Changes in the State of Democratic Governance in Mongolia 2009-2010.” Methodology and Techniques Used for the Previous Two Reports Were Also Used for This Report
Total Page：16
File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb
Load more
Recommended publications
-
Committee on the Human Rights of Parliamentarians
138th IPU ASSEMBLY AND RELATED MEETINGS Geneva, 24 – 28.03.2018 Governing Council CL/202/11(b)-R.2 Item 11(b) Geneva, 28 March 2018 Committee on the Human Rights of Parliamentarians Report on the mission to Mongolia 11 - 13 September 2017 MNG01 - Zorig Sanjasuuren Table of contents A. Origin and conduct of the mission ................................................................ 4 B. Outline of the case and the IPU follow up action ........................................... 5 C. Information gathered during the mission ...................................................... 7 D. Findings and recommendations further to the mission ................................ 15 E. Recent developments ................................................................................... 16 F. Observations provided by the authorities ..................................................... 17 G. Observations provided the complainant ....................................................... 26 H. Open letter of one of the persons sentenced for the murder of Zorig, recently published in the Mongolian media ................................................................ 27 * * * #IPU138 Mongolia © Zorig Foundation Executive Summary From 11 to 13 September 2017, a delegation of the Committee on the Human Rights of Parliamentarians (hereinafter “the Committee”) conducted a mission to Mongolia to obtain further information on the recently concluded judicial proceedings that led to the final conviction of the three accused for the 1998 assassination of Mr. Zorig -
Harvard Polo Asia by Abigail Trafford
Horsing Around IN THE HIGHWAYS AND BYWAYS OF POLO IN ASIA We all meet up during the six-hour stopover in the Beijing Airport. The invitation comes from the Genghis Khan Polo Club to play in Mongolia and then to head back to China for a university tournament at the Metropolitan Polo Club in Tianjin. Say, what? Yes, polo! Both countries are resurrecting the ancient sport—a tale of two cultures—and the Harvard players are to be emissaries to help generate a new ballgame in Asia. In a cavernous airport restaurant, I survey the Harvard Polo Team: Jane is captain of the women’s team; Shawn, captain of the men’s team; George, the quiet one, is a physicist; Danielle, a senior is a German major; Sarah, a biology major; Aemilia writes for the Harvard Crimson. Marina, a mathematician, will join us later. Neil and Johann are incoming freshmen; Merrall, still in high school, is a protégé of the actor Tommy Lee Jones—the godfather of Harvard polo. And where are the grownups? Moon Lai, a friend of Neil’s parents, is the photographer from Minnesota. Crocker Snow, Harvard alum and head of the Edward R. Murrow Center at Tufts, is tour director and coach. I am along as cheer leader and chronicler. We stagger onto the late-night plane to Ulan Bator (UB), the capital of Mongolia, pile into a van and drive into the darkness—always in the constant traffic of trucks. Our first camp of log cabins is near an official site of Naadam—Mongolia’s traditional summer festival of horse racing, wrestling and archery. -
Congressional-Executive Commission on China Annual
CONGRESSIONAL-EXECUTIVE COMMISSION ON CHINA ANNUAL REPORT 2007 ONE HUNDRED TENTH CONGRESS FIRST SESSION OCTOBER 10, 2007 Printed for the use of the Congressional-Executive Commission on China ( Available via the World Wide Web: http://www.cecc.gov VerDate 11-MAY-2000 01:22 Oct 11, 2007 Jkt 000000 PO 00000 Frm 00001 Fmt 6011 Sfmt 5011 38026.TXT CHINA1 PsN: CHINA1 2007 ANNUAL REPORT VerDate 11-MAY-2000 01:22 Oct 11, 2007 Jkt 000000 PO 00000 Frm 00002 Fmt 6019 Sfmt 6019 38026.TXT CHINA1 PsN: CHINA1 CONGRESSIONAL-EXECUTIVE COMMISSION ON CHINA ANNUAL REPORT 2007 ONE HUNDRED TENTH CONGRESS FIRST SESSION OCTOBER 10, 2007 Printed for the use of the Congressional-Executive Commission on China ( Available via the World Wide Web: http://www.cecc.gov U.S. GOVERNMENT PRINTING OFFICE 38–026 PDF WASHINGTON : 2007 For sale by the Superintendent of Documents, U.S. Government Printing Office Internet: bookstore.gpo.gov Phone: toll free (866) 512–1800; DC area (202) 512–1800 Fax: (202) 512–2104 Mail: Stop IDCC, Washington, DC 20402–0001 VerDate 11-MAY-2000 01:22 Oct 11, 2007 Jkt 000000 PO 00000 Frm 00003 Fmt 5011 Sfmt 5011 38026.TXT CHINA1 PsN: CHINA1 VerDate 11-MAY-2000 01:22 Oct 11, 2007 Jkt 000000 PO 00000 Frm 00004 Fmt 5011 Sfmt 5011 38026.TXT CHINA1 PsN: CHINA1 CONGRESSIONAL-EXECUTIVE COMMISSION ON CHINA LEGISLATIVE BRANCH COMMISSIONERS House Senate SANDER M. LEVIN, Michigan, Chairman BYRON DORGAN, North Dakota, Co-Chairman MARCY KAPTUR, Ohio MAX BAUCUS, Montana TOM UDALL, New Mexico CARL LEVIN, Michigan MICHAEL M. HONDA, California DIANNE FEINSTEIN, California TIM WALZ, Minnesota SHERROD BROWN, Ohio CHRISTOPHER H. -
“Access to Environmental Justice: Ngo Environmental Advocacy on Mining-Related Environmental Issues in Mongolia”
“ACCESS TO ENVIRONMENTAL JUSTICE: NGO ENVIRONMENTAL ADVOCACY ON MINING-RELATED ENVIRONMENTAL ISSUES IN MONGOLIA” ULZIILKHAM ENKHBAATAR A THESIS SUBMITTED TO THE FACULTY OF GRADUATE STUDIES IN PARTIAL FULFILLMENT OF THE REQUIREMENTS FOR THE DEGREE OF MASTER OF LAWS GRADUATE PROGRAM IN LAW OSGOODE HALL LAW SCHOOL, YORK UNIVERSITY TORONTO, ONTARIO October 2020 © Ulziilkham Enkhbaatar, 2020 ABSTRACT In this thesis, I apply the theory of environmental justice to determine how NGOs use substantive and procedural environmental rights to advocate for mining-affected nomadic communities in Mongolia. Environmental NGOs often possess legal and scientific expertise pertinent to resolving and mitigating environmental risks and demanding justice for environmental damages on behalf of the mining-affected local communities. Based on the environmental justice theories, I have constructed a theoretical framework to examine how NGOs access and implement environmental justice tools, both domestically and internationally. Using a multi-methods research approach, including documentary analysis and qualitative interviews with NGO experts and lawyers, I was able to uncover the experiences, difficulties, and challenges faced by NGOs as they seek favourable environmental outcomes. My findings demonstrate that domestic and international environmental justice tools provided opportunities to NGOs to litigate, advocate, negotiate, and mediate the disputes between marginalized mining-affected nomadic communities and their much-larger opponents, mining companies. ii ACKNOWLEDGMENTS I would like to express my deep gratitude and sincere appreciation to my wonderful, kind and caring supervisor, Professor Estair Van Wagner, for her tremendous personal and professional support and guidance in writing this thesis during the challenging effects of the Covid-19 pandemic. I also would like to thank Professor Shin Imai, the LLM thesis supervisory committee member, for his unwavering support and guidance. -
1 an Analysis of the Mongolian Political and Economic Transition: A
An Analysis of the Mongolian Political and Economic Transition: A Model Democracy with a Promising Future By Enkhtaivan Oyunbazar May, 2015 A thesis submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for a baccalaureate degree in (Economics) in cursu honorum Reviewed and approved by: Dr. Alexander Mirescu Submitted to The Honors Program, Saint Peter’s University March 23, 2015 1 Acknowledgements I would like to thank all of the people who have been helpful, supportive, and caring to make this work possible. I am extremely thankful to have a wonderful family, friends, and teachers who have helped me throughout life and continue to support me in any endeavor. Special thanks to the Director of the Honors Program Dr. Rachel Wifall and my advisor for this work Dr. Alexander Mirescu from the Department of Political Science. Abstract Mongolia is a democratic free market-oriented Asian state and it is the second largest land locked country in the world. Located between the Russian Federation and the People’s Republic of China, Mongolia’s total area of 1.6 million square kilometers encompasses an area greater than that of Britain, France, Germany, and Italy combined; four times the size of Japan. Mongolia is the fifth largest country in Asia and it is also the least densely populated country in the world; the country’s population reached only three million in 2015. Mongolia became the second communist country in the world after the USSR when the Bolsheviks advised the young Mongolian nationalists to establish a Marxist state. Mongolia emerged as a supplier of raw materials and food for the USSR’s Siberian industries and towns leading up to the transition. -
UNIVERSAL PERIODIC REVIEW MIDTERM PROGRESS REPORT by MONGOLIA on ITS IMPLEMENTATION of RECOMMENDATIONS Report by the Human Rights Forum
UNIVERSAL PERIODIC REVIEW MIDTERM PROGRESS REPORT BY MONGOLIA ON ITS IMPLEMENTATION OF RECOMMENDATIONS Report by the Human Rights Forum May 2018 ONE. INTRODUCTION Mongolia submitted a second national report on its human rights situation to the UN Human Rights Council and received 164 recommendations out of which it committed itself to 150 recommendations. Please see the chart below for information on the implementation of the recommendations. Implementation of UPR recommendations 19% 16% 65% Implemented In progress Not implemented TWO. BACKGROUND Mongolia participated for the second time in the Universal Periodic Review (UPR) of the UN Human Rights Council (HRC) and committed itself to implement 150 recommendations during the plenary session of UN HRC on 5 May 2015. The remaining 14 recommendations were not accepted as they were concerned with the parliamentary legislative power. Since the different opinions of government and non-governmental organizations on the translation of the recommendations after the first session hindered the implementation stage, the second session, conducted by the Ministry of Foreign Affairs (MFA), concluded the integration of the translated recommendations, finalized in consultation with civil society organizations. Development of an implementation plan, again, with input from civil society organizations during the second stage, proved to be a good practice and helped to correct previous mistakes. The plan was approved on 11 May 2016, by Government Decree No. 204. For the monitoring of the implementation progress an ex-officio council chaired by the Minister for Justice and Home Affairs (MoJHA) was established with State Secretaries, heads of agencies, and representatives from the civil society. Requirements of the plan for the submission of a mid-term report on the implementation of the recommendations to the UN HRC by January 2018, as well as submission of an implementation report to the non-executive council every January and to the Government every February, help to enforce the implementation. -
Scanned Using Book Scancenter 5033
Globalization ’s Impact on Mongolian Identity Issues and the Image of Chinggis Khan Alicia J. Campi PART I: The Mongols, this previously unheard-of nation that unexpectedly emerged to terrorize the whole world for two hundred years, disappeared again into obscurity with the advent of firearms. Even so, the name Mongol became one forever familiar to humankind, and the entire stretch of the thirteenth through the fifteenth centuries has come to be known as the Mongol era.' PART II; The historic science was the science, which has been badly affect ed, and the people of Mongolia bid farewell to their history and learned by heart the bistort' with distortion but fuU of ideolog}'. Because of this, the Mong olians started to forget their religious rituals, customs and traditions and the pa triotic feelings of Mongolians turned to the side of perishing as the internation alism was put above aU.^ PART III: For decades, Mongolia had subordinated national identity to So viet priorities __Now, they were set adrift in a sea of uncertainty, and Mongol ians were determined to define themselves as a nation and as a people. The new freedom was an opportunity as well as a crisis." As the three above quotations indicate, identity issues for the Mongolian peoples have always been complicated. In our increas ingly interconnected, media-driven world culture, nations with Baabar, Histoij of Mongolia (Ulaanbaatar: Monsudar Publishing, 1999), 4. 2 “The Political Report of the First Congress of the Mongolian Social-Demo cratic Party” (March 31, 1990), 14. " Tsedendamdyn Batbayar, Mongolia’s Foreign Folicy in the 1990s: New Identity and New Challenges (Ulaanbaatar: Institute for Strategic Studies, 2002), 8. -
Mongolian European Chamber Of
MONGOL Since 1991 the MESSENGER 500 ¥ No. 07-08 (1076-1077) MONGOLIA’S FIRST ENGLISH WEEKLY PUBLISHED BY MONTSAME NEWS AGENCY Friday, February 17, 2012 Mongolia Economic Happy Tsagaan Sar! Forum planned for early March The Mongolian Economic Forum 2012 will run on March 5-6. At a February 10 press conference, organizers of the forum reported about the preparations and measures for the forum. As of information given by MP S. Oyun; Deputy Finance Minister Ch.Gankhuyag; Ch.Khashchuluun, head of the National Development and Innovation Committee; and P.Tsagaan, senior advisor to the President, the forum that is to be organized for the third time, will run this year under the motto ‘Together for Development’. The forum will have sub-meetings under themes on economic development, social policy and competitiveness, and bring together over 1000 foreign and domestic participants. During the forum, it is planned to publicly introduce Mongolia’s development forum until 2021 issued by Open Society. MP S. Oyun said, “In reality, why isn’t poverty decreasing while the economy has grown over the past five or six years. We believe that issues on how to decrease poverty and what should be done for the fruits of economic growth to improve livelihoods will develop into hot discussions during the forum. For instance, the statistical figures on poverty percentages are very confusing. The National Statistical Committee evaluates the poverty rate at 39 percent while the World Bank says it is lower using a different methodology to evaluate poverty. Therefore, -
Law, As for Election of the State Great Hural
UNOFFICIAL TRANSLATION LAW ON ELECTION PART ONE CHAPTER ONE: GENERAL PROVISIONS Article 1. Purpose of the Law Article 2. Legislation on election Article 3. Legal terms and definitions Article 4. Basic principles of election Article 5. Principles for election activity organization Article 6. Elections Article 7. Election system Article 8. Types of election Article 9. Election stages Article 10. Election time frame CHAPTER TWO: ELECTIVE RIGHTS Article 11. Right of a citizen of Mongolia to elect and be elected Article 12. Right to nominate candidate for the election of the State Great Hural and its Members Article 13. Right to nominate a candidate for Presidential election Article 14. The right to nominate a candidate for the election of the Citizens’ Representatives’ Hural Article 15. Prohibiting simultaneous candidacy CHAPTER THREE: BASIS FOR ELECTION ACTIVITY IMPLEMENTATION Article 16. Regular election, setting and announcement of the polling day Article 17. Setting and announcement of non-regular election Article 18. Setting and announcement of by-election Article 19. Setting and announcement of re-election Article 20. Polling day of elections other than regular election CHAPTER FOUR: STRUCTURE OF ELECTION TERRITORY Article 21. Election territory Article 22. Election constituency Article 23. Election precinct CHAPTER FIVE: ELECTION AUTHORITY Subchapter one: General provisions Article 24. Election authority Article 25. Administration and structure of an election authority Article 26. Administration and organization of a polling authority for citizens residing in a foreign country Article 27. Operation procedures of election authorities Article 28. Staff and officials of an election authority Article 29. Economic and legal guarantee for election officials Subchapter two: The central election authority Article 30. -
Big Skies Horse Trail with Naadam Games, 9 – 21 July, Mongolia
Big Skies Horse Trail with Naadam Games, 9 – 21 July, Mongolia Itinerary 9 July - Ulaanbaatar During the Naadam Games in Ulaanbaatar it will feel as if the entire population of Mongolia is in the city. The itinerary must be flexible to accommodate any changes in the Naadam programmes or changes of restricted areas. You must not expect everything to run precisely to time in this hectic environment. Today you may explore the city on your own. A local guide who speaks both English and Mongolian will accompany the group. Such is the bustling nature of the Games that it will be impossible for your guide to provide a running commentary. Instead they will be available to answer direct questions and escort you between the venues. This is a time when the Mongolian government invites VIPs and other official guests to the city so accommodation and transport is in short supply. Overbooking of hotels is likely but our partners in Mongolia have the experience of Naadam every year In the evening the horse trainers move their horses and know how to anticipate the problems. with their mobile camps near to the city, and pitch Nevertheless it is important that you appreciate that camp at the steppe area at Hui Doloon Hudag, 60km the itinerary must be flexible. away from the city and Sukhbaatar Square. The minor archery competitions and training may You will meet other guests for a festive welcome have started already today. There are different styles dinner. such as children’s archery, Buryat style archery etc. 10 July – Ulaanbaatar Training sessions allow for good photography since you can get closer and there are fewer people. -
U.S.$5,000,000,000 GLOBAL MEDIUM TERM NOTE PROGRAM the GOVERNMENT of MONGOLIA Bofa Merrill Lynch Deutsche Bank HSBC J.P. Morgan
INFORMATION MEMORANDUM U.S.$5,000,000,000 GLOBAL MEDIUM TERM NOTE PROGRAM THE GOVERNMENT OF MONGOLIA Under this U.S.$5,000,000,000 Global Medium Term Note Program (the “Program”), the Government of Mongolia (the “Issuer”) may from time to time issue notes (the “Notes”) denominated in any currency agreed between the Issuer and the relevant Dealer (as defined in “Subscription and Sale”). Notes may be issued in bearer or registered form (respectively, “Bearer Notes” and “Registered Notes”). The aggregate nominal amount of all Notes to be issued under the Program will not exceed U.S.$5,000,000,000 or its equivalent in other currencies at the time of agreement to issue. The Notes and any relative Receipts and Coupons (as defined herein), will constitute direct, unconditional, unsubordinated and (subject to the Terms and Conditions of the Notes (the “Conditions”)) unsecured obligations of the Issuer and rank pari passu without any preference among themselves and (save for certain obligations required to be preferred by law) equally with all other unsecured and unsubordinated debt obligations of the Issuer. The Notes may be issued on a continuing basis to one or more of the Dealers. References in this Information Memorandum to the relevant Dealer shall, in the case of an issue of Notes being (or intended to be) subscribed for by more than one Dealer, be to all Dealers agreeing to subscribe for such Notes. Approval in-principle has been granted for the listing and quotation of Notes that may be issued pursuant to the Program and which are agreed at or prior to the time of issue thereof to be so listed and quoted on the Singapore Exchange Securities Trading Limited (the “SGX-ST”). -
Poisoned Oasis
POISONED OASIS THE PERSECUTION OF CHIMED SAIKHANBILEG AND THE FUTURE OF DEMOCRACY IN MONGOLIA Table of Contents Executive Summary �� � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � i I� Mongolian Political Context �� � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � �1 A. Major Parties and Historical Context� � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � �1 B. Factionalism � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � �2 II. Oyu Tolgoi �� � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � �5 A. Discovery of Oyu Tolgoi � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � �5 B. 2009 Investment Agreement �� � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � �5 C. 2012 Parliamentary Elections and Rio Tinto Takeover of Ivanhoe � � � � � � � � � � � �7 D. New State Policy on Minerals (2014-2025) �� � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � �8 E. Prime Minister Saikhanbileg Takes Office and the 2015 “Dubai Agreement”� � � � �8 F. International Project Financing � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � 10 G. Failed Vote of No Confidence � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � 10 H. Oyu Tolgoi Since 2016 � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � 11 III. Erdenet Mine �� � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � �