DOCSLIB.ORG

Túúttúnnapen Chuuk: Retelling Chuukese Stories in the Digital Age

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
Túúttúnnapen Chuuk: Retelling Chuukese Stories in the Digital Age TÚÚTTÚNNAPEN CHUUK: RETELLING CHUUKESE STORIES IN THE DIGITAL AGE A DISSERTATION SUBMITTED TO THE GRADUATE DIVISION OF THE UNIVERSITY OF HAWAI‘I AT MĀNOA IN PARTIAL FULFILLMENT OF THE REQUIREMENTS FOR THE DEGREE OF DOCTOR OF PHILOSOPHY IN EDUCATION AUGUST 2014 By LJ Rayphand Dissertation Committee: Ellen Hoffman, Chairperson Curtis Ho Catherine Fulford James Skouge Terence Wesley-Smith Keywords: Chuuk, Micronesia, Storytelling, Culture, History, Tradition, Indigenous Knowledge, Language, Web Technology, and Design Based Research. ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS Uwe púún Head bows down Sékúrú púún Back lowers Mwanú púún Knees bent It has been a rough voyage arriving here. Currents, stormy seas, rainy days, and dark nights have been my companions along this journey. I would have never made it this far without a few guiding stars and efóch sópwun áppiipi (a drifting log). "Nimwókus Kot mi pwopwun tipachem meinisin", iei ei porous mei fiis pwe ai fúún emwen non fansoun tipemwaramwar, fansoun ai tongeni, ai nukuw, ai sine, me ai niipwakéch rese chiwen tuufich ren pwisin ai. Ai mwareituk pwal ai kinisow ngonuk en ai Kot. Itomw epwe sopwosopwono nee niing me tekia seni meinisin. I would like to thank my wife, Novia Cholymay Rayphand, for not only being there for me through this sleepless journey but for taking on both of our parental responsibilities in the care of our children. Our expected duties to our extended families would never have been fulfilled without you, my Novia. Fitti epinonen netipei, unusen ekkieki, me nuukunapen ai pochokun, uwa mochen apasa ngonuk ai ennetin kinisow fiti unuséchún ai tong. To my precious, Aichen and Aichem, ai kinisow fiti ai tong. J-Bert, Danny, and Bryan ai tong mei nonomw remi fansoun meinisin. I really believe in the saying that "it takes a village to educate a child". Looking back, I know that many individuals played various roles in shaping where I am today. To my achengicheng Papa Rombert Rayphand and Mama Kinako Namewell Rayphand, ai kinisow ren ami tumwun me tong ngeni ei. Use uuk ngeni mwo ekkis ai upwe meeni sefani ami pekus, pochokun, me nuus fanitei. Semei kewe me inei achengicheng— ii Akenus Akenus me Adelina Rayphand and Leon Kaminanga me Roslin Erwin Kaminanga—thank you for all your love trusting that I can make something good out of the 'ménúngawen aramas' I used to be. My achengicheng brothers fiti ami kewe family me nouch kewe meinisin: Leo (Lepo) and Menvina Kaminanga; Stoney and Sharlyn Erwin Kaminanga, Ace and Mylina Kanoso, Teke Kaminanga, Leonard Kaminanga, Lee Kaminanga, and Leroy Kaminanga and my dearest sisters fiti pwal ami kewe family Denia me Innocent Fred and the kids, Kimberly Kaminanga, and Lelyn Kaminanga Maldonado fiti omw family—ami unusen ai pechekun me epinnukunuk. To my in-laws, Eliot and Margarita Cholymay and grandma Nancy Bernard, kinisow chapur ren ami tong and for accepting me into your family. Ai pwal kinisow ngeni pwii kewe me fefinei tori ami kewe family auchea—Francis and Desire Cholymay, Osi and Sereny Welle, and Brokey and Elyn Kukkun. High school years would have been rough if not impossible without the sponorship and open arms of the Aizawa family. Ai kinisow non ami tong, tumwun, me kisasew ngang mei kuukununo non—Papa Yasuo Aizawa, Mama Maria Aizawa fiti pwii kewe me fefinei: YM, Myam, Myleen, JM, Charmy, and Myme. To Aunty Teresa Rayphand, thank you for making my transition to Hawai’i “super extra smooth”. Ai kinisow ngeni ai kewe popun aramas me won Udot, Uman, Lekinioch me pwal ian ekkewe—ouse pwisin sinei ami ion. To my mom's brothers—Papa Sisino me Asinta Rayphand, Papa Kasper me Rine Rayphand, and Papa David me Filorida Rayphand including all your children and grands—ai kinisow pwe punnun ami chen, tong, me tumwun uwa fiisefisen aramas. iii Ai tirow pwal ai kinisow (my honorific respect and warmhearted thank yous) to my committee members, Dr. Ellen Hoffman—my committee chair, Dr. Curtis Ho, Dr. Catherine Fulford, Dr. James Skouge, and Dr. Terence Wesley-Smith. Thank you for all your guidance, advice, mentorship, trust, but most especially your patience which I probably maxed out over the course of this dissertation. My many kinisow to the various Chuukese who helped shape this project into something beyond what I have anticipated—Soupetak Barnes Koichy, Kanis Koichy, Marvin Bernard, Benry Bernard, Annie Bernard, Sernio Rayphand, Rinda Bisalen, Kaster Rayphand, Angie Ifenuk, Leo Kaminanga, Menvina Rayphand, Margaret Sam, Sochunta Wasan, Flavin Karsom, Mitako Eram Karsom, Adelina Rayphand, David Louis, Sydlina Nakayama, Teresa Rayphand, Akenus Akenus, Adelina Rayphand, Deacon Juilo Akapito, Iosumi Toreph, Deacon Eliot Cholymay, Dr. Margarita Cholymay, Selina Bernard John, Maketo Siren, Father Edmond Ludwig, Isaben Aiten, Fensiana Mwarechenong, Berty Irons, Vitalino Raatior, Rems William, Rex Kaminanga, and Joakim Peter. This study would never set another step forward without the wisdom and guidance of the following people: Deacon Julio Akapito, Mr. Maketo Siren, Mr. Akenus Akenus, Mr. Joakim Peter, and Dr. Margarita Cholymay. Thank you for providing layers of your knowledge and understanding into the meanings beyond our túúttúnnap. Our conversations echoed in my mind as I pieced together this project with the hope that it reflects the wisdoms that you have shared with me. Ai tirow fiti unusen ai kinisow. I would like to thank Mr. Joakim Peter and Dr. Margarita Cholymay for assisting me with the translations. iv There is no doubt that securing a college degree is expensive. I would never obtain anything without the generous support of the following agencies: Federated States of Micronesia (FSM) National Scholarship, Chuuk State Scholarship, East-West Center Graduate Fellowship, University of Hawai’i at Manoa Foundation Scholarships, University of Hawai’i at Manoa Graduate Student Assistanship, ALULA Project, and the FSM Development Bank Scholarship—thank you for believing in the impossibles. They always say that an environment impacts a person and changes him or her into somebody that he or she might have never imagined. My warmth hearted thank yous to the many organizations, associations, and institutions who have touched my heart and gave me a passion to explore beyond my reach—University of Hawai’i at Manoa Center on Disabilities Studies, Educational Technology (ETEC) Ohana, Center on Pacific Islands Studies, Chuukese Catholic Council of Hawai’i (CCCH), Nomwisofo Parish Hawai’i, East-West Center Ohana, Micronesian Connection at UH Manoa, UH-Pan Pacific Club, College of Micronesia-FSM, Saramen Chuuk Academy, and Udot Elementary School. I know that listing all the names of friends, colleagues, and families that I need to thank would mean writing a book thicker than this dissertation. Do understand that even if you don't see your name in here, please know that it is engraved somewhere in my heart and glued to my thoughts. I will forever cherish all that you have done for me. Ai kapong, ai tong, ai pwos, fiti ai kinisow. v ABSTRACT The purpose of this qualitative design research is to investigate whether a design- based website is viable in documenting, preserving and sharing Chuukese stories and to examine what web technologies would influence a participatory approach among Chuukese to continue telling, sustaining, and protecting their stories. Túúttúnnap (storytelling) is paramount to the culture, history, and lives of the Chuukese people. Túúttúnnap is fundamental to the way Chuukese people learn, share knowledge, and communicate. Today, many of these stories are at risk of being lost due to rapid changes in social living conditions. Losing them would mean losing an essential part of what it means to be ‘Wesetan Aramasen Chuuk’ (Indigenous people of Chuuk). Identifying a mechanism that does more than just documenting and preserving these stories is critically needed. Web technology is potentially a better solution due to its ability to provide more access to people, interactions between users, and multifaceted formats benefiting different levels of users. vi TABLE OF CONTENTS ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS ............................................................................................. ii ABSTRACT ...................................................................................................................... vi TABLE OF CONTENTS ............................................................................................... vii LIST OF TABLES ........................................................................................................... xi LIST OF FIGURES ........................................................................................................ xii CHAPTER 1. INTRODUCTION .................................................................................. 14 Statement of the Problem .............................................................................................. 16 Purpose .......................................................................................................................... 18 Research Questions ....................................................................................................... 18 Significance of the Study .............................................................................................. 19 Summary of Methodology ............................................................................................ 21 Description of research methodology ....................................................................... 21 Research Site ............................................................................................................
Load more

Recommended publications
  • Buden-Etal2005.Pdf
    98 PACIFIC SCIENCE . January 2005 Figure 1. Location of the Caroline Islands. along the shore. The average annual rainfall spp.) are the dominant trees on all but the ranges from about 363 cm in Chuuk (Merlin smallest atoll islands, where coastal scrub and and Juvik 1996) to 1,015 cm estimated in the strand predominate. All of the islands fall mountains on Pohnpei (Merlin et al. 1992). within the equatorial rain belt and are wet The land area on the numerous, wide- enough to support a mesophytic vegetation spread, low (1–4 m high) coralline atolls is (Mueller-Dombois and Fosberg 1998). All of miniscule. Satawan Atoll in the Mortlock the atolls visited during this survey are in- Islands, southern Chuuk State, has the largest habited or (in the case of Ant Atoll) have been total land area, with 4.6 km2 distributed so in the recent past. Ornamental shrubs, among approximately 49 islets (Bryan 1971). trees, and herbs are common in the settle- Houk (¼ Pulusuk Atoll), a lone islet west of ments, which are usually located on one or Chuuk Lagoon, is the largest single island several of the larger islets; the others are vis- (2.8 km2) among all of these outlyers. Coco- ited frequently to harvest coconuts, crabs, and nut (Cocos nucifera) and breadfruit (Artocarpus other forest products used by the community. Butterflies of the Eastern Caroline Islands . Buden et al. 99 materials and methods record from Kosrae, but this sight record re- quires confirmation.] Butterflies were collected by D.W.B. when the opportunity arose during biological sur- veys of several different taxonomic groups, Family Lycaenidae including birds, reptiles, odonates, and milli- Catochrysops panormus (C.
    [Show full text]
  • 2.2.2.3 Micronesia Mortlock Islands Airfield
    2.2.2.3 Micronesia Mortlock Islands Airfield Airport Overview Runway(s) Airport Infrastructure Details Fuel Services Charges Royalties / Non Objection Fees (NOFs) Airport Overview Mortlock Islands Civil Airfield is located in Chuuk State on Ta Island, the southern-most of the islands of Satawan Atoll, roughly 194 miles (312 km) southeast of Chuuk International Airport. It is currently served by Caroline Islands Air. In order to utilize the airstrip, operators must apply for the appropriate flight permits with the F.S.M. Division of Civil Aviation. Once approval has been granted, the operator can contact the Chuuk Port Authority Airport Manager to make arrangements for on-call personnel to be present at the airfield. Airport Location and Contact Country Federated States of Micronesia Province or District Mortlock Islands Chuuk State Nearest Town or City Satawan 2.4 Km with Distance from Airport Airport’s Complete Name Mortlock Islands Civil Airfield Latitude 5.315833 Longitude 153.7077 Elevation (ft and m) NA IATA Code NA ICAO Code NA Managing Company or Airport Authority FSM Division of Civil Aviation Management Contact Person Kane Faylim 691.330.2352 NGO and/or UN Presence at Airport? No Runway(s) Runway #1 Runway Dimensions 411 x 15 m Runway Orientation 057 Runway Surface concrete Runway Condition In good condition Airport Infrastructure Details Infrastructure Page 1 Passenger / Cargo Security No Runway Lighting No Screening Refueling Capacity No Ground Handling Services No Air Traffic Control No Fire Fighting Equipment No Weather Information No Aircraft Parking Space Yes Navigation Aids No Perimeter Fencing No Windsock Yes Fuel Services Charges There is no fuel service at the airport Royalties / Non Objection Fees (NOFs) There are no known Royalties or Non objection fees applicable Page 2.
    [Show full text]
  • PUBLIC POLICY: by Submitted in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree of in Dr. Jungho Baek, Committee Chair
    Tourism development and public policy: perceptions of the Chuukese community Item Type Thesis Authors Perez, Gerald San Agustin Download date 05/10/2021 09:13:24 Link to Item http://hdl.handle.net/11122/10527 TOURISM DEVELOPMENT AND PUBLIC POLICY: PERCEPTIONS OF THE CHUUKESE COMMUNITY By Gerald San Agustin Perez A Dissertation Submitted in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements For the Degree of Doctor of Philosophy in Rural Tourism Development: Interdisciplinary Program University of Alaska Fairbanks May 2019 APPROVED: Dr. Jungho Baek, Committee Chair Dr. Fred Schumann, Committee Co-Chair Dr. Jennifer Caroll, Committee Member Dr. Ansito Walter, Committee Member Dr. Mark Herrmann, Dean School of Management Dr. Michael Castellini, Dean of the Graduate School Abstract Tourism is a widely used tool for economic development in small insular communities. This mixed methods study examines factors that influence residents' perceptions toward tourism development in Chuuk and the relevance of “complexity theory” in describing the island's stage of development. Empirical evidence and data triangulation corroborate general support for tourism development and sensitivity to cultural impacts, economic impacts, social impacts, environmental impacts, local control and sustainability. Economic and cultural impacts were the strongest factors influencing perceptions and are most significant to sustainable development and destination development. This reflects residents' beliefs that the island will benefit from tourism because of perceived improvements in the economy, infrastructure, tourist facilities and expanded social amenities. It also reflects residents' expectations for long term planning, managed growth, and laws to protect the environment. Some differences and similarities are noted between sampled residents living in Chuuk and Guam.
    [Show full text]
  • [.35 **Natural Language Processing Class Here Computational Linguistics See Manual at 006.35 Vs
    006 006 006 DeweyiDecimaliClassification006 006 [.35 **Natural language processing Class here computational linguistics See Manual at 006.35 vs. 410.285 *Use notation 019 from Table 1 as modified at 004.019 400 DeweyiDecimaliClassification 400 400 DeweyiDecimali400Classification Language 400 [400 [400 *‡Language Class here interdisciplinary works on language and literature For literature, see 800; for rhetoric, see 808. For the language of a specific discipline or subject, see the discipline or subject, plus notation 014 from Table 1, e.g., language of science 501.4 (Option A: To give local emphasis or a shorter number to a specific language, class in 410, where full instructions appear (Option B: To give local emphasis or a shorter number to a specific language, place before 420 through use of a letter or other symbol. Full instructions appear under 420–490) 400 DeweyiDecimali400Classification Language 400 SUMMARY [401–409 Standard subdivisions and bilingualism [410 Linguistics [420 English and Old English (Anglo-Saxon) [430 German and related languages [440 French and related Romance languages [450 Italian, Dalmatian, Romanian, Rhaetian, Sardinian, Corsican [460 Spanish, Portuguese, Galician [470 Latin and related Italic languages [480 Classical Greek and related Hellenic languages [490 Other languages 401 DeweyiDecimali401Classification Language 401 [401 *‡Philosophy and theory See Manual at 401 vs. 121.68, 149.94, 410.1 401 DeweyiDecimali401Classification Language 401 [.3 *‡International languages Class here universal languages; general
    [Show full text]
  • New Records of Butterflies (Lepidoptera) from the Eastern Caroline Islands, Micronesia1
    New Records of Butterflies (Lepidoptera) from the Eastern Caroline Islands, Micronesia1 Donald W. Buden,2,5 Donald P. Sands,3 and W. John Tennent4 Abstract: Twenty-three new locality records are presented for nine species of butterflies (Lepidoptera) from 11 islands and island groups in the eastern Car- oline Islands, Micronesia. None is endemic; most occur widely in the Indo- Australian region and the islands of the western Pacific. The Lycaenidae were the most well-represented family with at least eight species. The nymphalid Hypolimnas bolina was the most frequently encountered species, occurring on all 11 island groups. Pakin Atoll, which was visited on two different occasions for a total of 5 days, was the only island group visited during this study where but- terflies were not seen. The butterfly fauna of Micronesia has contributes new locality records based largely never been comprehensively assessed. Many on recent collections and observations from of the specimens collected during the Insects eight different islands and island groups in of Micronesia Project outlined by Gressitt the eastern Caroline Islands intermittently (1954) were apparently lost after being sent between November 2001 and August 2003, on loan overseas (S. E. Miller in Buden and plus supplementary material from the Bishop Miller 2003), and no article on butterflies Museum and a small, hitherto-unreported was ever published in the Insects of Micro- collection in the College of Micronesia Land nesia series. Schreiner and Nafus (1997) Grant Office (Kolonia, Pohnpei). summarized what little is known of the ecol- ogy and distribution of species among the Study Area major islands and island groups of greater Micronesia, including the Mariana Islands, The Caroline Islands span approximately Caroline Islands, and Marshall Islands.
    [Show full text]
  • Chuuk Joint State Action Plan for Disaster Risk Management and Climate Change CHUUK JOINT STATE ACTION PLAN on DISASTER RISK MANAGEMENT and CLIMATE CHANGE
    Federated States of Micronesia: Chuuk Joint State Action Plan for Disaster Risk Management and Climate Change CHUUK JOINT STATE ACTION PLAN ON DISASTER RISK MANAGEMENT AND CLIMATE CHANGE 2 CHUUK JOINT STATE ACTION PLAN ON DISASTER RISK MANAGEMENT AND CLIMATE CHANGE 3 CHUUK JOINT STATE ACTION PLAN ON DISASTER RISK MANAGEMENT AND CLIMATE CHANGE ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS The State leadership would like to acknowledge the support of all contributed to the development of this Joint State Action Plan for Disaster Risk Management and Climate Change. The active participation of the various segments of our community was encouraging and reaffirms the con- cerns they are now facing and the eagerness to address risk to disaster risk and climate change. The con- tributions made by the government representatives, Mayors, Traditional Leaders, Church leaders, women groups, youth groups and persons with disabilities were very valuable and ensuring that the plan is realistic and relevant. The leadership displayed by the Chuuk Disaster Emergency Operation Centre Coordination Office (CDEOC), FSM’s Office of Environment and Emergency Management (OEEM) and the Pacific Community (SPC) is greatly appreciated in supporting the development of this plan. The funding support from the European Union through the EU ACP Building Safety and Resilience in the Pacific (BSRP) project being implemented by SPC is greatly appreciated without which the development of the plan would not have been impossible. 4 CHUUK JOINT STATE ACTION PLAN ON DISASTER RISK MANAGEMENT AND CLIMATE CHANGE
    [Show full text]
  • The Reproductive Lives of Chuukese Women: Transnationalism in Guam and Chuuk Sarah Ann Smith University of South Florida, [email protected]
    University of South Florida Scholar Commons Graduate Theses and Dissertations Graduate School 6-4-2014 The Reproductive Lives of Chuukese Women: Transnationalism in Guam and Chuuk Sarah Ann Smith University of South Florida, [email protected] Follow this and additional works at: https://scholarcommons.usf.edu/etd Part of the Public Health Commons, and the Social and Cultural Anthropology Commons Scholar Commons Citation Smith, Sarah Ann, "The Reproductive Lives of Chuukese Women: Transnationalism in Guam and Chuuk" (2014). Graduate Theses and Dissertations. https://scholarcommons.usf.edu/etd/5311 This Dissertation is brought to you for free and open access by the Graduate School at Scholar Commons. It has been accepted for inclusion in Graduate Theses and Dissertations by an authorized administrator of Scholar Commons. For more information, please contact [email protected]. The Reproductive Lives of Chuukese Women: Transnationalism in Guam and Chuuk by Sarah A. Smith A dissertation submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy Department of Anthropology College of Arts and Sciences University of South Florida Co-Major Professor: Nancy Romero-Daza, Ph.D. Co-Major Professor: Heide Castañeda, Ph.D., M.P.H. S. Elizabeth Bird, Ph.D. Ellen Daley, Ph.D., M.P.H. Keith “Mac” Marshall, Ph.D., M.P.H. Date of Approval: June 4, 2014 Keywords: sexual and reproductive health, gender and migration, Micronesia, applied medical anthropology, public health Copyright © 2014, Sarah A. Smith DEDICATION I dedicate this dissertation to all the women in my life, but a few in particular stand out: To my grandmothers, although neither of you are here to see me complete this journey.
    [Show full text]
  • Secondary and Postsecondary Math Education in Chuuk State, Federated States of Micronesia
    DOCUMENT RESUME ED 401 107 SE 059 018 AUTHOR Patacsil, Peter E. TITLE Secondary and Postsecondary Math Education in Chuuk State, Federated States of Micronesia. PUB DATE 95 NOTE 16p. PUB TYPE Reports Descriptive (141) EDRS PRICE MF01/PC01 Plus Postage. DESCRIPTORS *Educational Quality; Foreign Countries; Higher Education; *Mathematics Education; Secondary Education; *Teacher Education IDENTIFIERS *Federated States of Micronesia ABSTRACT The public high school and three private high schools in Chuuk State (formerly called Truk), Federated States of Micronesia (FSM), are located on the main island of Weno. This report documents the present state of secondary and postsecondary mathematics education in Chuuk State. The information is primarily based on interviews with administrators and mathematics teachers at both the secondary and postsecondary levels in Chuuk State. It is reported that the quality of mathematics education varies from school to school ranging from an evolving system at the public high school to high quality and a commitment to excellence at Xavier High School, one of two Catholic high schools on the island. Except for these two catholic schools, there appears to be a shortage of mathematics teachers at the secondary level. The associate degree and three of the four certificate programs offered by the extension center of the College of Micronesia (COM) specify mathematics requirements. However, data indicate that COM's Chuuk State campus has difficulty in recruiting and retaining mathematics instructors. It was concluded that there is a shortage of mathematics teachers both at the secondary and postsecondary level in Chuuk State. (JRH) *********************************************************************** Reproductions supplied by EDRS are the best that can be made from the original document.
    [Show full text]
  • Library of Congress Subject Headings for the Pacific Islands
    Library of Congress Subject Headings for the Pacific Islands First compiled by Nancy Sack and Gwen Sinclair Updated by Nancy Sack Current to January 2020 Library of Congress Subject Headings for the Pacific Islands Background An inquiry from a librarian in Micronesia about how to identify subject headings for the Pacific islands highlighted the need for a list of authorized Library of Congress subject headings that are uniquely relevant to the Pacific islands or that are important to the social, economic, or cultural life of the islands. We reasoned that compiling all of the existing subject headings would reveal the extent to which additional subjects may need to be established or updated and we wish to encourage librarians in the Pacific area to contribute new and changed subject headings through the Hawai‘i/Pacific subject headings funnel, coordinated at the University of Hawai‘i at Mānoa.. We captured headings developed for the Pacific, including those for ethnic groups, World War II battles, languages, literatures, place names, traditional religions, etc. Headings for subjects important to the politics, economy, social life, and culture of the Pacific region, such as agricultural products and cultural sites, were also included. Scope Topics related to Australia, New Zealand, and Hawai‘i would predominate in our compilation had they been included. Accordingly, we focused on the Pacific islands in Melanesia, Micronesia, and Polynesia (excluding Hawai‘i and New Zealand). Island groups in other parts of the Pacific were also excluded. References to broader or related terms having no connection with the Pacific were not included. Overview This compilation is modeled on similar publications such as Music Subject Headings: Compiled from Library of Congress Subject Headings and Library of Congress Subject Headings in Jewish Studies.
    [Show full text]
  • Saipan Carolinian, One Chuukic Language Blended from Many (PDF)
    SAIPAN CAROLINIAN, ONE CHUUKIC LANGUAGE BLENDED FROM MANY A DISSERTATION SUBMITTED TO THE GRADUATE DIVISION OF THE UNIVERSITY OF HAWAI‘I AT MĀNOA IN PARTIAL FULFILLMENT OF THE REQUIREMENTS FOR THE DEGREE OF DOCTOR OF PHILOSOPHY IN LINGUISTICS DECEMBER 2012 BY S. JAMES ELLIS Dissertation Committee: Kenneth L. Rehg, Chairperson Byron W. Bender William D. O‘Grady Yuko Otsuka David L. Hanlon Keywords: Saipan Carolinian, Blended Language, Chuukic, dialect chain, Carolinian language continuum, Language Bending, Micronesia i © Copyright 2012 by S. James Ellis ii ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS No section of this extensive study is more difficult than this one. There is such a great number of Carolinians, many no longer with us, and many other friends who have had an important part of my life and this work. And yet, in view of the typical rush to submit this just under the wire, many of you will be unintentionally missed. I can only apologize to those of you whose names I fail to list here, and I can only promise that when this dissertation is properly published, in due time, I will include you and recognize your valuable contribution. Those that come to mind, however, as of this writing, are Jesus Elameto and his wife, Vicky, who were the first Carolinians I met, and who made me an always-welcome member of the family, and cheerfully assisted and supported every aspect of my work through all these years. During those early days of intelligibility-testing research in the late 80s I also want to mention the role of Project Beam and the Jesuit community and the string of contacts made possible through our common interest in maintaining Carolinian languages.
    [Show full text]
  • Chuukese Migrant Women in Guam: Perceptions of Barriers to Health Care
    Hattori-Uchima: Chuukese Migrant Women in Guam: Perceptions of Barriers to Health Care Asian/Pacific Island Nursing Journal Chuukese Migrant Women in Guam: Volume 1(3): 19-28 ©Author(s) 2017 Perceptions of Barriers to Health Care http://digitalscholarship.unlv.edu/apin/ Margaret Hattori-Uchimaa Abstract This descriptive qualitative study examined perceived barriers to health care among Chuukese migrant women in Guam and explored which factors influenced health-seeking behaviors. Study participants recommended interventions which may reduce those perceived barriers. Since the Compact of Free Association with the United States was enacted in 1985, there has been a dramatic rise in the numbers of Chuukese migrating to Guam. This migration is anticipated to continue with more migrants needing health care, education, and social services. Little is known about their perceptions of barriers to health care services or the cultural, social, economic, and other factors that influence their health-seeking behaviors. Focus group interviews provided rich data, which were analyzed using content analysis. Themes included barriers to seeking and maintaining health and social and cultural factors influencing health-seeking behaviors. Major barriers identified were financial issues, difficulty in obtaining care due to long wait times, transportation problems, and struggles with both language and cultural nuances of communication. It was found that the women identified a mistrust of health and social services resulting from communication barriers. Social and cultural factors included the use of traditional Chuukese medicines, lack of preventive care services, confidentiality concerns, and feelings of mis- treatment. Participants made recommendations for improved care and expressed a strong desire to achieve the mutual goal of better health care for Chuukese migrants in Guam.
    [Show full text]
  • Island Towns
    Island Towns Managing Urbanization in Micronesia John Connell and John PLea Occasional Paper 40 Center for Pacific Islands Studies School of Hawaiian, Asian & Pacific Studies University ofHawai'i at Manoa Honolulu and Research Institute for Asia & the Pacific University of Sydney to 1998 by John Connell and John PLea The views expressed in this publication are those of the authors and not necessarily those of AusAID or any other body associated with it. ISSN 0897-8905 Contents Preface v Acknowledgments vii PART ONE: THE CONTEXT OF URBANIZATION IN MICRONESIA 1 1 Introduction 3 Urban Beginnings 17 2 Population Migration and Urbanization 35 The Demographic Structure 37 Migration in the Region 48 International Migration 60 3 Urban Economy and Society 80 The Urban Economy 86 Employment and Urban Society 97 Conclusion 105 PART Two: URBAN DEVELOPMENT ISSUES 109 4 Urban Management and Planning 110 Land-Use Planning Goals 114 Land-Use Planning in the Federated States of Micronesia 119 Urban Management in Kiribati 122 Urban Planning in the Marshall Islands 126 Master Planning in Palau 127 Strengthening Planning Capabilities in Micronesia 130 5 Urban Land Policy 135 Federated States of Micronesia 137 Kiribati 146 Marshall Islands 149 Palau 151 Addressing the Priorities 154 6 Housing 158 The Urban Housing Process in Micronesia 160 Housing Conditions in Micronesia 163 ,ji Housing Policy in the Micronesian Countries 169 It Accommodating Micronesia 177 7 Public Utilities 181 Water Supply, Sewage Treatment, and Waste Disposal 183 Palau 185 Power and
    [Show full text]