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Report, While the Results for Problem Solving Will Be Published by the OECD in Spring 2014 on Mathematics, Reading Literacy and Science in PISA 2012 on Mathematics, Reading Literacy in Ireland of 15-year-olds Achievements The Education for Life: Learning for Life: The Achievements of 15-year-olds in Ireland on Mathematics, Reading Literacy and Science in PISA 2012 Perkins Shiel Merriman Educational Research Centre, St Patrick’s College, Dublin 9 Cosgrove http://www.erc.ie Rachel Perkins, Gerry Shiel, Brían Merriman, ISBN:ISBN 978 0-900440-42-2 0 900440 42 7 Moran Jude Cosgrove and Gráinne Moran 9 780900 440427 ERC Educational Research Centre Learning for Life: The Achievements of 15-year-olds in Ireland on Mathematics, Reading Literacy and Science in PISA 2012 Learning for Life The Achievements of 15-year-olds in Ireland on Mathematics, Reading Literacy and Science in PISA 2012 Rachel Perkins Gerry Shiel Brían Merriman Jude Cosgrove Gráinne Moran Educational Research Centre Copyright © 2013, Educational Research Centre, St Patrick’s College, Dublin 9 http://www.erc.ie Cataloguing-in-publication data: Perkins, Rachel. Learning for Life: The Achievements of 15-year-olds in Ireland on Mathematics, Reading Literacy and Science in PISA 2012 / Rachel Perkins, Gerry Shiel, Brían Merriman, Jude Cosgrove, Gráinne Moran. Dublin: Educational Research Centre xx, 224p., 30cm ISBN: 978 0 900440 42 7 1. Programme for International Student Assessment (Project) 2. Mathematics (Secondary) – Ireland 3. Reading (Secondary) – Ireland 4. Science (Secondary) – Ireland 5. Academic achievement 6. Educational surveys – Ireland 2013 I Title. II Shiel, Gerry. III Merriman, Brían. IV Cosgrove, Jude. V Moran, Gráinne. 371.262 Printed in the Republic of Ireland by eprint Limited, Dublin. Table of Contents PREFACE ....................................................................................................................................................... VII ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS ................................................................................................................................ VIII ACRONYMS AND ABBREVIATIONS ................................................................................................................. IX EXECUTIVE SUMMARY ................................................................................................................................... XI 1. OVERVIEW OF PISA 2012 ............................................................................................................................. 1 1.1. CONTENT OF THE ASSESSMENT ........................................................................................................ 2 1.2. FRAMEWORK FOR MATHEMATICS .................................................................................................... 3 1.3. FRAMEWORK FOR READING ............................................................................................................. 9 1.4. FRAMEWORK FOR SCIENCE ............................................................................................................. 11 1.5. PISA CONTEXT QUESTIONNAIRES .................................................................................................... 13 1.6. IMPLEMENTATION OF PISA 2012 IN IRELAND ................................................................................. 15 2. THE RESEARCH AND POLICY CONTEXT FOR PISA 2012 ................................................................................ 23 2.1. ACHIEVEMENT OUTCOMES FROM PREVIOUS CYCLES OF PISA AND OTHER ASSESSMENTS ............. 23 2.2. CHARACTERISTICS ASSOCIATED WITH ACHIEVEMENT IN PREVIOUS CYCLES OF PISA ...................... 35 2.3. RECENT AND CURRENT DEVELOPMENTS IN THE TEACHING AND LEARNING OF MATHEMATICS IN IRELAND. ....................................................................................................................................... 40 2.4. SUMMARY ...................................................................................................................................... 43 3. PERFORMANCE ON MATHEMATICS ........................................................................................................... 45 3.1. OVERALL PERFORMANCE ON PRINT MATHEMATICS ....................................................................... 45 3.2. VARIATION IN PERFORMANCE ON PRINT MATHEMATICS ............................................................... 46 3.3. PERFORMANCE ON PRINT MATHEMATICS PROFICIENCY LEVELS .................................................... 47 3.4. PERFORMANCE ON PRINT MATHEMATICS PROCESS SUBSCALES .................................................... 50 3.5. PERFORMANCE ON PRINT MATHEMATICS CONTENT SUBSCALES ................................................... 56 3.6. GENDER DIFFERENCES ON PRINT MATHEMATICS............................................................................ 63 3.7. PERFORMANCE ON COMPUTER-BASED MATHEMATICS .................................................................. 66 3.8. SUMMARY ...................................................................................................................................... 73 4. PERFORMANCE ON READING AND SCIENCE ............................................................................................... 75 4.1. OVERALL PERFORMANCE ON PRINT READING ................................................................................ 75 4.2. VARIATION IN PERFORMANCE ON PRINT READING ........................................................................ 75 4.3. PERFORMANCE ON PRINT READING PROFICIENCY LEVELS .............................................................. 77 4.4. GENDER DIFFERENCES ON PRINT READING ..................................................................................... 80 4.5. OVERALL PERFORMANCE ON DIGITAL READING ............................................................................. 81 4.6. VARIATION IN PERFORMANCE ON DIGITAL READING ..................................................................... 83 4.7. PERFORMANCE ON DIGITAL READING PROFICIENCY LEVELS ........................................................... 84 4.8. GENDER DIFFERENCES ON DIGITAL READING .................................................................................. 86 4.9. OVERALL PERFORMANCE ON SCIENCE ............................................................................................ 88 v 4.10. VARIATION IN PERFORMANCE ON SCIENCE .................................................................................. 89 4.11. PERFORMANCE ON SCIENCE PROFICIENCY LEVELS ........................................................................ 90 4.12. GENDER DIFFERENCES ON SCIENCE ............................................................................................... 92 4.13. SUMMARY .................................................................................................................................... 94 5. STUDENT- AND SCHOOL-LEVEL ASSOCIATIONS WITH ACHIEVEMENT ......................................................... 97 5.1. STUDENT CHARACTERISTICS ........................................................................................................... 98 5.2. SCHOOL CHARACTERISTICS ........................................................................................................... 106 5.3. SUMMARY .................................................................................................................................... 116 6. STUDENTS’ ATTITUDES TOWARDS AND ENGAGEMENT WITH SCHOOL AND MATHEMATICS ................... 119 6.1. ATTITUDES TOWARDS SCHOOL ..................................................................................................... 120 6.2. MOTIVATION TO LEARN MATHEMATICS ....................................................................................... 121 6.3. MATHEMATICS SELF-BELIEFS ........................................................................................................ 123 6.4. SELF-RESPONSIBILITY FOR FAILURE IN MATHEMATICS AND OPENNESS TO PROBLEM SOLVING ... 126 6.5. MATHEMATICS BEHAVIOURS, INTENTIONS AND SUBJECTIVE NORMS .......................................... 128 6.6. CORRELATIONS AMONG INDICES .................................................................................................. 129 6.7. SUMMARY .................................................................................................................................... 132 7. TRENDS IN STUDENT PERFORMANCE, CHARACTERISTICS ATTITUDES AND BELIEFS ................................. 135 7.1. TRENDS IN STUDENT PERFORMANCE ............................................................................................ 135 7.2. TRENDS IN STUDENT AND SCHOOL CHARACTERISTICS SINCE 2003 ............................................... 149 7.3. TRENDS IN STUDENTS’ ENGAGEMENT WITH SCHOOL, MOTIVATION AND ATTITUDES .................. 154 7.4. TRENDS IN STUDENTS’ RESPONSE PATTERNS ON THE PISA TESTS ................................................. 156 7.5. INTERPRETING CHANGES IN ACHIEVEMENT .................................................................................. 159 7.6. SUMMARY .................................................................................................................................... 162 8. CONCLUSIONS .......................................................................................................................................... 167 8.1. TRENDS IN ACHIEVEMENT............................................................................................................. 167
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