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1951 Convention Relating to the Status of Refugees, 204, 223, 224 Cambridge University Press 978-1-108-48780-1 — The Syrian War Edited by Hilly Moodrick-Even Khen , Nir T. Boms , Sareta Ashraph Index More Information INDEX 1951 Convention Relating to the Status Al Mayadeen, 174 of Refugees, 204, 223, 224 Al-Akhbar, 166, 175, 176 1963 Ba’athist coup, 254 Al-Aqsa Mosque, 172 1967 war, 169, 190 Alawites, 47, 59, 77, 288, 294, 296 1974 disengagement line, 187 Al-Azhar University, 172 1990 Dublin Convention to Syrian Al-Bab, 37 refugees, 221 al-Badia, 72 Aleppo, 1, 45, 56, 62, 64, 67, 68, 70, 74, Abdallah Arslan al-Hariri, 115, 116 75, 87, 89, 90, 92, 95, 114, 145, 173, Abdel Fattah el-Sisi, 213 177, 237, 281 abduction, 151 al-Ghouta al-Sharqiyya, 66, 67, 72, 74 Abdullah Ocalan, 273, 274, 275, Al-Hader, 174 279, 285 Al-Jazeera, 171 Abu Abbas, 173 al-Jieza, 180 Abu Ayyub al-Masri, 49 al-Marjeh, 90 Abu Bakr al-Baghdadi, 49 Al-Mayadeen, 174 Abu Omar al-Baghdadi, 49 al-Nusra Front, 1, 4, 49, 52, 63, 85, 86, Abu-Musab al-Zarqawi, 49 92, 107, 169, 170, 177, 179, 187, abusive institutions, 246 189, 190, 196, 210, 226, 278, 290 accountability exercise, 257 Al-Omari mosque, 81 accountability mechanisms, 255 Alon, Yigal, 190 accountability process, 264 al-Qaeda, 4, 31, 43, 49, 52, 85, 189 Action Emploi Réfugiés, 236 Al-Qaseer, 83 acts of retribution, 266 Al-Qusayr, 87, 90, 173 adaptive functioning, 260 Al-Rahman Division, 174 Additional Protocol I, 32, 34, 35, 37, al-Ruqban camp, 205 40, 43 al-Tamanah, 98 Additional Protocol II, 30, 32, 36, 37, 43 al-Yarmouk camp, 166, 168, 169, Additional Protocol III, 91 170, 177 administrative law, 257 al-Zabadani, 66 Adra, 95 Amman, 206 Afghanistan Amnesty International, 108, 115, 116, al-Qaeda, 31, 43 118, 119, 120, 123, 124, 219, 261 gender equlity in refugee centres, 234 amnesty law, 247 Shi’a militias, 56 amnesty strategy, 266 Afrin, 38, 39, 202, 277, 279, 284 Angehort, 236 Ahmad Jibril, 169, 177 Ankara, 275, 283, 284 Ahrar al-Sham, 1, 52, 92 Ankommen App, 236 Ajaneb, 280 Ansbach, 226 299 © in this web service Cambridge University Press www.cambridge.org Cambridge University Press 978-1-108-48780-1 — The Syrian War Edited by Hilly Moodrick-Even Khen , Nir T. Boms , Sareta Ashraph Index More Information 300 index António Guterres, 218 Bashar al-Assad, 1, 4, 6, 7, 8, 11, 14, 17, Aoun, Michel, 208, 215 39, 44, 47, 56, 57, 58, 59, 61, 62, 63, Arab Belt, 281 64, 65, 66, 67, 68, 69, 71, 72, 75, 77, Arab Centre for Research and Policy 78, 85, 86, 105, 117, 166, 171, 174, Studies, 175 175, 176, 190, 191, 192, 200, 202, Arab League, 85 205, 206, 210, 219, 229, 230, 238, Arab nationalists, 279, 284 244, 245, 246, 265, 266, 267, 273, Arab Spring, 1, 47, 58, 81, 150, 203, 294 276, 281, 282, 286, 288, 289, 290, Arab world, 165, 166, 167, 170, 171, 291, 293, 297 178 Basil Al-Sayed, 83 Arafat, Yasser, 171 Bataclan attack, 225 area bombardment, 91 Beirut, 167, 175, 271 armed groups, 2, 3, 6, 11, 30, 31, 33, 40, Belgium 43, 46, 47, 49, 50, 54, 83, 85, 86, 87, Islamist actors, 232 90, 92, 103, 107, 145, 146, 153, 160, redistribution policies, 230 171, 189, 191 Belgium Federal Agency for the Ashrafiah Sahnaya, 96 Reception of Asylum Seekers, 234 Asma’ al-Akhras, 65 belligerent state, 32 Association for the Defence of the Beqaa region, 173 Victims of the Syrian Beqaa valley, 173 Revolution, 256 Berkeley Human Rights Centre, 257 Astana, 71, 191, 192, 297 Berlin, 225, 236 Astana Initiative, 191 besieged areas, 260 asylum procedure, 232, 236 bespoke alternative models, 255 Asylum Procedure Directive, 226 Bet Jann pocket, 195 Atarib, 92 Betts, Alexander, 206, 207 authoritarian state system, 214 Bilad al-Sha’m, 59 authoritarianism, 243, 247, 250 Bishara, Azmi, 166, 175 Azadi, 275 Bitari, Nabil, 166, 177 Azmi Bishara, 175, 176, 177, 179 Bitari, Nidal, 168, 169, 170 blanket amnesties, 249 Ba’ath party, 8, 142, 280, 281, 287, 288 blanket impunity, 255 Ba’ath government, 59 Bookchin, Murray, 277, 279 Ba’ath party, 59, 254 Bosnia, 130, 149 Ba’ath revolution, 59 British Joint Intelligence Committee, 96 Baaj, 133 Bron, Itai, 67 Bab Amr, 84 brothers-in-arms, 179 Baghdad, 212, 283, 285 Brussels, 217, 225, 235 Bahhariyeh, 96, 98 bureaucratic expertise, 255 Bahrain Busra al-Sham, 180 2010 uprising, 167 Iranian-supported rebels, 178 Cairo, 297 rebelling people, 167 Calais refugee camps, 223 revolution, 167 calculated adventure, 175 Balfour declaration, 166 caliphate, 49, 86, 269 bar associations, 257 Canada Bargaining theory, 22 refuge, 180 barrel bombs, 89, 90, 93, 99, 100 Syria Transition Roadmap, 256 © in this web service Cambridge University Press www.cambridge.org Cambridge University Press 978-1-108-48780-1 — The Syrian War Edited by Hilly Moodrick-Even Khen , Nir T. Boms , Sareta Ashraph Index More Information index 301 captured combatants, 252 Collier, Paul, 206, 207 Caritas International Belgium and combat helicopters, 69 Convivial, 235 commission of inquiry, 262 Cassese, Antonio, 127 commission of international crimes, Caucasus, 131 251, 252 Center for Political and Strategic commission of international or Studies, 255, 256 domestic crimes, 247 Central America Committee for the Buying and Selling transition to democracy, 247 of Slaves, 133 Central Intelligence Agency, 165 Common Article 3, 30, 31, 32, 45, 46, chain of command, 25, 252, 256 53 Charter of Fundamental Rights of the Common European Asylum European Union, Article 18, System, 226 225 communal grievances, 247 Charter of Fundamental Rights of the communications platforms, 259 European Union, Article 19, community-based approach, 260 225 co-morbidity, 258 Charter of the International Military conditional amnesties, 256 Tribunal at Nuremberg, 110 conflict-related crimes, 257 Chechnya model, 69 conquered status, 152 checkpoints, 82, 89, 115, 134, 145, 146, conscription, 145, 153, 160 147, 148, 150, 151, 153, 157, 160, consolidated state, 298 169, 205, 287 consolidated transition, 261 chemical attack, 46, 66, 67, 69, 71, 72, constellation of military forces, 36 74, 98, 99, 103, 181, 200 Convention for the Protection of chemical weapons, 2, 6, 14, 18, 34, 35, Human Rights and Fundamental 36, 43, 61, 66, 67, 68, 69, 71, 72, Freedoms, 224 80, 88, 93, 94, 95, 96, 97, 98, 99, Convention Relating to the Status of 100, 101, 102, 103, 104, 179, Refugees, Article 33, 224 184, 289 cost-benefit analysis, 22 Chemical Weapons Convention, 99 Council of the Free Syrian Judges, China 257 veto, 46, 69, 85 Council of Youth Movements, 185 chlorine, 67, 68, 98, 99, 100, 102, crime of aggression, 33 103 crimes against humanity, 3, 6, 82, 84, Christianity, 131 107, 108, 109, 110, 111, 112, 113, Christians, 76, 77, 188, 208, 215, 115, 118, 123, 125, 126, 138, 237 176, 258 civil code, 257 criminal accountability, 245, 248, 251, civil society organisations, 184, 217, 255, 256, 263, 264 232, 233, 234, 236, 250, 254, 257 criminal justice system, 248 civilian life, 266, 288 criminal procedure, 257 civilian populations, 25, 28 criteria for eligibility, 266 civilian safe havens, 259 cross-border conflict, 32 Cold War, 247 crowd-source information, 262 collective restitution, 255 cultural genocide, 125, 126, 129, 130 collective self-defence, 13, 18 customary international law, 14, 37 collective vigilantism, 265 customary law, 30, 35, 40, 43, 93, 125 © in this web service Cambridge University Press www.cambridge.org Cambridge University Press 978-1-108-48780-1 — The Syrian War Edited by Hilly Moodrick-Even Khen , Nir T. Boms , Sareta Ashraph Index More Information 302 index Daleel, Mohammad, 226 digital forensics, 254 Damascus, 5, 8, 58, 59, 60, 62, 66, 72, 73, diplomatic engagement, 261 83, 84, 89, 90, 92, 96, 104, 114, 118, Disaster and Emergency Management 119, 124, 151, 168, 169, 170, 172, Agency, 203 174, 181, 189, 237, 271, 272, 273, distribution of immigrants, 230 275, 279, 284, 286, 287, 288 documentation of abuses, 245, 246 Damascus declaration initiative, 59 domestic conflicts, 15, 21, 27 Damascus Spring, 5, 8, 59, 288 domestic courts, 250 Danish Institute for International domestic criminal law, 264 Studies, 226 domestic trials, 264 Daraa, 1, 60, 72, 74, 81, 90, 114, 115, donor states, 244, 248, 250, 254, 255 150, 151, 172, 173, 178, 180, 192, Douma, 34, 72, 103, 104, 181 239, 289 Druze, 40, 48, 59, 63, 77, 174, 187, Darayya, 66 188, 190 data management, 254 Dublin Regulation, 226, 227 Day of Rage, 150, 151 duyuf, 199 Dayr az-Zawr, 86 deadweight losses, 22 East Bank, 208 De-Ba’athification of Iraq, 255 Eastern Europe Decree 161, 254 transparency initiatives, 247 de-escalation, 72, 73, 180, 191 Eastern Mediterranean, 72 Deir ez-Zur, 173, 229, 289 economic instability, 259 de-militarised zone, 41 economic powerhouse, 292 demobilisation, 259 economic refugees, 292 democratic principles, 247 effective government, 18 Democratic Society Movement (TEV- effective levers, 266 DEM), 278 Egypt democratic transition, 244 Arab Spring, 58 Democratic Union Party (PYD), 202, demonstrations, 289 203, 274, 277, 278, 279, 283, Iranian-supported rebels, 178 284, 285 rebelling people, 167 democratic values, 249 revolution, 167 Denmark Syrian refugees, 201, 213 Syrian engineers, 237 use of force, 14 Venligboerne, 236 electrocution, 123, 154, 155, 158, 160 deontological value, 249 Elements of Crimes, 109, 112, 113, 117, Dersimi, Nuri, 271 122, 127 detainees, 115, 116, 118, 120, 121, 123, Emergency Law, 254 124, 146, 148, 149, 154, 155, 156, Emergency Relocation System, 227 157, 158, 160, 266 emergent governmental structures, 266 detention, 6, 79, 82, 108, 114, 115, 116, emerging endgame, 295 117, 118, 119, 120, 122, 123, 124, Enlightenment, 238 138, 140, 146, 148, 149, 150, 153, Erbil, 277, 278, 283, 286 154, 155, 156, 157, 158, 160, ethnic cleansing, 16, 66, 78, 125, 126, 227, 252 129, 130, 131 detention centres, 79, 114, 117, 118, ethnically homogeneous, 130 119, 227, 252 EU Agency on Asylum, 228 diaspora populations, 259 Euphrates River, 62, 281 © in this web service Cambridge University Press www.cambridge.org Cambridge University Press 978-1-108-48780-1 — The Syrian War Edited by Hilly Moodrick-Even Khen , Nir T.
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