiian species of the genus by its heart‐shaped leaves. DISTRIBUTION: Found in the central to southern parts of the Wai‘anae Mountains on O‘ahu. ABUNDANCE: The nine remaining subpopulations comprise approximately 40 plants. LOCATION AND CONDITION OF KEY HABITAT: Urera kaalae typically grows on slopes and in gulches in diverse mesic forest at elevations of 439 to 1,074 m (1,440 to 3,523 ft). The last 12 known occurrences are found on both state and privately owned land. Associated native species include Alyxia oliviformis, Antidesma platyphyllum, Asplenium kaulfusii, Athyrium sp., Canavalia sp., Charpentiera sp., Chamaesyce sp., Claoxylon sandwicense, Diospyros hillebrandii, Doryopteris sp., Freycinetia arborea, Hedyotis acuminata, Hibiscus sp., Nestegis sandwicensis, Pipturus albidus, Pleomele sp., Pouteria sandwicensis, Psychotria sp., Senna gaudichaudii (kolomona), Streblus pendulinus, Urera glabra, and Xylosma hawaiiense. THREATS: Habitat degradation by feral pigs; Competition from alien plant species; Stochastic extinction; Reduced reproductive vigor due to the small number of remaining individuals. CONSERVATION ACTIONS: The goals of conservation actions are not only to protect current populations, but also to establish new populations to reduce the risk of extinction.
    [Show full text]
  • Department of the Interior Fish and Wildlife Service
    Thursday, February 27, 2003 Part II Department of the Interior Fish and Wildlife Service 50 CFR Part 17 Endangered and Threatened Wildlife and Plants; Final Designation or Nondesignation of Critical Habitat for 95 Plant Species From the Islands of Kauai and Niihau, HI; Final Rule VerDate Jan<31>2003 13:12 Feb 26, 2003 Jkt 200001 PO 00000 Frm 00001 Fmt 4717 Sfmt 4717 E:\FR\FM\27FER2.SGM 27FER2 9116 Federal Register / Vol. 68, No. 39 / Thursday, February 27, 2003 / Rules and Regulations DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR units designated for the 83 species. This FOR FURTHER INFORMATION CONTACT: Paul critical habitat designation requires the Henson, Field Supervisor, Pacific Fish and Wildlife Service Service to consult under section 7 of the Islands Office at the above address Act with regard to actions carried out, (telephone 808/541–3441; facsimile 50 CFR Part 17 funded, or authorized by a Federal 808/541–3470). agency. Section 4 of the Act requires us SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION: RIN 1018–AG71 to consider economic and other relevant impacts when specifying any particular Background Endangered and Threatened Wildlife area as critical habitat. This rule also and Plants; Final Designation or In the Lists of Endangered and determines that designating critical Nondesignation of Critical Habitat for Threatened Plants (50 CFR 17.12), there habitat would not be prudent for seven 95 Plant Species From the Islands of are 95 plant species that, at the time of species. We solicited data and Kauai and Niihau, HI listing, were reported from the islands comments from the public on all aspects of Kauai and/or Niihau (Table 1).
    [Show full text]
  • Keauhou Bird Conservation Center
    KEAUHOU BIRD CONSERVATION CENTER Discovery Forest Restoration Project PO Box 2037 Kamuela, HI 96743 Tel +1 808 776 9900 Fax +1 808 776 9901 Responsible Forester: Nicholas Koch [email protected] +1 808 319 2372 (direct) Table of Contents 1. CLIENT AND PROPERTY INFORMATION .................................................................... 4 1.1. Client ................................................................................................................................................ 4 1.2. Consultant ....................................................................................................................................... 4 2. Executive Summary .................................................................................................. 5 3. Introduction ............................................................................................................. 6 3.1. Site description ............................................................................................................................... 6 3.1.1. Parcel and location .................................................................................................................. 6 3.1.2. Site History ................................................................................................................................ 6 3.2. Plant ecosystems ............................................................................................................................ 6 3.2.1. Hydrology ................................................................................................................................
    [Show full text]
  • List 01 Hawaiian Names 01 Plants
    V\.{). 3 v BOTANICAL BULLETIN NO.2 JUNE. 1913 TERRITORY OF HAWAII BOARD OF AGRICULTURE AND FORESTRY List 01 Hawaiian Names 01 Plants BY JOSEPH F. ROCK Consulting Botanist, Board of Agriculture and Forestry HONOLULU: HAWAIIAN GAZETTE CO., LTD. 1913 ALPHABETICAL LIST OF HAWAIIAN NAMES OF PLANTS. The following list of Hawaiian plant-names has been compiled from various sources. Hillebrand in his valuable Flora of the Hawaiian Islands has given many Hawaiian names, especially of the more common species; these are incorporated in this list with a few corrections. Nearly all Hawaiian plant-names found in this list and not in Hillebrand's Flora were secured from Mr. Francis Gay of the Island of Kauai, an old resident in this Terri­ tory and well acquainted with its plants from a layman's stand­ point. It was the writer's privilege to camp with Mr. Gay in the mountains of Kauai collecting botanical material; for almost every species he could give the native name, which he had se­ cured in the early days from old and reliable natives. Mr. Gay had made spatter prints of many of the native plants in a large record book with their names and uses, as well as their symbolic meaning when occurring in mele (songs) or olioli (chants), at­ tached to them. For all this information the writer is indebted mainly to Mr. Francis Gay and also to Mr. Augustus F. Knudsen of the same Island. The writer also secured Hawaiian names from old na­ tives and Kahunas (priests) in the various islands of the group.
    [Show full text]
  • Kingdom Class Family Scientific Name Common Name I Q a Records
    Kingdom Class Family Scientific Name Common Name I Q A Records plants monocots Poaceae Paspalidium rarum C 2/2 plants monocots Poaceae Aristida latifolia feathertop wiregrass C 3/3 plants monocots Poaceae Aristida lazaridis C 1/1 plants monocots Poaceae Astrebla pectinata barley mitchell grass C 1/1 plants monocots Poaceae Cenchrus setigerus Y 1/1 plants monocots Poaceae Echinochloa colona awnless barnyard grass Y 2/2 plants monocots Poaceae Aristida polyclados C 1/1 plants monocots Poaceae Cymbopogon ambiguus lemon grass C 1/1 plants monocots Poaceae Digitaria ctenantha C 1/1 plants monocots Poaceae Enteropogon ramosus C 1/1 plants monocots Poaceae Enneapogon avenaceus C 1/1 plants monocots Poaceae Eragrostis tenellula delicate lovegrass C 2/2 plants monocots Poaceae Urochloa praetervisa C 1/1 plants monocots Poaceae Heteropogon contortus black speargrass C 1/1 plants monocots Poaceae Iseilema membranaceum small flinders grass C 1/1 plants monocots Poaceae Bothriochloa ewartiana desert bluegrass C 2/2 plants monocots Poaceae Brachyachne convergens common native couch C 2/2 plants monocots Poaceae Enneapogon lindleyanus C 3/3 plants monocots Poaceae Enneapogon polyphyllus leafy nineawn C 1/1 plants monocots Poaceae Sporobolus actinocladus katoora grass C 1/1 plants monocots Poaceae Cenchrus pennisetiformis Y 1/1 plants monocots Poaceae Sporobolus australasicus C 1/1 plants monocots Poaceae Eriachne pulchella subsp. dominii C 1/1 plants monocots Poaceae Dichanthium sericeum subsp. humilius C 1/1 plants monocots Poaceae Digitaria divaricatissima var. divaricatissima C 1/1 plants monocots Poaceae Eriachne mucronata forma (Alpha C.E.Hubbard 7882) C 1/1 plants monocots Poaceae Sehima nervosum C 1/1 plants monocots Poaceae Eulalia aurea silky browntop C 2/2 plants monocots Poaceae Chloris virgata feathertop rhodes grass Y 1/1 CODES I - Y indicates that the taxon is introduced to Queensland and has naturalised.
    [Show full text]
  • Invasive Aphids Attack Native Hawaiian Plants
    Biol Invasions DOI 10.1007/s10530-006-9045-1 INVASION NOTE Invasive aphids attack native Hawaiian plants Russell H. Messing Æ Michelle N. Tremblay Æ Edward B. Mondor Æ Robert G. Foottit Æ Keith S. Pike Received: 17 July 2006 / Accepted: 25 July 2006 Ó Springer Science+Business Media B.V. 2006 Abstract Invasive species have had devastating plants. To date, aphids have been observed impacts on the fauna and flora of the Hawaiian feeding and reproducing on 64 native Hawaiian Islands. While the negative effects of some inva- plants (16 indigenous species and 48 endemic sive species are obvious, other species are less species) in 32 families. As the majority of these visible, though no less important. Aphids (Ho- plants are endangered, invasive aphids may have moptera: Aphididae) are not native to Hawai’i profound impacts on the island flora. To help but have thoroughly invaded the Island chain, protect unique island ecosystems, we propose that largely as a result of anthropogenic influences. As border vigilance be enhanced to prevent the aphids cause both direct plant feeding damage incursion of new aphids, and that biological con- and transmit numerous pathogenic viruses, it is trol efforts be renewed to mitigate the impact of important to document aphid distributions and existing species. ranges throughout the archipelago. On the basis of an extensive survey of aphid diversity on the Keywords Aphid Æ Aphididae Æ Hawai’i Æ five largest Hawaiian Islands (Hawai’i, Kaua’i, Indigenous plants Æ Invasive species Æ Endemic O’ahu, Maui, and Moloka’i), we provide the first plants Æ Hawaiian Islands Æ Virus evidence that invasive aphids feed not just on agricultural crops, but also on native Hawaiian Introduction R.
    [Show full text]
  • Pteridologist 2007
    PTERIDOLOGIST 2007 CONTENTS Volume 4 Part 6, 2007 EDITORIAL James Merryweather Instructions to authors NEWS & COMMENT Dr Trevor Walker Chris Page 166 A Chilli Fern? Graham Ackers 168 The Botanical Research Fund 168 Miscellany 169 IDENTIFICATION Male Ferns 2007 James Merryweather 172 TREE-FERN NEWSLETTER No. 13 Hyper-Enthusiastic Rooting of a Dicksonia Andrew Leonard 178 Most Northerly, Outdoor Tree Ferns Alastair C. Wardlaw 178 Dicksonia x lathamii A.R. Busby 179 Tree Ferns at Kells House Garden Martin Rickard 181 FOCUS ON FERNERIES Renovated Palace for Dicksoniaceae Alastair C. Wardlaw 184 The Oldest Fernery? Martin Rickard 185 Benmore Fernery James Merryweather 186 FEATURES Recording Ferns part 3 Chris Page 188 Fern Sticks Yvonne Golding 190 The Stansfield Memorial Medal A.R. Busby 191 Fern Collections in Manchester Museum Barbara Porter 193 What’s Dutch about Dutch Rush? Wim de Winter 195 The Fine Ferns of Flora Græca Graham Ackers 203 CONSERVATION A Case for Ex Situ Conservation? Alastair C. Wardlaw 197 IN THE GARDEN The ‘Acutilobum’ Saga Robert Sykes 199 BOOK REVIEWS Encyclopedia of Garden Ferns by Sue Olsen Graham Ackers 170 Fern Books Before 1900 by Hall & Rickard Clive Jermy 172 Britsh Ferns DVD by James Merryweather Graham Ackers 187 COVER PICTURE: The ancestor common to all British male ferns, the mountain male fern Dryopteris oreades, growing on a ledge high on the south wall of Bealach na Ba (the pass of the cattle) Unless stated otherwise, between Kishorn and Applecross in photographs were supplied the Scottish Highlands - page 172. by the authors of the articles PHOTO: JAMES MERRYWEATHER in which they appear.
    [Show full text]
  • Guidance Document Pohakuloa Training Area Plant Guide
    GUIDANCE DOCUMENT Recovery of Native Plant Communities and Ecological Processes Following Removal of Non-native, Invasive Ungulates from Pacific Island Forests Pohakuloa Training Area Plant Guide SERDP Project RC-2433 JULY 2018 Creighton Litton Rebecca Cole University of Hawaii at Manoa Distribution Statement A Page Intentionally Left Blank This report was prepared under contract to the Department of Defense Strategic Environmental Research and Development Program (SERDP). The publication of this report does not indicate endorsement by the Department of Defense, nor should the contents be construed as reflecting the official policy or position of the Department of Defense. Reference herein to any specific commercial product, process, or service by trade name, trademark, manufacturer, or otherwise, does not necessarily constitute or imply its endorsement, recommendation, or favoring by the Department of Defense. Page Intentionally Left Blank 47 Page Intentionally Left Blank 1. Ferns & Fern Allies Order: Polypodiales Family: Aspleniaceae (Spleenworts) Asplenium peruvianum var. insulare – fragile fern (Endangered) Delicate ENDEMIC plants usually growing in cracks or caves; largest pinnae usually <6mm long, tips blunt, uniform in shape, shallowly lobed, 2-5 lobes on acroscopic side. Fewer than 5 sori per pinna. Fronds with distal stipes, proximal rachises ocassionally proliferous . d b a Asplenium trichomanes subsp. densum – ‘oāli’i; maidenhair spleenwort Plants small, commonly growing in full sunlight. Rhizomes short, erect, retaining many dark brown, shiny old stipe bases.. Stipes wiry, dark brown – black, up to 10cm, shiny, glabrous, adaxial surface flat, with 2 greenish ridges on either side. Pinnae 15-45 pairs, almost sessile, alternate, ovate to round, basal pinnae smaller and more widely spaced.
    [Show full text]