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Émigrés and Anglo-American Intelligence Operations in the Early Cold War Cacciatore, F
WestminsterResearch http://www.westminster.ac.uk/westminsterresearch “Their Need Was Great”: Émigrés and Anglo-American Intelligence Operations in the Early Cold War Cacciatore, F. This is an electronic version of a PhD thesis awarded by the University of Westminster. © Mr Francesco Cacciatore, 2018. The WestminsterResearch online digital archive at the University of Westminster aims to make the research output of the University available to a wider audience. Copyright and Moral Rights remain with the authors and/or copyright owners. Whilst further distribution of specific materials from within this archive is forbidden, you may freely distribute the URL of WestminsterResearch: ((http://westminsterresearch.wmin.ac.uk/). In case of abuse or copyright appearing without permission e-mail [email protected] “Their Need Was Great”: Émigrés and Anglo-American Intelligence Operations in the Early Cold War Francesco Alexander Cacciatore March 2018 A thesis submitted in partial fulfilment of the requirements of the University of Westminster for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy Abstract Covert action during the Cold War has been the subject of much historiography. This research, however, is based for the most part on primary sources, specifically on the records declassified in the United States in 2007 as a consequence of the Nazi War Crimes Disclosure Act. The majority of the historiography on this topic either predates or neglects these records. The study of covert operations inside the Iron Curtain during the early Cold War, sponsored by Western states using émigré agents, usually ends with the conclusion that these operations were a failure, both in operational terms and from the point of view of the intelligence gathered. -
El Ángel De Budapest Egy Angyal Budapesten
EL ÁNGEL DE BUDAPEST EGY ANGYAL BUDAPESTEN EL ÁNGEL DE BUDAPEST EGY ANGYAL BUDAPESTEN 4 En memoria del diplomático español Ángel Sanz Briz Justo entre las Naciones (1910-1980), quien en 1944, junto con los empleados y colaboradores de la Legación de España en Budapest, salvó la vida de más de 5.000 judíos húngaros de la persecución del nazismo. “No te quedes inactivo cuando derraman la sangre de tu prójimo” (Levítico 19/16.) Embajada de España en Budapest (Hungría), 2015 IN MEMORIAM Ángel Sanz Briz a „Világ Igaza” (1910-1980), spanyol diplomata, 1944-ben Budapesten a Span- yol Követség munkatársaival és segítőivel közösen több mint 5000 magyar zsidó életét mentette meg a náci üldöztetéstől”. „…ne légy tétlen, ha felebarátaid vérét ontják” (3Móz. 19:16) „ Spanyol Nagykövetség, 2015 5 5 Antisemitismo, Antiszemitizmus, persecución üldöztetés y deportaciones és deportálások Al poco de comenzar la segunda guerra mundial Kevéssel a II. világháború kitörése után, a háttérben y con el telón de fondo del auge del nazismo y del Európában a nácizmus és az antiszemitizmus antisemitismo en Europa, se promulgaron una se- megerősödése mellett, számos olyan törvényt rie de leyes en Hungría contra la población judía hírdettek ki Magyarországon, amelyek szörnyű que les impuso unas condiciones terribles. Así lo helyzetbe hozták a zsidó lakosságot. Katarina Bohrer, narra la superviviente judía húngara Katarina Bo- egy túlélő magyar zsidó így meséli el: hrer: „ […] Például, a gimnáziumban egy osztályban csak ”[…] Por ejemplo, en el instituto, en la clase no podía 6-7 zsidó származású diák tanulhatott. Ez volt a haber más de 6 ó 7 estudiantes judíos. -
Carl Lutz and His Forgotten Mission to Save the Jews of Budapest During the Second World War
Lifting the Veil of Silence: Carl Lutz and His Forgotten Mission to Save the Jews of Budapest During the Second World War Carl Lutz at the bomb-ravaged British legation after the liberation of Budapest, February 1945. https://www.google.com/search?q=carl+lutz&rlz=1C5CHFA_enNL867GB871&sxsrf=ALeKk02c2P37kIVg0thRTifP6_w0j0EBIA:1592232367555&source=lnms&tbm=isch&sa=X&ved=2ahUKEwjWzqvlh4TqAhWyqHEKHcwID WYQ_AUoAXoECCEQAw&biw=1437&bih=744#imgrc=FWicMufi2jK1iM Brandon K. Shuler Brandon K. Shuler s2686058 PCNI MA History Master Thesis Leiden University Supervisor: Dr. A. Heyer Second Reader: Dr. B.E. van der Boom Acknowledgements I would like to extend my sincerest gratitude to my thesis supervisor Anne Heyer whose open- mindedness and positive encouragement enabled and emboldened me to pursue a topic outside her immediate area of historical expertise. Finally, I want to take this opportunity to express the profound gratefulness and indebtedness I owe my family. Their unfailing support and advice over the past five years is what made the completion of my master thesis and degree possible. I must especially thank my mother for providing and assisting me with her aptitude in languages and my father who, besides being my principal source of advice and proofreading, set me on my path by instilling in me his love of history. Table of Contents Introduction ..................................................................................................................................... 1 Chapter I The Man and the Mission ........................................................................................... -
Ignoramus Et Ignorabimus: German Sociologist Peter Ullrich Will Never Know If Left-Wing Antisemitism Really Exists
Ignoramus et ignorabimus: German sociologist Peter Ullrich will never know if left-wing antisemitism really exists The Times of Israel, October 16, 2013 The Center for Research on Antisemitism (ZfA) at Technical University in Berlin has generated a long list of controversies in recent years, take the views of its former head Wolfgang Benz for example. In 2011 he was followed by historian Stefanie Schueler-Springorum, a newcomer in the field of research on antisemitism. On November 8–9, 2013, Schueler-Springorum, the Jewish Museum Berlin, and the foundation Remembrance, Responsibility, and Future (EVZ) will hold an international conference dedicated to antisemitism in Europe today. Among many very troubling speakers at this event, one new German voice will be heard: Peter Ullrich. Ullrich, born 1976, is a sociologist, and recently employed as a co-worker in a project of the Center for Research on Antisemitism (ZfA). In October 2013, he published a book (in German) by well-known publishing house Wallstein dedicated to the analysis of left-wing antisemitism, Germans, Israel, Palestine, and remembrance of the Holocaust. In his book, Peter Ullrich attacks political scientist Samuel Salzborn (born 1977), who is a professor at Goettingen University, and historian Sebastian Voigt, for their criticism of left-wing antisemitism. In 2011, Salzborn and Voigt published an article about troubling tendencies in the party of the Left in Germany, Die Linke. For example, two Members of Parliament and one former Member of Parliament, Inge Höger, Annette Groth, and Norman Paech, respectively, were on the Mavi Marmara in May 2010. This terror vessel was part of the so-called Gaza Flotilla, dedicated to ending the blockade of the Hamas-ruled Gaza strip and to destabilizing Israel. -
April 15, 2018 Dear Cornell Class of '55, I Can't Imagine My Experience
April 15, 2018 Dear Cornell Class of ‘55, I can’t imagine my experience at Cornell being complete without studying abroad for Psychology of the Holocaust. For a few weeks, the museums and memorials of Vienna, Prague, Krakow, and Budapest were my classroom, and the things I learned go beyond school. We engaged with heavy content, that which makes you come face to face with the worst of humanity. Whether it was a trip to perhaps the most infamous concentration camp, Auschwitz, or to the forgotten town of Lidice, everything we encountered was deeply humbling. Reading about the suffering of Holocaust victims is incomparable to walking where they walked. And yet, there were many times I was hopeful; when I was reminded, by the stories of rescuers who risked their lives to save others, of our species’ infinite capacity for good. It was the actions of these individuals—among them Carl Lutz, Raoul Wallenberg, Irena Sendler—that have once again sparked my interest in diplomacy and international humanitarian work. I am grateful to have been able to take this abroad course as a sophomore, because I will have more time to explore the avenues of knowledge that were just opened to me. Regardless of my eventual career and where I end up, I am certain that I will be thinking and learning new things in retrospect about this trip for the rest of my life. On few occasions have I been so busy. There was so much to do and see that it seemed we were constantly up and moving. -
Powder Coated Capital Partners, Which Has Invested $1 Billion in a Good Classic Needn’T Be Typecast
WIDER DABAH CIRCLE DABAH JEWEL TONE E-COMMERCE SERVICE DUO JEWELRY DESIGNER HAIM DABAH FIRM SHOPRUNNER ADDS BAO BAO WAN UNVEILS LAUNCHES HDS RETAIL PARTNERS, FROM A COLOR COSMETICS CAPITAL WITH HIS BERGDORF GOODMAN COLLECTION WITH MAC. SON TO INVEST IN TO TORY BURCH. PAGE 2 PAGE 2 TECH START-UPS. PAGE 3 BRANDS RUSH IN Oil-Rich Kazakhstan’s Growing Luxury World By JOELLE DIDERICH ALMATY, Kazakhstan — High above the smog of Almaty stands the 37-story Esentai Tower, providing unparalleled views of the snowcapped Tien Shan mountain range that borders Kazakhstan’s most pop- ulous city. THURSDAY, NOVEMBER 6, 2014 ■ $3.00 ■ WOMEN’S WEAR DAILY Central Asia’s tallest building, which sits in an WWD area often rocked by earthquakes, refl ects both the ambitions of real estate developer Capital Partners and the country’s thriving market for luxury goods. The tower was designed by Skidmore, Owings & Merrill, the American architects behind the Burj Khalifa in Dubai. The mixed-use Esentai Park complex has brought an unprecedented level of opulence to the former Soviet city, from the Esentai Mall and its gleaming Louis Vuitton, Prada and Dior stores to the year-old Ritz-Carlton, Almaty hotel, not to mention the luxury condominiums that sold for $15,000 a square meter, rivaling real estate prices in the most coveted neigh- borhoods of Paris. The mall, which celebrated its second anniversary late last month with a glittering party, is about to un- dergo a further upgrade as the battle for the local lux- ury customer heats up against a backdrop of economic uncertainty in neighboring Russia. -
TEACHING NIGHT in the SECONDARY CLASSROOM By
TEACHING NIGHT IN THE SECONDARY CLASSROOM by Dyanne K. Loput A Thesis Submitted to the Faculty of The Dorothy F. Schmidt College of Arts and Letters in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree of Master of Arts Florida Atlantic University Boca Raton, Florida August 2010 Copyright by Dyanne K. Loput 2010 ii ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS The author wishes to express her sincere thanks to Dr. Alan L. Berger for his guidance, encouragement, patience, expertise, and profound brilliance throughout the writing of this manuscript. The author is also grateful to Dr. Miriam Klein Kassenoff for offering the Holocaust Institute, a program that provides educators with a springboard for the knowledge and resources they need to teach Holocaust literature effectively. Additionally, Dr. Barclay Barrios’s and Professor Papatya Bucak’s guidance and inspiration in teaching analytical and creative writing are very much appreciated. iv ABSTRACT Author: Dyanne K. Loput Title: Teaching Night in the Secondary Classroom Institution: Florida Atlantic University Thesis Advisor: Dr. Alan L. Berger Degree: Master of Arts in Teaching English Year: 2010 As a secondary-level educator of literature and writing, I have observed the fundamental need for a sensitive, well-developed curriculum in the art of teaching Eliezer Wiesel’s Night to high school students. This thesis contextualizes Wiesel’s memoir by examining the history of Jewish persecution, the Holocaust itself, and Wiesel’s background. Educational strategies and activities that use both literary analysis and creative writing to engender a comprehensive and thorough realization of the history as expressed through the literature are elucidated. Additionally, several ways in which teachers may lead students to examine the effects, implications, and ramifications of Wiesel’s legacy are supplied. -
Vergangenheit Darf Nicht Totgeschwiegen Werden
Gastbeitrag von OE: Vergangenheit darf nicht totgeschwiegen werden Am 27. Januar 2015 jährt sich der Tag der Befreiung so vieler Menschen aus dem Konzentrationslager Auschwitz zum siebzigsten Mal. In den folgenden Monaten 1945 wurden die Überlebenden auch aus den anderen Konzentrationslagern befreit. Sechs Millionen Juden waren ermordet worden. Welche das große Glück hatten, wieder frei zu kommen, wussten zwar, dass sie überlebt haben, jedoch wussten sie nicht, was sie nun erwartete. Fanden sie vielleicht noch die Partnerin oder den Partner, waren da vielleicht noch Geschwister oder andere Verwandte, gab es noch vereinzelt einen guten alten Freund oder einen der damals in der NS-Zeit seltenen guten Kollegen oder der ganz wenigen ehemaligen hilfreichen Nachbarn? Diese bangen Fragen wurden nicht immer schnell beantwortet. Oft vergingen Monate oder Jahre, oft fanden die Menschen, die das unvorstellbare Leid in den Konzentrationslagern überlebt hatten, kaum jemanden, der ihnen nahe stand. Wo war wer geblieben? Glückliches Wiedersehen Anfang der 1950er Jahre ging ich in Düsseldorf mit meiner Mutter durch den Kaufhof. Vor der Uhren-Abteilung blieb meine Mutter plötzlich stehen, fasste mich am Arm und sagte: „Da steht ein älterer Herr. Ich glaube, den kenne ich von früher. Vielleicht ist das Herr Dalibor !“ „Wer ist Herr Dalibor ?“, fragte ich meine Mutter. „Herr Dalibor ist ein früherer Mitarbeiter im Uhrengeschäft, in dem ich bis 1938 gearbeitet habe. Ich habe ihn damals das letzte Mal gesehen ! Wenn es wirklich Herr Dalibor ist, würde ich mich sehr freuen ! Er ist Jude ! Ein sehr freundlicher Herr ! Ich muss unbedingt wissen, ob er es ist !“ Dann ging meine Mutter auf eine Verkäuferin in der Abteilung zu und fragte sie: „Der ältere Herr in Ihrer Abteilung: Ist das vielleicht Herr Dalibor ?“ Die Verkäuferin nickte überrascht. -
HANAN 2 Chedet.Co.Cc February 19, 2009 by Dr. Mahathir Mohamad
HANAN 2 Chedet.co.cc February 19, 2009 By Dr. Mahathir Mohamad Dear Hanan, 1. I think I cannot convince you on anything simply because your perception of things is not based on logic or reason but merely on your strong belief that you are always right, even if the whole world says you are wrong. 2. Jews have lived with Muslims in Muslim countries for centuries without any serious problem. 3. On the other hand in Europe, Jews were persecuted. Every now and again there would be pogroms when the Europeans would massacre Jews. The Holocaust did not happen in Muslim countries. Muslims may discriminate against Jews but did not massacre them. 4. But now you are fighting the largely Muslim Palestinians. It cannot be because of religious differences or the killing of Jews living among them. It must be because you have taken their land and expelled them from their homeland. It is therefore not a religious war. But of course as you seek sympathisers from among the non-Muslims, the Palestinians seek sympathisers among the Muslims. That still does not make the war a religious war. 5. Whether you speak Hebrew or not is not relevant. Lots of people who are not English speak English. They don't belong to England. For centuries you could speak Hebrew but remained Germans, British, French, Russians etc. 6. Lots of Jews cannot speak Hebrew but they are still Jews. Merely being able to speak Hebrew does not entitle you to claim Palestine. 7. The Jews had lived in Europe for centuries. -
Daniel Stahl. Nazi-Jagd: Südamerikas Diktaturen Und Die Ahndung Von NS-Verbrechen
Daniel Stahl. Nazi-Jagd: Südamerikas Diktaturen und die Ahndung von NS-Verbrechen. Göttingen: Wallstein-Verlag. 2013. Reviewed by: Christiane Grieb, UCL Stahl’s Nazi-Jagd (Nazi Hunt) investigates the responses of South American governments to international requests for cooperation in the search for Nazi war criminals from 1945 through 2011. The Allied war crimes trial programs in Europe were largely limited to the trial of those Nazis identified and arrested in Allied detention centres in Europe. About many of the most atrocious war crimes and its perpetrators though, the public learned of only years or even decades later, and owed only to the locating or capture of Nazis like Mengele, Eichmann, Priebke or Barbie in South American countries. Previous research on escaped Nazi war criminals often focused on: the clandestine organisation of networks (ODESSA) that helped war criminals to thwart prosecution, provided fastidiously reconstructed operations of ‘ratlines’ out of Allied occupied Europe and into the safe havens of South America. Other more recent biographical studies crafted accounts of the social-nationalist careers and personal lives of war criminals in hiding. The German-based historian Daniel Stahl now complements these insights with his studies of judicial attempts to locate and to bring to justice those Nazi war criminals who had escaped to South America. Most capturing are his accounts of the resistance and diplomatic jiggery-pokery that West German prosecutors faced in South America. For decades, the majority of these efforts were foiled and Nazi war criminals could live unmolested in South America. Stahl did not just offer narratives of events, but in fact sought to establish an historical account of the achievements and failures to identify and repatriate Nazi war criminals for trial for a period of 50 years. -
Historical Memory and History in the Memoirs of Iraqi Jews*
Historical Memory and History in the Memoirs of Iraqi Jews* Mark R. Cohen Memoirs, History, and Historical Memory Following their departure en masse from their homeland in the middle years of the twentieth century, Jews from Iraq produced a small library of memoirs, in English, French, Hebrew, and Arabic. These works reveal much about the place of Arab Jews in that Muslim society, their role in public life, their relations with Muslims, their involvement in Arab culture, the crises that led to their departure from a country in which they had lived for centuries, and, finally, their life in the lands of their dispersion. The memoirs are complemented by some documentary films. The written sources have aroused the interest of historians and scholars of literature, though not much attention has been paid to them as artifacts of historical memory.1 That is the subject of the present essay. Jews in the Islamic World before the Twentieth Century Most would agree, despite vociferous demurrer in certain "neo-lachrymose" circles, that, especially compared to the bleaker history of Jews living in Christian lands, Jews lived fairly securely during the early, or classical, Islamic * In researching and writing this paper I benefited from conversations and correspondence with Professors Sasson Somekh, Orit Bashkin, and Lital Levy and with Mr. Ezra Zilkha. Though a historian of Jews in the Islamic world in the Middle Ages, I chose to write on a literary topic in honor of Tova Rosen, who has contributed so much to our knowledge of another branch of Jewish literature written by Arab Jews. -
Reflections of Children in Holocaust Art (Essay) Josh Freedman Pnina Rosenberg 98 Shoshana (Poem) 47 the Blue Parakeet (Poem) Reva Sharon Julie N
p r an interdisciplinary journal for holocaust educators • a rothman foundation publication ism • an interdisciplinary journal for holocaust educators AN INTERDISCIPLINARY JOURNAL FOR HOLOCAUST EDUCATORS E DITORS: DR. KAREN SHAWN, Yeshiva University, NY, NY DR. JEFFREY GLANZ, Yeshiva University, NY, NY EDITORIAL BOARD: DARRYLE CLOTT, Viterbo University, La Crosse, WI yeshiva university • azrieli graduate school of jewish education and administration DR. KEREN GOLDFRAD, Bar-Ilan University, Israel BRANA GUREWITSCH, Museum of Jewish Heritage– A Living Memorial to the Holocaust, NY, NY DR. DENNIS KLEIN, Kean University, NJ DR. MARCIA SACHS LiTTELL, School of Graduate Studies, The Richard Stockton College of New Jersey DR. ROBERT ROZETT, Yad Vashem DR. DAVID ScHNALL, Yeshiva University, NY, NY DR. WiLLIAM SHULMAN, Director, Association of Holocaust Organizations DR. SAMUEL TOTTEN, University of Arkansas, Fayetteville DR. WiLLIAM YOUNGLOVE, California State University Long Beach ART EDITOR: DR. PNINA ROSENBERG, Ghetto Fighters’ Museum, Western Galilee POETRY EDITOR: DR. CHARLES AdÉS FiSHMAN, Emeritus Distinguished Professor, State University of New York ADVISORY BOARD: STEPHEN FEINBERG, United States Holocaust Memorial Museum DR. HANITA KASS, Educational Consultant DR. YAACOV LOZOWICK, Historian YITZCHAK MAIS, Historian, Museum Consultant GERRY MELNICK, Kean University, NJ RABBI DR. BERNHARD ROSENBERG, Congregation Beth-El, Edison; NJ State Holocaust Commission member MARK SARNA, Second Generation, Real Estate Developer, Attorney DR. DAVID SiLBERKLANG, Yad Vashem SIMCHA STEIN, Ghetto Fighters’ Museum, Western Galilee TERRI WARMBRAND, Kean University, NJ fall 2009 • volume 1, issue 1 DR. BERNARD WEINSTEIN, Kean University, NJ DR. EFRAIM ZuROFF, Simon Wiesenthal Center, Jerusalem AZRIELI GRADUATE SCHOOL DEPARTMENT EDITORS: DR. SHANI BECHHOFER DR. CHAIM FEUERMAN DR. ScOTT GOLDBERG DR.