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CARL LUTZ: the Swiss Schindler

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CARL LUTZ: the Swiss Schindler TABLE OF CONTENTS Video Summary & Related Content 3 Video Review 4 Before Viewing 5 While Viewing 6 Talk Prompts 8 After Viewing 11 The Story 13 Activity #1: What is the Holocaust? 18 Activity #2: Activity: Women of Valour 21 Sources 22 CREDITS News in Review is produced by Visit www.curio.ca/newsinreview for an archive of all CBC NEWS and curio.ca previous News In Review seasons. As a companion resource, go to www.cbc.ca/news for additional GUIDE articles. Writer/Editor: Sean Dolan Additional editing: Michaël Elbaz CBC authorizes reproduction of material contained VIDEO in this guide for educational purposes. Please Host: Michael Serapio identify source. Senior Producer: Jordanna Lake News In Review is distributed by: Packaging Producer: Marie-Hélène Savard curio.ca | CBC Media Solutions Associate Producer: Francine Laprotte Supervising Manager: Laraine Bone © 2018 Canadian Broadcasting Corporation CARL LUTZ: The Swiss Schindler Video duration – 10:26 During the Second World War, Oskar Schindler, a German industrialist and Nazi officer, was credited with saving 1 200 Jews. His story was told by director Steven Spielberg in the award-winning movie Schindler's List. Yet to this day, few know the name of Carl Lutz. Tens of thousands of Hungarian Jews owe their lives to this modest Swiss diplomat. Among them are two Canadians who were helpless children caught up in racial hatred of the Holocaust. CBC reporter Laura Lynch talks to the historian who is telling Lutz's remarkable story. RELATED CONTENT • Escaping the Holocaust (Ideas) • Love, Hate and Propaganda: Truth and Total War (Part 4 of 6) • Love, Hate and Propaganda: Hiding the Horrors (Part 5 of 6) • News in Review, January 2016 – Mona Parsons: Canada's Nazi Resistance Fighter • News in Review, March 2015 – ​Auschwitz Liberation: 70 Years Later curio.ca/newsinreview / 3 VIDEO REVIEW curio.ca/newsinreview / 4 BEFORE VIEWING 1. What do you know about the Holocaust? 2. Who did the Nazis target during this period of history? 3. How devastating were the Nazis’ efforts? If you feel you need to learn more about the Holocaust before watching the video, go to the first activity in this News in Review guide and watch the “What is the Holocaust?” Education Video Toolbox. These explainers were created by Yad Vashem, a centre for Holocaust research: www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PLj1tRCohZq81aYbpsLMKimSXh2TibtwJW Carl Lutz: The Swiss Schindler curio.ca/newsinreview / 5 WHILE VIEWING 1. Carl Lutz is: a) Also known as Oskar Schindler b) A man who saved tens of thousands of Hungarian Jews c) Responsible for deporting people during the Second World War 2. Carl Lutz led the biggest civilian rescue operation in the Second World War. TRUE or FALSE? 3. Andrew Simon and his mother sought refuge from the Nazis at what has come to be known as the Brick House . TRUE or FALSE? 4. Gabor Maté’s mother: a) Managed to escape the Nazis with her son b) Was shot by the Nazis on the shores of the Danube c) Gave her son away to a Christian woman to save him from the Nazis Carl Lutz: The Swiss Schindler curio.ca/newsinreview / 6 5. Upon his return to Switzerland, Lutz was: a) Celebrated b) Incarcerated c) Reprimanded Carl and Gertrude Lutz were recognized by Holocaust research centre Yad Vashem in 1964 for being Righteous Among the Nations. A ceremony was later held at Yad Vashem in 1977 to honour them for their efforts during the Holocaust. Sadly, Carl Lutz, who died in 1975, was not present for the ceremony. Carl Lutz: The Swiss Schindler curio.ca/newsinreview / 7 TALK NEW PROMPTS curio.ca/newsinreview / 8 TALK PROMPT #1 Consider pausing the video and giving students the opportunity to talk to an elbow partner for a few minutes or use these questions as part of a class discussion. Pause the video after the initial interview segment with University of Victoria historian, Charlotte Schallié, @ 00:00 – 02:56 1. Why was Carl Lutz considered an unlikely hero? 2. What motivated Holocaust historian Charlotte Schallié to study the heroism of Carl Lutz? 3. What was it about Lutz that inspired Schallié? Carl Lutz: The Swiss Schindler curio.ca/newsinreview / 9 TALK PROMPT #2 Pause the video @ 07:30 1. What role did the Glass House play in Lutz’s rescue mission? 2. Why do you think Gabor Maté’s mother made the choice to giver her infant son over to the care of a stranger? TALK PROMPT #3 Pause at the end of the video: 1. How was Lutz treated by the Swiss government when he returned home? Why do you think this occurred? 2. Why do you consider Lutz to be a hero? Carl Lutz: The Swiss Schindler curio.ca/newsinreview / 10 AFTER VIEWING Research the legacy of the following three people: • Carl Lutz • Raoul Wallenberg • Oskar Schindler Who is the most famous of the three? Who left the greatest legacy? Why would one person be more famous than the others? Carl Lutz completed his university education in the United State. He earned a B.A. from the school of Law and History at George Washington University in the 1920s before embarking on his diplomatic career. Carl Lutz: The Swiss Schindler curio.ca/newsinreview / 11 What makes me fascinated by [Carl Lutz’s] story is that he was not cut out to be a hero. You know, he was not a risk taker. He was very shy, awkward…. Hardly anybody was aware of him and I felt, this can't be true. And the more I read about him, the more I felt we need to hear about him. – Charlotte Schallié, Holocaust historian THE STORY Minds On what came to be described as To Consider the “Final Solution” to the Prior to the Second World War 1. What is your Jewish problem. Today — over there were over 16 million understanding of the word 70 years after the war — there Jews in the world. The Nazis genocide? How is the are around 13 million Jews murdered six million of those Holocaust an example of living in the world. people. Had the war not genocide? ended with the defeat of the 2. How close did Hitler and Nazis, many more — possibly Definition: the Nazis come to all 16 million people — could Genocide – the deliberate achieving the goals set out have been killed. In fact, in killing of a large group of at the Wannsee 1942 at the Wannsee people. A genocidal event Conference? Conference on the outskirts of involves the targeting of a Berlin, senior Nazi officials certain ethnic, cultural or 3. How would the Holocaust plotted the murder of every religious groups. make the Jewish people a more resilient population? single Jew living in Europe in Carl Lutz: The Swiss Schindler curio.ca/newsinreview / 13 eye, they marched hundreds of international agreements as he Jews to the shores of the helped her into his car while Danube and began shooting the militia stared in disbelief. them. This is when our unlikely The scene brought a hero — Carl Lutz, the Swiss temporary pause to the killing Vice Consul — took action. A and served as a dramatic staid, reserved diplomat, Lutz example, at least in part, of the got wind of the atrocity and role Carl Lutz played in The Swiss Vice Consul sped to the scene of the killing orchestrating the largest in his consular vehicle. He humanitarian rescue operation In was deep into the Second jumped from his car, waded of the Second World War. World War when Hitler’s army into the river and pulled a arrived in Budapest, Hungary. wounded woman out of the The Arrow Cross Party was a far- The Arrow Cross Party militia Danube and declared her a right, pro-German and anti- embraced Nazi rule and, while protected citizen of Semitic organization that came to Hitler’s forces turned a blind Switzerland. He cited power in Hungary in late 1944. Carl Lutz: The Swiss Schindler curio.ca/newsinreview / 14 An unlikely hero people — was in full effect. tie the hands of the occupying Millions of Jews had already forces. He did this through a Which leads many to wonder: been murdered and, with the stroke of genius: from his why is there so little talk of occupation of Hungary, the consular office, Lutz arranged Carl Lutz? The career diplomat Nazis were eager to for the distribution of came from a stint in Palestine apprehend members of the thousands of “protective to a prominent position in the local Jewish population and letters” — that the Nazis Swiss embassy in Budapest, ship them off to Auschwitz. honoured! — allowing a large Hungary, in 1942. Hungary One of the men who stood in portion of the Jewish must have known they were their way: Carl Lutz. population of Budapest to resting squarely in Hitler’s avoid deportation to the crosshairs and, sure enough, Beating them at their own concentration camps. He also the Nazi army occupied game established over 70 safe Hungary in 1944. At this point Lutz essentially beat the Nazis houses around the city — in the war, Hitler’s Final at their own game. He used places he declared to be Solution — the complete bureaucracy and logistics to “Swiss territory.” Once again, destruction of the Jewish Carl Lutz: The Swiss Schindler curio.ca/newsinreview / 15 the Nazis, for the most part, Hero in Hungary, Zero at respected the designation and home (at first) left the Jews (who were living Lutz’s contributions cannot be in unsanitary conditions in understated. While the Nazis these overcrowded buildings) managed to kill over 400 000 alone.
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