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July 26, 2011 u vol. 108 u no. 30 u 12187–12560 Cover image: Pictured is a Tasmanian devil (Sarcophilus harrisii), a carnivorous marsupial whose numbers are dwindling due to an infectious facial cancer called Devil Facial Tumor Disease. Webb Miller et al. sequenced the genome of devils from northwest and south- east Tasmania, spanning the range of this threatened species on the Australian island. The authors report that the sequences reveal a worrisome dearth of genetic diversity among devils, suggesting the need for genetically characterized stocks to help breed hardier devils that might be better equipped to fight diseases. See the article by Miller et al. on pages 12348–12353. Image courtesy of Stephan C. Schuster. From the Cover 12348 Decoding the Tasmanian devil genome 12283 Illuminating chromosomal architecture 12295 Symmetry of cultured cells 12319 Caloric restriction and infertility 12366 Genetic diversity among ants Contents COMMENTARIES 12189 Methyl fingerprinting of the nucleosome reveals the molecular mechanism of high-mobility group THIS WEEK IN PNAS nucleosomal-2 (HMGN2) association Catherine A. Musselman and Tatiana G. Kutateladze See companion article on page 12283 12187 In This Issue 12191 Examining the establishment of cellular axes using intrinsic chirality LETTERS (ONLINE ONLY) Jason C. McSheene and Rebecca D. Burdine See companion article on page 12295 E341 Difference between restoring and predicting 3D 12193 Secrets of palm oil biosynthesis revealed structures of the loops in G-protein–coupled Toni Voelker receptors by molecular modeling See companion article on page 12527 Gregory V. Nikiforovich, Christina M. Taylor, Garland R. Marshall, and Thomas J. Baranski E342 Reply to Nikiforovich et al.: Restoration of the loop regions of G-protein–coupled receptors Dahlia A. -
REAL-TIME IMAGING of NITRIC OXIDE (NO) SIGNALS DERIVED from DIFFERENTIALLY TARGETED ENDOTHELIAL NITRIC OXIDE SYNTHASES (Enos) USING GENETICALLY ENCODED BIOSENSORS
T.C. BIRUNI UNIVERSITY INSTITUTE OF GRADUATE EDUCATION DEPARTMENT OF MOLECULAR BIOLOGY AND GENETICS MOLECULAR AND MEDICAL GENETICS GRADUATE PROGRAM REAL-TIME IMAGING OF NITRIC OXIDE (NO) SIGNALS DERIVED FROM DIFFERENTIALLY TARGETED ENDOTHELIAL NITRIC OXIDE SYNTHASES (eNOS) USING GENETICALLY ENCODED BIOSENSORS Mete Emir ÖZGÜRSES ADVISOR Asst. Prof. Dr. Emrah EROĞLU July, 2020 T.C. BIRUNI UNIVERSITY INSTITUTE OF GRADUATE EDUCATION DEPARTMENT OF MOLECULAR BIOLOGY AND GENETICS MOLECULAR AND MEDICAL GENETICS GRADUATE PROGRAM REAL-TIME IMAGING OF NITRIC OXIDE (NO) SIGNALS DERIVED FROM DIFFERENTIALLY TARGETED ENDOTHELIAL NITRIC OXIDE SYNTHASES (eNOS) USING GENETICALLY ENCODED BIOSENSORS Mete Emir ÖZGÜRSES ADVISOR Asst. Prof. Dr. Emrah EROĞLU July, 2020 III DECLARATION I declare that I have designed and performed all experiments in the current study entitled “Real-time imaging of nitric oxide (NO) signals derived from differentially targeted endothelial nitric oxide synthases (eNOS) using genetically encoded biosensors” according to good scientific practices. I obtained all the information contained in this thesis under academic and ethical rules. All the information I have used from secondary literature has been respectively referenced. I also declare that have not violated any patents and copyrights during the preparation and writing of this thesis. Mete Emir Ozgurses IV To all human being, V ACKNOWLEDGEMENT I would like to express my deepest gratitude to everyone who has supported me through this thesis. Firstly, I would like to thank Asst. Prof. Emrah Eroğlu for allowing me to work in his lab. He has guided me throughout the project both by challenging me to be more competent in science and by sharing his instructive ideas. -
SCIENCE and SUSTAINABILITY Impacts of Scientific Knowledge and Technology on Human Society and Its Environment
EM AD IA C S A C I A E PONTIFICIAE ACADEMIAE SCIENTIARVM ACTA 24 I N C T I I F A I R T V N Edited by Werner Arber M O P Joachim von Braun Marcelo Sánchez Sorondo SCIENCE and SUSTAINABILITY Impacts of Scientific Knowledge and Technology on Human Society and Its Environment Plenary Session | 25-29 November 2016 Casina Pio IV | Vatican City LIBRERIA EDITRICE VATICANA VATICAN CITY 2020 Science and Sustainability. Impacts of Scientific Knowledge and Technology on Human Society and its Environment Pontificiae Academiae Scientiarvm Acta 24 The Proceedings of the Plenary Session on Science and Sustainability. Impacts of Scientific Knowledge and Technology on Human Society and its Environment 25-29 November 2016 Edited by Werner Arber Joachim von Braun Marcelo Sánchez Sorondo EX AEDIBVS ACADEMICIS IN CIVITATE VATICANA • MMXX The Pontifical Academy of Sciences Casina Pio IV, 00120 Vatican City Tel: +39 0669883195 • Fax: +39 0669885218 Email: [email protected] • Website: www.pas.va The opinions expressed with absolute freedom during the presentation of the papers of this meeting, although published by the Academy, represent only the points of view of the participants and not those of the Academy. ISBN 978-88-7761-113-0 © Copyright 2020 All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted in any form, or by any means, electronic, mechanical, recording, pho- tocopying or otherwise without the expressed written permission of the publisher. PONTIFICIA ACADEMIA SCIENTIARVM LIBRERIA EDITRICE VATICANA VATICAN CITY The climate is a common good, belonging to all and meant for all. -
Dr. Salvador Moncada
Sección Gremial Miembro Honorario de la Asociación Hondureña de Neurología, de la Sociedad Hondurena de Epilepsia y de la Federación Centroamericana DR. SALVADOR de Neurología MONCADA El Dr. Salvador Moneada ha de Diciembre de 1944, es, según investigación científica, más de sido electo la revista británica el Scientist, 10 libros científicos, siendo Miembro Honorario de la uno de los 1000 investigadores Doctor en Farmacología y Asociación Hondurena de más citado, de todos los Doctor en Ciencias de la Neurología, de la Sociedad tiempos, por los científicos del Universidad de Londres y Hondurena de Epilepsia y de la mundo, habiendo logrado más teniendo más de 10 doctorados Federación Centroamericana de de 60 premios, incluido el Honoris Causa en Europa, Neurología Premio Príncipe de Asturias Estados Unidos y América Dicho reconocimiento se llevó a 1990 y siendo candidato al Latina. Es el fundador y Direc- cabo durante el Congreso Premio Nobel de Medicina, por tor del Proyecto Cruciforme del Internacional de sus investigaciones, entre las University College London, NEUROCIENCIAS que lleva su cuales están el descubrimiento Londres, Inglaterra. La estatura nombre, realizado en el Hotel del óxido nítrico, de la científica del Dr. Moneada es un Honduras Maya el 18 de agosto tromboxano sintetasa, la fiel ejemplo del legado de de 1997. prostaciclina. nuestros proceres, el Sabio José Cecilio del Valle y Ramón Rosal El Dr. Salvador Moneada nació El Dr. Moneada ha publicado en Tegucigalpa, Honduras, el 3 más de 500 artículos de CURRICULUM VITAE NOMBRE Salvador Moneada LUGAR Y FECHA DE Tegucigalpa, Honduras, 3 de Diciembre, 1944. NACIMIENTO DIRECCIÓN The Cruciform Project, University College London, 140 Tottenham Court Road, London W1P9LN. -
Masthead (PDF)
PRESIDENT OF Cellular and Developmental Rudolf Jaenisch Physics THE ACADEMY Biology Mary-Claire King Curtis G. Callan, Jr. Ralph J. Cicerone C. David Allis Jasper Rine Anthony Leggett Donald D. Brown Reed B. Wickner Paul C. Martin EDITOR-IN-CHIEF Eric H. Davidson Geology José N. Onuchic Randy Schekman Brigid L. M. Hogan W. G. Ernst Eric N. Olson Physiology and ASSOCIATE EDITORS James P. Kennett Michael Rosbash Pharmacology David Chandler Geophysics David D. Sabatini Richard W. Aldrich Alan Fersht Mark H. Thiemens Gertrud M. Schüpbach Susan G. Amara Jack Halpern Human Environmental David Julius Cellular and Molecular Dolores R. Piperno Sciences Arthur Karlin Neuroscience Solomon H. Snyder Ruth S. DeFries Ramón Latorre Pietro V. De Camilli B. L. Turner II Susan Hanson Peter K. Vogt Richard L. Huganir Plant Biology Susan R. Wessler L. L. Iversen Immunology David Baulcombe Yuh-Nung Jan Peter Cresswell Anthony R. Cashmore SPECIAL FEATURE EDITOR Eve Marder Douglas T. Fearon Maarten J. Chrispeels Steven D. Gaines Jeremy Nathans Tak Wah Mak Enrico Coen Charles F. Stevens Philippa Marrack Joseph R. Ecker EDITORIAL BOARD Thomas C. Südhof William E. Paul Robert Haselkorn Animal, Nutritional, and Joseph S. Takahashi Ralph M. Steinman June B. Nasrallah Applied Microbial Sciences Richard W. Tsien Tadatsugu Taniguchi Plant, Soil, and David L. Denlinger Arthur Weiss Chemistry Microbial Sciences R. Michael Roberts Mathematics Stephen J. Benkovic Roger N. Beachy Linda J. Saif Richard V. Kadison Harry B. Gray James C. Carrington Ryuzo Yanagimachi Robion C. Kirby Michael L. Klein Brian J. Staskawicz Anthropology Raphael D. Levine Medical Genetics, Richard G. Klein Jerrold Meinwald Hematology, and Psychological and Cognitive C. -
Looking Back at the Early Times of Redox Biology Author: Leopold Flohé
Preprints (www.preprints.org) | NOT PEER-REVIEWED | Posted: 26 October 2020 doi:10.20944/preprints202010.0511.v1 1 Title: Looking back at the early times of redox biology Author: Leopold Flohé Affiliations: Dipartimento di Medicina Molecolare, Università degli Studi di Padova, v.le G. Colombo 3, 35121 Padova (Italy) and Departamento de Bioquímica, Universidad de la República, Avda. General Flores 2125, 11800 Montevideo (Uruguay) E-mail: [email protected] Abstract: The beginnings of redox biology are recalled with special emphasis on formation, metabolism and function of reactive oxygen and nitrogen species in mammalian systems. The review covers the early history of heme peroxidases and the metabolism of hydrogen peroxide, the discovery of selenium as integral part of glutathione peroxidases, which expanded the scope of the field to other hydroperoxides including lipid hydroperoxide, the discovery of superoxide dismutases and superoxide radicals in biological systems and their role in host defense, tissue damage, metabolic regulation and signaling, the identification of the endothelial-derived relaxing factor as the nitrogen monoxide radical and its physiological and pathological implications. The article highlights the perception of hydrogen peroxide and other hydroperoxides as signaling molecules, which marks the beginning of the flourishing fields of redox regulation and redox signaling. Final comments describe the development of the redox language. In the 18th and 19th century, it was highly individualized and hard to translate into modern terminology. In the 20th century, the redox language co-developed with the chemical terminology and became clearer. More recently, the introduction and inflationary use of poorly defined terms has unfortunately impaired the understanding of redox events in biological systems. -
Strengthening Science Across Europe the EMBO Strategy
ISSUE 7 AUTUMN | WINTER 2006 promoting excellence in the molecular life sciences in europe message from embo executive director Strengthening science across Europe The EMBO strategy EMBO was established over 40 to take place in Estonia. These events provide highlights in this issue years ago to promote molecu- fertile ground for discussions on the needs of 2006 EMBO Members 2 lar biology in Europe. The the scientifi c community in this region. In this organisation’s interpretation way, EMBO ensures its activities are spread Frank Uhlmann wins of “Europe” in this mission is throughout all of its member states. EMBO Gold Medal 3 important and has evolved in This pattern of bringing EMBO into coun- line with changes in the economy, geography tries on the curve of scientifi c development will and science. EMBO’s strategy today is very continue. In recent years, the most signifi cant much inclusive, not only supporting the best European initiative in this area has been the research in the strongest scientifi c countries, launch of EMBO Installation Grants. The new but also working to raise standards throughout scheme aims to strengthen science in particu- all of Europe. lar countries, offering an attractive funding and So how does this work in practice? EMBO networking package to encourage scientists Short-Term Fellowships have been networking to relocate and establish their groups there. 2006 EMBO Young Investigators 5 scientists for 40 years, providing an excellent The scheme was launched after considerable source of advanced training and contacts for analysis, including a survey of EMBO Fellows, Spotlight on EMBO less well-known research groups. -
EMBC Annual Report 2008
EMBO | EMBC annual report 2008 EUROPEAN MOLECULAR BIOLOGY ORGANIZATION | EUROPEAN MOLECULAR BIOLOGY CONFERENCE EMBO | EMBC table of contents introduction preface by Hermann Bujard, EMBO 5 preface by Tim Hunt, EMBO Council 8 preface by Peter Weisbeek & Krešimir Pavelić, EMBC 9 past & present timeline & brief history 12 EMBO | EMBC | EMBL aims 14 EMBO actions 2008 17 EMBC actions 2008 21 EMBO & EMBC programmes and activities fellowship programme 24 courses & workshops programme 25 young investigator programme 26 installation grants 27 science & society programme 28 EMBO activities The EMBO Journal 32 EMBO reports 33 Molecular Systems Biology 34 EMBO Molecular Medicine 35 journal subject categories 36 national science reviews 37 The EMBO Meeting 38 women in science 39 gold medal 40 award for communication in the life sciences 41 plenary lectures 42 information support & resources 43 public relations & communications 44 European Life Sciences Forum (ELSF) 45 ➔ 2 table of contents appendix EMBC delegates and advisers 48 EMBC scale of contributions 55 EMBO council members 2008 56 EMBO committee members & auditors 2008 57 EMBO council members 2009 58 EMBO committee members & auditors 2009 59 EMBO members elected in 2008 60 advisory editorial boards & senior editors 2008 72 long-term fellowship awards 2008 76 long-term fellowships: statistics 94 long-term fellowships 2008: geographical distribution 96 short-term fellowship awards 2008 98 short-term fellowships: statistics 116 short-term fellowships 2008: geographical distribution 118 young investigators -
EMBO Facts & Figures 2012
excellence in life sciences excellence in life sciences young investigators|courses,workshops,conference series & symposia|installation grantees|long-term fellows|short-term fellows|policy, science & society|the EMBO Journal|EMBO reports|molecular systems biology|EMBO molecular medicine|global exchange|gold medal|the EMBO meeting|women in science| EMBO reports|molecular systems biology|EMBO molecular medicine|global exchange|gold medal|the EMBO meeting|women in science|young investigators|courses,workshops,conference series & symposia|installation grantees|long-term fellows|short-term fellows|policy, science & society|the EMBO Journal| global exchange|gold medal|the EMBO meeting|women in science|young investigators|long-term fellows|short-term fellows|policy, science & society|the EMBO Journal|courses,workshops,conference series & symposia|EMBO reports|molecular systems biology|EMBO molecular medicine|installation grantees| EMBO molecular medicine|installation grantees|long-term fellows|gold medal|molecular systems biology|short-term fellows|the EMBO meeting|women in science|youngReykjavik investigators|courses,workshops,conference series & symposia|global exchange|EMBO reports|policy, science & society|the EMBO Journal| gold medal|the EMBO meeting|women in science|young investigators|courses,workshops,conference series & symposia|global exchange|policy, science & society|the EMBO Journal|EMBO reports|molecular systems biology|EMBO molecular medicine|installation grantees|long-term fellows|short-term fellows| courses,workshops,conference -
The Physiologist
The A Publication of The American Physiological Society Physiologist Volume 40 Number 6 December 1997 Experimental Biology and NASA in the Twenty-First Century Inside Daniel S. Goldin, NASA Administrator XXXIII IUPS As I talk about experimental biology, I would like Congress to tell a story. Out of the dark nothingness, the uni- verse exploded. There was force and fury, and in p. 282 minutes the first nuclei formed out of the plasma. It took about 200,000 years of expansion and con- tinual cooling until the temperature dropped to 1998 Officers 4,000ºK and hydrogen and helium atoms began to and Committees form. All of a sudden, once they formed, the uni- verse became transparent. It had been opaque; it p. 287 was literally optically opaque. The cooling contin- ued. There were some slight perturbations we have picked up with the Cosmic Background Explorer Experimental spacecraft, but we cannot correlate the level of Biology Preview fluctuations we have seen with the fact that con- p. 294 densation started and galaxies and stars formed. That is to be left to further exercises. We have a lot of work to do on that. At this point, stars ignited and began to form Daniel S. Goldin Call for fusion factories. They aged, and the more they Nominations: aged, the higher the temperatures got. We began to giant stars blew up, and the interstellar medium Editorship get heavier elements. We had massive explosions, became richer and richer. With our advanced tele- of AJP: Heart with these aging stars exploding on themselves, scopes over the last decade, we have picked up and it threw this material out. -
Rethinking Mental Disorders
SUMMER 2011 encounters Newsletter of the European Molecular Biology Organization Rethinking mental disorders Nikolas Rose from the BIOS Centre at the London School of the world – suggests that 25 per cent of adults not currently receiving Economics talks about how a mental disorder is defi ned, how psychiatric treatment could be diagnosed for mental disorders at any psychiatry is infl uenced by neurosciences and the controversial time; and the WHO predicts that by the year 2020 depression will be revision of the manual of psychiatric diagnosis. Rose is keynote one of the leading causes of ill health. speaker at Making sense of mental illness: biology, medicine and society, the EMBO | EMBL Science & Society Conference to be held What caused such an explosion? in Heidelberg from 4–5 November. This is a matter of dispute. Is there genuinely so much mental ill health? Are the fi gures a result of fl awed research methods? Are they a Nikolas, how big is the impact of mental health issues on consequence of increased recognition fuelled by awareness campaigns, today’s society? some funded by those that stand to gain? Or does this have something There is an increasing belief among professionals and lay persons to do with the diagnostic procedures themselves? Even minor mental that many troubles of everyday life, as well as more serious problems, troubles now come within the scope of psychiatric diagnostic manu- result from mental disorders. Policy makers are particularly concerned als. The American Psychiatric Association – currently revising the that mental illness not only produces distress for individuals and their Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (see info box) families, but also leads to the loss of many working days and is costly – is coming to the view that one should move away from categorical for social and health services. -
Marcadores Moleculares Nos Cânceres De Mama E Cervical: Análises in Silico E in Vitro
UNIVERSIDADE FEDERAL DE PERNAMBUCO, LABORATÓRIO DE IMUNOPATOLOGIA KEIZO ASAMI ANA CECÍLIA DE ALBUQUERQUE OLIVEIRA MARCADORES MOLECULARES NOS CÂNCERES DE MAMA E CERVICAL: ANÁLISES IN SILICO E IN VITRO Recife 2018 ANA CECÍLIA DE ALBUQUERQUE OLIVEIRA MARCADORES MOLECULARES NOS CÂNCERES DE MAMA E CERVICAL: ANÁLISES IN SILICO E IN VITRO Tese apresentada ao Programa de Pós-Graduação em Biologia Aplicada à Saúde, da Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, como requisito parcial para obten- ção do título de Doutor em Biologia Aplicada à Saúde. Área de concentração: Biologia Aplicada à Saúde Orientador: Prof. Dr. José Luiz de Lima Filho Coorientador: Prof a. Dr a. Danyelly Bruneska Gondim Martins Recife 2018 Catalogação na fonte: Bibliotecário Bruno Márcio Gouveia - CRB-4/1788 Oliveira, Ana Cecília de Albuquerque Marcadores moleculares nos cânceres de mama e cervical : análises in silico e in vitro / Ana Cecília de Albuquerque Oliveira. – 2018. 99 f. : il. Orientador: José Luiz de Lima Filho. Coorientadora: Danyelly Bruneska Gondim Martins. Tese (doutorado) – Universidade Federal de Pernambuco. Centro de Biociências. Programa de Pós-graduação em Biologia Aplicada à Saúde, Recife, 2018. Inclui referências e apêndices. 1. Mamas – Câncer. 2. Útero – Câncer. I. Lima Filho, José Luiz de (orient.). II. Martins, Danyelly Bruneska Gondim (coorient.). III. Título. 616.994 CDD (22.ed.) UFPE/CB – 2018 - 246 ANA CECÍLIA DE ALBUQUERQUE OLIVEIRA MARCADORES MOLECULARES NOS CÂNCERES DE MAMA E CERVICAL: ANÁLISES IN SILICO E IN VITRO Tese apresentada ao Programa de Pós-Graduação em Biologia Aplicada à Saúde, da Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, como requisito parcial para obten- ção do título de Doutor em Biologia Aplicada à Saúde.